thuyet minh HT M&E

LP THC HNH THIT K M&E Email : [email protected]

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g

CONG TY CO PHAN T VAN

*********** CONG TRNH : CHU AU T : BAN QUAN LY NANG CAP O TH


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THUYET MINH THIET KE CUNG CAP IEN Cong trnh : MUC LUC

I- HE THONG IEN: II. HE THONG CAP THOAT NC: 1. HE THONG CAP NC 2. HE THONG THOAT NC

III- HE THONG ACMV: 1. HE THONG THONG GIO 2. HE THONG HKK

IV- HE THONG PCCC . 1. HE THONG BAO CHAY 2. HE THONG EN CHIEU SANG S CO VA THOAT HIEM 3. HE THONG TAO AP CAU THANG. 4. HE THONG CA THOAT HIEM 5. HE THONG CHONG SET 6. HE THONG CHA CHAY

V- HE THONG PHU TR: 1. HE THONG AM THANH THONG BAO. 2. HE THONG IEN THOAI 3. HE THONG TRUYEN HNH CAP. VII-HE THONG THANG MAY


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I. HE THONG IEN: 1 - PHAM VI CONG VIEC: - Thiet ke cung cap ien phan ong lc vi mc tieu thu va phu tai c yeu cau trc bao gom cac hang muc sau: + Phan tch phu tai + He thong phan phoi va cac s o nguyen ly. + Thong so ky thuat cac thiet b ien chnh trong mang phan phoi ien. + Tnh toan he thong cap ong lc cung cap ien. - He thong thiet ke se at c cac yeu cau sau: + An toan cho con ngi va thiet b. + o tin cay trong cung cap ien. + o rui ro do hoa hoan gay ra la toi thieu. + Thuan tien trong viec quan ly, van hanh va bao dng. + Thch hp cho cong tac sa cha va phat trien trong tng lai. + Thuan tien va nhanh chong trong viec thay the thiet b trong khi van hanh. 2 - CAC QUY PHAM VA CAC TIEU CHUAN - Trong qua trnh thiet ke, lap at, kiem tra va chay th se phai tuan theo cac quy nh va tieu chuan, quy pham ang ap dung hien hanh tai Viet Nam va Quoc Te. Cac tieu chuan va quy nh sau ay c ap dung. TCXD 16/1986 Tieu chuan thiet ke chieu sang. TCXD 25/1991 Tieu chuan thi cong lap at thiet b. TCXD 27/1991 Tieu chuan thiet ke va tnh toan he thong ien IEC 60364 Phan thiet ke mang ha ap trong cac toa nha. IEC 60947-2 Tieu chuan ve thiet b ien mang ha the. - Trong trng hp co bat ky sai lech hay oi lap nao cua cac thong so ky thuat nay so vi cac quy nh va tieu chuan th thong so ky thuat nay se khong co tac dung. 3 - TONG QUAT VE HE THONG IEN: - Hien tai ay la cong trnh va xay dng mi lay nguon 380/220V t tram ha ap va may phat ien d phong e cung cap ien cho toan cong trnh nay. 4 - MO TA HE THONG IEN: - Sau khi phan tch va tnh toan cong suat phu tai cho toan he thong ien cua cong trnh CHUNG C TAN HOA ONG . S dung hai nguon ien chnh la li ien quoc gia va may phat d phong e cung cap cho toan bo cong trnh thong qua tu ien chnh MSB. - Cac phu tai cung cap gom:


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+ Phu tai chieu sang + Phu tai o cam cong suat nho. + Phu tai ien lanh. + Phu tai bm nc sinh hoat. + Phu tai PCCC. + Cac phu tai khac: Am thanh, Bao chay.

5 - THIET KE HE THONG IEN: - He thong ien cua hang muc nay c chia ra thanh cac phan sau:

1. He thong chieu sang: - Thiet ke he thong chieu sang bao gom cac hang muc sau: + Chieu sang lam viec. + Chieu sang s co. + Chieu sang phan tan ngi. + Chieu sang bao ve. - Tieu chuan thiet ke: - He thong chieu sang c thiet ke theo tieu chuan chieu sang nhan tao trong cac nha va cong trnh cong cong 27-TCXD, tieu chuan chieu sang quoc te CIE 12.2, tieu chuan Anh BS 5489 va tieu chuan chieu sang IEC 60598. - Theo tieu chuan Viet Nam TCXD 16: 1986 Bang 4, yeu cau o roi trung bnh cho tng khu vc c cho nh sau theo Bang 1-1 di ay:

Stt Khu vc o roi TB (lux) 1 Nha gi xe 100 2 Nha ve sinh 50-100 3 Phong 100-150 4 Khu vc chung 75 5 Cau thang 50 6 Sieu th, ca hang bach hoa 300

Xac nh so lng en can thiet dung cong thc: Trong o: N: so lng en can thiet E )(ave : o roi trung bnh (lux).

A:Dien tch be mat can c chieu sang (m2) K: Hieu suat s dung, phu thuoc vao hieu suat quang cua bo en va phng an bo tr, thng lay t 1.65-3

K*: he so suy giam cua en, en huynh quang lay k=0.5, en si ot lay k=1 : Quang thong cua en(lumen). - Cao o cong tac en la H = 1200 tnh t mat san hoan thien en tam cong tac.

N=*

)(

xKE

xAkave


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- Day ien t cong tac en en trong can ho la loai: Cap Cu/PVC1.0 mm2 i trong ong 16/20 PVC, i am tng, am san va trong tran thach cao. - Cac day trung tnh (Neutral) cua he thong en va he thong o cam i rieng biet. - Moi tuyen en eu phai c i 1 Pha, 1 Trung tnh rieng biet ve tu ien. - ien tr cach ien cua cac day ien vi nhau va vi at cua he thong en toi thieu la 2M. Thang o cua ong ho Megaohm la 250V.

2.He thong cap nguon may lanh, may nc nong & o cam: - He thong o cam c thiet ke s bo vi muc ch bo sung nguon sang phu tr, thiet b ca nhan, phong , bao tr sa cha. - Cac o cam tren se c bo tr thch hp theo s bo tr thiet b va vat dung trong tng khu vc thi cong. - Tat ca cac day ien cap nguon cho o cam la loai : Cu/PVC 2.5mm2 1C luon trong ong PVC i am tng, am san, trong tran thach cao. - Tat ca cac day ien cap nguon cho may lanh va may nc nong (d phong) la loai:Cu/PVC 2.5mm2 1C luon trong ong PVC i am tng, am san, trong tran thach cao. - Cao o mat na o cam la H = 350 tnh t mat san hoan thien en tam mat na, rieng trong bep va nha ve sinh cao o la H = 1200. - Moi tuyen o cam eu phai c i ba day: 1 Pha, 1 Trung tnh & 1 tiep at rieng biet ve tu ien. - Vi he thong cap nguon cho may lanh, quat hut phong ngu & may nc nong ch cap 01 MCB 2P va day cap nguon t tu ien can ho en MCB & en v tr d tnh at thiet b. - Cac thiet b neu tren eu c tiep at an toan. - ien tr cach ien cua cac day ien vi nhau va vi at cua he thong o cam toi thieu la 2M. Thang o cua ong ho Megaohm la 250V.

3. Tnh toan cong suat & Tu ien: Dien tch lau 1 en lau 20: 800m2/1 lau, 10 can ho / 1 lau trong o: - Can ho loai 56m2; - Can ho loai 58m2; - Can ho loai 77m2; - Can ho loai 78m2; - Can ho loai 81m2; * Cong suat nguon cap cho cac can ho c tnh toan nh sau: a-Cac can ho loai A(3 phong) t tang 1 en tang 20 (tong cong 100 can). - Cac so lieu tnh toan cho 1 can ho lay theo cam nang s dung cap CADIVI:

He thong chieu sang, chuong,quat: 800 VA O cam cho tivi, may tnh, ban ui: 1650 VA O cam cho bep, tu lanh, may giat: 2020,5 VA

Cong suat d phong cho DHKK : 2625 VA Cong suat d phong cho nc nong 1.5KW: 1500 VA Cong suat at : 8595,5 VA=8.5 KVA Cong suat tnh toan : 5,95kW ~ 6kW


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b-Cac can ho loai B1(4 phong) t tang 1 en tang 20 (tong cong 20 can) - Cac so lieu tnh toan cho 1 can ho lay theo cam nang s dung cap CADIVI:

He thong chieu sang, chuong,quat: 1040 VA O cam cho tivi, may tnh, ban ui: 2782 VA O cam cho bep, tu lanh, may giat: 3303,5 VA Cong suat d phong cho HKK 1HP : 3375 VA Cong suat d phong cho nc nong 1,5KW: 1500 VA Cong suat at : 12000,5 VA=12 KVA Cong suat tnh toan : 8,4kW

c-Cac can ho loai B2(4 phong) t tang 1 en tang 20 (tong cong 20 can) - Cac so lieu tnh toan cho 1 can ho lay theo cam nang s dung cap CADIVI:

He thong chieu sang, chuong, quat: 1040 VA O cam cho tivi, may tnh, ban ui: 2782 VA O cam cho bep, tu lanh, may giat: 3303,5 VA Cong suat d phong cho HKK 1HP : 3375 VA Cong suat d phong cho nc nong 1,5KW: 1500 VA Cong suat at : 12000,5 VA=12 KVA Cong suat tnh toan : 8,4kW

d-Cac can ho loai C(4 phong) t tang 1 en tang 20 (tong cong 20 can) Cac so lieu tnh toan cho 1 can ho lay theo cam nang s dung cap CADIVI:

He thong chieu sang, chuong, quat: 1040 VA O cam cho tivi, may tnh, ban ui: 2782 VA O cam cho bep, tu lanh , may giat: 3303,5 VA Cong suat d phong cho HKK 1HP : 3375 VA Cong suat d phong cho nc nong 1,5KW: 1500 VA Cong suat at : 12000,5 VA=12 KVA Cong suat tnh toan : 8,4kW

Cac can ho loai D(3 phong) t tang 1 en tang 20 (tong cong 40 can). Cac so lieu tnh toan cho 1 can ho lay theo cam nang s dung cap CADIVI:

He thong chieu sang, chuong, quat: 800 VA O cam cho tivi, may tnh, ban ui: 1650 VA O cam cho bep, tu lanh , may giat: 2020,5 VA

Cong suat d phong cho DHKK : 2625 VA Cong suat d phong cho nc nong 1,5KW: 1500 VA Cong suat at : 8595,5 VA=8.5 KVA Cong suat tnh toan : 5,95kW ~ 6kW


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- Moi tang co 7 can ho 6,0kW va 3 can ho 8,4kW c cap ien t tu tang at trong gieng ien vi cong suat tnh toan = (7x6,0+3x8,4)x he so ong thi mach la 0,7 (IEC 60439). LDBn (n=1,20) = 47,04 kW.

- C 4 tang s dung chung mot tuyen len cho nen he so ong thi mach xuat tuyen t 4 en 5 theo tieu chuan la ks1=0,8. Cong trnh CT2 s dung 5 tuyen len cap cho can ho toa nha cho nen he so ong thi mach xuat tuyen ks2= 0,8. Vay cong suat tieu thu ien cho khoi can ho: Ptt CH =ks1 x ks2 x LDBn (n=1,20) = 0,8x0,8x47,04x20 = 602,11kW. Chon cong

suat tram cho khu can ho la 750kVA. - Cac ho tieu thu eu c trang b 1 ien ke, cac ien ke cua moi can ho c at trong tu ien tang cua moi tang tai hop gieng ien.

