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200210318 영영영영영영 영영영 200410106 영영영영영영 영영영 200410304 영영영영영영 영영영 200510315 영영영영영영 영영영 200510011 영영영영영영 영영영 200610011 영영영영영영 영영영 Shakespear's Expositions

Shakespear's Expositions

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Shakespear's Expositions. 200210318 영어영문학과 차성인 200410106 영어영문학과 나건우 200410304 영어영문학과 지윤호 200510315 영어영문학과 이준희 200510011 영어영문학과 이지현 200610011 영어영문학과 김지연. Contents. Shakespeare’s Expositions “The Comedy of Errors” “Hamlet” “Cymbeline” “King Lear” “Antony and Cleopatra” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Shakespear's  Expositions

200210318 영어영문학과 차성인200410106 영어영문학과 나건우200410304 영어영문학과 지윤호200510315 영어영문학과 이준희200510011 영어영문학과 이지현200610011 영어영문학과 김지연

Shakespear's Expositions

Page 2: Shakespear's  Expositions

Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

Contents1.Shakespeare’s Expositions2.“The Comedy of Errors”3.“Hamlet”4.“Cymbeline”5.“King Lear”6.“Antony and Cleopatra”7.Conclusion

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

Opening Scene• Crucial for responses from the audi-ence.

• Must catch the attention of specta-tors.

• Acquaint any information necessary for

understanding what is to follow. ex) no dipping light’s help

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Relationship

• Relationship between play and audience is

variable – in a mediaeval morality play.

• The cast may mingle with the specta-tors

dissolving fictional and real world boundary be inviting participation in events - in ori-ental drama

• The actor may remain remote from the onlooker,

enforcing the distance between art and life by highly formal mode of expression.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Exposition

• It is geared to the nature of the play.• It determines the stance of audience to-

wards the action that ensue. The way in which Shakespeare sets his drama in motion may be seen as one of the most useful ways of approaching the play.

• Dialogue, description, etc.. That gives audiences

or readers the background of characters and the present situation.• Determines the mode of the ensuing ac-

tion.• It is most readily overlooked by specta-

tors

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions “The Comedy of Errors”

“The Comedy of Errors” is one of William Shake-speare’s earliest plays.

It is believed to have been written between 1589 and 1594.

It is his shortest and one of his most farcical, with a major part of the humor coming from slapstick and mistaken identity, in addi-tion to puns and wordplay.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

“Comedy of Errors” opens with a spectacle.

(The Duke of Ephesus, accompanied by his attendants, enters with a jailor and a captive merchant)

Egeon who is a captive merchant start saying.

Proceed, Solinus, to procure my fall And by the doom of death end woes and

all

Opening

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

The speech conveys information to the audience.

With the information served , the reader or spectator is able to deduce the relationship between the drama-tis personae.

The exposition ensure that the audi-ences are free to laugh at charac-ter’s misapprehensions.

Effects of the exposition

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

The exposition through a spectacle has a strong point of which spectators can enjoy the play with a pre-history re-lated to characters.

On the other hand ,Because of the in-formation, it is possible that the audi-ences can’t fully pay attention to the play

Conclusion of “The Comedy of Errors”

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions “Hamlet”

• “Henry” is one of Shake-speare’s most popular plays.

• It is believed to have been written between 1599~1601.

• There are three versions of Hamlet – First Quarto, Sec-ond Quarto and First Folio.

• It is his longest and among the powerful and influential tragedies in the English Language .

• It is known to be based on the legend of Amleth.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions The place of audience

• Audience places equality position with

dramatis persona.• Audience can only guess the point of

play by speech, acting and atmosphere in the play.• It is called “Uncertainty”.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

• Hamlet’s opening scene. Two men challenging one other. They only

inquire question in darkness. That lead to tension and fearful.

☞ uncertainty of condition.

• Banardo’s explanation about “Ghost” scene. Banardo doesn’t keep to explain about

“Ghost” After all, audience doesn’t get any informa-

tion ☞ uncertainty of information.

Employment of “Uncer-tainty”

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

Good point of UncertaintyIt is immersed to audienceWhy? They can understand that concentrate their attention on play It can remains strong aftertaste and impressionWeak point of UncertaintyAudience might get a understanding to drama-

tist’s intention After all, audience might get a false conclusion.

Good & Weak Points of “Uncer-tainty”

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

• It is Shakespeare's 2nd Romance -Theme of innocence and jeal-

ousy -Similar plot with “King Lear”• Three stories based on several

sources. - Belarius and two princes :

from the play ‘The Rore Triumphs

of Love and Fortune’. - Imogen’s virtue : from ‘De-

cameron’ - Cymbeline and the war : from ‘Chronicle of England’.

“Cymbeline”

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Opening

• Cymbeline opens with a conversation between two gentlemen.

