S. Gluščević - Antička luka u Zatonu

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  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

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    ILUSTRACI.]AA NASLOVNICIILLUSTRATIONNTHEFRONT AGE

    Pogled

    a

    diobroda

    View

    on he

    part

    ftheboat3

    ILUSTRACUAA POLED]NI/LLUSTRATIONNTHEBACK AGF

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    Anheolo5ki

    vuzej

    ndnn

    Od.;e[

    n

    podrvronsku

    nheoloqiJu

    AnchAEoloqicn[

    MUSEUM

    ndnn

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    3

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    NakladnikPublisher

    Arheoloiki

    muzejZadar Archaeological

    museum

    Zadar

    ZanakladnikaFor he

    publisher

    SmiljanGluiievi(

    Urednik/

    ditor

    SmiljanGluiievit

    Fotografije Photos

    Smiljan

    Gluifevi(

    -

    Zdenko Brusi(

    CrteLi Drawing

    lvan eondid

    Lektor ahrvatskijezikProofreaderor Croatian

    JagodaGluiievi(

    Prijevod aengleskijezik

    Translation

    nto

    English

    BarbaraSmith-Demo

    Grafiika

    riprema

    Typesetting

    nd ayout

    Grafodromd.o.o.

    Zadar

    Grafitko

    ureclenjeorica Design f the

    cover

    Grafodrom

    d.o.o.

    Zadar

    Tisak Printed y

    Grafodromd.o.o.Zadar

    Zadar

    Rujan 01 .

    Nakladalssued

    400

    lsBN978-9537484-1 -s

    f::=\

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    Svriljnn

    [u5eevi6

    ANrieknukn

    U ZnToNU

    ArucierurnnbouR

    il

    ZnroN

    rlf

    -

    5

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

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    Nina

    kamenom

    koji

    je

    upravo

    open sea

    was considerably

    hortened,

    s

    Nedaleko

    mjesta

    Zaton,

    Petnaestak

    km

    od

    Zadra

    a tu Kremenjata

    alazila

    eu

    antiiko

    doba

    luka.Egzistirala

    e

    kao luka

    obliZnjeg

    ina

    koji

    e

    najprije

    io

    iburnsko

    naselje

    BATOV|C,

    968),

    a onda

    i rimski

    municipij

    Aenona

    sUlC,

    1968;

    LAKOVAC,

    1999). ukae nastala ko2,5km daleko d

    naselja

    er je

    Nin, nekada

    kao

    i danas,

    smjeiten

    u

    plitkoj

    laguni

    s

    vrlo lo5im

    maritimnim

    vjetima.

    z o,

    naovaj

    e

    naiin

    bitno

    skraien

    put

    sto

    e

    vodiooko

    otoka

    Vira

    kojije

    u antici

    bio spojen

    kopnom.

    jeruje

    se

    kako

    e

    najveii broj

    graclevina

    ntitkog

    Sl.1-

    Pogled

    a

    ukobranzzraka

    Fig.

    1 Air

    view

    of thebteakwater

    preko

    zatonske

    uke

    dovoZen

    z kame-

    noloma

    sa

    zadarskih

    otoka

    (ILAKOVAC,

    1997).

    Luka

    je

    otkrivena

    60-tih

    godina'

    Tada

    e

    snimljen

    vi5eod

    '150m

    dugaiak

    fukobran

    (Sl.

    1) za koji

    se

    na osnovi

    sadainjeg

    zgleda

    misli a

    e

    raden

    d naba-

    canog

    kamena

    to

    je

    s obzirom

    na znaiaj

    luke

    tesko

    vjerovati.

    Dijelom

    uslijed

    spuitanje

    stoine

    obaleJadrana

    dijelom

    zbog

    uruSavanja

    staci e

    danas

    alaze

    -

    4,5

    m ispodmorske ovr5ine. n e trebao

    brodove

    u luci Stititiod

    svih

    vjetrova

    oji su

    dolazili

    a

    zapada

    lijugozapada.

    a

    kopnu

    Not far

    from

    the

    village

    of Zaton,

    some ifteen

    kilometers

    romZadar,

    harbor

    once existed n

    the

    Roman

    period

    at

    Kremenjata ape.

    t served

    s he

    harbor

    or

    nearby

    Nin,which irst

    wasa

    native

    Libur-

    nian settlement

    BATOUC

    968), nd

    then

    becamehe Romanmunicipium f Aenona

    (sulC

    1968;

    LAKovAc

    999).The

    arborwas

    constructed bout

    2.5

    km from the

    settle-

    ment,because oth

    in the

    past

    and

    today

    Nin

    wasand s ocated

    n

    a

    shallow

    agoon

    with very

    poor

    conditions

    or maritime

    access.

    lso, n this

    way,

    he route

    to the

    fromNinonehad o sail

    round

    he sland

    f

    Mr,which n antiquity

    wasstilljoined

    o

    the

    mainland.

    t is

    hought

    hat he

    mostof

    the

    structuresof RomanNin were built from

    stone hat

    was

    brought

    o the

    harborat

    Zaton rom

    quarries

    n the

    islands

    f the

    Zadar rchipelago

    l

    LAKOV

    C, 997).