* Cong suat ien cung cap cho khu cong cong va kinh doanh c tnh toan nh sau:

S TT

Ni dung ien DT (m 2 )

C.S n v (W/m 2 )

C.S at (kW)

H.S yeu cau (k n )

C.S tnh toan (kW)

1 Tang ham. + He thong gio tang ham + Bm thoat nc

796 10

7.96 7,4 2,2

0,8 1 0,75

6,73 7,4 1,65

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Tang tret: -Khu vc sieu th. + Chieu sang + O cam + ieu hoa nhiet o + Thong gio

-Khu vc kinh doanh. + Chieu sang + O cam + ieu hoa nhiet o

-Khu vc sinh hoat cong ong. + Chieu sang + O cam

-Khu vc sanh, ky thuat, hanh

125 85

167 419

10 20 80 10 20 80

10 20 10

1,25 2,50 10,00 1,0 0,85 1,7 6,8

1,67 3,34 4,19

1,0 0,7 1,0 1,0 1,0 0,7 1,0

1,0 0,7 1,0

1,25 1,75 10,00 1,0 0,85 1,19 6,8 1,67 2,34 4,19

3 - Tang ky thuat + He bm bu ap. + He quat hut WC

44

10

0,44 1,5 2

1 0,75 0,75

0,44 1.125 1.5

4 -Khu vc chung T1~T20.(x20) 178 10 1,78 0,8 28,48 5 -Thang may 45 0,75 33,75 6 -Quat tao ap cau thang 25,5 1/3 8,5 7 -He bm nc sinh hoat 3x15 0,75 33,75 8 -He bm nc cha chay 83,2 1/3 27,73 9 -He bm x ly nc thai 15,3 0,75 11,5 10 -Chieu sang ngoai. 15

Tong cong 190,97


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- Tong cong suat tnh toan cua khu cong cong va khu kinh doanh la:

P tt = costtP = 190,97/0,8 = 238,71 kVA chon may bien ap 250kVA.

3.2.1. Tnh cong suat cho may phat ien d phong cua chung c: - Cac phu tai c cung cap ien t may phat ien d phong bao gom: He thong thang

may, may bm nc cha chay, may bm nc sinh hoat, quat tao ap cau thang, chieu sang cac khu vc cong cong nh khu e xe (tang ham), sieu th, cau thang, hanh lang cac tang..theo tnh toan tren, tong cong suat cua thiet b nay la: Ptt 1 = 190,97 kW

Cong suat tnh toan cua nhom thiet b nay la : S sc = ksxPtt1 /cos Trong o: ks: he so ong thi, ks = 0,85 Cos : he so cong suat, Cos = 0,8 S sc = 0,85x190,97/0,8 = 202,906 kVA

- Tren c s o chon mot may phat ien d phong co dung lng 250kVA ( che o dai han) e cung cap ien cho cong trnh nay. May phat ien d phong la loai 220/380V 50Hz, bo chong on va bo chuyen oi nguon t ong (ATS) i cung.

- Tram bien ap va may phat ien d phong phai c thiet ke am bao yeu cau ve phong chay va cha chay, thuan tien cho viec quan ly va van hanh.

3.2.3. Tnh toan he so bu cong suat: - Viec s dung tu bu e bu cong suat phan khang se a lai hieu qua la nang cao he so cos va giam c ton that cong suat tac dung tren mang li. - Cong suat phan khang c sac nh nh sau:

+ Tu bu t cos1 = 0.85 en cos2 =0.96 tra bang cho ra he so 0.329. Cong suat tu bu may bien ap cho can ho la Qb = 750 Kva x 0,85 x 0,329 =

209,73 Kvar, vay chon tu bu 240 Kvar ieu khien bi 8 cap moi cap 30Kvar. Cong suat tu bu may cong cong va khu kinh doanh la Qb = 250 KVA x 0.85 x 0.329 = 69.9 Kvar, vay chon tu bu 75 Kvar ieu khien bi 5 cap moi cap 15Kvar.

- Tu bu se hoat ong, neu he so cos cua he thong thap hn gia tr c cai at th tu se t ong ong them cac bo tu vao va ngc lai, giup duy tr c he so cong suat trong pham vi yeu cau.

- Tu bu se c at tai phong tu ha the chnh. - Viec ieu khien ong va ngat bt dung lng KVAR cua tu bu tuan theo qui tac sau: + ong va ngat tng nac theo c cau cua tu bu. + Nac va ngat ra se khong ong lai lien + Khi can tang dung lng tu bu, theo che o xoay vong( nac lien sau nac va

ngat se ong lai khi co nhu cau tang dung lng tu bu). 3.2.4. Tu ien:

- Cong trnh se c cap ien theo cac tu ien sau:


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- Tu ien chnh MSB-1 lay nguon cap t sau MBA 750kVA cap nguon cho khu vc can ho. Tu ien MSB-2 lay nguon t sau MBA 250kVA va may phat ien 250kVA qua ao ien t ong ATS cap nguon cho khu vc cong cong chung va mua ban. 20 tu ien tang (LDB.1~LDB.20) cap nguon cho tu ien cac can ho (DB-A. DB-B1, DB-B2, DB-C. va DB-D) va 21 tu ien (LDB.E1-T, LDB.E1~LDB.E1-20) cap nguon cho khu vc cong cong t tang 1 en tang 20 va tang ky thuat vi muc ch chieu sang hanh lang, cau thang bo, cac gieng ky thuat, gain rac, o cam cong cong va chieu sang en cau thang thoat hiem, chieu sang en s co qua 2 tuyen cap xuyen tang i trong hop gieng ky thuat. 1 tu ien tang ham (LDB.H) cap nguon cho chieu sang va he thong quat thong gio va cho he thong bm nc chong ngap. 1 tu ien cap nguon cho chieu sang ngoai: LDB.CSN 1 tu tang tret (LDB-TT) cap nguon cho khu vc kinh doanh (DB-KD1,2), khu vc sinh hoat chung (DB-SHC), khu vc sieu th (DB-ST).

3 tu ien bm nc sinh hoat, nc thai, nc cha chay: LDB.NT, LDB.NC, LDB.CC, at tai tang ham

1 tu ien cap nguon tao ap cau thang :LDB.Q 1 tu ien cap nguon cho thang may: LDB.TM 1 tu ien tang ky thuat (LDB.E1-KT) cap nguon cho khu ky thuat va bm tang

- Cao o cua cac tu ien la 1800 tnh t mat san hoan thien en nh tu. - ien tr cach ien cua cac day cap ien vi nhau va vi at cua he thong cap nguon

ong lc toi thieu la 20M. Thang o cua ong ho Megaohm la 500V. 4. Tnh toan thiet b ong ngat va kch c day cap: - Tuy nhien trong qua trnh thiet ke cong viec tren se c thc hien da tren nhng thong so cuoi cung c the hien tren ban ve ky thuat.

6. YEU CAU KY THUAT: Tong quan. - Tieu chun k thut nay bao gm vic thit k, ch to, cung cp, giao nhan, lp t, kim tra, chy th, ban giao trong iu kin c phe chun va cong tac bao tr cac thiet b ve sau nham hoan chnh cac cong viec thuoc he thong ien cho Cong Trnh Chung c tai nh c TAN HOA ONG.

Mo t chung. - Ngun cung cp in cho toa nha thong qua tuyen cap trung th 15/22 KV t mang li ien a phng n t ien trung the ca toa nha. - Ngun trung th 15/22 KV c gim cp thanh ngun h th 380V nh neu ro trong bn v va iu kin k thut. - Cac may phat ien dung du diesel c ch ro trong bn v d thu va tieu chun k thut, c lap at e cung cap cho cac nguon ien cho phu tai khn cp,d phong va thiet yeu trong thi gian nguon ien li b mat nham phu hp vi cac qui nh an toan va yeu cau van hanh. - Vic phan phi ien cho cac o cam, en chieu sang, va cac tai ien cuoi nguon c thong qua ng thong tng va qua cac t ong lc va t phan phi nh ch ra trong bn v.


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- H thng noi t se c trang b vi gia tr in tr t nh hn 10 cho he thong chong set va nho hn 4 cho cac thiet b khac nh may bien the, may phat ien, may vi tnh v.vCac ho coc tiep a se c xay dng nham ngan can s tham nc. Cac he thong noi at rieng biet se c trang b cho he thong ien va chong set. Cac he thong noi at rieng biet nay se c lien ket tai coc noi at nham can bang ien the. - He thong chong set cho toa nha se tuan theo luat nh. Day ong se c lap en mai nha doc theo cot cua toa nha. Kim thu set se c trang b nh mo ta trong ban ve. ng dan set se la day ong. Mot so lng ay u kep se c cung cap cho viec kiem tra coc at va ho coc vase c at v tr nh mo ta trong ban ve. - Gia tr cach ien cho tuyen ong lc va he thong phan phoi chnh toi thieu la 20 M va cac tuyen phu tai cuoi nguon toi thieu la 10 M o ien ap th 1000V. Kch c cap toi thieu la 1mm2 cho en chieu sang va 2mm2 o cam. - Cac tu phan phoi 3 pha se c anh dau mau o, vang, xanh cho cap 3 pha au vao. Cap en cac tu phan phoi mot pha phai c anh dau mau cua pha tng ng. Tat ca tu phan phoi cho khu vc dch vu se co vo tu bang kim loai gom nap che ben trong co the thao ri c va ca ben ngoai co ban le. Tu phan phoi cho cac can ho se co vo tu bang nha va mau se c s chap thuan cua t van. - Mach ien tai cho khu vc chung, bai au xe, phong va gieng ky thuat v.v c cung cap nh ch ra trong ban ve. Tat ca cong tac, o cam lap noi ngoai ma hoac ni am ut la loai chong nc. -Tuyen cap en en va o cam moi khu vc se at trong ong nha PVC at ngam tr khi co ch nh khac. - Cau dao t ong cong suat ln MCCB, cau dao t ong cong suat nho MCB, CB c chon cho phu hp vi dong tai nh mc, kha nang cat ngan mach chon loc nham am bao cho he thong lam viec lien tuc, an toan va tin cay. - Nhng ban ve cho ng i cua cap, chi tiet lap at tu ieu khien va nhng chi tiet can thiet khac lam sang to cho noi dung cong viec, phai c kiem tra trc khi thi cong .

6.1. He thong chieu sang va o cam: - Cap cap nguon cho he thong chieu sang va o cam c tnh toan sao cho ton that ien ap ri tren cac en xa nhat khong vt qua 5%. - Toan bo cac linh kien trong bo en va o cam phai co cap cach ien am bao moi ch tieu an toan ien theo TCVN 5561-92, TCVN 1835-94. - Loai en va o cam c s dung trong thiet ke vi muc tieu tiet kiem ien nang, co o tham my cao va at cac tieu chuan ky thuat ve chieu sang. Cu the thong so ky thuat da vao thiet b cua cac hang sau: OSRAM, MASCICI, SILIC, METAL, PRISMA, YLI, WEEF, LEDS, SPB, DENKO, PHILIP trong thc te co the s dung cac chung loai tng ng hoac cao hn.

6.1.1. en chieu sang thong thng - Yeu cau chieu sang c thc hien e at c cac muc tieu sau : a. at c tam nhn toi a. b. Noi bat toan bo hnh anh kien truc. c. Hnh anh cua toa nha tng phan vi moi trng xung quanh.


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d. at nang suat. e. Chi ph bao tr va van hanh toi thieu.

- Tat ca thiet b chieu sang c chon thch hp cho ien the mot pha 220 V, 50 Hz. - Cac loai en s dung phai at chng ch ISO ve chat lng ,am bao an toan khi s dung. - Viec thiet ke chieu sang nham am bao s hoat ong bnh thng cua ngi va cac phng tien khi khong co hoac thieu anh sang t nhien 6.1.2. en chieu sang khan cap va thoat hiem - He thong chieu sang khan cap c thiet ke e cung cap u o sang trong trng hp nguon ien li b mat e ngi c ngu trong toa nha co the dan xep viec di chuyen t mot iem trong toa nha en loi thoat sau cung theo loi thoat hiem c thiet ke bi kien truc s. - en van hanh nguon pin t duy tr trong thi gian 2 gi se c cung cap cho bien bao thoat hiem, ng thoat cong cong va khu vc tru an. - en thoat hiem se c lap sao cho am bao rang mot loi thoat co the c nhan biet va x dung hieu qua va no se sang ngay tc th khi mat nguon ien li.

6.1.3 .He thong o cam - Vi muc ch chung, cac o cam se c cung cap trong cac khu vc chung cua toan toa nha. Nguon o cam thong thng se la 16 A, 220 V, 1 pha, 3 cc tron theo tieu chuan BS 1363 - O cam chong nc se c cung cap khu vc ngoai tri va khu vc am t nh yeu cau. - Dong ien va v tr cua o cam se c ch ra trong ban ve. No se c at tren cot hay tng be tong la thch hp hn tren van go hay vach ngan co the di di ngoai tr co yeu cau ve v tr.

