Sesion 05 Conversión de Energia Eolica (Teoria)

7/25/2019 Sesion 05 Conversin de Energia Eolica (Teoria)

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Aerodinmica de los aerogeneradores


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Aerodinmica de los aerogeneradores Forma ptima de las palas de rotor

La potencia mecnica, capturada por el rotor del viento est influenciada por laforma geomtrica de las palas del rotor. Se debe determinar la forma aerodinmicaptima de la pala para la mxima extraccin de potencia y el correcto desempeodel sistema de conversin de energa elica.

Con ciertas simplificaciones, principalmente por despreciar el arrastre y prdidasde vrtice de punta, una frmula matemtica que puede ser resueltaanalticamente permite obtener la distribucin aerodinmicamente ptima de la

cuerda a lo largo de la pala.



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Power Control by Rotor Blade Pitching



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Aerodinmica de los aerogeneradores Passive Stall Control with Fixed Blade Pitch

Without adjustment of the rotor pitch angle, aerodynamic stall will occur withincreasing wind velocity and with the tangential velocity of the rotor kept constant.



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Aerodinmica de los aerogeneradores Active Stall Control

The rotor blades are adjusted in operation over their entire length and in each casea matching blade pitch angle is selected for different levels of wind speed, takinginto consideration changes in air density (i. e. summer and winter operation) anddifferent surface qualities of the rotor blades (soiling). At extreme wind velocities,the rotor blades are placed into their stand-still position and turned with theirtrailing edge forward into the wind to reduce the wind load



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e od ca de os ae oge e ado es The Rotor Wake

The reduced mean flow velocity in the wake of the rotor reduces the energyoutput of the subsequent wind turbines. The turbulence in the rotor wake, which is unavoidably increased, also increasesthe turbulence loading on the downwind turbines, with correspondingconsequences for the fatigue strength of these turbines. On the other hand, theirsteady-state load level is reduced due to the decrease in the mean upwind velocity. Under poor conditions, the influence of the rotor wake can affect the blade pitchangle control of the relevant turbines in an undesirable way.



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Sesion 05 Conversión de Energia Eolica (Teoria)