-
TCXD 27 : 1991
t thit b in trong nh v cng trnh cng cng - Tiu chun thit k
Electric distribution network in dwellings and public building
Design standard Tiu chun ny c p dng thit k t cc thit b in trong cc
loi nh (Nh c cn h, nh c sn vn, nh kiu khch sn, k tc x...), ng thi
cng p dng cho cc loi cng trnh cng cng. Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho
cc cng trnh c bit cng nh cho cc thit tr in c bit trong cc cng trnh
cng cng. Vic thit t cc thit b in trong nh v cng trnh cng cng cn phi
tha mn cc yu cu quy nh ca cc tiu chun, quy phm hin hnh c lin quan.
Vi cc cng trnh cng cng cn phi tun theo cc yu cu quy nh ca cc tiu
chun, quy phm hin hnh ca mi loi cng trnh. Tiu chun ny thay th Quy
phm t thit b in trong cc cng trnh kin trc TCXD 27:1967. 1. Quy nh
chung 1.1.Khi thit k cp in cho nh v cng trnh cng cng phi m bo cc yu
cu quy nh i vi mi loi h tiu th in v tin cy cung cp theo QU TRNH 11
TCXD 18:1984. Phn loi cc h tiu th in v thit b tiu th in theo tin cy
cung cp in xem ph lc 2. 1.2.in p phi tnh ton cp in cho cc thit b in
trong nh v cng trnh cng cng (tr cho cc ng c in) khng c ln hn 220V.
Vi nhng cng trnh hin c in p li 220/110V cn chuyn sang in p li
380/220V nu xt thy ph hp cc yu cu kinh t k thut. 1.3.Cp in cho cc
ng c in (my in) phi ly t li in 380/220V trung tnh ni t trc tip.
1.4.Trong nh v cc cng trnh cng cng cn d phng mt cng sut khng di 5%
tng cng sut ca cng trnh cp in cho chiu sng qung co, t knh quy hng,
trang tr mt nh, h thng iu , cc bng v cc tn hiu ch dn bng nh sng, cc
h thng tn hiu m thanh, phng cha chy, cng nh cc n bo chng ngi ca cng
trnh... 1.5.Tn tht in p cc ca cc bng n v ca cc thit b ng lc t xa
nht so vi in p nh mc khng c vt qu cc tr s sau:
- i vi chiu sng lm vic: 5% - i vi chiu sng phn tn ngi v chiu sng
s c: 5% - i vi cc thit b in p 12 n 42V (tnh t ngun cp in): 10% - i
vi ng c in:
+ Lm vic lu di ch n nh 5% + Lm vic lu di ch s c 15%
Ch thch: - Cc li in, k c li in iu khin t xa v iu khin t ng cn
phi cn c kim tra vi ch khi ng cc cng t in. - Cc li in chiu sng, khi
ch s c cho php gim in p ti 12% tr s in p nh mc
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2
2. Ph ti v tnh ton 2.1. Ph ti v tnh ton ca ton b cc cn h trong
nh PCH tnh theo cng thc:
PCH=Pch x n. Trong : Pch - Sut ph ti tnh ton (kW) ca mi cn h, xc
nh theo bng 1.
n - S cn h trong ngi nh.
2.2.Ph ti tnh ton cho nh (gm ph ti tinh ton cc cn h v cc thit b
in lc) PNO tnh theo cng thc:
PNO = PCH + 0,9PL. Trong :
PL - Ph ti tnh ton (kW) ca cc thit b in lc trong nh.
2.3.Ph ti tnh ton (kW) ca cc thit b in lc tnh nh sau: a) Vi cc
ng c in my bm, cc thit b thng gi, cp nhit v cc thit b v sinh
khc, ly tng cng sut c tnh vi h s cng sut bng 0,8 v h s yu cu nh
sau: 1 - Khi s ng c in t 1 n 3 0,8 - Khi s ng c in ln hn 3
b) Vi cc thang my tnh theo cng thc: Trong : PT - Ph ti tnh ton
(kW) ca thang my, nT - S lng cc thang my, Pni - Cng sut t (kW) ca
cc ng c in ca thang my, Pgi - Cng sut (kW) ca hm in t cc kh c iu
khin v cc n in trong thang my, PV - H s gin on ca c in theo l lch
my. Kc - H s yu cu, vi nh xc nh theo bng 2 vi cc cng trnh cng cng
theo cc tr s sau y:
S thang my t trong nh H s Kc T 1 n 2 1 T 3 n 4 0.9 T 4 tr ln 0.8
- 0.6
H s cng sut ca thang my ly bng 0,6.
c) Khi xc nh ph ti tnh ton khng tnh cng sut ca cc ng c in d
phng, tr trng hp chn kh c bo v v mt ct dy dn. Khi xc nh ph ti tnh
ton ca cc ng c in ca thit b cha chy, phi ly h s yu cu bng 1 vi s
lng ng c bt k.
2.4.H s cng sut tnh ton li in nh ly bng 0.80 n 0.85. 2.5.Khi
thit k li in nhm chiu sng cng trnh cng cng nh khch sn, k tc x, cc
phng s dng chung cho ngi nh (gian cu thang, tng hm, gian hng, kho
xng, cc x nghip dch v sinh hot i sng, cc phng hnh chnh qun tr...
phi ly ph ti tnh ton k thut chiu sng vi h s yu cu bng bng1
gininCT PPVPTKP 1
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3
2.6.Ph ti tnh ton ca li in cung cp cho cc cm in Poc (khi khng c
s liu v cc thit b in cp in do cc cm in ny) vi mng li in hai nhm tr
ln (nhm chiu sng, nhm cm), tnh theo cng thc sau:
Poc = 300n(W) Trong : n - S lng cm in
2.7.Ph ti tnh ton u cng trnh cng cng phi ly theo tnh ton k thut
ca cng trnh. Khi lp chng t kinh t k thut cng nh cc thit k m thut
dng cho cc gi tr bng 3. Ch thch: Bng 1 1. Vi cn h khng nu bng 1, xc
nh sut ph ti tnh ton theo ni suy.