    The harbor

    was discovered

    n the

    1960s. t that

    point,

    a

    breakwater

    ore

    han

    150metersongwas

    photographed

    fi9.

    1),

    whichon he basis f

    ts

    present

    ppearance

    is consideredo have

    been

    built of

    piled

    stones,

    lthough his

    is unlikely

    iven

    he

    importancef heharbor. artly ecausehe

    eastern oastof

    the

    Adriatic

    s

    gradually

    sinking, nd

    partly

    because

    f decay,

    he

    remains re ocated oday

    at

    a depthof

    2 to

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

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    uz lukobran

    u

    postojale

    radevine

    iji

    se

    ostacidanas

    ide

    u moru

    tik

    uzmore

    na

    tu

    Kremenjaia,

    l i

    tristotinjak

    etara

    stoino

    u sklopu

    anaSnjeg

    .N.

    Zaton.

    Otito

    se adi

    o

    razliiit im ristani5nim

    reclajima

    dnosno

    privremenim

    kladi5tima dje

    se

    pregle-

    davalaodlagala

    rist igla

    oba.

    Brodovi

    oji

    su

    pristizali

    luku

    bili

    su

    razliiit i

    ipovi

    imskih

    rgovatkih

    rodova

    (navis

    neraria).

    jihovo

    risustvo

    otvrtluju

    nalazi

    ankog

    brontanog

    ima

    specifiinih

    zakovica

    ojima

    u rimski

    brodovi

    oblagali

    donje

    dijelove

    rupa

    da

    bi se

    5titili

    od

    morskih

    rganizama.

    4.5

    meters

    elow

    he surface

    f the

    sea. he

    breakwater

    as

    ntended

    o

    protect

    oats

    n

    the

    harbor

    rom

    western

    nd

    southwestern

    winds.

    Related

    tructures

    xisted

    on land

    adjacent

    o

    the

    breakwater,

    hose

    emains

    canbe seen odayunderwater nd by the

    sea

    on

    Kremenjata

    ape,

    but

    also some

    three

    hundred

    meters

    o

    the

    east n

    the

    TouristVillage

    omplex

    t

    Zaton.These

    ere

    evidently

    various

    port

    installations

    r

    temporary

    warehouses

    here

    goods

    were

    inspected

    nd

    stored.

    The

    ships hat

    arrived

    n

    harbor

    represented

    various

    types

    of Roman

    merchant

    essels

    navis

    oneraria).

    heir

    presence

    s

    confirmed

    by

    finds

    of

    thin

    bronze

    heeting

    nd

    specific

    ypes

    of rivets

    used

    o

    plate

    he lower

    parts

    of the

    hull

    of

    Roman

    hips

    o

    protect

    hem rom

    marine

    organisms.

    The

    most mportant

    inds

    are he

    remains

    f

    three

    essels

    hose

    onstruction

    differs rom standardRoman hipbuilding

    techniques.

    he

    first

    two

    shipswere

    built

    without

    the

    use of

    metal

    nai ls.

    Ship 1

    (BRUSIC

    968)

    nlyhad

    a ew

    preserved

    ibs,

    SI.2-Pogled a rebra

    oplatu

    broda

    2

    Fig.

    -

    View n

    the ibs

    and

    planking

    lpak najznaiajni j i

    su

    nalazi

    ostatci

    tri

    plovila

    iija konstrukcija

    dudara

    od

    rimske

    rodogra(levne

    ehnike.

    aime

    rva

    sudvabroda

    adena

    ez

    upotrebe

    metalnih

    iavala. rod1

    (BRUSIC,

    968)

    mao

    e

    samo

    nekoliko,

    brod

    2 iak27

    satuvanih

    ebara

    (Sl.

    ).Specifidnost

    vih

    plovila

    e

    u naiinu

    spajanjadasakaoplate koje su najprije

    vezane onopom

    pletenim

    d neke

    iljke,

    zatim

    e

    isti

    iksiran

    rvenim

    epovima

    Sl.

    3-q.

    t'

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    Antiiki

    pisci

    pominju

    pecifiianip

    histarskih liburnskih rodova ao naiin

    njihove

    gradnje.

    akoMarkoPakuvije

    240.

    130.

    od.

    pr.

    Kr.) aZe ako

    .

    Kasnije

    ompej

    Fest 2.

    st.

    n. Kr.,

    koriste(i

    podatke

    Verija

    Flaka,

    gramatitara koji

    je

    podutavao unuke

    rimskog

    cara

    Augusta

    kaZe:

    (KR|ZMAN,

    979,

    201-

    204).

    Kako su

    i

    dva

    spomenuta

    lovila,

    ao

    treie

    nadeno

    nedavno

    (Sl.

