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sense organ -eye Dr. Danling xu

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sense organ -eye. Dr. Danling xu. 感觉冲动产生两个要素:感受器+适宜刺激. Eye is the window of the soul !. >95% information Lovely language. Ant. 视轴. 眼轴. visual axis. Optic axis. 赤道. medial. equator. 眼球水平切面. 近球形,有前、 后极;赤道; 眼轴;视轴。. lateral. Post. 眼矢状切面. Wall of Eyeball. eyeball 眼球的组成. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: sense organ -eye

sense organ-eye

Dr. Danling xu

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感觉冲动产生两个要素:感受器+适宜刺激

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>95% information Lovely language

Eye is the window of the soul !

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equator

赤道

Optic axis视轴 眼轴visual axis

medial

眼球水平切面 眼矢状切面

近球形,有前、后极;赤道;眼轴;视轴。

lateral

Ant.

Post.

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Wall of Eyeball

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eyeball眼球的组成

wall

contents

Fibrous Tunic 纤维膜(outer layer) 外膜

Vascular Tunic 血管膜(middle layer) 中膜

Nervous Tunic 视网膜(inner layer) 内膜

角膜 cornea

巩膜 sclera

虹膜 iris

睫状体 ciliary body

脉络膜 choroid

虹膜部 iridial part

睫状体部 ciliary part

视部 optic part

房水 aqueous humor

晶状体 lens

玻璃体 vitrum

盲部 blind part

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视神经盘(乳头):节细胞的轴突在视网膜后部集结成束,形成的圆盘状隆起。在巩膜筛板处穿眼球后壁,形成视神经。此处无感光细胞,故称颞侧生理盲点。有血管穿行

黄斑:在视网膜上,位于视神经盘颞侧约 0.35cm 处的黄色小区。

中央凹:是黄斑中央的凹陷,感光细胞集聚处,是视力最敏锐的地方,形成中心视力。

临床 : 眼底病变,炎症 , 视神经盘水肿,视网膜剥离。

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颞侧 颞鼻

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视细胞双极细胞节细胞

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Contents of Intraocular

房 水 aqueous humor

晶状体 lens

玻璃体 vitreous body

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眼球房:位于角膜、晶状体、睫状小带和睫状体之间的空隙,被虹膜分为眼球前房和眼球后房,两房借瞳孔相通。

房水:位于眼球房内的无色透明液体。有折光作用和营养角膜、晶状体及维持眼内压的作用。

循环途径: Continuously produced by ciliary body 睫状体(产生) Flows from poster

ior chamberinto anterior through the pupil 眼球前房后房通过瞳孔 at junction of cornea & sclera Scleral venous sinus 巩膜静脉窦 眼静脉 ophathalmic v

房 antrum and 房水 aqueous humor眼房,透明。眼内压 , 屈光 , 营养 , 房水循环,青光眼。

Glaucoma 青光眼increased intraocular pressure that could produce blindness problem with drainage of aqueous humor

循环 : 睫状体 - 后房 - 瞳孔 - 前房 - 虹膜角膜角 - 巩膜静脉窦 - 眼静脉。

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眼球后房

眼球前房

睫状体 ciliary body

巩膜静脉窦 venous sinus of sclera

虹膜角膜角 angulus iridocornealis

角膜 cornea

巩膜 sclera

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•Avascular 无血管和神经分布•Crystallin proteins arranged like layers in onion 晶状体囊 , 皮质 , 核

•Clear capsule & perfectly transparent 透明富弹性

•Lens held in place by suspensory ligaments

•Focuses light on fovea 屈光 , 调节视力

晶状体 lens

位于虹膜和玻璃体之间“ 近视眼” “老花眼”“白内障”

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无色透明的胶状物,表面被覆玻璃体囊,充于晶状体与视网膜之间。有折光作用,对视网膜有支撑作用。

玻璃体 vitreous body 位置,透明,屈光,支持,视网膜剥离

玻璃体

玻璃体管

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Light from near object

Light from far away object

视近物时,瞳孔缩小,睫状肌收缩,睫状小带松弛,晶状体变厚,折光能力增强。

视远物时,瞳孔开大,睫状肌松弛,睫状小带紧张,晶状体变薄,折光能力降低。

眼的调节:晶状体、睫状肌、 瞳孔

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Visual fields

Left occipital lobe receives visual images from right side of an object through impulses from nasal 1/2 of the right eye and temporal 1/2 of the left eye

Left occipital lobe sees right 1/2 of the world

Fibers from nasal 1/2 of each retina cross in optic chiasm

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眼外肌 extraocular muscle

内直肌

上直肌

下直肌

外直肌

下斜肌

上斜肌

眼外肌的作用

眼球外肌 上直肌 ---- 上内方 直肌: 下直肌 ---- 下内方 内直肌 ---- 内侧 外直肌 ---- 外侧斜肌: 上斜肌 ---- 下外侧 下斜肌 ---- 上外侧睑肌:上睑提肌 ---- 提上睑,开大睑裂。

四条直肌,两条斜肌,一条提上睑肌

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