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The Independent Edueation Consultants Assoeiationreeognizes The Ргiпееtоп Reviewas avaluabIe reS9uree(ог IIigl1 sellOol апd eollege studепts аррlуiпg to collegeand graduate sehool.

The Prineeton Review, 'пе.

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Copyright © 2007 Ьу The Prineeton Review, Ine.

AII rights reserved. PubIished 'п the United States Ьу

Random House, Ine., New York, and simultaneously'п Canada Ьу Random House of Canada Limited,Toronto.

ISBN 978-0-375-76611-4ISSN 1936-4040

GMAT is а registered trademark of the GraduateManagement Admission Couneil, whieh does notendorse this book.

Editors: Melody Mareus, WendyVoelkleProduetion Editor: Katie O'NeillProduetion Coordinator: Kim HowieIllustrations Ьу: The Produetion Department of ThePrineeton Review

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2008 Edition

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AcknowledgmentsOuг GMAT couгse is much тоге than clever techniques and powerful computerscore reports; the reason ouг results аге great is that ouг teachers саге so muchabout their students. Thanks to all the teachers who have made the GMAT couгse

so successful. but in particular the соге group of teachers and development peoplewho helped get it off the ground: Alicia Ernst. Тот Meltzer. Paul Foglino. John Shee­han. Mark Sawula. Nell Goddin. Teresa Connelly. and Phillip Уее.

Thanks also to Editorial Director Melody Marcus. Editors Briana Gordon andWendy Voelkle. Production Editors Katie Q'Neill and М. Tighe Wall. and ProductionCoordinator Kim Howie.

Special thanks to Adam Robinson. who conceived of and perfected the Joe Bloggsapproach to standarized tests and тапу of the other successful techniques used Ьу

The Princeton Review.

ContentsForeword '" VII

Exclusive Тools viii

Part 1: Orientation........ 1

Introduction........................................... 3

2 How to Think About the GMAТ 11

3 Cracking the System: Basic Principles 15

4 Cracking the System: Intermediate Principles 23

5 Cracking the System: Advanced Principles 31

6 Taking the GMAT 41

Part II:How to Crack the Math GMAT '" 49

7 GMAT Math: Basic Principles 51

8 РОЕ and GMAT Math 63

9 Arithmetic..... 73

1О Algebra '" 109

11 Applied Arithmetic 131

12 Geometry 149

13 Data Sufficiency 185

Part 111: How to Crack the Verbal GMAT..................................... 217

14 Sentence Correction............................................................... 219

15 Reading Comprehension 253

16 Critical Reasoning 279

Part IV: How to Crack the Writing Assessment 313

17 Analytical Writing Assessment................................................. 315

Part У: Answer Кеу to Drills 345

Part VI: The Princeton Review GMATWarm-Up and Explanations 351

18 GMAT Warm-Up Test 353

19 GMAT \'/\/arm-Up Test Scoring Guide 369

20 GMAT Warm-Up Test: Answers and Explanations 373

Part VII: The Princeton Review GMAT Practice Testand Explanations :.......................... 397

21 GMAT Practice Test 399

22 GMAT Practice Test: Answers and Explanations 451

Part VIII: Appendix 575

23 Ouick Math Review 577

24 Applying to Business School 583

About the Author . 591

Foreword"т glad you bought this book.

Primarily "т glad because you've ргоЬаЫу heard good things about The PrincetonReview. Ouг tutors and teachers аге carefully chosen and supported, and ouг tutor­ing and classroom couгses continue to produce unmatched gains in GMAT scores.And we attract people like Geoff Martz, who is опе of the most insightful and artic­ulate instructors I've met, to make sure this book reflects everything we've learnedabout the t8St and the best ways to ргераге for it.

"т also glad because it means you're going to raise youг GMAT score, and you'regoing to do it without memorizing dozens of math theorems ог the complete rulesof English grammar. The information needed to do well оп this test is surprisinglylimited, and we'lI concentrate оп а small number of crucial concepts.

Students who feel that their standardized test scores do not reflect their collegegrades ог business acumen ргоЬаЫу SlJSpect that there's тоге to mastering опе ofthese tests than just honing rusty math and verbal skills. At their root, these tests аге

trying to measuгe youг 10. They do so with ап аггау of tricks, тапу of which lead youto wrong answers (called, fittingly, distracters). Some of ouг techniques address thosetricks; I think you'll find them fun and useful оп every standardized test you take.

Despite Geoff's great skill, this book can't mold itself around your strengthsand weaknesses as effectively as our instructors ог online programs. For thisreason, we've created supplementary online tools that you сап access atPrincetonReview.com, опсе you've registered the serial number at the back ofyouг book. Using the online exams, we сап help you spend youг time тоге wisely toachieve the best results possible.

So good luck оп the GМАТ! And if you need тоге help, ог just want tofind the right business school ог the best way to рау for it, please stop Ьу

PrincetonReview.com/mba ог cal1 us at 800-2REVIEW (international studentsshould call1-212-874-8282).

John KatzmanFounder and СЕО

Foreword I v i i

N ow Playing: The Princeton Review

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application

• DеLщl~dsнаtеgic advice ~l1 sornc of rllC ПЮSJiшропаm aspccts оЕ

Part 1Orientation1 Introduction2 How to Think About the GMAT3 Cracking the System: Basic Principles4 Cracking the System: Intermediate Principles5 Cracking the System: Advanced Principles6 Taking the GMAT

Part 11How to Crack theMathGMAT

7 GMAT Math: Basic Principles8 РОЕ and GMAT Math9 Arithmetic10 Algebra11 Applied Arithmetic12 Geometry13 Data Sufficiency

..

About the AuthorGeoff Mart'Z. attended Dartmouth College and Columbia University beforejoining 1he Рriпсеюп Review in 1985 as а teacher and writ:er. Geoff headedthe development t:eam that designed 1he Рriпсеюп Review's GMAT course,now taught in more than50 cities around the country. Не is t:he author orcoauthor of Cracking the АСТ, Paying for College Without Going Broke, and

Cracking the GED.