    ),

    adena pravo

    a

    taj

    naiin,

    bilo

    e

    moguie

    povezatih s

    podacima

    izizvora.

    lzvori

    govore

    da su

    Liburni,

    arod

    oji

    Sl.5

    Pogled a dio rebara oplate

    broda

    Fig.

    -

    View n the

    port

    of

    tibsand

    planking

    oftheboat

    3

    ii,4

    -

    Detolji

    spajonjadosako

    oplote

    Fig.4

    -

    Detail on

    the way

    he

    planking

    s

    oined

    while

    ship

    2had27

    (fig.

    ).A specific

    eature

    of these esselss he manner f oining he

    planks

    of the

    hull,which

    were irst

    sewn

    with rope made rom certain

    plants,

    nd

    then ixedwithwooden

    lugs

    fig.3-4).

    Classical

    writers

    mentioned

    a

    specific

    type

    of Histrian

    and

    Liburnian

    hip, s

    well

    as he

    manner f construc-

    tion.

    Marcus

    acuvius

    220

    -

    130 BC)

    noted?nd

    no

    carpentry pegs hold

    together

    he

    hull of the

    boat,

    ather

    t is

    sewn

    with

    linen

    and broom

    cords .

    Later

    n the

    2nd century

    BC,

    ompeius

    estus,tiliz-

    ing

    data

    from Verrius

    Flaccus,he

    grammarian

    who taught he

    grandchil-

    dren of

    the Roman

    emperorAugustus, oted:

    Serilia,

    according

    to

    Verrius.

    s

    he term

    or the

    lstrian and

    Liburnian

    vessels

    that are

    put

    together

    with

    linen and

    broom

    ropes

    (KRIZMAN

    1979,201-204).

    s he two

    vessels,long

    with a

    third

    recently

    iscovered

    fig.

    6),

    je

    nastavao

    elik io

    hrvatskebale d

    rijeke

    Ra5e Arsia lumen)u lstri do rijekeKrke

    (Titium

    lumen)

    odSibenika

    1. isu(lje(u

    pr.

    Kr. imali

    prevlast

    (talasokraciju)

    a

    wereconstructedn

    ust

    hismanner,

    t was

    possibleo tie them to the data rom the

    sources.

    Historical ources

    note that the

    . -

    Liburni,

    people

    who

    nhabited arge

    art

    - t

    -

    8

    SI.

    -

    Shema

    pajanjaoplate,kobilice

    rebara

    Fig.3

    -

    Detoil

    on the way he

    planking

    s

    oined

    Jadranskom

    oru.

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    SI.6 Pramtani

    usadnici

    a

    dvostruki

    orbot

    Fig.6

    Bowbed

    or

    double

    most

    Kadasu

    734.

    god.

    pr.

    Kr.

    u srazu

    s Grcima

    (Korintanima)

    zgubili

    pomorsku

    itku

    kod

    otoka

    Krfa

    potinje,

    uvjetno

    reieno,

    slabljenje

    jihovepomorske

    ile.

    Unatof

    svemu

    orijentacija

    iburna

    na more

    njihova

    pomorska

    jeitina

    dalje

    su neupitni.Njihovobrodovlje posadu

    zbog

    toga

    koriste

    obje

    sukobljene

    trane

    u

    graCfanskom

    atu

    izmedu

    Julija

    Cezara

    GnejaPompeja,

    ojega

    eznaiajne

    epizode

    odigravaju

    a

    Jadranu.

    Spomenutih

    7 rebara

    od

    broda

    2,

    unutraSnja

    vanjska

    oplata,

    usadnik

    za

    dvostruki

    arbol

    (Sl.

    6) i

    dijelovi

    opreme

    broda

    (koloturi,

    zatezaii

    za

    jedra)

    (Sl.

    7)

    omoguiili

    su

    idejnu

    rekonstrukciju

    og

    plovila Sl.

    8), koja

    uslijed

    pak

    oskudnih

    ostataka

    gornjem

    dijelu

    moZe

    arirati.

    Na

    lukobranu

    e nalazi

    nekoliko

    gomila

    ovalnog

    balastnog

    amena

    oji ne

    potjete

    s naiih

    prostora,

    koji

    su

    brodovi

    krcalikada

    su

    bili

    prazni

    da

    bi

    osigurali

    potrebnu

    stabilnost

    Sl.

    9).

    Krajem

    70-tih

    godina

    apoiela

    u

    viSegodiSnjaodmorska

    istraZivanja

    1979.-1978.)

    BRUStC,

    980;

    GLUSCEVIC,984) stotne traneukobrana

    gdje

    se

    nalazila

    perativna

    bala,

    akle

    dje

    sevriio

    iskrcaj

    ukrcaj

    azliiitih

    ereta

    koji

    su

    brodovima

    ristizali

    luku.

