TCXDVn 286 : 20032Li ni uTCXDVN 286 :2003 thay th mt phn cho mc 7 TCXD 79 : 1980.TCXDVN286:2003doVinKhoahcCngnghXydngbinson,VKhoahcCngnghBXydngtrnhduyt,BtrngBXydngbanhnhtheoQuyt nh s:.....14...ngy: ...05...thng......6.... nm 2003TCXDVn 286 : 20033mc lc1. Phm vi p dng ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................42. Tiu chun vin dn ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........43. Quy nh chung ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................44. Vt liu cc ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 64.1 Cc b tng ct thp ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 64.2 Cc thp ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................75. H cc bng ba ng v ba rung ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........86. H cc bng phng php p tnh ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 167. Gim st v nghim thu ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 188. An ton lao ng ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 19Ph lc A - Nht k h cc ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 20Ph lc B - H hng cc b tng ct thp khi ng ................................ ................................ ............. 26Ph lc C - Xc nh ng sut ng trong cc BTCT khi ng ................................ ...................... 28Ph lc D - Cu to m cc ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 35Ph lc E - Biu ghi chi ng cc ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 37TCXDVn 286 : 20034tiu chun xy dng vit namTcxdVN 286 : 2003Sot xt ln 1ng v p cc - Tiu chun thi cng v nghim thuPile driving and static jacking works - Standart for construction, check and acceptance1. Phm vi p dngTiuchunthicngvnghimthucngtcngvpccpdngchocccngtrnh xy dng thuc lnh vc xy dng, giao thng, thu li, thay th mt phn chomc 7: Mng cc v tng vy cc vn ca TCXD 79: 1980.Nhng cng trnh c iu kin a cht cng trnh c bit nh vng c hang cc -t,mi nghing, cng... m cha cp n trong tiu chun ny s c thi cngv nghim thu theo yu cu ca Thit k, hoc do T vn ngh vi s chp thunca Ch u t.2.Tiu chun vin dnTCVN4453:1995:Ktcubtngvbtngctthptonkhi -Quyphmthicng v nghim thu.TCVN205: 1998: Mng cc-Tiu chun thit kTCVN 4091 : 1985 : Nghim thu cc cng trnh xy dng.3. Quy nh chung3.1 Cc thut ng v nh ngha3.1.1 Cc ng l cc c h bng nng lng ng( va p, rung).3.1.2 Cc p l cc c h bng nng lng tnh, khng gy nn xung lng ln u cc.3.1.3 chi ca cc ng l ln ca cc di mt nht ba ng v 1 pht lmvic ca ba rung.3.1.4 Ti trng thit k l gi tr ti trng do Thit k d tnh tc dng ln cc.3.1.5Lcpnhnht(Pep)minllcpdoThitkquynhmbotitrngthit k ln cc, thng thng ly bng 150 200% ti trng thit k;3.1.6 Lc p ln nht(Pep)max l lc p do Thit k quy nh, khng vt qu sc chuti ca vt liu cc;c tnh ton theo