Bng 1 - Sut ph ti tnh ton cn h
c im cn h Sut ph ti tnh ton (kW) khi s cn h
1 n 3 5 10 20 30 40 60
100 tr ln
C bp in C cc loi bp khc
4 2,5
2,48 1,75
1,88 1,55
1,6 1,25
1,4 1,12
1,32 1,07
1,2 1,05
1,12 1,02
Bng 2 - H s yu cu vi nh c thang my
S tng H s yu cu khi s thang my 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6 n 7
8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15
1 1 - - -
0,85 0,90 0,95
1 1
0,70 0,75 0,80 0,85 0,97
0,55 0,65 0,70 0,73 0,85
0,55 0,60 0,63 0,65 0,75
0,45 0,55 0,56 0,58 0,70
0,45 0,50 0,52 0,55 0,66
0,42 0,45 0,48 0,50 0,60
0,40 0,42 0.45 0.47 0.58
0,38 0,40 0,42 0,44 0,56
2. Sut ph ti tnh ton ca cn h tnh c chiu sng in cc khu vc cng cng
ca nh (gian cu thang, thang my, tng gip mi, tng k thut, tng
hm,...). 3. Sut ph ti tnh ton c vi cn h c tng din tch 24m2. Khi cn
h c tng din tch ln hn phi tng sut ph ti tnh ton bng 1 ln 0,5% vi mi
m2 din tch gia tng, nhng khng c ln hn 25% tr s nu trongbng 1. 4. Vi
cn h c nhiu gia nh, phi nhn sut ph ti tnh ton vi h s 1,5 khi s gia
nh ti 3 vi h s 2 khi s gia nh 4 tr ln. 5. Trong sut ph ti tnh ton
nu trong bng 1 cha tnh n ph ti in lc cng cng ca nh , ph ti in lc ca
cc khu vc cng cng ca nh v cc thit b si bng in, cc my iu ha kh hu
trong cn h.
2.8.Ph ti tnh ton ca li in lc cung cp cho cng trnh cng cng Pl
(kW) tnh theo cng thc
Pl = Pmax + n1P1 + n2P2 + ... + niPi Trong :
Pmax - Cng sut (kW) ca thit b ln nht, P1,..,Pi - Cng sut (kW) ca
cc thit b in cn li. n1,..,ni - S lng thit b in cng lm vic ng thi ca
mi loi thit b in.
2.9.Ph ti tnh ton ca li in chiu sng v in lc cung cp cho cng trnh
cng cng Pcc (kW) tnh theo cng tc sau:
Pcc = 0,9(Pcs + Pl)
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4
Trong : Pcs - Ph ti tnh ton chiu sng ca cng trnh cng cng (kW) Pl
- Ph tii tnh ton in lc ca cng trnh cng cng (kW)
Bng 3 - Sut ti tnh ton v h s cng sut
ca mt s cng trnh cng cng
Loi cng tnh Sut ph ti tnh ton (kW) H s cng
sut 1 2 3
Bnh vin dy dn khoa, kW/ging bnh Vn tr, kW/chu Nh tr kW/chu Vn tr
kt hp vi nh tr kW/chu Trng ph thng, kW/ch Trng i hc, cao ng, hc
vin, trung hc dy ngh, kW/ch Rp chiu bng c iu ha kh hu, kW/ch Rp
chiu bng khng c iu ha kh hu kW/ch Rp ht, cung vn ha, rp xic kW/ch
Sn th thao, kW/ch Tr s c quan hnh chnh, kW/m2/s dng Khch sn,
kW/ging Nh ngh, kW/ging Ca hng bch ha, kW/ch bn hng Cc ca hng, x
nghip dch v phc v sinh hot, i sng, kW/ch lm vic
1,2 0,1
0,15 0,2
0,09 0,1
0,15 0,04 0,15 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,15 0,70
0,60
0,90 0,80 0,85 0,85 0,90 0,85 0,80 0,85 0,80 0,85 0,85 0,85 0,80
0,80
0,75
3. Trm bin p. Thit b u vo, bng (hp, t) in, thit b bo v 3.1.Cm t
trm bin p (TBA) trong hoc st k nh (nh cn h, nh sn vn, k tc x, nh
kiu khch sn), nh bnh nhn v nh iu tr ca bnh vin, nh an dng, phng hc
v cc phng lm vic khc ca trng hc cc loi k c cc trng dy ngh, bi dng
vn ha, nghip v, chnh tr. Vi cc loi cng trnh cng cng khc, cho php t
TBA trong nh hoc k st tng nhng phng phi cch m tt v phi m bo yu cu k
thut theo tiu chun mc n cho php trong cng trnh cng cng TCXD 175 :
1990. Trm phi c tng ngn chy cch ly vi phng k st v phi c li ra trc
tip. Trong trm c th t my bin p (MBA) c h thng lm mt bt k.
3.2.Phng t thit b phn phi in p n 1000v m ngi qu l ca h tiu th ti
c, khng cho php thng vi phng khc ca trm c thit b ang mang in p v
phi c ca i ring c kha. 3.3. u vo phi t thit b u vo (V) hoc thit b
phn phi u vo (PPV). Trc khi vo nh, cm t t u cp ring phn chia li in
bn trong v bn ngoi. Vic phn chia ny thc hin PPV hoc thit b phn phi
chnh thc (PPCT). 3.4. dch v hoc PPV phi t cc kh c iu khin v bo v. V
hoc PPV c dng in n 25A khng cn t cc kh c iu khin. Khi nhnh r t ng
dy trn khng (DK ) vo nh c t kh c bo v c dng in n 25A khi khng phi t
V hoc PPV na.
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Cho php khng t kh c bo v cho u vo ca ng dy vo nh khi im bt u r
nhnh c bo v hoc khi V hay PPV c cp in bng ng dy ring. Trn mi ng dy
ra ca bng (hp, t) phn phi in, nu t kh c bo v c th t kh c bo v iu
khin chung cho mt s ng dy ra. Khi phi hp chung V vi bng (hp, t) phn
phi in, cho php khng t kh c bo v u vo ca ng dy v nh nu kh c bo v t
trn on u ca ng r nhnh.
