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المؤشراتCost of Living Index 2017 September

September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

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Page 1: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

المؤشرات

Cost of Living Index

2017September

Page 2: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

Cost of Living Index

Contents

S.N tcejbuS

1 Preface

2 The methodology for the cost of living index

3 The main features of the movements of the of cost of living index

4 seebbT

Page 3: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

Cost of Living Index

Preface

Price and index numbers statistics is considered as important economic statistics

associated with the daily lives of individuals. It provides the necessary information to

identify the general trend of price movement through the construction of its index

numbers.

The General Authority for Statistics has began to publishing the price and index numbers

of the cost of living bulletins since more than 50 years ago, to provide data on consumer

prices. Prices data is collected from 16 major cities of which 13 represent the centers of

administrative regions as follows: (Riyadh, Makkah, Madinah, Buraydah, Dammam, Abha,

Tabuk, Hail, Arar, Jazan, Najran, Baha, Sakaka) in addition of three cities, namely, (Jeddah,

Taif, Hofuf), based on the components of the consumer basket of goods and services

derived from 2007 household expenditure & income survey to provide monthly data, and

time series for data on index number of the cost of living for the purpose of making

comparisons and getting acknowledgment of price developments over time.

The General Authority for Statistics makes the necessary updates on its programs from

time to time by reviewing the components of the consumer basket and updating the

outlets of goods and services, in addition of a whole updating for the cost of living index

number in terms of the frame and components of the consumer basket, methodology,

technique of field and office work as well as the calculation of index numbers. In the light

of that, the new basket of goods included (476) goods and services in 2007.

The General Authority for Statistics is pleased to issue this bulletin on its new form to

researchers, planners, research centers and all those interested in economic affairs, hoping

that the data that will be provided by it on a regular basis would be helpful to them.

General Authority for Statistics encourage users to provide us with their comments and

suggestions in order to make the necessary improvements in our work. Statistical data can

also be viewed through the General Authority for Statistics web site (WWW.STATS.GOV.SA)

. General Authority for Statistics

Price & Indexes Statistics Fax: (4014138 # 1196) P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa

Page 4: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

Cost of Living Index

Methodology

Description

The General Authority for Statistics collecting data on consumer prices in order to build its

index numbers to identify the extent of the cost of living change. Given the extreme

importance of this data, an integrated system has been developed to cover all aspects in

terms of the selection of goods and services, methods of prices collection and their

verification as well as the index numbers calculation, in addition to the selection of outlets

and their geographical distribution. The consumer basket is a real group of goods and

services that are monitored through the household expenditure and income survey. The

percentage distribution is extracted for consumption of goods and services within the

consumer basket to be the mainstay in the calculation of index numbers.

Objectives of the cost of living index numbers program

Prices surveys aim, in general, to provide data on consumer prices for goods and services

included in the consumer basket and provide data on index numbers of the cost of living

within a time series data.

Usually, the cost of living index numbers are used as follows:

• A statistical method to measure changes in the prices of goods and services purchased by

the consumer from time to time.

• It is widely used for measuring inflation rates and economic recession

• It is used in economic and statistical analysis of price movements and its future forecasts

through different periods of time.

• An indicator of the changes in the purchasing power of the currency.

• Also, it is used in the areas of national accounts for deriving constant price estimates.

Selection of the Goods Basket

Depending on the final results of household expenditure and income survey 2007, the

items was selected to consist the new basket of goods and services to build the cost of

living index number. Taking in mind the presentation of goods and services included the

consumer basket which mean an increasing in the sample size to be commensurate with

the volume of goods and services, which showed a relative importance equal to the

statistical limit 0.03% or greater, taking into consideration that other items of the relative

importance that have not achieved the value of the statistical limit has not been neglected,

and that was addressed by choosing the method of distribution to similar items. The total

Page 5: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

Cost of Living Index

number of selected items reached 476 goods and services. Also, the number of items for

the types of rental units rent covered by the survey has been increased to cover the four

types of units (villa, floor in a villa, apartment, and public house). Goods and services

forming the consumer basket are distributed into several main sections, sub-groups,

chapters and items. The tabulation was carried out by using the international tabulation of

the classification of individual consumption by purpose (COICOP).

Selection of sample of outlets and rental units

• Outlets and rental units, from which the prices of various goods and services collected,

had been distributed, taking in mind the geographic coverage of the Kingdom’s

administrative regions. Results of the establishment’s census have also been used in

selecting outlets, in addition to the framework of population and housing census in the

selection of leased units, which have been increased to four types (villa, a floor in a villa,

apartment, and public house).

• Distribution of outlets in Districts (district) by proportion of number of shops available in

the framework at the city level.

• Focus on specialized shops selling goods or services.