    SI.7

    -

    Koloturi

    zatezaii

    za

    edra

    Fig,7

    -

    Pulleys

    nd

    clewJines

    of

    the

    Croatian

    oast rom

    the Raia

    River

    (Arsia

    lumen)

    in lstria

    to

    the Krka

    River

    (Titium

    lumen)

    near

    Sibenik

    n

    the

    1st

    millennium

    C,

    njoyed

    aval

    upremacy

    n

    the

    Adriatic

    sea

    (thalassocracy).

    hen

    they

    lost

    a

    naval

    battle

    n 735

    BC against

    he

    GreeksCorinthians)y the islandof Corfu,

    this

    marked

    he

    beginnings

    f

    the

    decline

    f

    their

    maritime power.

    Nonetheless,

    he

    orientation

    f the Liburnians

    o

    the sea

    and

    their

    maritime

    kills emained

    nquestion-

    able.

    Their

    ships

    and

    crews

    were

    used

    by

    both

    sides

    n

    the

    civilwars

    between

    ulius

    Caesar

    and

    Gnaeus

    pompey,

    significant

    episodes

    f which

    ook

    place

    n

    heAdriatic.

    The

    mentioned

    7 ibsofship2, he

    interior

    nd

    exterior

    lanking,

    he

    insertion

    for

    he

    double

    mast

    fig.

    ),and

    parts

    f ship

    equipment

    (block

    and

    tackle

    sets

    and

    pulleys)

    fi1.

    7)

    have

    enabled

    a

    possible

    reconstruction

    f this

    vessel

    fig.

    8), which

    might

    well

    vary

    given

    he

    scarce

    emains

    from

    he

    upper

    ection.

    Systematic

    nderwater

    xcavations

    began

    at the

    end

    ofthe

    1970s

    1979-1987\

    (BRUStc 980;GLUSeEMC984)on the

    eastern

    side

    of

    the breakwater

    where

    the

    active

    part

    of

    the harbor

    was

    ocated,

    where

    tt

    9

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

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    Sl.8- dejna konstrukcija roda2 s dvostrukimarbolom

    Fig.8

    Designingeconstructionf theship2 with doublemast

    Sl.9

    Bolastno amenje

    Fig.s_Baraststones

    roading and

    unroadingof the

    various

    lstrazivanjima

    e

    nadenaogromna

    cargoes rought

    yshipsook

    place'

    everal

    koriiina

    razrititogmaterijara,

    rvenstveno

    piles

    f oval

    ballast

    tones ere oundat he

    keramiikog,

    oja,osimo vremenu

    ovori

    o

    breakwater hat do not come from this

    provenijenciji

    rodova ojisuu nju

    pristizali.

    region'

    which

    hadbeen

    oaded

    nto

    empty

    Tako

    nalazimo

    materijalije

    podrijetlo

    alja

    ships o

    provide

    he

    necessary

    tability

    fig'

    traiiti u MalojAziji,ne Bliskomstoku, jever- 9)'

    noj

    Africi, jevernoj

    taliji li Grikoj

    tbriusrc,

    An

    enormous

    quantity

    of diverse

    1999).

    sL

    10.)

    materia|,

    rimari|y

    ottery,

    was discovered

    fa

    j

    the excavations,

    ellinEus

    not merely

    T

    -

    1 0

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

    11/20

    Sl.

    10-Keromitko

    osuile

    z stotnomediteranskih

    adionica

    Fig. 0- CeromicwareromEastern editerraneanorkshops

    Mada

    u mnogo manjem

    obimu

    na5lo e dosta taklenog aterijala

    ojise

    u velikojmjerimoie

    povezati

    astaklarskim

    radionicama u

    Siriji il i Aleksandriji

    (GLUSCEVIC,

    986;

    991;1994

    199s).

    st.

    1 )

    Sl. 1-Stakleno

    osude

    z mediteranskih

    adionica

    Fig. 11 Glosswarerom Mediterronean

    workshops

    about

    he

    chronology,

    ut also he

    prove-

    nience

    f the

    ships hat docked here. he

    origins

    of the

    discovered aterial

    an be

    soughtn

    Asia

    Minor,heNear

    East, orthern

    Africa, orthern

    taly,and

    Greece

    BRUSIC

    1999\.

    Although n

    signif icant ly

    maller

    amounts,

    onsiderable

    lass

    material

    was

    found,

    which

    o a

    great

    xtent

    anbe

    elated

    to

    glass

    workshops

    n Syria

    or

    Alexandria

    (GLUSCEUC986; eei; 1994-i995).he

    finds

    also ncluded

    rtifacts f bone

    various

    pins

    ndhairpins),etal

    clasps,

    ins,

    oins,

    fishhooks),

    ndwood

    combs),

    n

    addition

    o

    pieces

    f eather

    nd

    ope.

    {t

    1 1

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

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    Bilo

    e

    i

    nalaza

    d kosti

    (igle

    ukosnice),

    metala

    spone,

    gle,

    novac,

    dice),

    rvenog

    (ieSljevi)

    li komada

    oZe

    konopa.