3.5.Phi t kh c iu khin u vo ca ng dy cp in cho ca hn, cc x nghip
dch v phc v i sng v sinh hot, cc phng hnh chnh... cng nh cc phng ca
cc cn h tiu th, c bit l cc phng giao dch ca cc c quan x nghip mc du
u ng dy hoc trn nhnh r t ng dy cung cp t kh c iu khin. 3.6.Khi b tr
kh c bo v, ngoi cc yu cu v dng in, cn phi tho mn cc yu cu sau:
a) Trong nh v cng trnh cng cng, ti cc bng (hp, t) in phn phi v
bng (hp, t) in nhm ch t my ct in h p v cu chy ti pha ca li in.
b) Khi gian cu thang cch bng in trc ng ca khu vc cu thang khng
qu 3m v khi bng in ny c cng chc nng vi bng (hp) in cn h v bng (hp)
in bng tng khi khng yu cu bng (hp) in tng ring na.
3.7.Cc V, PPV, PPC phi t phng t bng (t) in hoc t trong cc t (hp)
in hoc hc tng c kha. nhng ni d b ngp nc, V v PPC phi c t cao hn mc
nc ngp cao nht thng xy ra. Vi nh khng c gian cu thang, cho php t V
trn tng pha ngoi nh nhng phi c bin php bo v thch ng v khng nh hng
ti kt cu v m quan ca nh. Cho php t V, PPV v PPC trong cc phng khc,
cc tng hm kh ro, hoc trong tng k thut khi ngi qun l ti c d dng; hoc
trong cc phng ring ca cng trnh c tng khng chy vi chu la khng nh hn
0,75 gi.
3.8.Khi t V, PPV , PPC, cc bng (hp, t) phn phi in v cc bng (hp)
in nhm, ngoi phng t bng in cn thc hin cc yu cu sau:
a) Phi t thit b ch thun tin v d ti thao tc, sa cha, v d gian cu
thang, tng hm kh ro...
b) Phi t cc kh c in trong t (hp) bng kim loi hoc trong cc h tng,
ca c kha: tay iu khin cc kh c ny khng c th ra ngoi hoc nu c th ra
ngoi th phi tho c sau khi vn hnh.
3.9.Cm t bng (hp, t) in di hoc trong nh x tm, phng tm nh bp, ch
ra chn tay, phng git, phng c ha cht,... Cc ng ng nc, ng thng gi, ng
hi nng v cc loi h k thut khc khi i qua phng t bng (t, hp) in, khng
c b tr cc np y, van, mt bch, ca thm d, vi, trong phng tr trng hp
chnh phng cn ti. Cm t cc ng kh t, ng dn cht chy, i qua phng t bng
(t, hp) in. Phng t bng (t, hp) in phi c ca m ra pha ngoi v phi c
kha
3.10.Phng t V, PPV, PPC bng (t, hp) phn phi in phi c thng gi t
nhin v chiu sng in. 4. Li in trong nh 4.1.Li in trong nh phi thc
hin theo yu cu sau:
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6
a) Thit tr in ca cc n v khc nhau (nhng vn trong cng mt nh) cho
php c cp in bng mt nhnh r ring ni vo u dy cung cp chung hoc bng mt
ng dy ring t V, PPC hoc PPP (phn phi ph).
c php cung cp in cho cc phng khng dng trong nh v cc cn h ca nh
bng ng dy cung cp chung vi iu kin ti ni r nhnh phi c kh c ng ngt
ring nhng phi m bo yu cu cht lng in p.
b) Mt ng dy c php cp in cho mt s on ng. Ring vi nh trn 5 tng, mi
on ng phi t kh c ng ngt ring ti ch r nhnh.
c) Chiu sng cu thang, li i chung, hnh lang v nhng phng khc ngoi
phm vi cn h ca nh , phi c cp in bng cc ng dy ring t PPC.
Cm ly in cho cc khu vc trn t BCH.
4.2.ng dy nhm chiu sng trong nh phi c bo v bng cu chy hoc my ct
in h p vi dng in khng nh hn 25A. ng dy nhm cp in cho cc n phng kh c
cng sut mi bng 125W v ln hn, cc bng n nung sng c cng sut mi bng
500W v ln hn, c php bo v bng cu chy hoc my ngt in h p vi dng in n
63A.
4.3. mi pha ca ng dy nhm trong nh khng c mc qu 20 bng n nung
sng, n hunh quang, n thy ngn cao p, n nt t - ri, k c cc cm in. Vi
cc ng dy nhm cp in cho cc n kiut cc-ni, trn sng, mng sng... cng nh
cho cc n lp bng hunh quang, cho php u vo mt pha n 50 bng n, vi ng
dy cp in cho n chm th s bgn n trn mt pha khng hn ch. Cho php u vo
mi pha cc ng dy nhm chiu sng cu thang, hnh lang chiu ngh, snh, tng
k thut, tng gip mi... n 60 bng nung sng, mi bng c cng sut 60W. Vi
bng n c cng sut 10kW v ln hn, cho php u vo mi pha khng qu mt n.
4.4.on ng cp in cho cn h phi dc theo gia cu thang v khng c i qua
cc phng. Cho php t ng dy cp in cho cn h cng vi ng dy chiu sng lm
vic ca gian cu thang hnh lang v cc khu vc chung khc ca nh trong rnh
chung, ng (hp) lun dy chung.v.v... bng vt liu khng chy.
4.5.T bng in tng dn ti BCH phi t trong cc rnh ring, ng (hp) lun
dy ring. Cho php cc ng dy cung cp cho cn h v ng dy chiu sng lm vic
ca gian cu thang, hnh lang v cc khu vc chung khc nh bng mt dy trung
tnh nhng phi m bo cc quy nh im 4.11. 4.6.Trong cn h nh nn t hai ng
dy nhm mt pha c lp vi nha: Mt ng dy cho n chiu sng chung, mt ng dy
cho cc dng c in dng cho sinh hot qua cc cm in. c php cp in cho n v
cc cm in bng mt c dy nhm chung.
