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Struktura a funkce peptidů a proteinů
H2N COOH
CH2
R H2N COOH
CH2R
L-(S)-
*
*
Configuration of amino acids
H2N COOH
CH2
HS
L-(R)-
*
Primary Structure – amino acids sequence (encoded in genes)
Bovine insuline
Secondary Structure – conformation of the polypeptide chain
Peptide bond is planar
Conformation of the peptide bond
almost always trans
Conformation of the peptide bond
in Pro trans and cis in balance
Free rotation about C-N and C-C bonds
Ramachandran diagram
Alpha helix
Structure of ferritine – a largely alpha helical protein
Beta (Pleated) Sheet
Distance between two adjacent amino acid = 3.5 Å
(in aplha helix 1.5 Å)
Beta Sheets are stabilized by H-bonds between strands
Antiparallel Beta Sheets
Points to C-end
Parallel Beta Sheets
Mixed Beta Sheets
Twisted Beta Sheets
Fatty acid-binding protein – a protein rich in beta sheets
Reverse (beta) Turn
Tertiary Structure – 3D structure (folding)
3D structure of myoglobin
Structure of myoglobin – hydrophobic amino acids in
yellow, charged (hydrophilic) in blue