6.2. Tan so va ien ap danh nh: He thong ien xoay chieu. Cac gia tr danh nh cua ien ap va tan so cho phep bien oi toi a nh sau: ien ap: 380/220V +/- 5% Tan so : 50Hz +/- 0,2% Sut ap cho phep toi a cua bat c day tai ien nao di cac ieu kien hoat ong trang thai on nh se khong c phep vt qua gia tr sau: T th cap may bien ap en tu ien chnh MSB 1% T tu ien chnh en cac tai la motor 3% T tu ien chnh en cac tu ien phan phoi 3% T tu ien chnh en phu tai chieu sang 5% Sut ap tai cac au cc motor trong khoang thi gian khi ong ln nhat hoac s gia tang tr lai cua cac ong c se khong c phep vt qua 15%. ien ap tai au cc motor trong khoang thi gian khi ong u e am bao cho ong c khi ong tot va khong gay bat ky s co nao cho motor, thiet b bao ve va cac tai khac.

6.3. He thong ien va cap truc chnh: - e cap ien cho toa nha, can keo tuyen trung the bang cap ngam 15/22kV t ben ngoai vao MBA 3 pha 15-22/0,4KV cong suat 750 KVA va 250KVA at tang tret.


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- e cung cap ien cho cac tai s dung thuoc khu vc cong cong va dch vu khi nguon ien t may bien ap b mat, dung may phat d phong cong suat 400 KVA at tang ham. Mot bo chuyen oi nguon t ong se chay may phat khi ien li b mat. - He thong tu toan nha at phong ky thuat ien. T tu ien tong (MSB-1,2) he thong cap ien c i trong mang cap en cac hop gain ien i len en cac tu ien tang. Moi tang co mot tu ien tang at phong ien tang theo truc gain ien. Cap ien t tu ien tong (MSB-1,2) cap en tu ien bm phong chay cha chay (LDB-PCCC), tu ien quat tang ap (LDB-QTA), tu ien thang may(LDB-TM) s dung cap co vo boc chong chay. - Cap t tu ien tang en tu phan phoi se co cap cach ien PVC/PVC cap cach ien 600/1000V, bao gom day dan ong ben t nhieu tao co o dan ien cao kch c c ch ra trong ban ve va tuan theo tieu chuan IEC 502 :1983. - Cap cho mach phu tai cuoi nguon se la cap cach ien PVC cap cach ien 600/1000V, bao gom day dan ong ben t nhieu tao co o dan ien cao kch c c ch ra trong ban ve va tuan theo tieu chuan IEC 502:1983. - Cap chu la (flame retardant) c s dung se tuan theo tieu chuan IEC 502, IEC 332.1 phan I va II. Chat halogen nho hn 0.5% trong th nghiem axit theo tieu chuan IEC phan 754. 6.4. Cap ien en cac thiet b: - Cac tuyen day t tu phan phoi en tai c i trong trunking va ong nha PVC chu lc e tranh tac ong cua lc c hoc len cap. Cac tuyen cap c i trong cung mot mang, ong tuy theo so lng ong ma bo tr loai mang (ong) cap phu hp cu the. Tuyet oi khong noi cap ngoai hop noi ky thuat. Kiem tra ien tr cach ien theo tieu chuan nganh quy nh.

- Dung cap ong vo cach ien PVC 1,6mm2 luon ong nha cng chong chay 20, chon ngam trong tng hoac bat vao tran be tong cot thep tren tran gia cap ien en en. - Dung cap ong vo cach ien PVC 2.5mm2 kem day noi at ruot ong vo cach nhiet PVC 2 mau luon ong nha cng 20 chon gan san cap ien t tu ien tang en cac o cam. - Tiet dien cap c chon a theo phu tai thc te tnh toan va cac thong so ky thuat cap c chon da vao catalogue. Co the s dung cap CADIVI, TAYA, LG, v.v - Cac tuyen cap chnh c mo ta tren la cac gia tr nho nhat cho phep va da vao catalogue cua cac hang tren. Trong thc te co the s dung day cap khac tng ng hoac cao cap hn tuy nhien phai am bao tai dong ien danh nh nh trong thiet ke va phu hp cung nh c bao ve ay u bi thiet b bao ve cap gan o (MCCB,MCB). 6.5. Gia cap, mang cap: 6.5.1. Gia cap - Khoang cach cua cac gia se c xac nh theo kch thc cua cap va trong trng hp kch thc cua cap co ng knh tong nho hn 25 mm, khoang cach se ln hn 800 mm cho ca hai trng hp lap theo phng nam ngang hay thang ng. - Tat ca cap se c theo cach ma no am bao rang no khong b vong xuong sau khi lap at. - Gia cap bao gom thang cap, khay cap, mang cap cung vi bu long, kep, thanh giang, tan va vt se la loai sat ma kem. Khay cap se la loai uc lo. 6.5.2. Mang cap


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- Mang cap se c s dung thay cho ng ong nhng ni co nhieu ng ong se can lap at. - Mang cap se c che tao t ton ma kem va se c bang gia thch hp co khoang cach khong ln hn 1 met cho ca phng nam ngang va thang ng. - Mang cap se c lap at hoan chnh trc khi bat ky si cap nao c keo trong mang va so cap cha trong mang co he so s dung khong vt qua 45%. Cap i trong mang se c bo va ai lai bang day ai nha va khung kep. Phai am bao s lien ket hieu qua vao he thong noi at. 6.5.3. Moi noi va au noi cap - Nha thau se hoan toan chu trach nhiem trong viec lam kn va x ly moi noi cap bao gom viec lap rap va noi ket cap. - Viec noi va lam kn se c thc hien phu hp vi thc te dong ien ln nhat va chuyen sau c ien. nhng ni vo bao boc c s dung nh day dan noi at, th cac au gi cap va ai la can thiet cho be mat tiep xuc e tao nen ng dan ien tr nho khi xay ra s co. 6.6. Tu ien chnh va tu ien phan phoi: - Cac tu ien chnh va tu phan phoi la loai tu sat sn tnh ien ton day 2mm, la loai tu ng co chan e va loai treo tng. Cac tu phai chong c am t, kn nc, bui va eu la loai tu co 2 lp ca, co khoa. Bo thanh cai thanh ong co tiet ien tng ng vi dong ien tong cua MCCB tong.Lap at tren cac bo gia co khoang cach thch hp sao cho chu c lc va ap c kh, anh hng ve nhiet o va lc ien ong khi xay ra ngan mach. Co boc cach ien va phan biet mau gia cac pha e tranh nham lan. Tu ien chnh phai co bo say chong am, chieu sang thao tac. Phan ieu khien cung co cac thiet b nh relay qua dong, relay qua/thap ap, relay cham at, bao ve mat pha, nghch pha Tat ca cac loai thiet b ong cat va ieu khien la loai tieu chuan thong dung va at yeu cau ky thuat e thuan tien cho viec thay the. - Tu ien phai c at trong moi trng a c lam mat va phu hp vi tieu chuan cua nha san xuat cac thiet b at ben trong tu e tranh s tac ong sai ngoai y muon. - Tu ien phai c tiep at an toan ca phan tnh va phan di ong e am bao tnh an toan cho con ngi khi tiep xuc van hanh. 6.6.1. Tu ien chnh - Thiet b ong cat cong suat ln ( MCCB) se c san xuat theo chuan IEC 947-2, c nhiet i hoa hoan toan va se la loai nhiet t vi ac tnh thi gian nghch cho viec bao ve chong lai qua tai va ac tnh thi gian xac nh cho dong ngan mach, dong cat Ics se khong nho hn 45 KA 380 V. Tat ca MCCB se co nh mc Ics la 100% Icu. - He thong thanh cai se bao gom thanh cai au vao, cap nguon chnh, cac phan re nhanh ngo ra. Kha nang mang dong cua thanh cai pha se chu y en kha nang chu ng suat nhiet do hien tng ngan mach, khi gia nh vo tu lam bang vat lieu t tnh at trong phong thong gio tot va nhiet o sau cung 90oC. Kch c cua thanh cai trung tnh phu hp vi dung lng dong ien trung tnh au vao. Thanh cai noi at bao ve co kch c toi thieu 50% cua nh mc dong ien chu ng ngan mach trong suot thi gian ngan mach. 6.6.2. Tu ien phan phoi.


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- Tu ien phan phoi se tuan theo tieu chuan BS, khong gian d phong se c e rieng trong moi tu ien phan phoi e tang so mach ien tai toi thieu la 20% so vi mach a ch ra trong ban ve vas dung cac tam che thch hp cho khong gian d phong trong lan lap at au tien. - Moi tu phan phoi se tap hp mot thiet b ong ngat cong suat ln (MCCB) au vao, tat ca cac phan mang ien se che chan thch hp do o khong co kha nang cham vao no khi tu ien c m. Thanh trung tnh se co u so lng tram noi day. Tat ca cac tu phan phoi se c cung cap tram noi at. - Tram noi cap au vao se c cung cap tai au cuoi cua thanh cai, viec bo tr nh the khong the tao ra tiep xuc gia chung vacac mach khac hoac vi vo tu. Cac au noi cua cap se dung kieu kep ep hay au ghim han, nh the cac au cap ben co the c nen chat. Cac pha cua thanh cai se c nhan dang bang mau cua ong lot PVC hoac sn. - Tu phan phoi se c bo tr sao cho tat ca viec au noi de dang t pha mat trc cua tu. Tu co khoang trong u e cho cap au ra sap xep nam gia mat sau tu va thanh cai/thiet b ong ngat. Tat ca cap se c bo thanh bo bang day ai nha va se c lap ngan nap va he thong. - Ban liet ke tuyen cap se c cung cap in ra tren giay va lap mat sau ca tu. - Tat ca thiet b ong ngat cong suat nho (MCB) s dung cho en va mach phu tai cuoi nguon se co dong cat c ch ra trong ban ve. 6.7.He thong ngat ien ieu khien: - Cac tu ien, bang ien phan phoi dung ngat ien t ong MCCB, MCB chat lng cao. Co he thong bao ve t nha nhiet. 6.8. He thong tiep at trung tnh va mach bao ve. - Day trung tnh cua ien ap 380/220V se c noi at trung tnh ngay tai tram bien the. 6.9. He thong tiep at an toan: - He thong noi at se c thiet ke theo tieu chuan Viet Nam (TCVN) va IEEE80. toan bo cac phan tnh toan he thong noi at eu c ap dung theo tieu chuan IEEE80, cac ket qua tnh toan se oi chieu vi TCVN. - He thong tiep at phai am bao cac yeu cau: + Gii han anh hng cua ien the tiep xuc va ien ap bc sao cho khong gay nguy hiem en ngi va thiet b di moi ieu kien van hanh bnh thng va bat thng.

+ am bao cho ieu khien, thong tin kien lac lam viec an toan va tin cay. + An toan cho cac thiet b lam viec.

6.10. Pham vi thiet ke: - He thong tiep at an toan c thc hien gom toi thieu 8 coc tiep a hoac hn bang ong co kch thc D16-L=2400, cac coc tiep a c lien ket bang day ong tran 70mm . - Day tiep at chnh tiet dien 120mm2 boc cach ien PVC c noi en thanh tiep at chnh cua tu ien MSB ,cac tu ien tang mach ong lc eu co day noi at i kem, cac thiet b bang kim loai trong toa nha cung c tiep at an toan. - ien tr cua he thong tiep at < 4 ohm , tuy theo ieu kien a ly va thc te tai cong trnh e co the thc hien cac bien phap bo sung khi o ac khong at gia tr ien tr at neu tren.