4.7.Trong x nghip thng nghip v phc v i sng sinh hot cng cng (ca
hng, trung tm thng nghip, nh hng,... ) cc ng c in ca cc thit b cng
cng cp in ca cc thit b v sinh c cng sut khng ln (n 3kW) cho php c
cp in bng mt ng dy nhm chung nhng s ng c in khng c ln qu 4.
4.8.Trong cc tng k thut, tng hm, khng t thit b si, cc phng t my
thng gi, trm bm nc, cc phng m t v c bit m t, dy dn phi t h. Trong
cc phng v sinh x tm, dy dn nn t h v phi dng loi c v bo v hoc cp in.
Cm t dy dn c v bc trong ng thp trong hp kim loi.
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Trong nh tr, phng ch bin v gia cng thc n, cng nh cc phng c yu cu
v v sinh hoc v trng nh khi phng n, phng iu ch huyt thanh... ng dy
phi t kn (ngm thng, di lp va trt, trong ng, trong hp...).
4.9.Khi li in t trong trn treo khng i li c coi nh li in kn v phi
thc hin nh sau: - Vi trn nh bng vt liu chy, lun trong ng (hp) bng
kim loi. - Vi trn nh bng vt liu klhng chy hc kh chy, lun trong ng
(hp0 bng vt liu cht do hoc dng cp in v dy dn c bo v vi v bng vt liu
kh chy. Khi cn phi m bo kh nng thay th sa cha dy dn v cp in.
4.10.Mt ct rut dy dn ca tng on thuc li in nh khng c nh hn tr s
quy nh bng 4. Ch thch: vi li in 3 pha 4 dy, khi mt ct dy pha n
16mm2 (ng) v 25mm2 (nhm) th dy trung tnh ca on ng phi c bng mt ct
dy pha. Nu mt ct dy pha ln hn cc tr s trn th mt ct dy trung tnh
khng nh qu 50% mt ct dy pha.
Bng 4
Tn ng dy Mt ct nh nht ca rut dy dn
(mm2) ng Nhm
- ng dy nhm ca li in chiu sng khi khng c cm in
- ng dy nhm ca li in chiu sng c cm in; li in ng lc li in cung cp
cho cc cm in.
- Dng dy ti DBC v ng h m in cho mi cn h
- on ng trong gian cu thang cp in cho cc cn h thuc khu vc chung
gian cu thang.
1,5
2,5 4 6
2,5 4 6
10
4.11.Khi t ng dy dn cn phi tun theo cc quy nh ca tiu chun th ng
dy n trong nh v cng trnh cng cng TCXD 25 : 1991 v quy phm trang b
in QT 11 TCXD 18 : 1984. 5. t n in 5.1.in p cung cp cho cc n in
chiu sng chung khng c qu 380/220v li in xoay chiu c trung tnh ni t
trc tip v khng qu 220V vi li in xoay chiu trung tnh cch li v in mt
chiu. Cp in cho cc n thng thng phi dng in p pha khng qu 220V. Vi ni
t nguy him cho php dng in p ni trn khi n t c nh v khng ph thuc cao
t n.
5.2.Trong cc phng nguy him v rt nguy him, khi dng n in chiu sng
chung vi bng n nung sng, bng n thy ngn cao p, bng n ha-l-gien, kim
loi v bng n natri nu cao t n so vi mt sn v mt bnglm vic nh hn 2,5m,
phi c cc cu to trnh trm phi bng n khi khng dng cc dng c ngh tho m
n. Dy in a vo n phi lun trong ng bng kim loi v phi dng dy cp c v bo
v: hoc cp in cho bng nung sng c in p khng qu 42V. Cc yu cu trn khng
p dng i vi n t cc phng t bng in cng nh vi n nhng ni ch c nhn vin
chuyn mn v s dng. Cho php
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t n hunh quang in p 127 - 220V cao so vi mt sn nh qu 2,5m Khi
ngu nhin khng th chm phi cc phn mng in ca n. 5.3.n chiu sng cc b
bng nung sng t c nh trong cc phng t guy him phi dng in p khng qu
220V; trong cc phng nguy him v rt nguy him khng qu 42V. Khi nhng n
ny c cu to c bit v l mt b phn ca h thng chiu sng s c c cp in t mt
ngun in c lp v c t trong cc phng nguy him (nhng khng rt nguy him
cho php dng in p n 220V.
5.4.Cho php dng n hunh quang in p 127 - 220V chiu sng cc b khi
ngu nhin khng th chm phi phn mang in ca n. Ch cho php dng n hunh
quang c cu to c bit chiu sng cc b trong cc phng m, rt m nng, v c mi
trng hot tnh.
5.5.in p cung cp cho cc n sng cc b di ng quy nh nh sau;
a) Vi loi n cm tay, cm dng in p cao hn 42V trong cc phng nguy
him v rt nguy him. Khi ngi lm vic trong cc iu kin c bit bt li, nh
ch lm vic cht chi d b chm vo nhng b mt kim loi ln ni vi t... phi
dng in p khng qu 12V.
b) Vi cc n di ng c mc treo, n bn, trn sn nh... c php dng in p
bng in p ca n chiu sng cc b t c nh (iu 5-3).