• Taking into account the type of market where the shop is located, and the relative

distribution of the selected points of sale.

• The importance of the shop type within the city so that the following should be observed:

- Table of shopping ratios obtained from the results of the household expenditure and

income survey 2007 at the city level, and took it into account when selecting a sample of

items or commodities.

- Linking the shopping ratios to type of shop

• Relative distribution of outlet by business activity of each shop: retail sale, services and other.

• Give priority to the larger volume of employment in the point of sale to ensure

sustainability.

• Drawing an alternative sample, to be used in case of unavailability of the original outlet

of sale.

Price Data Collection Price data is collected, through direct personal interviews by a team of trained

enumerators, from selected outlet and rental sale units. Address of each source is marked

to facilitate access by enumerators, taking into account the distribution of these outlets

for each city to cover all goods and services.

Page 6: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

Cost of Living Index

Data Entry Data entry process carried out after collecting from interviewers. Entry programs have

been prepared and the necessary controls prior to data entry process have also been taken.

All that are implemented via many ways as follows:

- Direct entry of the collected data, using computers available at the General Authority for

Statistics head office, branches and offices in accordance with a special program.

- Transmission of data using handheld devices.

Data editing and processing

A wide range of rules for automatic editing and processing of the data is applied according

to special analysis codes to be determined by the enumerator and field supervisor for each

process. Data revision is done through a number of phases starting from the stage of data

collection through primary and automated review of input data and review of central

analytical data to the review of data and publishing tables.

The Base Year The base year of the cost of living index numbers for the entire population has been

approved and shifted from 1999 to be 2007 where the household expenditure & income

survey was conducted.

Main expenditure division Weights

General Index

100.0

100

Food and beverage

21.7

Tobacco

0.5

Clothing and Footwear

8.4

Housing, water, Electricity ,Gas and other fuels

20.5

Furnishings, household equipment & Routine household

9.1

Health

2.6

Transport

10.4

Communication

8.1

Recreation and Culture

3.5

Education

2.7

Restaurants and hotels

5.7

Miscellaneous goods and services

6.8

Page 7: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

Cost of Living Index

Relative significance of Goods & Services (Relative Weights)

The relative significance of goods and services has been determined, based on the results

of the Household Expenditure & Income Survey 2007 which covered all regions of the

Kingdom. The relative importance of the commodity as the percentage of the share on

commodity or service out of the total expenditure of all goods and services within the

consumer basket

Calculating of price index number: After the completion of all stages of the preparation of data, collection, editing and

processing, the cost of living index number at the general level and detailed levels is

calculated. The method of Laspeyres has been adopted in calculating the index number by

using the geometric mean of prices, which using the following formula:

x P

x

j

jij

jiP

,

1

,

Where:

Pi, j: prices X the period X the source j

x: the number of outlets

The Laspeyres formula to calculate the index number is in accordance with the following formula:

Index number =

N

a

aa

aaN

a a

ai

QP

QP

P

P

1

,0,0

,0,0

1 ,.0

,

Where:

Pi, a: geometric mean of the commodity price a during the month i

P0, a: geometric mean of the commodity price a during the base year o

Q0, a: the item quantities a during the base year o (the item weight)

Data Quality To ensure the highest possible level of accuracy and quality of the field data,an integrated

and automated editing program for data quality to control the possible errors, as well as

through the adoption of a set of procedures determined by the “Price & Index Numbers

Statistics Department” at all stages of implementation of the field programs. And that has

also been taken into account in the preparation of studies and sample design for POS and

rental units, as well as when preparing the procedures of theoretical and practical training

Page 8: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

Cost of Living Index

for all field working groups and selecting a group of qualified researchers in all cities where

the program being implemented.

Among the most prominent measures taken are the following:

- Continuous monitoring of the performance of researchers through field visits by the

program’s managers and supervisors.

- Conducting field comparisons for the prices of commodities, which are randomly and

automatically selected.

- Studying reports received from the field and to respond to queries directly.

- Quality control of data entry software and transmission.

- Developing a number of automated editing rules during the process of data entry, review,

processing and publishing to identify errors and notes before the completion of debugging

and correction process.

- Quality control of programs of the index number calculation, in addition to conducting

periodic tests and comparisons.

- Treatment of the disappearance of commodities and the change of outlets.

Publishing:

Data of Cost of Living Index prices index are published according to the following

methodology:

1- Publishing the Cost of Living Index results monthly.

2- Publishing them on specified and announced dates on the authority official website.

3- The authority official website www.stats.gov.sa is a certified and official publishing

platform.

4- Providing all kinds of beneficiaries with the results using the appropriate mechanism.