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- Thc hien viec kiem tra ien tr he thong tiep at thng xuyen (Gia tr ien tr o c trc mua ma co the xem la gia tr chnh xac). 6.11. Mach o lng va bao ve: - He thong bao ve se c la chon va phoi hp e am bao cac yeu cau bao ve thiet b chong lai s h hong co the xay ra do cac nguyen nhan sau: Moi trng van hanh, ngan mach ben trong hoac ben ngoai, qua tai, sut ap, qua ap, mat pha, nghch pha, tan so dao ong manh, dong ien ao chieu - am bao rang he thong van hanh lien tuc khong b anh hng bi bat kys co nao va phai an toan cho ngi va thiet b. V the cac thiet b bao ve va cac r le c la chon va phoi hp thch hp ong thi hoat ong ong bo vi nhau. - Cac thiet b o lng c trang b va giam sat tat ca cac thong so lien quan nh dong ien, ien ap, cong suat, tan so, he so cong suat - Trong qua trnh van hanh neu co s co xay ra th he thong bao ve phai tac ong va am bao sao cho mc mat ien trong pham vi la nho nhat va thiet hai la thap nhat. Can kiem tra tnh lam viec an toan cua he thong bao ve thng xuyen e phat hien va thay the kp thi nhng phan t h hong trong he thong. am bao he thong hoat ong an toan trong suot qua trnh s dung. 6.12. May phat ien d phong. 6.12.1. Pham vi cong viec - Tieu chuan nay bao gom viec cung cap, giao hang, lap at, chong on, thong gio, kiem tra va chay th mot bo may phat ien d phong hoan chnh, tu ieu khien, cap noi, bo ac qui cung vi nhng phu kien can thiet khac va cong tac lap at. 6.12.2. Tong quan - May phat ien c dung e cung cap nguon trong trng hp nguon chnh b mat ien. No se che o lien tuc va san sang khi ong khi nhan c tn hieu khi ong hoac van hanh trong che o ieu khien bang tay tai cho. - Cong suat nh mc cua may phat a ch ra trong ban ve la cong suat lien tuc (cotinueus) - Bo may phat ien se c lap len khung chu lc chac chan, nha may a kiem tra va lap rap am bao viec lien ket ong truc hoan chnh gia ong c va au phat ien. Bo may nay se c lap len khung e chac chan lam bang thep cuon vi bo lo xo chong rung am bao khong co s truyen rung ong t bo may phat xuong khung e va cac bo phan lien ket khac. Tat ca cac thiet b se lam viec bnh thng va phu hp vi moi trng nong am co nhiet o xung quanh khoang 36OC. - May phat ien se cap nguon thong qua hai bo chuyen oi t ong trong trng hp nguon ien li b mat. Cap ien se noi gia may phat va tu ien chnh - Mot he thong noi at rieng biet se c cung cap bao gom thanh noi at, day noi at, ien cc, v.v.. co gia tr cua ien tr at khong vt qua 4.

6.12.3. Tieu chuan: - Bo may phat ien thong thng se c thiet ke, che tao, chay th tuan theo vi tieu chuan BS va nhng chnh ly sau cung: - BS 649/58 : ong c diesel - BS 2869/20 : Dau nhien lieu


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- BS 5000/Part 99/73 : au phat ien - BS 833/70 : Nhieu song vo tuyen

6.12.4. ong c diesel - ong c se la loai cong nghiep, lam mat bang nc va thiet ke cho che o van hanh lien tuc theo tieu chuan BS 649/58. ong c se s dung dau nhien lieu theo tieu chuan BSS 2869/70 va se c giam o on en mc toi thieu va tuan theo tieu chuan TCVN 5964:1995; TCVN 5965:1995VN TCVN 6399:1998/ISO 1996/2:1987. Mot ong ho em thi gian van hanh se c lap tren ong c e ghi lai so gi a van hanh. 6.12.5. Bo khi ong - Bo khi ong se la mot bo khi ong ien kieu truc quay s dung bnh ac qui ch 24V co kha nang lam viec cng o cao.

6.12.6. Bo giai nhiet may - Nc giai nhiet ong c se c tuan hoan bi mot bm ly tam i qua bo giai nhiet c lam mat bi mot quat gio truc quay. Khi qua nhiet o may phat phai dng t ong. Tren tu ieu khien co en bao loi khi may phat dng hoat ong do co qua nhiet nc lam mat, mot ong ho o nhiet o nc c lap at e ch th nhiet o. 6.12.7. S boi trn may - S boi trn may se do he thong dau boi trn co ap lc bm khap ong c ti bo trao oi nhiet do mot may bm dau noi vi bo phan dau lap san. Toan bo cac bo loc dau nhn lam bang cac bo phan co the thao ri se c cung cap e de dang thao lap. Bo phan phat hien dau boi trn ap suat thap phai c lap at e ngng may khan cap. Tren tu ieu khien co en bao loi s co dng may do ap suat dau thap, mot ong ho ap suat se c lap at. 6.12.8. Bo ieu toc - Bo ieu toc se la loai thuy lc Woodward kieu SGX, va thch hp cho duy tr toc o ong c khong oi trong gii han a ch ra trong BSS 649/58 cap A2. Mot ong ho bao toc o se c cung cap va mot bo t ong dng may do qua toc o phai c cung cap. 6.12.9. He thong thoat kh thai - Mot bo giam thanh thng trc phai c cung cap trong he thong thoat kh thai. Bo giam thanh va ong khoi se c bao boc bang si thuy tinh va/hoac si si li cat can xi.ng knh ong khoi phai am bao ky thuat khi ong khoi dan i xa (mai cong trnh) 6.12.10. Bon nhien lieu - Bon nhien lieu se cung cap cho bon nhien lieu ngay at tai phong may phat. Cac iem tiep nhan dau c at gan pham vi tng rao v tr xe bon cha ra vao c. 6.12.11. Cong tac ong dan - Tat ca cong tac ong dan cho he thong nc, dau nhn, dau nhien lieu se c thiet ke thch hp vi bo tr tieu chuan mot he thong giai nhiet c at tren chan e thep va se c noi en cac bo phan cua may phat bang ong mem. 6.12.12.Bo lo xo chong rung - Bo nay se la loai chan e (loai lap may) hoac bat ky kieu nao do nha t van e xuat. 6.12.13. Vo boc au phat ien - Vo boc se la loai co li bao ve va chong tia nc theo tieu chuan BSS 5000: phan 99/73.


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6.12.14. Vat lieu cach ien - Vat lieu cach ien se la cap F va se c tham hoan toan vao day quan e dung trong moi trng nhiet i am khong kh nhiet o xung quanh 36OC. Day quan stato va ro to cua au phat va kch t se co lp men phu chong dau. 6.12.15.Cac bo em - Se co mot hay hai bo em e am bao viec lien ket ong truc hoan chnh trong moi ieu kien. Cac bo em se c ong goi san vi lp dau nhn bao ve. 6.12.16. Bo ieu chnh ien the - Mot bo ieu chnh ien the ap ng nhanh se c cung cap e ieu chnh ien ap phat ra. Bo ieu chnh toan bo t khong tai en ay tai, bao gom viec thay oi t lanh sang nong va he so cong suat 0.8(tre pha) se khong vt qua 2% ien the danh nh. He thong kch t se c thiet ke e xuc tien nhanh s phuc hoi ien ien the sau khi ong hoac ngat tai. ien the se hoi phuc trong gii han 3% gia tr xac lap trong 0,35 giay sau khi ong hoac ngat tai. Mc ien the b sut thoang qua khi mang ay tai se la nho hn 20%. 6.12.17. Kha nang ngan mach - au phat ien se chu c ieu kien ngan mach 3 pha ma khong gay h hai. 6.12.18. S tang nhiet o - S tang nhiet o se theo tieu chuan BSS 5000 phan 99/763 cho lp cach ien phu hp nhiet o xung quanh 36oC 6.12.19. S nhieu song vo tuyen - S triet tieu nhieu song vo tuyen se theo tieu chuan BS 833/70. 6.12.20. Hnh dang song - Hnh dang song ien the t pha en pha se theo tieu chuan BSS 5000 phan 99/73. 6.12.21. Cac chc nang t ong - May phat ien se c ket hp vi cac chc nang t ong hoan chnh cung vi cac en ch th. 21.1 Dng may do nhiet o lam mat cao. 21.2 Dng may do qua toc o. 21.3 Dng may do ap suat dau boi trn thap. 21.4 Dng may do cham at. 21.5 Dng may do qua tai tren bat ky pha nao hoac toan bo cac pha. 21.6 Bao ong am thanh va hien th tren tu ieu khien e ch th viec dng

may do bat ky cac ly do a e cap tren gay ra. 21.7 Viec giam sat ien the chnh ien the chnh se c giam sat tren ca 3

pha. Trong trng hp mat ca/hoac bat ky pha nao th bat au khi ong may phat sau khi am bao s khoa han nguon ien chnh.

21.8 Khi ong lap lai - mot bo x ly khi ong lap lai 3 lan se c lap vao tu. 21.9 Khi ong that bai neu ong c khong khi ong sau khi co gang khi

ong theo so lenh qui nh, may phat c lap mot he thong t ong se ngan can lai bat ky viec khi ong tiep theo va cung thi iem nay mot bao ong bang am thanh va hien th bao rang may ang dng nh qui nh trong cac muc t 21.1 en 21.5 tren.


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21.10 Viec chuyen tai tai se ch c chuyen mach sang nguon may phat khi bo chuyen oi t ong (ATS) trong tu ien chnh c chuyen oi.

21.11 May phat ien at ien the nh mc sau 10 giay sau khi khi ong may. 21.12 Viec giam sat ien the may phat ien the cua may phat se c giam sat

lien tuc tren 3 pha. Neu ien the sut xuong di 10% gia tr, thiet b ong ngat may phat se b m va loi may phat bao bang ch th va am thanh. Dan en viec ket noi nguon t ong cua may phat se b khoa.Mot tn hieu hien th cung c lap at e bao trang thai nay.

21.13 Khoi phuc ien li ngay khi ien li khoi phuc lai, cong tac t d phong b ngat va cong tac t nguon ien li tham gia t ong vao viec ngat nguon cua may phat va noi lai nguon ien li vi tai.

21.14 Chuc nang delay return mot bo chnh thi gian tr hoan (0 en 30 giay) e ngan can may phat ngng chay trong trng hp nguon ien li co tr lai trong thi gian ngan.

21.15 Dng cham sau khi noi tai lai nguon ien chnh, may phat vi tai b ngat ra se tiep tuc van hanh trong 5 phut trc khi dng han.

21.16 Dng khan cap mot nut nhan dng khan cap thc hien viec ngat toan bo may phat ien d phong, ngng may phat va khoa he thong t ong se c lap at trong he thong.

21.17 Cong tac chuyen oi chc nang hoat ong mot cong tac chuyen oi se c cung cap cho cac chc nang hoat ong sau:

21.17.1 Khi ong/dng may bang tay dung khi chay th va bao tr may.

21.17.2 Van hanh t ong. 21.17.3 Kiem tra khong tai dung e th chc nang hoat ong may phat

ien khong noi vi phu tai. Thi gian th se cham dt t ong bang mot bo nh th va c chnh ln hn 15 phut. Bat ky trang thai loi hoac khong bnh thng xay ra trong khi th se dan en bao ong nh ch ra trong cac muc t 21.1 en 21.5 tren.

21.18 Bao ve cham at may phat se c cung cap mot he thong bao ve cham at cung vi en ch th the hien muc dng may phat do loi cham at tren.

6.12.22. Tu ieu khien - Tu ieu khien se c thiet ke cho van hanh hoan toan t ong trong luc mat nguon ien li va se bao gom cac thiet b sau 22.1 ong ho o von, kch thc 100 mm, kieu kn cung vi cong tac la chon 3

v tr. 22.2 ong ho o am pe, kch thc 100 mm, kieu kn cung vi cac bien dong

va cong tac la chon pha. 22.3 ong ho o tan so, kch thc 100 mm, kieu kn. 22.4 Thiet b ong ngat tong (MCCB) vi dong ien nh mc phu hp theo

dong ien toi u cua may phat. 22.5 May bien dong phat hien qua tai.


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22.6 R le bao ve cham at va thiet b phu tr. 22.7 Bo sac pin t ong co gan ong ho am pe. 22.8 Thiet b khi ong t ong. 22.9 R le cam bien ien the li va thiet b phu tr. 22.10 R le cam bien ien the au phat ien va thiet b phu tr. 22.11 R le khi ong lap lai va thiet b phu tr. 22.12 R le kiem tra may che o bang tay va thiet b phu tr. 22.13 Viec ieu khien khi ong va dng may phat tai cho va cac thiet b

ieu khien dng may phat khi ap suat dau boi trn thap, nhiet o bo lam mat cao, chay qua toc o, qua tai, cham at co en ch th, bong en bao va tram noi day cho viec ch th t xa trang thai chay, chay co tai va bao loi.