5.6.Trong cc phng nguy him v rt nguy him, nhng n dng vi nhng in
p khc nhau phi c cc k hiu hoc hnh thc khc nhau phn bit. 5.7. cc
phng v sinh x tm ca cn h nn t cc n tng pha trn ca i. Trong phng tm
ca nh ngh khc sn... phi t n trn gng soi v phi ph hp vi quy nh iu
5-10. 5.8.Trong cc phng ca nh cn h, nh c sn vn, nh kiu khc sn, nh
ngh, cng nh mt s phng ca cc cng trnh cng cng c din tch sn ln hn 18m
nn t n nhiu bng v bt tt c tng cm hoc tng bng mt. 5.9. li chnh vo
nh, phi t n chiu sng nhm m bo ri quy nh trn sn bi, li i v trn cc bc
thang dn vo nh theo tiu chun chiu sng nhn to trong cng trnh dn dng
TCXD 16:1986. 5.10. cc phng tm, png tm hng sen, phng v sinh ca nh ,
phi dng cc loi n m phn v ngoi bng cc vt liu cc in. Khi n nung sng t
trong cc phng ny cao 2,5m tr xung phi dng loi c ui t su trong n v
phi c cu to ring tng cng an ton cho ngi s dng. Trong cc phng ni
trn, khng quy nh cao t n hunh quang kiu chng m t, nu ngi s dng khng
ngu nhin chm phi phn mang in ca n. 5.11.Cc cu kin, ph tng ca n nung
sng phi c lm bng vt liu kh chy. Cho php dng cc vt liu d chy lm cu
kin n nhng phi t xa ngun sng. Cc b phn phn x v tn x ca n loi h c
php lm bng giy, vi, la, my tre, cht do hoc cc vt liu tng t nhng phi
m bo nhit lng do n ta ra khng lm tng nhit khng kh xung quanh n
50oC. i vi n hunh quang, cho php dng nhng cu kin ph tng vt liu d
chy nhng phi t xa ngun sng t nht 15mm.
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9
5.12.Mc treo n t trn nh phi c cc in bng ng nha, ghen nha hc bng
cc vt liu cch in tng t. Yu cu ny khng ra khi mc vo trn g hoc khi mc
c yu cu ni khng, Mc treo n trong cc cng trnh cng cng, tr trng hp c
bit phi c kch thc sau y: ng knh ngoi ca na vng mc l 35mm. Khong cch
t trn nh n ch umc l 12mm. Mc c lm bng thp trn ng knh 6mm. 5.13.Kt
cu treo n phi chu c ti trng gp 5 ln khi lng n trong 10 pht m khg b
bng v bin dng. Vi cc cng trnh cng cng, tr cc trng hp c bit phi tnh
khi lng n l 15kg. 5.14.Trong cc nh , nn t h thng n chiu sng cu
thang iu khin bng cng tc t ng c bit c duy tr thi gian ngi i ln n
tng trn. Chiu sng cc cu thang tng mt, cc tiu snh, v cc li vo nh, cc
cng vo nh phi c duy tr sut m khng ph thuc vo h thng iu khin chiu
sng cu thang tng s dng.
5.15.Ging thang my cng nh phng my, phng trn ging thang my v sn
trc cc ca v thang my, li i hnh lang dn n thang my, ti phng trn ging
thang my v ti y ging thang my phi t cc n c bng nung sng trn tng vi
cc ging thang my c bao quanh bng knh li bn ngoi ging c chiu sng nhn
to bo m c ri cn thit cho bn trong ging thang my. 5.16.Cc n in v ph
tng ca chng phi t sao cho c th bo dng d dng v an ton bng phng tin v
bin php k thut thng thng. Khi yu cu ny khng thc hin c, phi d kin
nhng thit b ring nh thang gp, chi di ng... Ch cho php dng nhng
thang thng thng khi n t cc sn khng qu 5m.
6. t thit b in trong nh 6.1.Cc thit b in t trong nh phi c chn ph
hp vi in p ca mng li in cung cp, tnh cht mi trng v yu cu s dng.
6.2.Trong mi phng ca nh cn h, nh c sn vn, nh kiu khch sn, k tc x,
phng lm vic ... phi t t nht mt cm in. 6.3.Trong bp hoc trong cc
phng n nh cn h, nh c sn vn, nh kiu khch sn, k tc x, phi t t nht mt
cm in 10A. 6.4.Cm t cm in trong cc phng v sinh x tm. Ring trong cc
phng tm ca nh cn h, nh c sn vn, nh kiu khch sn, nh ngh... cho php t
cm in nhng cm in ny phi c cp in qua my bin p cch li. 6.5.Trong cc
trng hc ph thng c s, trng mu gio, nh tr v cc ni cho thiu nhi s dng,
cm in phi t cao cacchs sn 1,7m. Trong cc phng ca nh cc loi, cm in
phi t cao cch sn 1,5m. Trong cc phng ca cc cng trnh cng cng, cm in
t cao cch sn t 0,4 n 0,5m ty thuc cc yu cu k thut, yu cu s dng v b
tr ni tht...
6.6.Trong cc ca hng, nh hng, x nghip dch v thng ngip v cng cng
cc cng tc n chiu sng lm vic chiu sng s c v phn tn ngi trong cc gian
hng, phng n... v cc phng ng ngi phi t cc ni ch c ngi qun l ti
c.
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10
6.7.Cng tc n phi t tng, gn ca ra vo (pha tay nm ca cnh ca) cao
cch sn 1,5m. Trong cc trng hc ph thng c s, trng mu gio, nh tr, vn
tr v nhng ni dnh cho thiu nhi s dng, cng tc n phi t cch sn
1,7m.
6.8.Trong nh cn h, nh c sn vn, nh kiu khch sn, cng nh trong cng
trnh cng cng cho php dng chung in p pha 220V nhng phi ph hp vi mi
trng xy dng. 6.9.ng c in dng chung cho cc nh cc loi v cng trnh cng
cng (bm nc qut thng gi, thang my,...) v cc kh c bo v iu khin ca
chng, phi b tr ni c ngi qun l ti c. Cn cc nt bm iu khin thang my,
iu khin cc h thng cha chy, thng gi, bm nc... phi t ch vn hnh thun
tin v phi c nhn ghi d phn bit. 6.10.Mt ng dy ch cp in cho khng qu 4
thng my t cc gian cu thang khc nhau. Khi mt gian cu thang c t 2
thang my tr ln v c cng tnh cht s dng phi cp in t nhng ng dy khc
nhau trc tip t PPV hoc PPC. Khi s c cu thang my u vo mi ng dy khng
hn ch. 6.11.Mch iu khin ng c in ca my bm nc vo b cha (thng cha) nn
chnh sch thit b t ng iu chnh mc nc. in p ca mch cm bin do mc nc b
cha (thng cha) khng qu 42V. 6.12.ng c in ca my bm cha chy phi c cp
in theo tin cy cung cp in (ph lc 2). Khi khng c ng c in d phng, ng
c in ca my bm cha chy lm vic phi c cp in bng 2 ng dy, mt trong hai
ng dy ny trc tip vi bng phn phi in ca TBA, PPV hoc PPC. Vic chuyn
mch t ng dy ny sang ng dy khc c th thc hin bng tay hoc t ng.