Page 9: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

cost of living Index

Highlights of cost of living Index Movement (September 2017)

Monthly Change

General index of the cost of living index for the month of September 2017, compared to the previous month

(August 2017) an increase of ( 0.1%) rate. This was the result of the following changes :

Increase Percentages

Decrease Percentages

0.7

-0.1

-1.5

0.1

-0.3

0.1

-0.2 -0.1 -0.3

2.6

-0.2 -0.2

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

FOOD AND BEVERAGES TOBACCO

CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY , GAS AND OTHER FUELS

FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND MAINTENANCE HEALTH

TRANSPORT COMMUNICATION

RECREATION AND CULTURE EDUCATION

RESTAURANTS AND HOTELS MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES

monthly relative change of main sections during the month of

Sep2017 compared to Aug2017 Percent

Change

Section

2.6% EDUCATION

0.7% FOOD AND BEVERAGES

0.1%

FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD

EQUIPMENT AND MAINTENANCE

0.1% HEALTH

Percent Change Section

1.5%- CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR

-0.3%

FURNISHINGS HOUSEHOLD

EQUIPMENT AND

MAINTENANCE

-0.3% RECREATION AND CULTURE

-0.2% TRANSPORT

-0.2% RESTAURANTS AND HOTELS

-0.1% MISCELLANEOUS GOODS

AND SERVICES

-0.1% TOBACCO

-0.1% COMMUNICATION

Page 10: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

eual ChangnAn

General index of the cost of living index for the month of September 2017, compared to its counterpart from

the previous year a decrease of ( 0.1%) rate. This was the result of the following changes :

Decrease Percentages :

Increase Percentages:

SectionsUnchanged

1-Health

-1.4

100.0

-3.1 -0.3 -1.5

0.0

-1.6

1.3

-2.8

4.4

-0.9

1.0

-20.0

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

FOOD AND BEVERAGES TOBACCO

CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRI-CITY , GAS AND OTHER FUELS

FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND MAINTENANCE HEALTH

TRANSPORT COMMUNICATION

RECREATION AND CULTURE EDUCATION

RESTAURANTS AND HOTELS MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES

Annual changes relative to the main sections through

Sep2017 compared to Sep2016

Percent

Change Section

-3.1% CLOTHING AND

FOOTWEAR

-2.8% RECREATION AND

CULTURE

-1.6% TRANSPORT

-1.5%

FURNISHINGS,

HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT

AND MAINTENANCE

-1.4% FOOD AND BEVERAGES

-0.9% RESTAURANTS AND

HOTELS

-0.3%

HOUSING,WATER,ELECTRI

CITY,GAS AND OTHER

FUELS

Percent

Change Section

100% TOBACCO

4.4% EDUCATION

1.3% COMMUNICATION

1.0% MISCELLANEOUS GOODS

AND SERVICES

Page 11: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

Tables

Page 12: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

2007=100

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123 42567 67 67 123 425������ 89�:; <�=> ������ 89�:; <�=> ������

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67 2017

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OPDNQRGLFGECDDNSIFK

QDTMRGLUSFNIKUIPIONKRVORNWULFMFGEDNQIKCTIPMCTKGRMQRGLMUQDTMIQDPEIXTRYZIGNFGEZFRGNIGFGOIQIFPNQ

NKFGMYDKN

ODZZTGROFNRDG

KIOKIFNRDGFGEOTPNTKI

IETOFNRDG

KIMNFTKFGNMFGEQDNIPM

ZRMOIPPFGIDTMLDDEMFGEMIKJROIM

137.8

145

399.6

110.7

176.8

133

123.6

120.2

97.2

116

128

123.9

126.3

137.7

144

399.9

112.4

176.7

133.4

123.5

120.5

97.3

116.4

124.8

124.2

126.6

137.5

143.7

348.5

111.5

177.5

133.9

123.3

121.2

97.2

116.7

124.8

124.2

125.7

137.9

147.1

199.8

114.3

177.4

135

123.6

122.1

96

119.3

122.6

125

125

0.1

0.7

-0.1

-1.5

0.1

-0.3

0.1

-0.2

-0.1

-0.3

2.6

-0.2

-0.2

0.2

0.9

14.7

-0.7

-0.4

-0.7

0.2

-0.8

0.0

-0.6

2.6

-0.2

0.5

-0.1

-1.4

100.0

-3.1

-0.3

-1.5

0.0

-1.6

1.3

-2.8

4.4

-0.9

1.0

A IJK�L(ME! 1

�N��O������;

��PPPPPPPPPP��P��������PPPPPPPPP����F$G!H�5Q,M!"0

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+*"�W(.$-./.0.*$0

- ( 1 )