- Gives information of Posthumus and the disap-pearance of

Cymbeline's sons - Alludes to the vanishment of the King’s daughter. - No names, No personalities, No motives. - Informs the audience then disappears from the

stage.• First Gentleman - Supposed to be a Courtier - Talkative, but offers no particular view or opinion• Second Gentleman - In higher state than the first gentleman - Absolutely ignorant about the play world.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

Form Remote-ness• Blank Verse

• Elevated Style (far from

daily speech)• Series of Dependent Clauses and long Parentheses• Break the conven-

tional word order• Functional shift

• Non-Naturalistic Nature (di-alogue)

- Use forms that is far from natural speech• Fairy – tale Nature (play) - Do not convince the audi-ence of the credibility of the play - Black-and-white terms -> the Queen’s son: Bad -> Posthumus: Good - Simple, conclusive expla-nation (without a doubt).

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

Traditional Role rather than Personal Character

• Imogen : Embodiment of

wifely devotion and fertility ▣ Just as King’s daughter, victim of a stepmother’s ambition. Frustrating Audience Involve-ment• Let audience remain in subject

stance• With the Parenthesis, alert audi-

ence directly (57-8)

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions “King Lear”

• One of the Shakespeare’s Four Major Tragedies.

• Written in 1605, published in 1608

• Based of the legend of Leir of Britain,

a Mythological pre-Roman King.• It is a tragedy of anger• It is about Lear’s vanity, blind-

ness, conflict between genera-tions, love, jealousy, betrayal and humor

• The Plot : Conflicts of King Lear

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Opening

• The features of exposition : different type of dramatic structure in which undepicted (pre-sented) plots elements are conveyed in dia-logue, description, flashback or narrative

• “King Lear” opens the play with conversation of two men.

• Similar style of openings with “Cymbeline” and “Antony and Cleopatra”.

• The two men’s questions & answers are di-rected to one another.

• Spectators are in the position of uninformed third party.

• The conversation allows spectators to guess.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Text

[kent] :I thought the king had more affected the Duke of

Albany than Cornwall.[Glou] : It did always seem so to us: but now, in the di-

vision of the kingdom, it appears not which of the dukes he values most; for equalities are so weighed, that curiosity in neither can make choice of either's moiety.

• Lear’s division of the kingdom• Possible discrepancy (contradiction) Kent said “I thought the king had

more affected the Duke of Albany than Cornwall” Gloucester said “It did always seem so to us …”

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Text

• Allowing the silent member to be iden-tified: [kent] : Is not this your son, my lord?

• Recognizing a social standing: [kent] : Is not this your son, my Lord?,... [Glou] : My Lord of Kent: remember him

hereafter..• Showing morality of the age: [kent] : I cannot wish the fault undone, the

issue of it being so proper.• Difference between appearance and re-

ality

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Conclusion of “King Lear”

• Function of the expository speeches of Lear : -to make the incredible credible -to diminish the distance between the play

world and actuality. -to convey information to the audience -to root Lear’s irrationality in plausible dra-

matic universe. -it places the reader or spectator to the events

that are to be enacted.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions “Antony and Cleopatra”

• Best known later tragedy.• Written around 1607.• Portrays actual events & persons from Roman history.• Love story of main characters embodied.• Involved Play - Rapid shift between back-

ground scenes : creates dramatic ten-

sion and reinforce global scope of

the play.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Opening

• It opens with conversation between two men ;

similar information disclosure method as Cymbeline.

• It presents two images of Antony and one of Cleopatra

- Antony : Mars (god of war) & general man

- Cleopatra : Tawny, gypsy, strumpet ☞ predisposes the spectators view of

play’s central figure from speaker’s point of view.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

The Play• It uses metaphor language, figurative lan-

guage and personification • It shows a great deal of imagery.• Shakespeare portrays the two lovers in or-

der to invite spectators to consider : two lovers may be leaders of their world, how-ever, they are human being that has feel-ings of jealousy, love, shame and insecurity. (Despite their historical grandeur, Antony and Cleopatra are no more – no less – ex-traordinary than spectators.)

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Conclusion

• “The Comedy of Errors” & “Hamlet” - Demonstrates the variety of ways in

which Shakespeare sets his plays in motion - The role played by the exposition in

determining the mode of ensuing action.• “Cymbeline”, ”King Lear” & “Antony and

Cleopatra” - Starts with a conversation between

two men designed to communicate information

to those outside the play world. - Three plays are similar but differ re-

markably in the relationship between play and

spectator.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Conclusion

-Lear invites the members of the audi-ence to

make deductions about character and motive

-Cymbeline frustrates audience in-volvement

and draw attention to the archetypal pattern

-Antony and Cleopatra calls the spectator’s

judgment into the play• The opening scenes discussed in this

chapter can’t be seen as a paradigm for Shakespearian drama as a whole.

• No formula can be adduced that will apply to every composition.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions Conclusion

• These expositions do illustrate some lines of enquiry such as;

-How information is communicated to the au-dience?

-In what ways the pre-history of the action in unfolded? … etc…

• Opening Scenes of Play -Do not simply convey facts to the audience -The communication of information is obvi-

ously an important aspect of their function. -Manipulate the spectator into a particular re-

lationship to the ensuing action. -Dictate a mood or atmosphere -Determine the mode in which the drama

evolves

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

Conclusion• Study of the opening scene of a

Shakespearian play can cast light upon the meaning of the whole while affording the reader and insight into the diversity of Shakespeare’s struc-tures.

• Shakespeare’s expositions may be seen as the gate-way to the highly rewarding way of approaching the plays.

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Shakespeare’s Exposi-tions

The End…