    SL

    2.)

    Nastavak

    straZivanja

    slijedio

    e

    2002.

    god.

    Ono

    se, kako

    u metodoloskom

    smislu

    ako i

    u

    pogledu

    dokumentacije,

    bitno razlikuju

    od onih

    raelenih80-tih

    godina.

    Precizno

    radena

    stratigrafska

    istraZivanja

    Sl.

    12

    -

    SLOJEVI)

    z

    angaiman

    ve(eg

    broja azliiit ih

    trutnjaka,

    ei

    sada

    u

    dalamnogo

    bolju

    sveobuhvatniju

    liku

    o

    Zivotu

    ove luke

    kao

    i njenom

    preciznijem

    kronoloSkom

    predjeljenju.

    psolutna

    u

    novost

    uzeti

    podaci

    koji bi

    u konainici

    trebali

    biti osnova

    za

    izradbu

    3D

    slike

    iitavog nalaziSta

    GLUSeEV|C,

    002;

    2005).

    Uzznatnukoliiinu aznovrsnihrheoloikih

    artefakataaafeni

    u dijelovitreieg

    iburn-

    skog

    plovila

    cLUSeEVlC,

    00s).

    Excavations

    ere

    continued in

    2002.

    his

    esearch,

    oth

    n

    termsof meth-

    odology

    nd

    also

    documentation,

    ifferso

    a

    great

    extent

    rom

    hat n

    the eighties.

    he

    precisely

    defined

    stratigraphic

    nvestiga-

    tions

    fig.

    12

    -

    strata),

    longwith

    the input

    from a greatnumberof expertsn various

    fields,

    ave

    lreadyesulted

    n

    a much

    better

    and

    more

    extensive

    mage

    of

    the ifeof

    this

    harbor

    swell

    asa more

    precise

    hronologi-

    calclassification.

    completely

    ewelement

    involves

    ecording

    ata

    in

    preparation

    o

    make

    a

    3D

    image

    of the

    entire

    site

    (GLUseEvlc

    002;

    2005). tong

    with

    consid-

    erable

    quantities

    f diverse

    rchaeological

    artifacts,

    he

    remains

    ere

    also

    ound

    of a

    thirdLiburnianesselGLUSeEV|C,005).

    Sl. 2- Oznake ulturnih

    lojeva

    Fig. 2

    -

    Characteristics

    f the cultural

    ayers

    t'

    1 2

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

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    Uz

    arheoloiki

    materijalpa2nja

    se

    posvetila

    ostatcima

    Zivotinjskih,

    tidjih

    i

    ribljih

    kostiju

    kao

    i

    lju5turama

    koljaka

    i

    puZeva.

    sobita

    e

    pozornost

    smjerena

    a

    analizu

    rheobotanitkih

    stataka

    oji

    su

    dali

    neke

    znimne

    ezultate.

    ako

    e

    npr.

    prviput

    unutar arheolo5kihslojeva detektirana

    koitica

    rotkvice

    oja

    se

    spominje

    u

    Diosku_

    ridesovu

    Codexu

    z

    60.

    god.

    n. Kr.

    Uz

    brojne

    sjemenke

    maslina,

    raha,

    bresaka,

    uku_

    mara,

    inja,

    mokve,

    inove

    oze

    sl.

    naila

    se

    i

    pjegava

    kukuta,

    biljka

    iji

    je

    otrov

    morao

    popitituvenigrtkifilozof

    okrat

    akon

    Sto

    e

    osuden

    na

    smrt

    u 4.

    st.

    pr.

    Kr.

    Ukupno

    e

    utvrdeno

    7

    razliiitih

    biljnih

    svojti.

    Medu

    Zivotinjskim

    stacima

    ajlo

    se krupnih

    sitnih

    preZivada

    govedo,ovca,

    svinja),

    tica

    riba

    e

    mnogo

    manje,

    brojne

    su ljuSture

    amenicaostrea

    dulis),

    agnji

    (mytilus

    galloprovincialis),

    unjki

    (arca

    noae),

    a osobito

    bodljikavih

    olaka

    nurex

    brandaris),

    nemali

    je

    broj

    ljuitura

    i

    kopnenih

    puieva.

    Sve

    o

    ukazuje

    kako

    su

    mornari

    pristigli

    ovu

    luku

    z

    svih

    krajeva

    antifkogsvijeta naliuZivati delicijama

    vinu

    koje

    e

    ovaj

    kraj

    ada,

    ao

    danas,

    udio.

    Sistematiian

    pristup

    istraZivanju

    rezultirao

    e

    nalazima

    etiri

    cjelovite

    mfore

    poput

    npr.

    edne

    iju

    provenijenciju

    raZimo

    u Galiji

    (danainja

    Francuska)Sl.