6.13. mi hng cha chy, phi t nt bm ng in cho my bm cha chy. Trn
ng ng nc cha chy phi nu khng c nhnh ti hang cp nc phi t r le dng nc
rle p lc t ng gn in cho my bm cha chy khi m mt trong nhng hang cha
chy . Khi ng iu kin t xa bm nc cha chy, ti ni iu khin ch t hp nt bt
ng in, cn ti ni t my bm nc phi t c hp bm ng v ngt in.
6.14.Cho php t ng c in tng gip mi nhng khng c t trn cc phng ,
phng lm vic v phi tun theo cc yu cu ca tiu chun mc n cho php trong
cc cng trnh cng cng TCXD 175 :1990. 6.15.ng c in trong nh v cng
trnh cng cng phi dng kiu kn. ng c in kiu h v kiu bo v ch cho php t
gian ring, c tng, trn v sn nh bng vt liu khng chy, b tr cc b phn
chy c ca nh t nht l 0,5m. Phi b tr cc kh c ng ngt mch in gn ng c in
m bo sa cha ng c c an ton.
7. t ng h m in 7.1.Mi cn h nh phi t mt ng h m in mt pha t 5 n
20A. Vi cn h c yu cu c bit hoc c ph ti ln hn 20A cho php t mt ng h
m 3 pha hoc mt s ng h m in mt pha,
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11
7.2.Trong cc cng trnh cng cng cc nhng h tiu th in khng cng mt n
v hnh chnh, phi t ring mi h mt ng h m in. 7.3.ng h m in dng chung
cho nh chiu sng gian cu thang, hnh lang, hoc cc my bm nc chung cho
ton nh... phi t trong t bng ca V, PPV hoc PPC nhng phi m bo kim tra
v ghi ch s in c d dng. 7.4.Khi cp in cho cc cng trnh cha chy ly t
bng 9t) in c lp, th ti bng (t) in ny phi t ng h m in ring tnh in
nng tiu th. 7.5.Khi TBA xy dng trong hoc k st nh v cng trnh, v cng
sut ca trm hon ton dng cho nh ny nu khng tr ngi cho vic thanh ton
tin in cng nh vic ghi ch s in th cho php t ng h m in u vo ca my bin
p ti bng (t) in h p ng thi dng chung lm PPV ca n. PPV v cc ng h m
in cho cc cn h thu nh khc nhau trong cng mt nh, cho php t trong cng
mt phng.
7.6.ng h m in ca cn h phi t chung vi cc kh c bo v (cu chy, my ct
in h p,...) trong cng mt hp (bng) in. 7.7.ng h m in ca cn h phi t
BCH ca cn h nu l nh mt cn h; ti khu vc cu thang, hnh lang, bng (hp)
in tng nu l nh nhiu cn h. Khi ng h m in t ti khu vc cu thang, hnh
lang... phi t trong cc hp kim loi dy t nht 1mm, phi c kho v phi c
cu to chng b tho g trm. Hp ny phi c cc ca s vi kch thc khong 1,5 x
4cm c cc ch s ng h v phi ghi tn h hoc tn phng s dng.
7.8.Khi ng h m in t trong cc bng (hp) in phi b tr cao 1,5m tnh t
tim bng (hp) n mt sn nh. Khi ng h m in t h th phi b tr cao 1,5m tnh
t hp u dy ca ng h m in ti mt sn v phi m bo khng b va chm hoc b tho
g trm. 7.9.Khi chn cc ng h m in phi tnh ti kh nng chu qu ti cho php
ca n. 7.10.Kh c bo v phi b tr sau ng h m in v phi t cng gn cng tt v
khng qu xa 10m tnh theo chiu di ng dy. Khi ng h m in c mt s ng dy
ra c kh c bo v th khng cn t kh c bo v chung sau ng h m in na.
7.11.ng h m in phi t ch kh ro, khng c nhit cao, khng b ht ma v phi
thun tin cho vic kim tra sa cha v c ch s ca ng h. 7.12.T ch n in vo
nh ti ng h m in (con sn n in, ct u nh,...) phi dng cp bc cao su, bc
cht de, bc ch... hoc lun trong ng bng kim loi (ng thp hoc ng tn
cun,...). 7.13. u nh, nu do yu cu khai thc h thng thit b in, cho
php t ampemt v vn mt c chuyn mch kim tra dng in v in p mi pha.
7.14.Trong cng trnh cng cng, vi ng dy cp in cho ph ti chiu sng v ng
lc phi t cho mi pha ca ng dy mt ampemt khi ph ti chiu sng ln hn 40%
ph ti chung (chiu sng v ng lc).
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12
8. Ni t, ni khng 8.1.Cc thit b in ca nh v cng trnh cng cng phi c
ni t, ni khng theo yu cu ca quy phm ni t cc thit b in TCVN 4756 :
1989 v quy phm trang b in QT 11 TCXD 18 : 1984. 8.2.Trong cc phng ,
nh bp, nh tm, x ca nh cc loi, cc phng ca khch sn, khng nht thit phi
ni t v kim loi ca n in t c nh ca dng in cm tay (bn l, m un nc, my
ht bi,...) v di ng (bp in, my khu chy in, my bm nc,...). Trong cc
phng ni trn khi ni t v kim loi ca dng in t c nh cng nh ng kim loi
lun dy in dn ti chng.
8.3.Trong nh tm cng cng, bung tm cc loi nh v cng trnh cng cng, v
kim loi ca bn tm phi c dy kim loi ni ng dn nc bng kim loi.
