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Space-based Estimates of Anthropogenic SO 2 Emissions. Randall Martin, Dalhousie and Harvard-Smithsonian Chulkyu Lee, Dalhousie U National Institute of Meteorological Research, Korea with contributions from Aaron van Donkelaar, Dalhousie University Russell Dickerson, UMBC - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Space-based Estimates of Anthropogenic SO2 Emissions
Randall Martin, Dalhousie and Harvard-Smithsonian
Chulkyu Lee, Dalhousie U National Institute of Meteorological Research, Korea
with contributions from
Aaron van Donkelaar, Dalhousie University
Russell Dickerson, UMBC
Jennifer Hains, Dept of Environment, Maryland
Nick Krotkov NASA Goddard
Andreas Richter, U Bremen
5th International GEOS–Chem Meeting
3 May 2011
SOSO22 Emissions Have Major Implications for Climate, Air Emissions Have Major Implications for Climate, Air
Quality, and Acid DepositionQuality, and Acid Deposition
Information about Anthropogenic SOInformation about Anthropogenic SO2 2 Sources?Sources?
First Need to Improve SOFirst Need to Improve SO2 2 Retrieval AlgorithmRetrieval Algorithm
Lee et al., JGR, 2009
Local Air Mass Factor Improves Agreement with Aircraft Local Air Mass Factor Improves Agreement with Aircraft Observations (INTEX-A and B)Observations (INTEX-A and B)
Lee et al., JGR, 2009
Orig: slope = 1.6, r2 = 0.50 New: slope = 0.95, r2 = 0.85
Orig: slope = 1.3, r2 = 0.62 New: slope = 1.1, r2 = 0.79
SCIAMACHYOMI
Uses LIDORT from Spurr et al.
Anthropogenic Sources Dominate Annual Mean SO2 ColumnVolcanic SO2 Emissions 10% of Anthropogenic Source
Total SO2 Column
Anthropogenic SO2 Column
Fraction from Anthropogenic
GEOS-Chem Simulations for 2006
Lee et al., JGR, 2011
Use OMI and SCIAMACHY SOUse OMI and SCIAMACHY SO22 Columns to Map SO Columns to Map SO22 Emissions Emissions
Combustion, Smelters, Volcanoes
Emission
SO2SO4
2-
~day
OH, cloud
Tropospheric SO2 column ~ ESO2 Over Land
Phytoplankton
DMSday
Deposition
22
2
SO Column (OMI)SO Emissions
Effective SO Lifetime (GEOS-Chem)
Evaluate GEOS-Chem SOEvaluate GEOS-Chem SO2 2 Lifetime vs Calculations Lifetime vs Calculations
from In Situ Measurementsfrom In Situ Measurements
U Maryland Research Flights for Eastern U.S.
2( ) 19 7JJA SO hours
Hains, Dickerson, et al., 2007
June - August
Mon JJAMon JJA
JJA Mon
C H
C H
C is SO2 from EPA Network H is GEOS-4 Mixed Layer Depth Lee et al., JGR, 2011
Global Anthropogenic Sulfur Emissions Over Land for 2006Global Anthropogenic Sulfur Emissions Over Land for 2006Volcanic SOVolcanic SO22 Columns (>1x10 Columns (>1x101717 molec cm molec cm-2-2) Excluded From Inversion) Excluded From Inversion
49.9 Tg S/yr
54.6 Tg S/yr
r2 = 0.59
SO2 Emissions (1011 molecules cm-2 s-1)Cloud Radiance Fraction < 0.2
Top-Down (OMI)
Bottom-Up in GEOS-Chem (EDGAR2000, NEI2005, EMEP2005, Streets2006) Scaled to 2006
Lee et al., JGR, 2011
Anthropogenic Emissions Differences (2006)Anthropogenic Emissions Differences (2006)
-2.2 Tg S/yr
-4.7 Tg S/yr
Cloud Radiance Fraction < 0.2, SZA < 50o Lee et al., JGR, 2011
Acknowledgements:Acknowledgements: Health Canada, NASA Health Canada, NASA
• Similar top-down inventories from different retrievals
• Close agreement with bottom-up over North America and Europe
Challenges
• Further development of SO2 retrievals
• Evaluate and improve simulation of sulfur chemistry
• Apply more sophisticated inversion capability
Emerging Capability for Top-down Constraints on Emerging Capability for Top-down Constraints on Anthropogenic SOAnthropogenic SO2 2 EmissionsEmissions