T8-EIN-Klp 2- Cardiovascular system.pptx

8/11/2019 T8-EIN-Klp 2- Cardiovascular system.pptx

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LOGO

CARDIOVASCULARSYSTEM

BY. GROUP 2/ A-2/A13


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MEMBERS

DELLA FEBIEN PRAHASIWI 131311133024

DIAH PRIYANTINI 131311133027

DLUHA MAFULA

131311133031DEWI ANGGRAINI NURJANAH 131311133034

YULIATI NUR HIDAYAH 131311133037

DESY MUSTIKA ANGGRAENI 131311133040

ALVINIA LAKSMI FITRIATY 131311133043


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Concep Map

CARDIOVASCULAR

SYSTEM

Anatomy

Physiology

Type

Classification

Etiology

ClinicalAppearences


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ANATOMY OF

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM


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LOC TION

The heart lies in the thoracic cavity and resting on

the diaphraghm. Its posterior border is near the

vertebral column, and its anterior border is nearthe sternum.


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L YER

Heart have three layers (epicardium,

myocardium, and endocardium).


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The epicardium, consists of connective tissue and some

deep adipose tissue. It protects the heart by reducing

friction.

The myocardium, is mostly made of cardiac musscle

tissue. It pumps blood out of the heart.

The endocardium, is made up of epithelium andconnective tissue with many elastic and collagenous

fibers.

L YER


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CH MBER

The inside of the heart is divided into four

chambers, two on left and two on right.

The upper chambers are called atria (atrium). Itreceive blood returning to the heart.

The lower chambers are called ventricle. It

receive blood from atria and then they pump out

into the arteries.Between the right and left chamber there is

septum


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Right atria

Right ventricular

Left ventricular

Left atria


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V LVE

Atrioventricular Valves, divided into :

1. Tricuspid valve

2. Bicuspid valveSemilunar Valves, devided into:

1. Aortic Valve

2. Pulmonal Valve


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ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES

Tricuspid valve

The tricuspid valve lies between the right atrium

and ventricle, allows blood to move from the right

atrium into the right ventricle and preventingbackflow.

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

The mitral valve lies between the left atrium and

ventricle, allows blood to move from the left atrium

into the left ventricle and preventing backflow.


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SEMILUNAR VALVES

Aortic valve

Lies at the base of aorta , open to allow blood to

leave the left ventricle during contraction. When

the ventricle relaxes, the valve prevent blood frombacking up into the ventricle.

Pulmonar valve

Lies at the base of pulmonary trunks, allow blood

to leave the right ventricle and preventing backflow

into the ventricular chamber.


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BLOOD VESSELS


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BLOOD VESSELS


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PHYSIOLOGY OF

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM


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CTION POTENTI L OF HE RT

Phase 0 (rest)

Ekstracellular of heart

cells become positive

polarity and intracellularof heart cells become

negative. Cell

membrane permeable

with potassium thansodium so potassium

exit to ekstracellular.


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Phase 1

(Depolarisation)

Permeability of

sodium increase,sodium exit to

ekstracellular.


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Phase 2 (Partial

Polarisation)

Calcium influx to

the intracells.

This phase can

called Plateau

phase.


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Phase 4

(Repolarisation)

Calcium and

sodium increase,potassium leave

cells fastly.


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Conduction System of Heart

SA Node

This node is the beginning of heart contraction, after that impulses run to

AV Node. This node influenced by sympathetic and parasympathetic

nerves that accelerate or slow down the rhythm.

AV Node AV Node delay impulses until filling of atrial finished and before contraction

of ventricular.

AV Bundle

The impulses run from AV Node to front, edge and under of pars

membransea. After that impulses run to cordis stale and split become twopars septalis dekstra and pars septalis sinistra.

Purkinje Fibers

In this place, conductivity speed become 5 times. Fast conductivity make

left and right atrial contraction together, and followed by ventricular

contraction.


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C RDI C OUTPUT

Cardiac output (CO) is defined as the volume of

blood ejected from the heart in 1 minute. The

determinants of CO are heart rate (HR) in beats

per minute and stroke volume (SV) in millilitersper beat. The equation is:


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TYPE AND CLASSIVICATION

OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM


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CL SSIFIC TION

SISTEMICAND

PULMONARY


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Pulmonary Circulation:heart

to lungs

back to heart


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SISTEMIC

CIRCULATION

Leaves the heartservices the bodys cells reenter the hearts


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CL SSIFIC TION

Cardiomyopathy Congestive / Dilatation

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy


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ETIOLOGI

Heart Failure

The heart is unable to provide sufficient pump action to

maintain blood flow to meet the needs of the body.

Myocardial infarction (heart attack).

Other forms of coronary artery disease.

Hypertension.

Valvular heart disease.

Cardiomyopathy


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CLINIC L PPE R NCE

Left heart failure

Dyspnea

CoughEasily tired

Anxiety


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Right heart failure

Congestive peripheral and visceral tissues.

Edema of the lower extremities ( dependent edema )

Usually pitting edema, weight gain, hepatomegaly and

tenderness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen

caused by enlargement of the veins in the liver.

Anorexia and nausea.

Caused by enlargement of the veins and venous static in

the abdominal cavity.

Nocturia.

Weakness.

CLINIC L PPE R NCE


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LOGO

THANK YOU

BY KELOMPOK 2/KELAS A 2/A13

Documents

T8-EIN-Klp 2- Cardiovascular system.pptx