8.4.Trong cc phng c trn treo, c cc kt cu bng kim loi phi ni khng c
kim loi cc n din treo hoc t ngm trong trn nh ny. 8.5.Trong cc phng
lm vic v phng phc v khc nhau ca cng trnh cng cng, cc phng khch sn,
nh cn h, k tc x, nh c sn vn... khi c cc l si bng hi nc nng v c cc
kt cu kim loi khc th phi ni khng cho v kim loi ca thit b dng in di
ng cm tay. cc phng ny, khi sn khng dn in v khi khng c cc ng ng dn
bng kim loi, h thng si bng hi nc nng v cc kt cu kim loi khc nh khi
t, khng yu cu ni khng v kim loi ca cc thit b in di ng hoc cm tay.
8.6. ni khng v kim loi cc thit b in dng in mt pha trong cc loi nh v
cng trnh cng cng cn phi t cc dy dn ring theo phng thng ng i qua
PPC, PPP BV v BCH. Mt ct ca cc dy dn ny phi bng mt ct dy pha. Dy ny
c ni vi dy khng bo v li in cung cp trc ng h in (v pha u vo) v sn kh
ph iu khin v bo v. (Nu ng kh c ny). 8.7.Cm s dng lm dy ni t hay ni
khng v kim loi ca cc ng bng kim loi mng cso ni ghp bng gp mp, cc ng
ni bng kim loi cng nh v ch ca cp in, cc ng ng dn bng kim loi (ng dn
nc nhin liu, kh t, hi nc nng, cc thng gi, ng x...) lm dy ni t hay
ni khng.
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13
Ph lc 1 Mt s thut ng, nh ngha
1) Thit b u vo (V) l tp hp cc kt cu, thit b v kh c in t u ng
dy
cung cp in vo nh hoc vo mt phn nh. Thit b phn phi in u vo (PPV)
l tp hp cc kt cu, thit b v kh c t u ng dy cung cp in vo nh hoc vo
mt phn nh, cng nh t u ng dy t V ra.
2) Bng (hp, t) phn phi chnh (PPC) l bng (hp, t) dng cp in nng
cho nh hoc mt phn nh. C th dng PPV hoc bng (t) in p ca trm l
PPC.
3) Bng (hp, t) phn phi ph (PPP) l bng (hp, t) phn phi nhn in nng
t PPC hoc PPV v phn phi ti cc bng (hp, t) in nhm v cc in phn phi ca
nh.
4) im phn phi bng (hp, t) in nhm l cc im (hp, t) in c t cc kh c
bo v chuyn hon cc dng in t ring l hoc tng nhm. (ng c in, n
in,...)
5) Bng (hp) in cn h (BCH) l bng (hp) in nhm t trong cn h hoc ti
gian cu thang hnh lang ca mi tng u vi li in cn h.
6) Bng (hp, t) in tng (BT) l cc bng (hp, t) in nhm t mi tng cp
in cho cc BCH v t gian cu thang, hnh lang mi tng. Trng hp BT ch c
cc ng h m in v cc kh c bo v t ng dy ra ca cc ng h ny th BT cn gi l
bng (hp, t) ng h m in (BH).
7) Phng t bng (t) in m phng l ca c kho, trong t V, PPV, PPP... v
ch c ngi qun l mi ti c.
8) Li in cung cp l cc ng dy t h thng phn phi ca TBA hoc cc nhnh
r t ng dy tryn ti in n PPV cng nh t PPV ti PPC, PPP v ti im phn phi
hoc cc bng (hp, t) in nhm.
9) Li in phn phi l cc ng dy cung cp cc n, cc cm. 10) Li in phn
phi l on li in t thng ng cung cp cho cc tng nh, theo dm,
v ko hoc cc kt cu xy dng ca nh cng trnh, hoc trn ct... 11) on ng
l on li in t thng ng cung cp cho cc tng nh v t trong nh . 12) ng dy
t h l ng dy t trn mt tng, trn nh, theo dm, v ko hc cc kt
cu xy dng ca nh v cng trnh, hoc treo trn ct...
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14
13) ng dy t kn l ng dy t bn trong cc phn xy dng ca nh (trong
tng, trn sn, di lp va trt tng, trt trn, di lp lng sn, gch lt sn,
hoc cc lp lt sn bng cc loi vt liu khc) cng nh trong cc cu kin xy
dng ca sn, trn nh hoc tng nh.
14) H s yu cu v ph ti Kc l t trng gia cng sut tnh ton Pm vi ong
sut t ca cc thit b tiu th in Ph.
Kc = Pm/Ph
15) H s ng thi v ph ti K cc i. K ca cc thit b tiu th in l t s
gia tng cng sut tnh ton Pm ca cc thit b tiu th vi tng cng sut tnh
ton cc i Pmi ca cc thit b tiu thu in.
K = Pm/Pmi
Ph lc 2 Phn loi cc h v thit b tiu thu in theo tin cy cung cp
in
Tn h v thit b tiu th in tin cy cung
cp in Ch thch I II III 1 2 3 4 5
I. Nh v k tc x 1. Nh n 7 tng + 2. Nh trn 7 tng + 3. cc ng c in
bm cha chy v thang my chiu sng s c v phn tn ngi trong nh v k tc x
trn 7 tng +
4. Cc thit b tiu th khc: + 5. K tc x vi s ngi n 200
+
Khi s tng
trn 7 xem mc XIII
6. K tc x vi s ngi trn 200 + II. Khch snh v nh ngh: 1. Khch sn,
nh ngh, moten, vi s ngi n 200 + Nt 2. Khch sn, nh ngh, m ten vi s
ngi trn 200 + Nt III. Cc x nghip phc v sinh hot i sng. 1. Nh n, nh
hng n ung gii kht, bar... vi s ch ngi n 75 ch ngi +
2. Nh n, nh hng n ung gii kht, bar... vi s ch ngi t +
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15
75 n 800 ch ngi 3. Cc ng c in bm cha chy, chiu sngs s c v phn tn
h thng b cha chy v tn hiu bo v trong cc nh hng, nh n, bar,... vi s
ch ngi trn 800 ch.