22.14 Cac en ch th. 22.15 Cau ch HRC cho mach ieu khien va thiet b. 22.16 en ch th trang thai qua tai co nut nhan phuc hoi. 22.17 Cong tac la chon chc nang che o chay tay, t ong, dng va

kiem tra. 6.12.23. Van hanh - R le cam bien nguon ien li se khong ch phat hien luc ien li b mat ma con cho tnh huong li ien b sut hn 10%. Khi mot trong tnh huong nay xay ra, no phai tac ong ngat cong tac t ien li va se khi ong may phat cung vi viec ong cong tac t may phat ien. 6.12.24. Cong tac lap at - May phat ien se c lap at tren be mong be tong. Toan bo cong tac lap at, bao gom he thong thoat kh thai se khong truyen bat ky s rung ong en toa nha trong ieu kien lam viec bnh thng. 6.12.25. Th nghiem - Nha thau se tnh ca en chi ph cho viec th nghiem hoan chnh cong tac lap at. Nha thau cung se chu trach nhiem cung cap bon cha dau, au noi cap ien, v.v., tat ca cac tnh nang bao ve cung se c kiem tra. Mot ban bao cao th nghiem se c trnh duyet ngay sau khi hoan chnh ket qua nghiem thu vi mot bang so lieu th nghiem co xac nhan ro rang. 6.12.26. ac tnh ky thuat - Tat ca chi tiet ve ac tnh ong c, au phat ien, thiet b ieu khien, ban ve mat bang va tai lieu ve tat ca thong so ky thuat phai c e trnh. 6.12.27. Cap va hop noi - Nha thau se tnh ca viec cung cap va lap at cap va hop noi cho ng cap vao va ra. 6.12.28. Cong tac lap at cap - Hp ong nay se bao gom viec cung cap va lap at cap t may phat en tu ien chnh . Cap ien se c bang khay cap hoac thang cap hoac nh ch ra trong ban ve . 6.12.29. Noi at cho may phat 29.1 May phat ien se c noi vi coc tiep at lap trong phong may phat ien. 29.2 ien tr at se tuan theo qui nh cua c quan chc nang a phng.


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6.12.30.Cong tac bao hanh - Nha thau se bao hanh trong thi gian 1 nam ke t ngay chay th va chap thuan may phat, bat ky s hong hoc nao xay ra se c nhanh chong khac phuc mien ph. 6.12.31. Bon cha nguyen lieu ngay - Mot bon cha nguyen lieu ngay co dung tch 500 lt se c cung cap cho may phat. Bon nhien lieu se c bao ve thch hp chong lai s r set ben trong va ben ngoai. Mot bo o mc dau bang ong thuy tinh co bao ve se c cung cap e o mc dau trong bon dau. Cong tac ng ong dan, gia thch hp cho viec noi en bon cha se c trien khai. 6.12.32. Ong thoat kh - Ong thoat kh, khp noi gian n, gia va vat lieu cach am se c cung cap va lap at theo e ngh t nha san xuat may phat va at yeu cau cua c quan chc nang. 6.12.33. Thong gio - Tnh toan kiem tra thong gio va cach am phong mai phat ung yeu cau ky thuat do nha thau cung cap. * Nha thau se e trnh giay chng nhan kiem nghiem mot cach chi tiet ve tat ca cac loai vat t cung cap cho chap thuan trc khi nha san xuat gi vat t en cong trng

7 - BIEN PHAP THI CONG: - Thi cong ung theo quy trnh ky thuat an toan ien, cac quy nh hien hanh ve viec ong cat ien thi cong.

- ang ky vi ien Lc Khu Vc ke hoach cong tac, thi cong theo trnh t a ang ky trong phieu cong tac, phieu thao tac.

- Cat ien cac nhanh xung quanh khu vc thi cong, tiep a hai au phan oan cong tac. Thi cong theo tng khu vc e han che viec cat ien nhng khu vc khac khong can thiet. -Thi cong can am bao tuan thu ung thiet ke, trng hp tr ngai khong thi cong c e ngh n v thi cong lam viec ngay vi n v thiet ke e co phng an tot nhat nham am bao tien o va chat lng cong trnh. - Trong qua trnh thi cong neu co bat ky phat sinh nao so vi thiet ke e ngh n v thi cong thc hien theo ung tieu chuan cua nganh lien quan.

- Can phai phoi hp cung cac n v thi cong cac hang muc khac cua cong trnh e cung giai quyet cac vng mac nay sinh neu co.

- He thong ien cho cong trnh CHUNG C TAN HOA ONG c e ngh bien phap thi cong nh sau : 1) au noi mach ien theo s phan phoi t s o nguyen ly chi tiet. Can chu y s phan bo cong suat tng pha va tng mach theo ban ve s o nguyen ly cung cap ien. Trong thc te thi cong can o ac va hieu chnh sao cho chenh lenh dong ien gia cac pha khong qua 10% pha ln nhat.

2) Lap cac bien bao tai cac ni khu vc thi cong, khu vc co nguy hiem phai rao chan can than, thi cong ban em phai at en chieu sang.

3) Trong suot qua trnh thi cong phai tuan thu theo thiet ke , tuyet oi am bao an toan lao ong, luon co ngi giam sat an toan.

4) Noi day tiep at vao tat ca cac thiet b ien va cac vo kim loai co kha nang dan ien nh en, quat, o cam, may nc nong, tu bang ien.


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5) Thc hien he thong tiep at va a vao tu ien chnh MSB. ien tr bai tiep at phai nho hn 4 Ohm.

6) Mach en va o cam phai tach ri nhau. 7) S dung loai o cam 3 chau co noi at an toan. 8) Bang ien, cong tac, o cam phong ve sinh phai at cach san hoan thien 1,5m. 9) Tat ca cac o cam con lai at cach san 0,3m. 10) Tat ca cac day cap ien phai i trong ong, thang cap hay mang cap. Tuyet oi khong c noi cap ngoai hop noi ky thuat.

11) Viec keo day se dung theo phng phap loop-in loop-out. Phng phap noi day re nhanh khong c s dung trong hp ong nay.


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VII. HE THONG CAP THOAT NC: A. HE THONG TIEU CHUAN AP DUNG: - TCVN 3989:1985 He thong tai lieu thiet ke xay dng cap nc va thoat nc. Mang li ben ngoai. Ban ve thi cong. - TCVN 4036:1985 He thong tai lieu thiet ke xay dng. Ky hieu ng ong tren he thong ky thuat ve sinh. - TCVN 4474:1987 Thoat nc ben trong. Tieu chuan thiet ke. - TCVN 4513:1988 Cap nc ben trong. Tieu chuan thiet ke. - TCVN 4615:1988 He thong tai lieu thiet ke xay dng. Ky hieu quy c trang thiet b ky thuat ve sinh. - TCVN 5673:1992 He thong tai lieu thiet ke xay dng. Cap thoat nc ben trong. Ho s ban ve thi cong. - TCVN 5760:1993 He thong cha chay. Yeu cau chung ve thiet ke, lap at va s dung. - TCVN 2622:1995 Phong chay, chong chay cho nha va cong trnh. Yeu cau thiet ke. - TCVN 6077:1995 Ban ve nha va cong trnh xay dng. Lap at. (ISO 4067/2:1980) Phan 2: Ky hieu quy c cac thiet b ve sinh.

- TCVN 6160:1996 Phong chay cha chay. Nha cao tang. Yeu cau thiet ke. - TCXD 51:1984 Thoat nc. Mang li ben ngoai va cong trnh. Tieu chuan thiet ke. - TCXD 33:1985 Cap nc. Mang li ben ngoai va cong trnh. Tieu chuan thiet ke. - TCVN 6379:1998 Thiet b cha chay-Tru nc cha chay-Yeu cau ky thuat. - TCVN 7336:2003 Phong chay cha chay-he thong Sprinkler t ong-Yeu cau thiet ke va lap at.

PHAN I: THUYET MINH CHUNG B. CAP NC: Cac hang muc dung nc bao gom:

- Khu sinh hoat cong ong (tang tret) - Khu can ho. - Phong chay cha chay. - Ti co, ra ng - So ngi khu can ho va phuc vu: 950 ngi.

1. Lu lng tnh toan cap nc: Thiet b ve sinh bao gom: X bet:262 bo, Lavabo:262bo, Chau ra nha bep:200 bo, Voi nc:203 bo, sen tam ng:260 bo. Cong thc ap dung:

- Lu lng giay: q= 0.2x(N+KN)(1/a) (l/s) Trong o: N: tong ng lng

K,a: he so phu thuoc vao tong ng lng va tieu chuan dung nc

2. Lu lng thoat nc: - Lu lng thoat : Qtn = 80% Qcap

C. THOAT NC: I. Thoat nc mai nha: Cong thc ap dung:Q = K.F.q5/10000 (l/s)


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Trong o: he so K=2, F: la dien tch mai nha, q5: cng o ma sau 5 phut II. Thoat nc mang ngoai: Cong thc ap dung:Q = .F.q (l/s) - Trong o: : he so phu thuoc vao loai mat phu

F: la dien tch tnh toan q: lu lng n v (l/s/ha) q = [(20+b)n.q20.(1+C.lgP)]/(t+b)n P: chu ky tran cong

t: thi gian tnh toan C,b,n,q20: theo tai lieu quan trac cua tram o ma Tan Sn Nhat.

III. Tnh toan dung tch be t hoai: - Ap dung cong thc tnh nh sau:

W=Wn + Wc Trong o: W: Dung tch cua be t hoai (m 3 ). Wn: The tch phan nc cua be, lay bang 2-3 lan lng nc ngay em chay vao be (m 3 ). Wc:The tich can cua be (m 3 ).

Tr so Wc c xac nh theo cong thc sau:

Wc = NW

cbWTa*

1000*)100([]**)100(*[

2

1

(m 3 )

Trong o: a: Lng can trung bnh cua mot ngi thai ra trong thi gian mot ngay. T: Thi gian gia 2 lan lay can (ngay) W 1 , W 2 : o an can ti vao be va cua can khi len men, tng ng la 95%, 90%. b: He so ke en o giam the tch cua can khi len men (giam 30%) va lay bang 0.7 c: He so ke en viec e lai mot phan can a len men khi hut can e gi lai vi sinh vat giup cho qua trnh len men can c nhanh chong, de dang e lai 20%, c = 1.2 N: so ngi ma be phuc vu.

D. CHON VAT LIEU: I. He thong cap nc:

- Ong cap len bon mai, ong cap cu hoa, ong cap cu hoa t ong cac bu am tng: chon ong thep trang kem vi ap lc th 12 Kg/Cm2, ap lc lam viec 10 Kg/Cm2. - Ong cap mang ngoai chon ong uPVC vi ap lc th 9 Kg/Cm2, ap lc lam viec 6 Kg/Cm2; Ong cap nc en can ho va thiet b ve sinh trong can ho: PP-R, ap lc th 12 Kg/Cm2, ap lc lam viec 10 Kg/Cm2.

II. He thong thoat nc mang ngoai: - Ong thoat nc ma dung ong BTCT quay ly tam oi vi ong 300 en 600. oi vi ong thoat nc ban chon ong HDPE gan. - He thong ho ga thu nc mat va thu nc thai chon vat lieu be tong va be tong cot thep.