kt qu xuyn tnh, khi khng c kt qu nyth thng ly bng 200 - 300% ti trng thit k.TCXDVn 286 : 200353.2 Thi cng h cc cn tun theo bn v thit k thi cng, trong bao gm: d liu vbtrcccngtrnhhincvcngtrnhngm; ngcpincchdnsulp t ng dy ti in v bin php bo v chng; danh mc cc my mc, thitb;trnhtvtinthicng;ccbinphpmboantonlaongvvsinhmitrng;bnvbtrmtbngthicngkcinn cvcchngmctmthi phc v thi cng.cysliuchothicngmngcc,nhtltrongiukinachtphctp,khicnthitNhthuphitinhnhng,pccccthvtinhnhthnghimccbngtitrngnghoctitrng tnhtheocngcaTvnhocThit k ra.3.3Trccnhvcctrcmngcnctinhnhtccmcchuntheongquynh hin hnh. Mc nh v trc thng lm bng cc cc ng, nm cch trc ngoicng ca mng khngt hn 10 m. Trong bin bn bn giaomc nh v phi c s b tr mc cng to ca chng cng nh cao ca cc mc chun dn t licao trnh thnh ph hoc quc gia. Vic nh v tng cc trong qu trnh thi cng phido cc trc c vin c kinh nghim tinhnh di s gim st ca k thut thi cngcc pha Nh thu v trong cc cng trnh quan trng phi c T vn gim st kimtra. chun ca li trc nh v phi thng xuyn c kim tra, c bit khi cmt mc b chuyn dch th cn c kim t ra ngay. sai lch ca cc trc so vithit k khng c vt qu 1cm trn 100 m chiu di tuyn.3.4 Chuyn ch, bo qun, nng dng cc vo v tr h cc phi tun th cc bin phpchng h hi cc. Khi chuyn ch cc b tng ct thp(BTCT) cng n h khi sp xpxung bi tp kt phi c h con k bng g pha di cc mc cu. Nghim cmvic ln hoc ko cc BTCT bng dy.3.5 Cng tc chun b3.5.1 Nh thu cn c vo h s thit k, yu cu ca Ch u tv iu kin mi trngc th lp bin php thi cng cc trong nn lu lm r cc iu sau:a) cng ngh thi cng ng/ p;b) thit b d nh chn;c) k hoch m bo cht lng, trong nu r trnh t h cc da theo iu kintnn,cchbtricc,slngcctrongi,phn gphpkimtrathng ng, kim tra mi hn, cch o chi, bin php an ton v m bo vsinh mi trng...;d) d kin s c v cch x l;e) tin thi cng....3.5.2 Trc khi thi cng h cc cn tin hnh cc cng tc chun b sau y:a) nghin cu iu kin a cht cng trnh v a cht thu vn, chiu dy, th nmv c trng c l ca chng;b) thm d kh nng c cc chng ngi di t c bin php loi b chng, sc mt ca cng trnh ngm v cng trnh ln cn c bin php phng nga nhhng xu n chng;TCXDVn 286 : 20036c) xem xt iu kin mi trng th ( ting n v chn ng) theo tiu chun mitrng lin quan khi thi cng gn khu dn c v cng trnh c sn;d)nghim thu mt bng thi cng;e)lplitrccnhvcctrcmngv tocccccnthicngtrnmtbng;f)kim tra chng ch xut xng ca cc;g)kim tra kch thc thc t ca cc;h) chuyn ch v sp xp cc trn mt bng thi cng;i) nh du chia on ln thn cc theo chiu di cc;k) t hp cc on cc trn mt t thnh cy cc theo thit k;l) t my trc c theo di thng ng ca cc v o chi ca cc.3.6 Hn ni cc on cc3.6.1 Ch bt u hn ni cc on cc khi:- kch thc cc bn m ng vi thit k;-trccaonccckimtrathngngtheohaiphngvunggcvinhau;- b mt u hai on cc ni phi tip xc kht vi nhau.3.6.2 ng hn mi ni cc phi m bo ng quy nh ca thit k v chu lc, khngc c nhng khuyt tt sau y:- kch thc ng hn sai