+
4. Cc thit b tiu th in khc + IV. cc ca hng 1. Cc ng c bm cha
chy, chiu sng s c v phn tn ngi, h thng cc thit b phng cha chy v tn
hiu bo v trong cc ca hng vi cc gian bn bch ha din tch t 1800m2 tr
ln.
+
2. Cc thit b tiu th in khc + 3. Cc ca hng c cc gian bn bch ha vi
din tch chng t 220 n 1800m2. +
4. Cc ca hng c cc gian bn bch ha vi din tch chung nh hn 22om2.
+
5. Cc trung tm thng nghip c cc ca hng v cc h bao thu khc. +
V. Cc x nghip phc v i sng 1. Cc x nghip git l nhum + 2. Nh tm cc
loi + 3. Ca hng ct tc, un tc + 4. Nh v sinh cng cng + 5. Ca hng sa
cha cc dng bng da, va... + 6. Ca hng sa cha in, xe my, xe p... + 7.
Ca hng sa cha may v qun o. + VI. Bnh vin, phng khm bn. 1. Cc thit b
tiu th in trong khi m, cp cu, gy m, hi sc, phng , chiu sng s c, ng
c in my cha chy, h thng ca thit b phng cha chy.
+
2. Phng bnh nhn tr phng cp cu + 3. Phng cp cu nh bnh nh + 4. Cc
thit b lm lnh, kho lanh, t lnh trong cc khoa xt nghim dc hc, huyt
hc, gii phu bnh l, nh xc. +
VII. Nh tr 1. Nh tr, vn tr, tri thiu nhi. + VIII. X nghip phc v
giao thng 1. Khu u xe t, xe in , xe in bnh hi + 2. Nh xe t vi s xe
n 50 + 3. Nh xe ci s xe trn 50 + 4. Trm tip xng, du + IX. Trng hc
1. Hc vin, trng i hc v trung hc chuyn nghip, trng dy ngh +
2. Cc phng lnh, kho lnh, t lnh + X. Tr s c quan, nh cng cng, hnh
chnh, qu tr, kho tng
1. Vin thit k, cc loi bo tng, trin lm, tr s cc c quan hnh chnh s
nghip cc cp...
2. Tr s c quan, vn phng v cc yu cu c bit. + + 3. Tr s v trm phng
cha chy ca thnh ph +
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16
XI. Cc cng trnh vn ha vn ngh 1. Rp ht thiu nhi, cung vn ha v nh
vn ha thiu nhi c: - Gian khn gi n 800 ch ngi + - Chiu sng s c, chiu
sng phn tn ngi + - ng c in my bm cha chy, bm nc v h thng t ng bo
chy +
2. Rp thiu nhi, cung vn ha v nh vn ha thiu nhi c gian khn gi trn
800 ch ngi
- Chiu sng s c, chiu sng phn tn ngi + - ng c in my cha chy, bm
nc v h thng t ng bo chy. +
3. Cng trnh vn ha ngh thut c gian khn gi di 800 ch +
- Chiu sng s c, chiu sng phn tn ngi + - ng c in my cha chy, bm
nc v h thng t ng bo chy. +
4. Cng trnh vn ha ngh thut c gian khn gi trn 800 ch - Chiu sng s
c, chiu sng phn tn ngi + - ng c in my cha chy, bm nc v h thng bo
chy. +
5. Cc thit b v tuyn truyn hnh, thu pht thanh v thng tin lin lc
vi gian khn gi bt k +
6. cc rp chiu phim vi ch ngi gian khn gi bt k + - Cc thit b
chuyn ng c kh ca sn khu + 7. Cc thit b ca trung tm v truyn hnh i
pht thanh i bn m... +
8. Cc thit b tiu th in khc + 9. Cc thit tr ca cc cung vn ha nh
vn ha... ngoi thnh c n 500 ch ngi +
XII. Cng trnh th dc th thao 1. Cng trnh th dc th thao c mi che c
n 800 ch ngi. ng c in bm cha chy, chiu sng s c, chiu sng phn tn
ngi, cc thit b phng cha chy v cc thit b tiu thu in khc...
+
2. B bi c hoc khng c mi che + 3. Cng trnh th dc th thao c n 800
ch ngi + 4. Chiu sng s c v phn tn ngi cho cc cng trnh th dc th thao
c trn 800 ch ngi +
XIII. Nh nhiu tng 1. Nh trn 7 tng + 2. Cc ng c bm cha chy thang
my, chiu sng s c v phn tn ngi. +
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17
Ph lc 3
Tn tht in p trn tng on ca li in trong nh
Cc on ca li in S tng nh Tn tht in p (%) khi s
n nguyn 1 2 n 8
1 2 3 4 - ng dy cp in bn ngoi nh di n 100m
4 n 9 10 '' 12 13 '' 16
1,4 n 1,5 1,8 '' 1,6 2,2 '' 1,7
1,8 n 1,6 2,0 '' 1,7 2,2 '' 1,8
- Nh trn nhng di t 100 n 200m 4 n 9 10 '' 12 13 '' 16
5,1 n 4,9 5,0 '' 4,8 4,9 '' 4,6
4,3 n 3,6 3,9 '' 3,3 3,5 '' 3,0
- ng dy cp in nm ngang trong nh 4 n 9 10 '' 12 13 '' 16
0,3 n 0.2 0,4 '' 0,3 0,4 '' 0,3
1,4 n 1,9 1,6 '' 1,2 1,8 '' 1,5
- on ng 4 n 9 10 '' 12 13 '' 16
0,3 n 0,1 0,4 '' 0,2 0,5 '' 0,3
0,5 n 0,3 0,6 '' 0,4 0,7 '' 0,5
- Li in nhm cn h 4 n 9 10 '' 12 13 '' 16
0,9 n 0,7 1,0 '' 0,8 1,0 '' 0,8
0,9 n 0,7 1,0 '' 0,8 1,0 '' 0,8