PHAN II: TNH TOAN CHI TIET: 1. PHAN CAP NC:


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Can c tieu chuan: Cap nc trong nha : TCVN 4513-88 Cap nc mang ngoai : 20TCN-33-85 - He thong cap nc sinh hoat cho cong trnh nh sau :

Bm ong ho nc Be ngam Ho nc mai Cap cac khu ve sinh va cac nhu cau khac A Nhu cau dung nc khu can ho: - So can ho:n = 200(can) - So ngi dung nc:N 1 = 800(Ngi) - Tieu chuan dung nc: q ngy = 150 (l/ngi/ngay)

- Nc sinh hoat khoi can ho: Q 1 = 120 (m3) - So ngi thuoc khoi dch vu: N 2 = 150 (Ngi) - Tieu chuan dung nc: q ngy = 25 (l/ngi/ngay)

- Nc sinh hoat khoi dch vu: Q 2 = 3.75(m3) B Nc ti cay-ra ng: - Nc ra san: Q6 = 2.25 (m3) C Nhu cau nc cha chay: - Dien tch san xay dng: S = 796(m2) - So voi phun hoat ong ong thi : 2(voi) - Dung tch cha chay sprinkler 10 phut: Q2= 4.8 (m3) - Dung tch cha chay vach tng 10 phut: Q3 = 3 (m3) - Dung tch cha chay vach tng 3 gi: Q4

1= 54 (m3)

- Dung tch cha chay sprinkler 30 phut: Q5=14 (m3) - Dung tch cha chay vach tng 3 gi va he so phuc hoi be cha la 0,5: Q4 = 81 (m3) TONG HP: - Lu lng nc dung cho sinh hoat: Q sh = 126(m3) - Dung tch be nc phuc vu sinh hoat: W sh = 1,2xQ sh (m3) = 151,2 (m3) - Lu lng nc dung cho sinh hoat: Q cc = 81(m3) - Dung tch be nc phuc vu cha chay: W cc = 1,2xQ cc= 97,2 (m3) - Dung tch be ngam: W1 = W sh + W cc = 248,4 (m3)

Chon be nc ngam co dung tich = 250(m3) Dung tch ieu hoa cua be mai: W bm= 1,2xQ sh /n + Q cc Trong o:

- n : so lan ong m bm trong ngay (n=2). - Q cc : Dung tch d tr 10 phut au cho cha chay.


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W bm = 1,2x151,2/2 + 3= 93,72 (m3) Chon 2 be nc tren mai co tong dung tch la 100(m3), moi be co dung tch 60(m3) va be 40(m3) phuc vu cho sinh hoat cua toan cong trnh.

D. La chon Bm cap nc: Bang 1: Thong ke thiet b dung nc Khu A

STT THIET B VE SINH TONG 1 Lavabo 262 2 X bet 262

3 Chau ra nha bep 200 5 Tieu nam 1 6 Sen tam ng 260 7 Voi lay nc D15 203

Bang 2: Tnh toan ng lng khu A STT THIET B VE SINH S.Lng N Tong 1 Lavabo 262 0.33 86.46 2 X bet 262 0.5 131 3 Chau ra nha bep 200 1 200 5 Tieu nam 1 0.4 0.4 6 Sen tam ng 260 1.5 390 7 Voi lay nc D15 203 1 203 1010.86

- Lu lng giay toa nha: q = 6,83(l/s) la chon ong ng cap nc uPVC D65/90. - Lu lng gi: qgi = 24,5 (m3/h) Tong lng nc dung trong 1 ngay la 80 m3, dung 2 bm cho 2 ho nc mai (1 bm hoat ong, 1 bm d phong e tien quan ly). Nguon cap t Thanh pho cap vao 100/114 vao be cha 250m3, t o c bm nc len 2 bon inox 40 m3 . - Can c lu lng tren , ta chon thi gian bm la 3,2 gi ay hai ho nc 80m(4 lan bm /1ngay) va bm co cac tnh nang nh sau : - Lu lng bm : Qb = 6,85 l/s = 25m/gi . -Chon ong ay cua bm 65/76 vi h = 0.147 , v = 2.5m/s , ong hut 100/114

Chieu dai oan ong ay L = 120m Chieu cao oan ong ay H = 70m Hb = Htt + Hcb + Hz + Htd = 0.147 x 120 + 30%(0.147 x120) + 70 + 4 = 120.199 m do vay chon Hb=120m - Tnh nang cua bm : Qb = 40 m3/h; Hay = 120m; Hhut = 5m ; P > 25HP.


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- Chung c CT2 Tan Hoa ong co he thong bm nc gom 2 bm ien , 2 bm hoat ong ong thi cap nc len mai, hai bm chay luan phien.


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1. PHAN THOAT NC: D Dung tch be t hoai: - He thong thoat nc sinh hoat nh sau : Ham t hoai Nc thai t x tieu

Nc thai tam ra Ho ga thoat nc sinh hoat

- Lu lng thoat : QT = Qc + Qdc max = 6,83 + 7 = 13.83 l/s - Cac pheu san co at them siphong e ngan mui - Cac ho ga thoat nc thai c thiet ke nap kn. Ta co tuyen cong thoat co ng knh 200 va 300 vi o doc at ong la 5 ~4 Cac ham t hoai c thiet ke at ngoai tang ham. - Khoi tch ham t hoai (can c so lng ngi) c chia ra lam 2 ham. - Khoi tch ham t hoai (can c so lng ngi cho tng khoi nha) : tong lng ngi Ho dan : 200 ho x 4ngi x 100% = 800 lt ngi Bao ve , quan ly : 150 ngi x 100% = 150 lt ngi = 950 lt ngi *Tnh dung tch be t hoai : Dung tch be t hoai kieu lang tnh theo cong thc sau : W = Wn +Wb (m3) Wn : dung tch phan nc cua be , lay bang 3 lan lu lng nc ngay em chay vao be . Wb : dung tch phan bun cua be , tnh theo cong thc sau : Wb = a.T.(100%- W1 ).b.c.N (m3) (100% - W2) . 1000 trong o : a lng can lang trung bnh cua 1 ngi trong 1 ngay , lay bang 0.70 0.80 lt. T thi gian gia 2 lan lay can lang ra khoi be ( lay bang nam = 180 ngay) W1 o am cua can lang ti khi vao be , thng lay bang 95% . W2 o am cua can lang a len men , thoi ra khi ra be , lay bang 90%. B he so ke en o giam the tch cua can lang , a len men thoi ra , lay bang 0.70 (giam 30%) . c he so viec e lai 1 phan can lang a len men trong be e tang nhanh qua trng t hoai , thng lay bang 1.2 (e lai 20%). N so ngi ma be phuc vu = 950. Vay : Wb = 0.8 x 180 x (100-95) x 0.70 x 950 (100 90) x 1000 = 47,88 (m3) Wn = 950 x 10 lt x 3 = 54000 lt = 28.5 m3 Vay khoi tch tong cong :


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W = 47,88 + 28.5 = 76,38 (m3) Dung tch be x ly nc thai c chon la 70m3 ( chia thanh 2 be, moi be co dung lng 35m3). c thiet ke theo tieu chuan cua hoa cua Bo xay dng. - Co bo tr cac ong hi phu cac ong thoat nc ng e giam ap lc trong ong. - Nc thoat t sinh hoat c thoat theo tuyen rieng ra cong thoat nc khu vc (xem quy hoach toan khu).

E Thoat nc ma mai nha: Ta co cong thc : Q = q..F (l/s)

vi q : cng o ma tnh toan (l/s/ha) : he so dong chay tnh toan F : dien tch thu nc tnh toan (ha) Vi q = 496 l/s/ha. = 0.9 (mai bang ton ) Dien tch toan khu la : S = 81 x 40 = 3240 m2 Ta co : Qm = 144,6 l/s - Chon 2 ong thoat chnh 400 thoat ra mang chung vi o doc at ong i = 3 4 - Nc ma san mai c thu vao cac ong 80/90 va 100/114 pvc ,va t cac balcon vao cac ong 80/90 thoat xuong tang tret , roi ra cong thoat nc ma mang chung . - tang ham co mng thu nc tai ram xe xuong roi dan trc tiep ra cong thoat nc ma va ho thu nc thai san ham roi bm ra ho ga nc ma - Nc ma tren mat san se thoat vao ho ga thu nc mat t o thoat vao mang thoat chung . - Tuyen thoat nc mang chung la tuyen cong ngam betong cot thep .

III. YEU CAU KY THUAT CAP THOAT NC I.Vat lieu va tay nghe . - Tat ca cac thiet b, vat t va nhng vat lieu phu i kem c s dung trong cong hang muc nay eu phai mi, va se phu hp rieng vi tieu chuan ky thuat va phai tuan theo s yeu cau cua a phng. - Ngi thc hien cong viec phai la ngi gioi, u kha nang c giam sat bi nha thau hoac ngi ai dien co tham quyen. - Mau thiet b, vat t va ngi thc hien se c trnh cho ngi quan ly cong trnh duyet trc khi lap at. II. Gii Thieu Ve ng Ong : 1. Tong quat : - Tat ca nhng ong, phu kien va gia can thiet phu hp vi s van hanh cua he thong se c cung cap va lap at ay u phu hp vi nhng cong viec khac, du co ch ro hay khong tren ban ve hoac trong tai lieu ky thuat. 2. Cong viec lam sach : - Tat ca ong va phu tung i kem se c lam sach ky lng trc khi lap at. 3. S lap at : - Tat ca ong phai c cat hoac ren bang may va nhng ba v ben ngoai ong phai c cao sach. Khong c uon ong khi co cho ngoac. ng ong c lap at phai tranh cac


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hang muc khac. e khac phuc nhng s tac nghen cua xay dng va cac hang muc khac cho phep c ieu chnh nho tren cac ng ong khi can thiet, mac du nhng s ieu chnh o co the khong trnh bay chi tiet tren ban ve. 4. Gia : - Tren ban ve khong co trnh bay chi tiet v tr gia au, nhng chac chan rang sc chu lc va kch c cua cac gia ong se c tnh toan va tha nhan la phu hp. Khoang cach cua cac gia nam ngang va thang ng c trnh bay theo bang sau ay (tat ca kch c tnh bang mm)

Khoang cach Kch thc gia

C ong Ong uPVC Ong PP-R 15 1200 10 20 1200 10 25 1200 10 33 1200 10 40 1200 10 50 1200 10 65 1200 2000 12 80 2000 12 100 2000 3000 16 150 2500 20

5. Ong ch : - Tat ca ng ong xuyen tng hoac xuyen san se c lap at ong ch cho s gian n va thu nho nhng c ong khac. Ong ch se c s dung bang ong sat trang kem va c at xuyen suot san ma iem cuoi cua ong cach san khong ton tai la 50mm. oi vi tng ong at xuyen suot nhng iem cuoi phai ngay bang vi mat tng. Knh thc cua ong ch c chon sao cho khoang h nho nhat la 20mm gia ng knh trong va ng knh ngoai cua ong ch. 6. Lap at ong di at : - ng ong se c trai va phu mot lp cat co o day 75mm. o sau chon ong >0.4m - Nhng iem m va iem noi se c bao boc thch hp trc khi cac iem noi c noi lai e ngan nga cac sa ban va nhng vat khac . - Trc khi lap at, cac ng ong c kiem tra bi ky s . - Sau khi kiem tra cac ng ong phai can than lap at lai. Lp lap au tien se la lp cat chen xung quanh ng ong. Khong co ong kim loai, lp tiep theo se la lp gach hoac lp betong se c trai tren lp cat trc khi cong viec lap at hoan thanh. 7. Th va van hanh : - Trc khi cac ng ong c at am hoac bao boc phai c th ap lc 2 lan va c gi trong 4 gi ngoai tr neu co nhng qui nh khac. Trong suot thi gian th, ap lc se khong ha xuong hn 2%. III. Cap Nc Lanh : 1. Tong quat :


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- Tat ca cac vat t va thiet b c cung cap cho he thong nc phai c s chap thuan cua n v thiet ke . Tuy nhien nhng nhan hieu cua vat t tng ng se c xac nh bi ky s. 2. Cong viec thi cong ong : - Cong viec thi cong ong phai phu hp theo s chuan b cho cong trng; ap lc, th ro r va cac yeu cau khac co lien quan. * Ong i di at : - Ong uPVC , ong PP-R va cac phu kien phai at tieu chuan yeu cau . - e chong ro r cac ong nay se c bao boc ung tieu chuan. * Ong i noi : - Ong uPVC , ong PP-R va cac phu kien phai at tieu chuan yeu cau, e de phan biet, cac ong nay phai c sn. 3. Van va phu kien i kem : - 65mm va nho hn se c noi vi nhau bang ren. - 80mm va ln hn se c noi vi nhau bang mat bch. * Van khoa - 65mm va nho hn : vat lieu bang ong uPVC - 80mm va ln hn : vat lieu bang gang * Van 1 chieu : - 50mm va nho hn : vat lieu bang thau - 65mm va ln hn : vat lieu bang gang * Loc ch Y : - Cac loc ch Y se c lap at tren tat ca cac bm, cac thiet b va cac van ieu khien e ngan nga s thiet hai va s truc trac. - 65mm va nho hn : vat lieu bang ong - 80mm va ln hn : vat lieu bang gang * Noi mem : - c lap at tren tat ca may bm va c che tao bang loai cao su chu lc - 65mm va nho hn c noi bang mat bch hoac union - 80mm va ln hn c noi bang mat bch * Th : - Trc khi cac ong c che ay hoac bao boc, phai th ap lc 2 lan vi :