    13),

    a

    Along

    with

    he

    usual

    rchaeological

    material,

    he

    remains

    were

    also

    collected

    f

    animal,

    bird,

    and

    fish

    bones,

    as well

    as

    shellfish

    nd

    snail

    hells.

    articular

    attention

    was paid

    to

    the

    analysis

    f

    the

    archaeo_

    botanical

    emains,

    hich

    resulted

    n

    some

    exceptionalinds. For the very first time,

    radish

    eeds

    have

    been

    detected

    within

    an

    archaeological

    tratum,

    lthough

    adishes

    are

    mentioned

    n

    the

    Dioscurides

    odex

    from

    60

    AD.

    n

    addition

    o numerous

    eeds

    of

    olives,

    walnuts,

    peaches,

    ucumbers,

    melons,

    igs,grapes,

    nd

    so

    forth,

    seeds

    of

    spotted

    emlock

    ere

    also

    ound,

    he

    plant

    producing

    he

    poison

    hat

    was

    drunk

    by

    he

    famousGreek hilosopher ocratesfterhe

    was

    condemned

    o

    death

    n

    4

    BC.

    A

    total

    of

    37

    different

    lant

    species

    as

    confirmed.

    The

    animal

    remains

    ncluded

    he

    bones

    of large

    and

    small

    uminantscattle,

    sheep,pigs),

    much

    fewer

    bird

    and

    fish

    bones,

    nd

    numerous

    hells

    f the

    European

    flat

    oyster

    (ostrea

    edulis),

    blue

    mussel

    (mytilus

    galloprovincialis),

    oah,s

    ark

    mollusc

    arca

    oae),

    nd

    especially

    he

    spiny

    dyemurex murex

    randaris),

    ith

    considei-

    able

    amounts

    f

    terrestrial

    nail

    shells.

    his

    shows

    hat

    the

    sailors

    who

    arrived

    n

    this

    port

    rom

    all

    over

    he

    classical

    orld

    enjoyed

    the

    local

    pecialties

    nd

    wine

    hat

    hii

    area

    has

    been

    known

    or

    both

    hen

    and

    now.

    The

    systematic

    pproach

    o

    the

    excavations

    esulted

    in

    the

    finds

    of four

    entire amphorae,

    such

    as

    one

    whose

    origins

    should

    be

    sought

    in

    Gall ia

    (present

    day

    France)

    (fi9.

    :),

    and

    another

    amphora

    from

    Greece

    is

    also

    interestingfig.lC).

    Sl.14 Kretsko

    mfora

    t . ' 2 . 5 1 .

    Fig.

    4

    -

    Creton

    amphorae

    "

    -

    2nd

    .

    zanimljiva

    je

    i

    ona

    podrijetlom

    iz Grdke

    Sl.

    14).

    Nekoliko

    oma-

    da koZe

    Sl.

    15)

    s

    ostacima

    ubova

    nije

    moguie

    51. 3 Galska

    mfora

    t .

    -

    z , 5 t .

    Fig. 13 Gallic

    amphoroe

    "

    2nd

    ,

    {t

    1 3

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

    14/20

    51.15-OstacikoZe

    Fig,15 Leather

    emoins

    toinijeopredUeliti.

    sobito

    uvrijedni

    alazi

    dijelova onopa vitka jerojatno

    eke

    biljke

    povezane

    onopiiiem

    Sl.

    6)

    li

    pak

    u Sirim

    okvirima nikatne

    letene

    oiarice

    Sl.

    7).

    Zapoteto

    e

    istraiivanje

    smjereno

    na

    probijanje

    ukobrana

    e

    bi

    li

    se

    eventu-

    alno utvrdilanjegova

    riginalna

    truktura.

    Veliki amen

    na

    kojisezasada

    ai5lo,

    koji

    su

    prekri l i

    obar

    dio materijala

    govore

    uru5ava-

    nju kamena

    od

    kojega

    je

    luko-

    branbio

    graclen.

    P r e m d a

    je

    istraZen

    tek

    neki postotak

    areala perativne

    obale

    moie

    se

    kazati da

    2ivot

    luke apoiinje

    tprilike redinom

    .

    st.

    n.

    Kr.

    te da uz

    vi5e-manje

    sti

    ntenzitet

    rajedo

    kraja3. st. n. Kr.

    Za sada

    samo

    edna,

    ali

    u

    kronoloikom mislu

    rlovaZna

    litka

    djela

    (Sl. 8)pomitegranicu uboko 4.st.

    Sl. 6

    -

    Svitak

    iljnihvlakana

    ezanih

    onoptitem

    Fig.16

    Rope

    oilofo

    bound-up

    lant

    Several

    ieces

    of leather

    fi9.

    15) with

    remnants f edges annot e definedmore

    exactly.

    articularly

    aluable

    inds nclude

    part

    of a

    coil

    of

    rope,

    probably

    rom some

    plant

    ibers

    ied ogether

    ith

    wine

    fig.

    6),

    and he

    rather

    niquewoven

    basket

    fig.17).

