Thu Nhap Va Chi Tieu

7/23/2019 Thu Nhap Va Chi Tieu

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Kinh tVm

Thu nhpv Chi tiu


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Nhli3 phng php tnh GDP

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Snxut

Thu nhpChi tiu

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Schu chuynkinh tvm

3


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Schu chuynv cc ngnhtthcquan trng Y = C + I + G + XM [1] YT = C + Sp => Y = C + Sp + T [2]

Sp = Titkimcakhu vctnhn Sg = TG = Titkimcakhu vcchnh ph

Sf = MX = Titkimcakhu vcncngoi = Dng vnvo [1]&[2] suy ra:

I + G + X = Sp + T + M [3]

(SpI) + (TG) = (XM) [4]I = Sp + Sg + Sf = Sn + Sf = S [5] nghatngng nhtthc?

V d[5]: Chi tiu ut= Titkimqucgia + Dng vnvo

trong mtnnkinh tm 4


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Tngcuv tngKeynes

Cc thnh phnchyucatngcuhay tngchi tiu(AD hay AE) l g? [Phn bitgiannkinh tngvnnkinh tm]

tngpha cucaKeynes v cuciKhnghong1929-1933

5


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Bi hchm nay:

Nnkinh tng (khng c khu vcchnh ph)AE = C + I

Hm tiu dng (C)

Thu nhpkhdngtc ngchi tiu tiu dngThu nhptnglai kvngv cacitc ngnchi tiu tiu dng

Cc nhn txc nhchi tiu ut(I)

Phn bitutdkinv uttnkho ngoi dkin

iuchnhtnkho - nnkinh tttrngthi cn bngmisau mtc sccu

Tisao chi tiu utcxem l chbo quan trngcatnh trngtnglai cannkinh t


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Chi tiu tiu dng (Consumer Spending)

Hm tiu dng (consumption function)

chi tiu tiu dng cahgia nhthay itheo thu nhpkhdnghinhnh.

C = C(Y-T)

C = a + MPC(Y-T)

a: tiu dng tnh

MPC: khuynh hng tiu dng bin

V d: C = 100 + 0,8 (Y-T)

MPC (marginal propensity toconsume): tiu dng tngthm khi thu nhpkhdngtngthm 1 nv.

MPS (marginal propensity to

save): Khuynh hngtitkimbin.

MPC + MPS = 1


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Hm tiu dng (The Consumption Function)

MPC =C/(Y-T)


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Thu nhpkhdng(Disposable Income) v chitiu tiu dng cangiM, 2003


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Dchchuyncahm tiu dng

Hm tngtiu dng dchchuynplisthay icathunhptnglai kvngv caci.


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Chi tiu ut(Investment Spending)Chi tiu utdkin(Planned investment spending)l chi

tiu utm cc doanh nghipln khochthchintrong sutmtthikcho trcno .

Cc thnh phncau tI?

I Phthucnghchbinvi:

Li sut (interest rate), v

Nnglcsnxuthinhu(existing production capacity)

V phthucngbinvi:

GDP thctnglai kvng(expected future real GDP).Theo nguyn tcgia tc(accelerator principle), mttltngtrngGDP thccao hnko theo chi tiu utdkincao hn.


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Binngcachi tiu utv tiu dng

I binng lnso viC qua 5 t suy gim

kinh t Hoa K


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Tnkho v chi tiu utngoi dkin

Tnkho (Inventories) trlnghng ha gilithamndoanh sbn tnglai.

uttnkho (Inventory investment) l gi trthay icatnglngtnkho cgilicannkinh tsutmtthikchotrc.

uttnkho ngoi dkin(Unplanned inventoryinvestment) xyra khi doanh sbn thctnhiuhnhay t hnnhngg doanh nghipkvng, dnnthay itnkho ngoi dkin.

Chi tiu utthct(Actual investment spending) l tngcachi tiu utdkinv chi tiu utngoi dkin.


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ngsau sdchchuyncangtngcu:M hnh Thu nhpChi tiu

Cc ginhnditintrnh snhn:1. Mcgi chung cnh.

2. Li sutcnh.

3. Thu, chuynnhng, chi mua cachnh phul zero.4. Khng c ngoithng.


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Tngchi tiu dkinv GDP

GDP = C + IYD = GDP

C = A + MPC YD

AEPlanned= C + IPlannedTngchi tiu dkin(Planned aggregate spending) ltngchi tiu chochnhcannkinh t.


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Tngchi tiu dkinv GDP


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Cn bngThu nhpChi tiu

Nnkinh t trngthi cn bngThu nhpChi tiu (income

expenditure equilibrium) khi GDP bngvitngchi tiu dkin(planned aggregate spending).

GDP cn bngThu nhpChi tiu) Incomeexpenditureequilibrium GDP l mcGDP m tiGDP bngvitngchi tiu

dkin(aggregate spending).


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Khi tngchi tiu dkin>Y*, uttnkho ngoi dkinm; c

mtsstgimngoi dnh(unanticipated reduction)trongtnkho v doanh nghiptngsnxut.

Khi tngchi tiu dkin


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imcho Keynes (Keynesiancross ) l sxc nhcn bngthu nhpchi tiu nhl imm ngtngchi tiu dkinctng45 .


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Tintrnh snhn v iuchnhtnkho


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Tintrnh snhn v iuchnhtnkho


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Nghchl catitkim(The Paradox of Thrift)Nghchl titkim(Paradox of Thrift), hgia nhv nh sn

xutctgimchi tiu do dkinvthikkinh tkh khntrongtnglai.

Hnh ngny lm trmtrngthm nnkinh t, lm cho hgianhv nh snxutcng tithn.

N cgil nghchl (a paradox) biv nhngg thngltt(titkimcung cpchnh gia nhbntrong lc kh khn) th lil

xu (v n lm cho mingithn)


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ngdng1

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ngdng2

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ngdng3

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Thu Nhap Va Chi Tieu