- ap suat la 5kg/cm2 trong 4 gi va ap lc khong sut xuong qua 2% oi vi ong uPVC . - ap suat la 9kg/cm2 trong 4 gi va ap lc khong sut xuong qua 2% oi vi ong PP-R (ong bm). IV. Bm : 1. Cong suat lam viec toi a va ap lc ieu chnh cua may bm c ch dan tren ban ve va tai lieu ky thuat. - He thong ieu khien se ieu chnh s thay oi toc o cua may bm. Co t nhat 1 may bm d phong co cong suat tng ng khi mot may bm c em i bao tr . - He thong bm c van hoan toan t ong vi cac rle ien at tai cac be nc theo s o cong nghe nh sau :

be nc ngam ----->bm ----->ho nc mai


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- Bm c van hanh luan phien e am bao cac bm c hoat ong thng xuyen. 2. Lap at bm : - May bm se c lap at tren nen mong betong chu lc trong vong khung thep va co bo phan giam chan - Moi bm c lap at van khoa, loc ch Y tren au vao va van 1 chieu, van khoa hoac van ieu chnh tren au ra. - Lap at ong noi vi thiet b am bao rang ch noi se khong lam treo khp hoac b venh. - Can suc ra bo loc ch Y thng xuyen va khong e ong hut nc b thieu nc khi bm nc se lam chay bm . V. He Thong Nc Ma va Nc Thai Sinh Hoat (di at ): 1. Tong quat : - Tat ca nhng cong viec c thc hien cho he thong nay phai phu hp vi qui tac va qui nh cua chnh quyen cap thoat nc a phng va c trnh tren ban ve. - Nhng ni i xuyen qua ng se bat buoc phai co s xac nh bi nhng yeu cau lien quan cua a phng va thc hien cong viec theo s ong y cua kien truc s hoac ky s e am bao an toan va lam nhng cong viec thch hp. 2. ao at : - Cong viec ao at se c lam thch hp theo ng, o doc va cao o c ch dan tren ban ve. am bao rang viec ao at c thc hien trong ieu kien an toan. 3. Lap at : - Viec lap at se hoan thanh sau khi cac ng ong c ket noi va th ap lc at yeu cau thoa ang. Tat ca cong viec lap at c thc hien nhieu lp, s dam thch hp khong vt qua 300mm o day va chac at . Lp au tien se c dam bang tay, can than khi chen ben ngoai ong khong lam anh hng en ng i va o doc cua ong. Cac lp lap con lai se c dam bang may va bat ky s lun xuong sau nay se c lap tiep cho en khi ngay bang mat at cu. 4. Lap at ng ong : a. Ong : - Tat ca ng ong va cac phu kien i kem c thi cong theo nh trnh bay tren ban ve, ong PVC va phu kien i kem se theo tieu chuan ISO 4422. b. Lap at ong cong va ng ong trong nha : - Ong thoat se c at theo ng thang va o doc. am bao rang nhng ong phai c thang, cao o va o doc hoan toan phu hp vi ban ve va neu co s ch dan sau nay cua ky s. Chuan b can thiet nh may ngam, iem chuan, thanh o cho cong viec nay. - Ong c lap bat au t iem thap nhat cua cao o gia cac ho ga va iem i len chnh e chuan b cac goi betong. 5. Mieng tham va ho ga : - Tat ca mieng tham va ho ga trong nha se c lam bang betong chu lc, chat chong tham la phan khong the thieu c cua ket cau xay dng c cung cap ben xay dng. - Nhng nap ay ho ga se c lam betong chu lc . 6. Ong ch : - Ong ch se c cung cap cho v tr ma ong i qua tng, a, san .Nhng ni ma ong ch hoac ong i qua betong chu lc cho phep noi nhau bang mat bch.


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7. Th : - Tat ca ng ong thoat se tuy thuoc vao ap lc nc tnh khong nho hn 1m tai au ng nc thoat. No se khong xuong trong thi gian la 4 gi . VI. Thoat Nc Ben Trong Nha & Pha tren at: 1. ng ong : a. Thoat phan, thoat d va ng hi : - Se c s dung bang ong PVC theo tieu chuan ISO 4422 va c chap thuan cua nha phu trach lien quan. Mot nhanh cua ong se c lam thong suot. Ong nam ngang se s dung co 450 e noi vi nhanh khac, - Moi ket cau tng, betong se dung ong ch cho tat ca cac ong i ngang, i thang ng. - Cac v tr nap tham, thong nghet can lam dau e tien kiem tra va bao tr . b.ng ong hi : - Tat ca ng ong hi se c i am trong tng,san hoac tren tran va noi dai i xuyen qua mai en o cao phu hp vi nhng yeu cau ieu chnh tai ni o vase ket thuc nh mot cai non che lai . - S tham va chu c s bien oi thi tiet tren mai se c dung tam chan chuyen dung e lap gia ong va mai. c. Siphong : - c s dung cho thoat san, thoat lavabo, chau ra, chau ra bep ... d. Noi ong : - Ong PVC vi ong PVC : - Trc khi dung keo va han lai, ong se c cat, lam gon va sach phu hp theo tieu chuan cua nha san xuat. - Ong PP-R dung phng phap han . - Ong BTCT dung loai mieng loe , va moi noi bang va xm mac 100 hoac bao tai tam nha ng e. Ong ch : - Nhng ong ch c chap thuan se lap tai tat ca cac v tr xuyen tng, a va san. 2. Th : - Tat ca cac dung cu e th 1 hoac nhieu nhanh thai ra, neu ng thoat hnh thanh ve toc o, o em a.am bao rang o kch cua nc c gi lai tai iem cao nhat trong qua trnh th. Sau moi lan th, nc phai gi lai trong siphong toi thieu la 25mm. Cong viec th phai c lap lai t nhat 3 lan va siphong phai c nap lai trc moi lan th. VII. Thiet B Ve Sinh : 1. Tong quat : - Tat ca phu kien va thiet b ve sinh c ch nh cung cap cho phep noi va lap at nhng phu kien nay nh the hien trong ban ve. 2. Lap at : - Lap at thiet b phai do nhng cong nhan co tay nghe cao va phu hp theo tien o xay dng. Cung cap va co nh nhng em lot. Nhng gia thng khong theo tieu chuan cua cac nha cung cap. Nhng vat lieu nay se c sn theo ieu khoan bao ve. a. X bet :


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- Thung nc c at tai v tr gan tng cang tot, c gi chac chan bi bulon va ng ong cap se c lap them van chan e de dang khi sa cha. b. Chau ra tay : - Tat ca chau ra phai at an toan tren tng hoac tren ban. Tat ca cac ong cap va ong thoat se c i am cang xa cang tot. ng thoat t chau ra se c lam bang siphong va noi vi ong trong tng bang mat bt. Tat ca ng ong va phu kien lo ra ngoai eu phai c ma. c. Nhng thiet b khac : - Tat ca nhng thiet b va phu kien lap at se c lap at thch hp theo tieu chuan tay nghe cao nhat.

II. HE THONG HKK& THONG GIO: 1. Tong quan: - Chung c CT2 Tan hoa ong bao gom: - Tang ham : c s dung e xe - Tang tret : khu vc sieu th, kinh doanh va cong ong. - Tang 1-20 : khu vc can ho - Tang ky thuat: ni at cac quat hut gio thai va quat tang ap

2. Muc tieu thiet ke: - ay la mot cong trnh mang tch chat tai nh c, e bao am cho cac hoat ong cua toan bo cong trnh ni co cac khu vc nh can ho, hanh lang, kinh doanh Can thiet trang b mot he thong ieu hoa khong kh va thong gio cho cong trnh. Sau ay la nhng muc tieu c ban ma nhiem vu thiet ke at ra: - Tao ra moi trng vi kh hau vi cac thong so nhiet o, o am toc o gio va o trong sach cua khong kh c kiem soat va ieu chnh theo ieu kien tien nghi cua con ngi. - To chc thong thoang, hut thai khong kh t cac khu ve sinh va cac khu vc can thiet khac ra khoi toa nha. - Bao am lng khong kh sach cho con ngi hoat ong trong toa nha. - He thong thong gio va ieu khien khong kh c thiet ke lap at khong anh hng en kien truc cong trnh. o on do he thong gay ra mc o cho phep khong anh hng en cac khu vc trong va ngoai toa nha. - Thiet b la chon cho he thong phai am bao lam viec tin cay, van hanh n gian va thuan tien cho viec bao dng va sa cha. - He thong co kha nang phuc vu oc lap theo yeu cau s dung cho tng khu vc. Cong suat cua he thong c t ong ieu chnh theo tai nhiet thc te cua toa nha tai tng thi iem e nang cao hieu suat hoat ong cua he thong va giam chi ph van hanh.


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- He thong c thiet ke tuan theo tieu chuan va quy pham ve an toan phong chong chaykhong tao ra nguon nhiet co nhiet o cao, va khong s dung cac loai vat lieu de gay chay no. 3.Cac qui pham ve tieu chuan thiet ke: he thong ieu hoa khong kh va thong gio cho cong trnh c thiet ke da tren cac qui pham, tieu chuan ky thuat, va cac tai lieu sau ay: - Tieu chuan thiet ke ieu hoa khong kh, thong gio di am TCVN 5687 - 1992. - Tieu chuan kh hau dung trong xay dng TCVN -4088-85.

- Ky thuat nhiet xay dng - Ket cau ngan che. Tieu chuan thiet ke TCVN - 4605-88. - Cac quy pham ve bao ve muoi trng Viet Nam. - Cac quy pham cua cuc phong chay cha chay cho cong trnh xay ng Viet Nam. - HVAC Systems Duct Derign SMAACNA 1981 Edition.

- ASRAE Handbook. Fundamentals 1999 - ASRAE Handbook. HVAC Systems and application 1987. 4. He thong thong gio: 4.1. He thong thong gio cuc bo: - Cac tram may phat ien, phong ky thuat trong tang ham thong gio theo cong nghe khong nam trong he thong thong gio chung. Tuyen thong gio cho cac tram nay i rieng khong noi vao cac tuyen ong gio khac. ac biet la ong xa khoi cua may phat ien lap at theo yeu cau cua nha cung cap.

- He thong hut kh thai khu ve sinh se c hut bang quat hut 30l/s sau o c thai trc tiep ra moi trng ngoai. 4.2. He thong thong gio tang ham. - Tang ham khong thong gio vi ben ngoai nen co hai he thong thong gio: thong gio hut kh thai bang quat hut (2500/7500/s @300Pa), va cap gio ti vao tang ham bang quat cap gio ti (2400/4800l/s @300Pa) ket hp vi gio ti c cap vao tang ham mot phan theo ng doc xe chay tran t nhien. Thong gio hut kh thai e hut khoi bui, kh CO2, CO do xe thai ra, cap gio ti e am bao cung cap u oxy cho ngi vao ham. Khi co tn hieu bao chay cac quat cap gio ti se ngng hoat ong va cac quat hut kh thai se chay toc o cao. - S dung cac quat hut cap loai quat treo tran ket noi vi ong dan kh va ca gio. Ca thai kh va ca gio ti thong thng cach mat at 1-3m nam trong thanh gieng (hop ky thuat) thai, cap gio. Cac gieng len het tang 1, ket hp vi kien truc cho phu hp vi my quan. Bo tr gieng cap thai kh phai oi xng vi nhau e tranh quan kh: mot ben hut, mot ben thoi. - Yeu cau chung : Cac quat hut khoi ke ca ong c se co the hoat ong c hieu qua tai 300 o C trong 2 gi va ket noi vi nguon ien may phat d phong. Day cap nguon la day chong chay t nhat la 2 gi. - Khoang thong thuy cho i ong gio trong trng hp s dung quat treo tran ket noi ong gio va ca gio la 350. Cac tuyen ong gio, ca gio ket hp vi cac bo mon khac nh ien, nc, PCCC va giao thong tang ham.