Page 13: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

���������������� ��2007=100

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4��-/I����JPQQRSTRUVWVXSYVZPQQRUVWVXSYVZ[QUS\\Q[QUS\\Q\]Q[^_TYSTRPQQ[`VSX\]Q[^_TYPQQ[`VSX^QaZ_TYb`S[VXbV]V\[X_c\_[dbYSZSTRQ[^VXPaV]ZXVT[S]ZPQX^QaZ_TYeS_[VTST\VQP[^VRV`V]]_TY`S[VXZaff]dgQ[^VXZVXW_\VZV]V\[X_\_[dbYSZSTRQ[^VXPaV]ZPaXT_Z^_TYZb^QaZV^Q]RVha_feVT[STReS_T[VTST\VPaXT_[aXVg\SXfV[Z^QaZV^Q]R[Vi[_]VZ^QaZV^Q]RSff]_ST\VZ^QaZV^Q]Ra[VTZ_]Z[QQ]ZPQX^QaZVgYSXRVTYQQRZPQX^QaZV^Q]ReS_T[VTST\V^VS][^eVR_\S]fXQRa\[ZgVha_feVT[Qa[fS[_VT[ZVXW_\VZ^QZf_[S]ZVXW_\VZ[XSTZfQX[faX\^SZVQPWV^_\]VZQfVXS[_QTQP[XSTZfQX[Vha_feVT[[XSTZfQX[ZVXW_\VZ\QeeaT_\S[_QTfQZ[S]ZVXW_\VZ[V]Vf^QTVSTR[V]VPSiVha_feVT[[V]Vf^QTVSTR[V]VPSiZVXW_\VZXV\XVS[_QTSTR\a][aXVSaR_Qbf^Q[Qg_TPQjVha_feVT[Q[^VXXV\XVS[_QTg\a][aXVYQQRZQ[^VXXV\XVS[_QTS]YQQRZXV\XVS[_QTS]g\a][aXS]ZVXW_\VZTV`ZfSfVXZbUQQkZgZ[S[_QTVXdfS\kSYV^Q]_RSdZ

137.8 145.0

145.7

137.1

399.6

399.6

110.7

111.6

104.9

176.8

188.6

134.3

220.8

113.8

133.0

109.7

132.8

119.4

123.0

140.2

174.6

123.6

112.3

123.9

142.9

120.2

91.0

143.8

154.9

97.2

99.2

86.1

99.6

116.0

72.8

164.3

113.5

112.7

102.0

155.7

137.7 144.0

144.6

136.6

399.9

399.9

112.4

113.1

107.7

176.7

188.5

134.3

220.8

113.7

133.4

109.9

134.6

120.1

123.4

140.4

174.8

123.5

112.1

123.9

142.9

120.5

90.8

143.9

158.1

97.3

99.2

86.9

99.6

116.4

73.4

164.3

113.5

114.2

101.9

155.7

137.5 143.7

144.5

133.7

348.5

348.5

111.5

112.4

105.2

177.5

189.5

134.1

221.2

113.4

133.9

110.7

136.1

120.8

123.5

136.6

174.8

123.3

112.1

123.6

142.6

121.2

91.9

143.3

163.0

97.2

99.2

85.8

99.7

116.7

72.0

157.1

123.9

110.0

102.0

150.0

137.9 147.1

149.0

125.7

199.8

199.8

114.3

115.5

106.9

177.4

188.8

139.6

222.8

113.5

135.0

114.6

136.6

123.3

127.6

133.0

171.1

123.6

114.4

122.8

141.7

122.1

91.8

145.2

163.8

96.0

99.2

79.0

99.7

119.3

74.8

148.0

122.5

119.6

102.4

153.3

0.1 0.7

0.8

0.4

-0.1

-0.1

-1.5

-1.3

-2.6

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.1

-0.3

-0.2

-1.3

-0.6

-0.3

-0.1

-0.1

0.1

0.2

0.0

0.0

-0.2

0.2

-0.1

-2.0

-0.1

0.0

-0.9

0.0

-0.3

-0.8

0.0

0.0

-1.3

0.1

0.0

0.2 0.9

0.8

2.5

14.7

14.7

-0.7

-0.7

-0.3

-0.4

-0.5

0.1

-0.2

0.4

-0.7

-0.9

-2.4

-1.2

-0.4

2.6

-0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

-0.8

-1.0

0.3

-5.0

0.0

0.0

0.3

-0.1

-0.6

1.1

4.6

-8.4

2.5

0.0

3.8

-0.1-1.4

-2.2

9.1

100.0

100.0

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Page 31: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority

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Page 32: September 2017 - الهيئة العامة للإحصاء...P.O. 3735 Riyadh 11481 E-mail : Info @ stats.gov.sa . Cost of Living Index Methodology Description The General Authority