Soil Bloks

7/25/2019 Soil Bloks

1/22

CompressedCompressedStabilized EarthStabilized Earth

blocksblocks


2/22

Why alternative buildingWhy alternative buildingmaterials?materials?

High demand for housing

Increased use of conventionalbuilding materials

Over-exploitation of natural

resources such as sand, clay andtimber


3/22

Environmental problems due toEnvironmental problems due toextensive use of conventional buildingextensive use of conventional building

materialsmaterials

lay mining has led to !! lo"ering of "ater table! #egradation of fertility! $reeding of mos%uitoes

&and mining has led to! &alt "ater intrusion! 'oss of lands to ever-"idening rivers

oral mining has resulted! oastal erosion

Extensive timber usage! #iminishing forest cover


4/22

(lternative building materials and(lternative building materials andstructural systems understructural systems under

discussiondiscussion

ement stabilised soil bloc)s as a

"alling material

*recast reinforced concrete slab

system


5/22

ement stabilised soil bloc)sement stabilised soil bloc)s

+anufacturing

!&oil used ! laterite soil gravel, sand,silt and clay

!&trength increase by stabilising


6/22

&tabilisation&tabilisation

Soil stabilisation

Physical stabilisationBy sieving the soil Mechanical stabilisationBy compaction Chemical stabilisationBy adding a chemical agent


7/22

$loc) si.es used$loc) si.es used

/01 mm x /01 mm x 21 mm ! loadbearing "alls

/21 mm x 301 mm x 21 mm ! &ingle

storey or non- load bearing "alls $loc) height ! indicates the compaction

effort

ompaction effort ! depends on bloc)

ma)ing machine! inva !ram4 356

! (uram *ress 71114 358- 352

! Hydraulically operated machines4 359 or more


8/22

Block making machine Auram Press 3000


9/22

&trength characteristics&trength characteristics

ompressive strength of bloc)s

ompressive strength of "all panels

$ending strength of bloc)s

for %uality controlling purposes


10/22

Wall panel casting


11/22

Wall panels used for testing


12/22

Wall panel testing


13/22

Panel strength vs. block strength for different percentages of cement with cured

290 mm x 140 mm x 90 mm blocks (2 da! strengths"

Fines%

Cement%

Averagecompressivestrength of

blocks(N/mm2)

Averagecompressive

strength of panels

(N/mm2

)

Characteristiccompressive

strength of panels

(N/mm2

)

Compressive

stress at

1st

crackN/mm2

AverageBendingstrength

of blocksN/mm2

2 2!"#

1$"2$!&$1'!$

1$2$&"!1$11

1$'!'

1$'$#$&1"1$2#

1$$!"$"!#1$1'

$11"$1#!$2#$2

2' 2

!"#

1$#!

2$"22$&!!$

$&!

1$22'1$1#1$"&!

$#

1$21$"1$!1

$#&

1$$&'1$2"

$1&

$1"$1#!$2

2!"#

1$""$2$&$&

$&11$1#1$!1$!!

$'$$121$2

$"$&2$&'1$2"

$2$1&1$2#&$2'

! 2!"#

1$11$&2$2$#&

$'$"

1$!'1$'

$!!$''#$#1$#&"

$#$!"$'"$1!

$#!$1"$2!&$!2

!' 2!"#

1$!1$&2$1$

$!"$&2'$#'1$!

$#$1$$#""

$'$''"$&1$#

$#'$1#$2'&$2!!


14/22

#haracteristic compressive strength of panels for different cement percentages and fines contents

Cementpercentage byvolume (%)

Characteristic compressivestrength of panels (N/mm2) for

fines content< 30%

Characteristic compressivestrength of panels (N/mm2)for

fines content from 40% to4%

2 0!"# 0!4$

4 0!4 0!##

# $!00 0!&

" $!30 0!""


15/22

(ssessment of design(ssessment of designstrengthsstrengths

#esign strength re%uired for a

! single storey house ! 15/6 -150 :;mm/

! t"o storey house - 159 ! 152 :;mm/

at plinth level

! 8> cement can be used for load-bearing

! 0> cement can be used for upper floor ofload-bearing

! 0> - /> cement can be used for single storey


16/22

uality controllinguality controlling

*enetrometer test on green bloc)s

Hardened bloc)s ! /9 day strength

f) @ 1536cA 1566 -fines content bet"een /1>

- 71>

f) @ 15/1cA 15/ -fines content bet"een 71>- 06>

f) @ /51

bA 158 -fines content bet"een /1>- 71>

f) @ /51 bA 15/6 -fines content bet"een 71>- 06>


17/22

Blocks in use


18/22

Cost of bloc's(s)

otal cost (s/m2)

Cement *oil at

site

*oil

bought

Cost of

labouran+

mortar

*oil at

site

*oil

bought

2% $23!32 $0!" $$!&& 243!0 2&0!&

4% $#!# $"!3$ $$!&& 2!42 304!0"

#% $"!" 2$&!#4 $$!&& 30!& 33&!4$

"% 223!3$ 20!& $$!&& 343!0" 3&0!&4

Cost per !0 m" of #all area #ith "$0 mm % &0 mm % $0 mblocks


19/22

Cement otal cost (s!/m2) currentprices

*oil at site *oil bought

2% 3$#!00 3$!"

4% 3!3 3!30

#% 402!#" 43"!#3

"% 44#!00 4"$!#


20/22

Cost of bloc's(s!) otal cost (s/m2)

Cement *oil at site *oil

bought

Cost of

labour an+mortar

*oil at site *oil

bought

2% $&"!00 22"!00 $4"!#2 32#!#2 3!#2

4% 23"!00 2""!00 $4"!#2 3"#!#2 43#!#2

#% 2"!00 34"!00 $4"!#2 44#!#2 4#!#2

"% 3"!00 40"!00 $4"!#2 0#!#2 #!#2

Cost per !0 m" of #all area #ith "&0 mm % "&0 mm % $0 mmblocks


21/22

Cement otal cost (s!/m2) currentprices

*oil at site *oil bought

2% 424!#0 4"!#0

4% 02!#0 #&!#0

#% "0!#0 #4!#0

"% #"!#0 &23!#0


22/22

ost of conventionalost of conventionalmaterialsmaterials

2B bric) "or) @@@Cs5911;m/

056B bric) "or) @@Cs5021;m/

9B cement bloc)s@Cs5D11;m/

8Bcement bloc)s@@Cs5696;m/

0Bcement bloc)s@@Cs503D;m/

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Soil Bloks