lch so vi thit k;- chiu cao hoc chiu rng ca mi hn khng ng u;-nghnkhngthng,bmtmihnbr,khngngu,qunhit,cchyloang, ln x, b nt...3.6.3 Ch c tip tc h cc khi kim tra mi ni h n khng c khuyt tt.4. Vt liu cc4.1 Cc b tng ct thp4.1.1 Cc b tng ct thp c th l ccrng,titdinvnh khuyn (c ly tm) hoc ccc, tit din a gic u hoc vung ( c bng vn khun thng thng). B tng ccphi m bo mc thit k, cc c nghim thu theo tiu chun TCVN 4453 : 19954.1.2 Kim tra cc ti ni sn xut gm cc khu sau y:a) Vt liu :- chng ch xut xng ca ct thp, xi mng; kt qu th nghim kim tra mu thp,v ct liu ct, (si), xi mng, nc theo cc tiu chun hin hnh;- cp phi b tng;- kt qu th nghim mu b tng;- ng knh ct thp chu lc;- ng knh, bcct ai;- li thp tng cng v vnh thp b u cc;- mi hn ct thp ch vo vnh thp;TCXDVn 286 : 20037- s ng u ca l p b tng bo v;b) kch thc hnh hc :- s cn xng ca ct thp trong tit din cc;- kch thc tit din cc;- vung gc ca tit din cc u cc vi trc;- chm u n ca mi cc;4.1.3 Khng dng cc on cc c sai lch v kch th c vt qu quy nh trong bng1, v ccon cc cvt nt rng hn 0.2mm. su vtnt gc khng qu 10mm, tng din tch do lm, st gc v r t ong khng qu 5% tng din tch b mtcc v khng qu tp trung.Bng 1- sai lch cho php v kch thc ccTTKch thc cu to sai lch cho php1 2 31Chiu di on cc, m s 10 30 mm2 Kch thc cnh (ng knh ngoi) tit din cacc c (hoc rng gia)+ 5 mm3 Chiu di mi cc 30 mm4 cong ca cc (li hoc lm) 10 mm5 vng ca on cc 1/100 chiu di t cc6 lch mi cc khi tm 10 mm7 Gc nghing ca mt u cc vi mt phng thnggc trc cc:- cc tit din a gic nghing 1%- cc trn nghing 0.5%8 Khong cch t tm mc treo n u on cc 50 mm9 lch ca mc treo so vi trc cc 20 mm10 Chiu dy ca lp b tng bo v 5 mm11 Bc ct thp xon hoc ct thp ai 10 mm12 Khong cch gia cc thanh ct thp ch 10 mm13 ng knh cc rng 5 mm14 Chiu dy thnh l 5 mm15 Kch thc l rng so vi tim cc 5 mm4.2 Cc thp4.2.1 Ccthpthngcchtotthpnghocthphnhcnnng.Chiudiccon cc chn theo kch thc ca khng gian thi cng cng nh kch thc v nnglc ca thit b h cc.4.2.2 Mt u cc on cc phi phng v vung gc vi trc cc, nghing khngqu1%.4.2.3 Chiu dy ca cc thp ly theo quy nh ca thit k thng bng chiu dy chu lctheo tnh ton cng vi chiu dy chu n mn.TCXDVn 286 : 200384.2.4 Trong trng hp cn thit c th thc hin lp bo v bng phunva xi mng mccao, cht do hoc phng php in ho.4.2.5 Cconccthpcnihn,chiucaovchiudinghnphituntheothit k.5.H cc bng ba ng v ba rung5.1 Tu theo nng lc trang thit b hin c, iu kin a cht cng trnh, quy nh caThit k v chiu su h cc v chi quy nh Nh thu c th la chn thit b hcc ph hp. Nguyn tc la chn ba nh sau:a) c nng lng h cc n chiu su thit k vi chi quy nh trong thitk, xuyn qua cc lp t dy k c tng kp cng;b) gy nn ng sut ng khng ln hn ng sut ng cho php ca cc hn chkh nng gy nt cc;c) tng s nht phoctng thi gian h cc lin tc khng cvt qu gi trkhng ch trong thit k ngn nga hin tng cc b mi;d) chi ca cc khng nn qu nh c