PSIKODINAMIKA DAN PSIKOPATOLOGI GANGGUAN JIWAJESIKA PASARIBU081910512758-081348150168

Learning ObjectivesPD mampu memahami konsep psikodinamika gangguan jiwaPD mampu memahami konsep psikopatologi gangguan jiwaPD mampu menjelaskan konsep gangguan jiwa secara bio-psiko-sosiocultural

PSYCHOBIOLOGICALASSUMPTION

FUNGSI & STRUKTUR NEURON

CONDUCTION OF ELECTRICAL IMPULSESNEUROTRANSMITTERSRECEPTORS

3. NEUROTRANSMITTER

CHEMICAL MESSANGERSDIKELUARKAN DI PRESYNAPTIC NEURONPROSES DIFUSI PADA SYNAPSE - POST SYNAPSESPECIALIZED RECEPTORSINHIBIT ATAU STIMULATES DIKELUARKAN DAN KEMUDIAN DIHANCURKAN ATAU DIAMBIL KEMBALI ( RECYCLING )

Biological Contributions to PsychopathologyNeurotransmittersSerotoninregulates moods, thought processes, regulation of eating, sexual and aggressive behavior Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)Reduces anxiety, overall arousal and emotional responses (aggressive behavior, hostility)

Biological Contributions to PsychopathologyNorepinephrineControls heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration; contributes to panic attacks, anxiety and mood disorders (beta-blockers)DopamineActivates other neurotransmitters and aids in exploratory and pleasure-seeking behaviorsExcess is implicated in schizophrenia and deficit in Parkinsons disease

Neurotransmitter/ Receptor/ Disorder DopamineDASchizophrenia, ManiaParkinsons, Depression

NorepinephrineNEManiaDepression

Serotonin5-HTAnxietyDepression

Gamma-amino-GABAReduction of buturic acidanxiety AnxietyAcetyl-CholineAchDepressionAlzheimers

Other Biological InfluencesPsychoimmunologyNeuroendocrinology

Psychodynamic ApproachThe key assumption of the psychodynamic approach is that all human behaviour can be explained in terms of inner conflict of the mind.

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES

Theory of personality Freud believed that within the mind there are 3 aspects of your personality that determine how you behave

The Mind

BASIC PRINCIPLES

Freud Psychosexual Stages

Oral (0-18 months ) Anal (18months-3yrs) Phallic (3-6yrs.) Latency (6-12yrs) Genital (13-20yrs)

TEORI INTERPERSONAL (SULLIVAN 1953)ASUMSI : Perilaku seseorang dan perkembangan kepribadian merupakan hasil dari hubungan interpersonal

Major concepts

SULLIVANINTERPERSONAL DEVELOPMENT STAGEInfant (sd 18 bulan)Childhood (18 bln-6 tahun)Juvenile (6-9 tahun)Pre Adolesence (9-12 tahun)Early Adolesence (12-14 tahun)Late Adolesence (14-21 tahun)

TEORI PSIKOSOSIAL (ERIK ERIKSON, 1963)ASUMSI : Setiap tahap perkembangan harus dilewati agar tidak terjadi krisis perkembangan dan untuk perkembangan emosional

ERICKSON Interpersonal development stage

Trust vs MistrustAutonomy vs Shame and DoubtInitiative vs GuiltIndustry vs InferiorityIdentity vs Role ConfusionIntimacy vs IsolationGenerativity vs StagnationEgo Integrity vs Despair

SOSIOCULTURAL

DIAGNOSIS OF PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS Medical- DSM-IV-TV (Diagnostic and Statistical Classification of Mental Disorders)

Nursing- NANDA (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association)

**Id unconscious set of instincts which we are born with. Operates on the pleasure principle (completely selfish). Driven by an innate drive to seek immediate satisfaction.

Ego by the end of the infants 1st year the ego develops. The conscious rational part of the mind (personal moral authority). Develops as a consequence of reality because you cant always get what you want. Controls the fights between the id & the superego.

Superego (around 5) last part to develop (later in childhood) and is concerned with what is right and wrong (morality driven). It develops through the process of socialization when people learn moral standards and expectations.*