    The

    continuing

    excavations

    re

    directed

    o

    penetrating

    he

    breakwatern

    an

    attempt

    o

    establishts

    original

    tructure.

    The large

    stones

    that have been

    found

    to

    the

    present

    that

    covered

    a

    great

    deal

    of the mate-

    rial indicate

    hat

    the

    stones

    from

    which

    the

    break-

    water

    was

    constr-

    ucted

    ollapsedt

    some

    oint.

    Although

    only a

    small

    percentage

    of the

    areaof the

    active

    arbor

    avebeen

    nvestigated,

    t can

    be

    said hat

    the lifeof

    the harbor

    began n

    approximately

    he middle

    f the 1st

    century

    AD,

    and

    continued

    with

    more

    or less he

    same

    ntensity

    o the

    endof

    the 3rdcentury

    AD. So ar, onlyone tem,a shallow owl

    very

    mportant

    n

    the chronological

    ense

    Sl. 7

    -

    Pletena

    oiarico

    premazano

    molom

    Fig.

    17 Wicker

    asket mearcd

    ith

    pitch

    t'

    1 4

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

    15/20

    Sl. 8

    -

    Plitka

    zdjela

    z sjevernoafriikih

    adionica

    Fig.18 Shollow

    owl

    rom

    North

    Africon

    workshops

    Nedaleka

    rkva

    Sv.Andrije

    z

    6. st.

    nastala

    a emeljima

    ekog

    anijeg

    bjekta

    govori

    kako

    su

    se dogaClanja

    a

    ovom

    prostoru

    astavila

    nakon

    5to

    e

    luka,

    arem

    u svom

    prvobitnom

    obliku

    i

    namjeri,

    prestala gzistirati.

    (fig.

    18),

    as

    moved

    he

    date

    deep

    nto he

    4th

    century.

    The

    nearby

    church

    of St.

    Andrew

    from

    the

    6th

    century,

    uilt

    on

    the founda-

    tions

    of

    some

    arlier tructure,

    how

    how

    ife

    continued

    n

    thisarea venafter he harbor

    ceased

    o

    exist,

    t least n

    its

    original

    orm

    and

    purpose.

    t'

    1 5

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

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    Literatura:

    s.

    BAToue,

    Nin

    problemi

    rheotoikih

    stroiivanja

    prapovijest)

    ,Zadar,1968,7-33.

    Z. BRUSIC,

    straZivanje

    ntiike

    luke kod

    Nina,

    Diadora

    , Zadar,

    1968,2O3

    209.(Riassunto-Le

    ricerche ell'anticaorto

    presso

    in)

    Z. BRUSfC,ezultati odvodnihstraZivanjaNinu,Mornaritkiglasnrk,omorska

    biblioteka,

    v.

    2, Beograd,

    969,

    1

    5-122,

    Z. BRUSIC,t

    Kremenjata,Zaton

    od

    Nina

    podmorska

    straZivanja

    stataka

    ntiike uke

    stare

    Enone, rheoloiki

    regled,21,

    eograd,

    980,

    12-1'l4.

    Z.

    BRUSIC,ellenistic

    nd

    Roman

    Relief

    ottery

    n

    Liburnia

    North-East

    driatic,

    roatia),

    AR

    lnternational

    eries

    17,1999.

    Z. BRUSICM. DOMIJAN,iburnianBoats TheirConstruction nd Form,BARnternational,

    Series

    7

    6, 1

    985,

    67

    85.

    E.FOUACHE

    S.

    FAIVRE

    S.GLUSEEVIC

    V.

    KOVACIC

    F.TASSAUX

    J.J. DUFAURE,

    volution

    of the

    Croatian

    hore ine

    between

    Porei

    and

    Split

    over

    he

    past

    2000years,

    rchaeologia

    oritima

    Mediterranea,

    /2005,

    Roma

    2006,

    11

    5-134

    s.

    GLUSCEMC,

    ntitka

    uka

    u Zatonu

    kod

    Nina,

    obovijestiHAD-a,

    od.

    XVl,1,zagreb,.t9g4,

    ' t7-18.

    S.GLUSe Vf

    Zaton

    atZadar Roman

    arbour,

    crhaeological

    eport,26,Ljubljana,

    9g5,131-

    132.

    S.GLUSCEV|C,Zaton,

    ntiika

    uka

    nastavak

    straZivanja,

    bavijestiHAD-a,

    od.

    XVll,

    br.3,

    Zagreb,1986,46-47.

    S.

    GLUSCEVIC,

    eki

    oblicistaklenog

    aterijala

    z

    antitke

    uke

    u Zatonu raj

    Zadra

    Arheoloiki

    vestnik,

    r.37, Ljubljana,

    986,255-277.

    Summary

    Some

    orms

    of

    glass

    material

    rom

    he

    Roman arbour

    f Zatonnear

    Zadar).

    s. GLUSCMC,

    adenje

    ntitkog

    broda z

    Zatona,

    bavijestiHAD-a,

    od.