th lm hng u ba.5.2 La chn ba ng cc theo kh nng chu ti ca cc trong thit k v trng lngcc. Nng lng cn thit ti thiu ca nht ba p E c xc nh theo cng thc:E = 1.75 a P (1)trong : E - Nng lng p ca ba, kGm;a - h s bng 25 kG.m/tnP - kh nng chu ti ca cc, tn, quy nh trong thit k.Loi ba c chn vi nng lng nht p Ett phi tho mn iu kin:kEq Qttns(2)trong : k - h s quy nh trong bng 2;Qn- trng lng ton phn ca ba, kG;q - trng lng cc (gm c trng lng m v m u cc), kGi vi ba i--zen, gi tr tnh ton nng lng p ly bng:i vi ba ng Ett = 0.9 QHi vi ba cn Ett = 0.4 QHQ - trng lng phn p ca ba, kG;H - chiu cao ri thc t phn p ba khi ng giai on cui, i vi bang H= 2.8 m; i vi ba cn c trng lng phn p l 1250, 1800 v 2500kG th H tng ng l 1.7; 2 v 2.2 m.TCXDVn 286 : 20039Bng 2- H s chn ba ngLoi ba H s kBa i--zen kiu ng v song ngBa n ng v i--zen kiu cnBa treo653Ch thch: Khi h cc bng phng php xi nc th cc h s ni trn c tng thm 1.5.5.3 Khicnphingxuynquacclptchtnndngccbacnnglngpln hn cc tr s tnh ton theo cc cng thc (1) v (2), hoc c th dng bin phpkhoan dn trc khi ng hoc bin php xi nc.Khi chn ba ng cc xin nn tng nng lng p tnh theo cng thc (1) vih s k1 cho trong bng 3.Bng 3- H s chn ba ng cc xin nghing ca cc H s k15:14:13:12:11:11.11.151.251.41.75.4 Loi ba rung h cc chn theo t s K0 / Qt tu thuc vo iu kin t nn v chiusu h cc.K0- m men lch tm, T.cm;Qt- trng lng ton phn gm trng lng cc, ba rung v m u cc, tn.Gi tr ca t s ny khi dng ba rung vi tc quay bnh lch tm 300 500 vng/pht khng c nh hn tr s cho trong bng 4.Bng 4 -T s K0 / QtK0/Qt khi su hcc Tnh cht t mcc xuyn quaPhng php h< 15 m >15 mCtnonc,bn,stdomm v do chyCtm,tst,stdomm, cngStcng,nacng,ct,si,snKhngxincvlytrakhi ccXi nc tun hon v ly tkhi lng cc ngXi nc v ly t khi lngcc thp hn c mi cc0.801.101.301.01.301.60Ch thch: Khi chn ba rung h cc ng c ng knh ln hn 1.2 m nn u tincho cc myclthotatttronglng ccngra ngoimkhngphitholpmy.Trongtrnghp cn rung h cc cc ng knh ln nn dng hai ba rung ghp i ng b trn mt trungchuyn; khi cc gi tr K0 v Qt phi l tng cc ch tiu tng ng ca hai ba rung.TCXDVn 286 : 2003105.5 Khi rung h cc trn rng hoc cc dng tm cn c cc bin php chng kh nngxut hin cc vt nt hoc h hng cc:- trnh s tng p sut khng kh trong lng cc do y kht nn dng chp u ccc cc l hng c tng din tch khng t hn 0.5% din tch tit din ngang ca cc;- trnh sinh ra p lc thu ng nguy him ca nc trong t lng cc c th gynt rn cc-ng BTCT phi c bin php ht nc hoc truyn khng kh. c th d bo trc nhng h hng c th xy ra khi rung h cc - ng nn dngthit b o gia tc, trong trng hp khng c thit b th tin hnh quan st mc tiu tn cng sut ba ( hoc in nng) v bin giao ng ca cc. Nu thy cngsut ba v bin giao ng ca cc tng, lin kt ba rung v u cc vn kht mtc h cc li b gim th chng t mi cc gp chng ngi; khi cn dngmy, tm cch loi b chng ngi bng cch ly t lng cc v bm ra y cc.Khi rung h cc trong ct v ct gi ai on cui th nn gim tn s v rung cc trongkhong 710 pht su thit k lm cht t trong lng v xung quanh cc.5.6 Khirunghccbnhthngtclccthngsbarungnnh,cckhnggpchng ngi th theo s tng tin ca chiu su, tc h cc, bin giao ng vcng sut my s b gim do ma st bn ca cc tng dn. tng chiu su h ccnn tng cng sut ng c cho n cng sut thit k. Khi tc h cc gim ti 2 -5cm/ pht v bin giao ng khong 5mm th c c s kh xung tip; cn phi tinhnh xi nc hoc ly t lng cc cng vi vic chy ht cng sut ng c.5.7 Khi ng cc bng ba phi dng m cc v m g ph hp vi tit din ngang ca cc.Cc khe h gia mt bn ca cc v thnh m cc mi bn khng nn vt qu 1 cm.Cn phi sit cht cng ba rung h cc vi cc.Khinicconcctrnrngvcc -ngphimbongtmcachng.Khi cn thit phi dng b g c nh v thit b dn hng tng chnh xc.Khi thi cng cc vng sng nc nn tin hnh khi sng khng cao hn cp 2. Ccphng tin ni cn c neo gi chc chn.5.8 Trong qu trnh h cc cn ghi chp nht k theo mu in sn (c th xem ph lc A).ng 520 cc u tin cc im khc nhau trn khu vc xy dng phi tin hnhcn thn c ghi chp s nht ba cho tng mt chiu su v ly chi cho lot bacui cng. Nh thu nn dng th nghim phn tch sng ng sut trong cc( PDA) kim tra vic la chn ba v kh nng ng ca ba trong cc iu kin xc nh(t nn, ba, cc...)5.9 Vo cui qu trnh ng cc khi chi gn t ti tr s thit k th vic ng ccbngbanngphitinhnhtngnhtdtheodichichominht;khingbngbahisongngcnphiolncacc, tnspcabavplchichotngpht;khidngbadi --zenthchicxcnhttrtrungbnh ca lot 10 nht sau cng.Cc khng t chi thit k th cn phi ng b kim tra sau khi c nghtheo quy nh. Trong trung hp chi khi ng kim tra vn ln hn chi thitTCXDVn 286 : 200311k th T vnvThitk nn cho tin hnh th tnh cc vhiu chnh li mt phnhoc ton b thit k mng cc.5.10 Trong giai on u khi ng cc bng ba n ng nn ghi s nht ba v caori ba trung bnh cc i c 1m; khi dng ba hi th ghi p lc hi trung bnhv thi gian cc i c 1m v tn s nht p trong mt pht. chi phi o vi chnh xc ti 1mm. chi kim tra c o cho 3 lot ba cui cng. i vi ba n v ba i--zenthmtlotl10nht;ivibahithmtlotlsnhtbatrongthigian2pht; i vi ba rung 1 lotcng l thi gian ba lm vic trong 2 pht.Thi gian ngh ca cc trc khi ng kim tra ph thuc vo tnh cht cc l p txung quanh v di mi cc nhng khng nh hn:a) 3 ngy khi ng qua t ct;b) 6 ngy khi ng qua t st.5.11 Trongtrnghpkhithicngthayiccthngscabahoccccchdn trong thit k thchid,e,lcnghocngkim traphithomniu kin:1 T12T ttq q Q) q q ( Q.nFMkPMkPnFEe t \'\/s(3)Nuchid,e,nhhn0.2cm(viiukinlbadngngphhpviyu cu iu 4.1), th chi ton phn( bng tng chi n hi v chi d)phi tho mn iu kin:

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\''\/O s o) h H ( g 2q QQ nFn4kP2 kPkPcq QQE 2c e0tt(4)Trong cc cng thc trn:e - chi d, cm, bng ln ca cc domt nht ba ngv 1 pht lmvic ca ba rung;c - chi n hi( chuyn v n hi ca t v cc), cm, c xc nh bngdng c o chi;n - h s tra theo bng 5, T/ m2;Bng 5- H s nLoi cc H s n (T/m2)Cc BTCT c mCc thp c m150500TCXDVn 286 : 200312F -dintchtheochuvingoicaccchocrng(khngphthucvocc c hay khng c mi nhn), m2;Ett- nng lng tnh ton ca nht p, tn.cm, ly theo iu 2.1 cho ba i --zen,batreovbannglybngQH,khidngbahisongnglytheo l lch my, i vi ba rung ly theo nng lng nht p quy i, chotrong bng 6;Bng 6 - Nng lng quy iLc cng bc(tn)10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Nng lng nhtpquy i(T.cm)450 900 1300 1750 2200 2650 3100 3500Q - trng lng phn p ca ba, T;H - chiu cao ri thc t phn p ca ba, cm;k - h s an ton v t, ly k= 1.4 trong cng thc(3) v k= 1.25 trong cngthc (4); cn trong xy dng cu khi s lng cc trong tr ln hn 20 th k =1.4, t 11 20 cc thk = 1.6, t 6 10 ccth k = 1.65, t 1 5 cc th k =1.75;P - kh nng chu ti ca cc theo thit k, T;M - h s ly bng 1 cho ba ng v theo bng 7 cho ba rung;QT- trng lng ton phn ca ba hoc ba rung, T;t - h s phc hi va p, ly t2 = 0.2 khi ng cc BTCT v cc thp c dngm cc m g, cn khi dng ba r ung th t2 = 0;q - trng lng cc v m cc, T;q1- trng lng cc m, tn; khi dng ba rung q1= 0;h - chiu cao cho ba i --zen h = 50cm, cc loi khc h = 0;O - din tch mt bn ca cc, m2;n0 v no- cc h s chuyn i t sc khng ng c a t sang sc khng tnh,no = 0.25 giy.m/ tn; n0 = 0.0025 giy.m/ tn;g - gia tc trng trng( g = 9.81m/ gy2)KhitnhtheocngthcngHilleyrtgnthchicthkimtratheocngthc:0ur fe 5 . 0QHW ee =(4a)e - chi ca cc( tnh trung bnh cho 20 cm cui cng), m;ef- hiu sut c hc ca ba ng cc; mt s gi tr c kin ngh nh sau:TCXDVn 286 : 200313- ba ri t do iu khin t ng, ef = 0.8- ba i--zen, ef = 0.8- ba ri t do nng bng cp ti, ef = 0.4- ba hi n ng, ef = 0.6;Bng 7: H s MLoi t di mi cc H s MSi sn c ln ctCt: - ht trung v th- ht nh cht va- ct bi cht va ct do, st v st cng st v st -na cng st v st -do cng1.31.21.11.00.90.80.7Ch thch: Khi ct cht gi tr h s M c tng thm 60%H - chiu cao ri ba, m;Wr- trng lng ca ba ng, T;ep r f0FEL HW e 2e =Qu- kh nng mang ti cc hn ca cc, thng thng ly vi h san ton Fs > 3Lp- chiu di cc, m;F - din tch tit din cc, m2Ee- m un n hi ca vt liu cc, T/ m2.5.12 Nutrongthitkmngccngcquynhtmbingiaongkhispdngrung cc th bin dao ng cc cc - ng ng knh ngoi n 2m, vi tc hcc t 2 n 20 cm trong 1 pht c tnh theo cng thc:\'\/sv vx nQ7 . 0 Pn) N N 85 . 0 ( 153A(5) trong :A -binlybng1/2lctonphncagiaongnhngphtcuitrc lc dng rung, cm;TCXDVn 286 : 200314Nn- cng sut hu hiu ton phn giai on cui, KW;Nx- cng sut vn hnh khng ti, i vi ba rung tn s thp, ly bng 25%cng sut thuyt minh ca ng c in, KW;nv- tc quay ca b lch trong ba rung, vng / pht;P - kh nng chu ti ca cc - ng, T; - h s ph thuc vo t s gia sc khng ng v sc khng tnh ca t,cho trong bng 8 v bng 9;Qv-trnglngcahthngrung,bngtngtrnglngcabarungvchp u cc.Bng 8- H s cho ctH s cho t ctTn tTh Va NhCt no ncCt m4.53.55.04.06.05.0Bng 9: H s cho stH s cho t st khi stTn tIL > 0.750.5