    XtX,

    br.3,zagreb,19g7,

    43

    44

    Zusamme

    fass

    n

    g).

    5.

    GLUSCEVIC,

    vadratiine

    taklene

    oce

    s

    peiatom

    z rimske

    uke

    u Zatonu,

    Diadora,

    v. 13,

    2adar,1991,144-163.

    Riassunto

    Botiglie

    n vetroquadrate

    on sigillo

    al

    porto

    romano

    i

    Zaton).

    S.

    GLUSCVIC,

    taklene

    aie s udubljenjima

    z rimske

    uke

    u

    Zaton

    , Diadora,

    v.16-1

    , Zadar,

    1994-1995,221-242.

    Abstract

    Glass eakers ith hollowsrom Roman arbour t Zaton;

    Riassunto-

    bicchieri

    n vetro

    con

    depressioni

    al

    porto

    omano

    i Zaton)

    tt

    1 6

  • 7/25/2019 S. Gluevi - Antika luka u Zatonu

    17/20

    S.

    GLUSCEMC,idroarheoloiko

    straZivanje

    nalaz

    re(eg

    iburnskog

    rodau antidkojuci

    u

    ZatonukodZadra,

    Obavijesti

    AD-a,

    od.

    XXXIV,

    ,Zagreb

    2002,76-96.

    Summary)

    S. GLUSCEV|C,Taton

    003

    -

    nastavak

    straZivanja

    ntiike

    luke

    iliburnske

    serilie, Obavijesti

    H

    AD a,

    god.

    XXXV,

    , Zagreb,

    2004,

    104-1 1

    (Su

    m

    ma y)

    S.

    GLUSeVIC, ydroarchaeological

    xcavation

    nd

    he discovery

    f the

    hird

    )sewn>

    iburnian

    ship

    seriliae-

    n

    the roman

    port

    of Zaton near

    Zadar,

    Archaeologia

    oritima

    Mediteranea,

    oJ

    Roma

    004,41-52.

    S.

    GIUSeEVIC,

    iburnske

    erilie

    starohrvatski

    rodovi z

    Nina,

    Leksikon

    AD-a,

    ,l00lokaliteta

    hrvatske rheologijei

    odar

    2006.

    s. GLUSC

    Vc

    Ancient

    arbourn

    Zaton

    catalogue

    f

    photo

    exhibition,

    adar

    2007.

    5.

    GLUSe VICAncient

    ort-findings,

    xhibition

    f

    ortifacts-

    Zadar

    200g.

    S.GLUSCEVIC,odmorsko

    straiivanje

    ntiike

    uke

    u Zatonu

    2006.

    godine,

    Hrvatski

    rheotoiki

    godi

    njak, 3

    2006,

    Zagreb

    2008,

    str.358-36

    S.GLUSCEVIC,astavak

    odmorskog

    straZivanja

    ntiike uke

    u

    Zatonu

    u

    2007

    godini,

    Hrvatski

    orheoloiki

    godiSnjak,

    /2007,

    Zagreb

    2009

    in

    print).

    s.

    GLUSeEVIC

    A. PYDYN,

    Archeologiczne

    adania

    podwodne

    antycznego

    ortu

    Zaton

    w

    irodkowej Chorwaciji, 011.

    B.

    LAKOVAC,

    rbanizacija

    ntiike Enone

    Aenona)

    rimsko

    pristaniSte

    Kremenjaia>.

    adovi

    Filozofskog

    akulteta

    Zadru,

    Razdio

    ovijesnih

    nanosti

    22,7adar,

    gg7,

    B3-':OO.

    Summary

    Urbanizationf theancient

    enona

    ndRoman

    ort

    Kremenjaia).

    B. ILAKOVAC,iburnska

    rimska

    Aenona

    Nin),

    Radovl

    ilozofskog

    akutteta

    Zodru,

    Razdio

    povijesnih

    nanosti

    4.Zadar,1999,

    tt.1-13.

    Summary

    Liburnian

    ndRoman

    enona

    Nin).

    M. KRzMAN,Ant ka svj do a n stv o tst , pula Rijeka,97g.,201-204

    M.SUfC,

    Nin

    problemiarheotoikih

    stra1ivanja

    antika),Zadar

    96g,35-52.

    tt

    1 7

    svEuarx,lsrua

    I

    I{I{JTZI{TCA

    i

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    Katalog

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    Cataloguessued

    n

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    Exhibitionayout:

    dr.sc./Ph.d.miljanGluiievii, Neven

    Stojakovii,

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    employers f Archaeological

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    I

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    902.034(4975

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    Tadar ArheoloS[i

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    rheologiju,20l

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    18str.:

    lustr. bojama

    24

    cm

    Bibliografija:

    tr.16-17.

    lsBN978-953-7

    84-1 -s

    131201021

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    K N J I Z N I C A