6. He thong may lanh: - Khu vc tang tret nh sieu th, s dung he thong may lanh VRV vi :

+ C cau giai nhiet dan nong bang gio .


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+ Tren ng ong dan lanh co cac he thong ieu khien e ieu chnh nhiet o cho tng khu vc. - Khu vc phong ngu s dung may lanh cuc bo loai treo tng. Cac thong so tnh toan khong kh trong va ngoai cong trnh: - Thong so tnh toan cua khong kh trong cong trnh c chon theo TC Viet Nam co tham khao phu hp TC Quoc Te. - Ve mua he:

+ Nhiet o : 25C 2C + o am tng oi: = 65% 5%

- Ve mua ong + Nhiet o : 22C 2C + o am tng oi: = 65% 5%

- Thong so tnh toan cua khong kh ngoai tri c xac nh theo ieu kien kh hau khu vc cu the TPHCM nh sau: - Ve mua he:

+ Nhiet o : 34C + o am tng oi: = 81%

- Ve mua ong + Nhiet o : 21C + o am tng oi: = 74%

Thong so kh hau thiet ke cho cong trnh ben trong nha (khu vc Sieu Th): + Nhiet o: 240C1 + o am trung bnh: 60%5

Thong so kh hau thiet ke cho cong trnh ben trong nha (khu vc Can ho): + Nhiet o: 250C1 + o am trung bnh: 65%5

6.1. He thong may lanh cuc bo kieu treo tng: Cac khu vc c s dung oc lap, rieng biet nen c trang b he thong ieu hoa khong kh cuc bo.

He thong ieu hoa khong kh la loai 2 manh, dan lanh loai treo tng. Moi phong ngu va phong khach trong can ho c trang b moi bo may ieu hoa khong kh rieng biet.

III- HE THONG PHONG CHAY CHA CHAY: 1. He thong bao chay t ong: a. thuyet minh he thong:

- He thong bao chay t ong co chc nang t ong kiem tra, phat hien kp thi cac am chay xay ra tai cac khu vc trong vung kiem soat. Nham phat hien kp thi, han che c cac thiet hai do chay gay ra. - Trung tam x ly bao chay c at tai phong bao ve. ay la ni theo doi tong quat toan bo dien bien an toan, an ninh cua c quan quy khach va la ni tong hp, oi chieu thong tin trc khi chon phng an x ly thch hp.


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- Tat ca cac thiet b ma cong ty chung toi chon la e lap at, ngoai ac iem noi bat vi k thuat tinh vi, hoat ong chnh xac, no con co kha nang thch ng ac biet oi vi moi trng hp rieng biet tai cong trnh cua quy khach: bao gom cac yeu to lien quan en thi tiet nh o am, nhiet o khong kh,

1.1. Tieu chuan thie ke: - Can c tieu chuan Viet Nam:TCVN 5738 1993 (yeu cau thiet ke he thong bao chay t ong) - Can c tieu chuan NFPA (National fire protection association ) Hiep Hoi PCCC quoc te. - Can c tnh nang, ac tnh k thuat thiet b va yeu cau thiet ke lap at cua Nha san xuat. Can c tnh hnh khao sat thc te cong trnh.

1.1. Nhng yeu cau ky thuat cua mot he thong bao chay: - Truyen tn hieu khi phat hieu co chay thanh tn hieu bao ong ro rang e nhng ngi xung quanh co the hien ngay cac bien phap x ly thch hp.

- Phat hien chay nhanh chong theo cac chc nang a c e ra. - Co kha nang chong nhieu tot - Bao hieu nhanh chong, ro rang cac s co lam anh hng en o chnh xac cua he thong.

- Khong b anh hng bi cac he thong khac lap at chung quanh hoac rieng re. - Khong b te liet mot phan hay toan bo do chay gay ra trc khi phat hien chay. - Khong xay ra tnh trang bao gia do chat lng au bao kem hoac sut ap do bo nguon trung tam khong tai c. 1.2. He thong bao chay gom cac thanh phan chnh: - Trung tam bao chay - au bao khoi - Cong tac bao chay khan. - Chuong bao chay. - He thong ng day tn hieu, day cap nguon va ong luon day PVC.

1.3. Chc nang va nhiem vu cua tng thiet b: - Trung tam bao chay: trung tam bao chay c lap at tai phong thng trc bao ve tai tang tret. ay la mot bo phan chnh co nhiem vu tiep nhan va x ly cac tn hieu bao chay, cac tn hieu co s co ky thuat va hien th cac thong tin ve he thong. Tai ay, thong qua trung tam bao chay, nhan vien trc co the quan sat tnh hnh hoat ong cua he thong va ieu khien he thong trong trng hp can thiet. - Nhiem vu chnh cua trung tam bao chay: x ly tn hieu au vao, nhan thong tin t cac thiet b khi bao au vao (Input) nh au bao khoi au bao nhiet, cong tac khan va phat tn hieu en cac thiet b au ra (Output) nh coi, chuong en bao chay, hien th phu. ong thi en hien th vung co chay phai c bat sang hoac hien th tren man hnh cua trung tam.

- La ni hien th cac thong tin cua he thong: trang thai bnh thng, trang thai co s co truc trac ky thuat cua he thong, trang thai bao ong. - De dang kiem soat, tren mat tu trung tam x ly co ay u cac en ch th bao chay tng ng vi cac vung c no kiem soat trong cung mot thi iem. Trung tam x ly co the x ly


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nhieu tn hieu bao chay t nhieu vung kiem soat a ve, cap nguon cho cac thiet b thuoc he thong bao chay. - Thng xuyen hoat ong 24/24 gi. No lien tuc giam sat hien trng qua 3 trang thai:

o Trong trng hp bnh thng ( en mau xanh bat sang) o Trong trng hp co s co ky thuat thuoc he thong, trung tam bao chay se phat tn hieu bang en mau vang va am thanh bip bip e nhan vien trc kp thi x ly.

o Trong trng hp co chay: khoi hoac nhiet se kch thch cac thiet b khi bao (au bao khoi/nhiet) Khi au bao b kch thch, no se lap tc t ong truyen tn hieu ve Trung tam bao chay e x ly nhan va phat tn hieu en cac bo phan khac nh chuong bao chay tai phong trc reo len cung luc ay hien FIRE mau o tai trung tam bao chay se ch bao cho biet khu vc nao xay ra s co.

- Trung tam bao chay co the c cai at e lam viec theo nguyen ly tre thi gian (Delay time). Neu trong mot khoang thi gian tre at trc tn hieu bao chay c chuyen ve lien tuc th se phat tn hieu bao ong - Trung tam c cap nguon ien 1 pha 220V vi tan so 50HZ khi mat nguon AC (ien li) he thong van hoat ong bnh thng nh bo nguon d phong (24 VDC) bao am he thong hoat ong lien tuc suot ngay em. - Trung tam bao chay co the ket noi c vi cac he thong t ong cua mot toa nha nh he thong cha chay t ong, he thong canh bao thoat hiem, he thong thang may, may vi tnh e thc hien viec giam sat ieu khien mot cach t ong. - Lu tr thong tin lien quan en tnh trang cua he thong. - ac tnh ky thuat cua trung tam bao chay: + ien ap cung cap:220V-50Hz + Co 24 zone giam sat + en hien th chc nang ay u nh Fire, trouble, Normal, Power + ong thi co nam hnh hien th tat ca trang thai hoat ong cua he thon + Bao chay tai trung tam s dung coi nho + Bao ong ben ngoai: s dung chuong + Co ket hp vi thiet b cha chay t ong, thang may, tiet b t ong, may vi tnh e thc hien viec quan ly va ieu khien mot cach t ong + Nhiet o lam viec: - 100C en 550C

1.3.1. au bao khoi: la thiet b trc tiep gi vai tro giam sat, phat hien dau hieu co khoi xuat hien va gi ve trung tam bao chay. Thi gian tac ong cua cac au bao khoi khong ln hn 30 giay. Mat o khoi cua moi trng co tac dung en au bao khoi t 5% en 20%.

ien ap lam viec: 24 VDC Nguyen ly hoat ong: quang hoc. Dong ien trang thai giam sat: 20mA Dong ien trang thai bao ong: 60mA Nhiet o la viec: -100Cen 550C

1.3.2. au bao nhiet: la loai au bao khong cam ng khoi. No se cam ng hien tng bau khong kh xung quanh gia tang nhiet, gia tang nhiet o mot cach ot ngot, khoang


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60C phut. No se phat hien tnh trang nhiet o khong kh bat thng nay la phat tn hieu bao ong gi ve trung tam bao chay.

Nguyen ly hoat ong, cam ng s gia tang nhiet o (60C/ph). Nguyen ly hoat ong, cam ng s gia tang nhiet o (60C/ph). Dong ien trang thai giam sat: 20pA Dong ien trang thai bao ong : 50mA Nhiet o lam viec: - 100C en 550C.

1.3.3. Cong tac bao chay khan cap: la loai thiet b thc hien viec bao chay bang tay khi co ngi phat hien s co chay, trong trng hp khan cap c lap at tai nhng ni thuan tien e con ngi co the de dang tm thay va tac ong vao khi co s co. ac tnh ky thuat cua cong tac khan:

ien ap lam viec 24 VDC Nguyen ly hoat ong, tiep iem kho (NO/NC) Co khoa nha e th khi can thiet

1.3.4. Chuong bao chay: khi xay ra s co chay, chuong se phat am thanh bao ong, chuong bao chay c at nhng ni co ngi trc thng xuyen va nhieu ngi qua lai nh khu vc cau thang, sanh, hanh lang e thong bao cho moi ngi biet tham gia cha chay hoac thoat hiem.

ien ap lam viec : 24 VDC ng knh : 150mm Cng o dong ien : 12.5mA Cng o am thanh : 85db

1.3.5. Nguon ien: e am bao he thong bao chay lam viec lien tuc khi mat ien hoac co chay, ngoai nguon ien xoay chieu (AC) lay t ien li quoc gia, trung tam bao chay c trang b bo nguon d phong nham am bao cho he thong lam viec lien tuc khi mat ien. ng day tn hieu khi cap nguon, ong PVC: gom cac linh kien, he thong cap, day tn hieu, cac bo phan tao thanh tuyen lien ket vi nhau gia cac thiet b cua he thong bao chay. - e ket noi cac thiet b cua he thong bao chay, ta phai s dung cac ng day tn hieu cap nguon. Cung vi phu kien e tao ra lien ket cac thiet b vi trung tam. Tat ca cac day eu c luon trong ong PVC va i am nen am tran hoac am tng.

b. Tnh toan thiet b: C s tnh toan: -Can c tieu chuan Viet Nam:TCVN 5783 -1993(y/c thiet ke he thong bao chay t ong) -Can c tieu chuan NFPA (national fire protection association) Hiep Hoi PCCC. -Can c tnh nang, ac tnh ky thuat thiet b va yeu cau thiet ke lap at cua nha san xuat. Dien giai he thong:

* Trung tam x ly bao chay : - Da tren ban ve mat bang kien truc xay dng va tnh an toan chch xac cao oi vi

cong trnh, chung toi chon Trung tam x ly bao chay co so zone ap ng cho cong trnh. Trung tam x ly c s dung 24 zone. Khi co chay xay ra, no se ch ra a ch, khu vc o mot cach chnh xac va nhanh chong. Trung tam x ly bao chay c lap at lap at tai phong bao ve tang ham ( ieu 5.7 TCVN 5738 1993) va c tiep


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at bao ve ung theo yeu cau cua quy pham noi at thiet b ien hien hanh ( 7.2 TCVN 5738 1993).

* au bao khoi: - Cac au bao khoi c lap at co nh tren tran nha, co dien tch bao ve theo nha

cung cap thiet b va phu hp vi TCVN 5738 1993 * au bao nhiet: - Cac au bao khoi c lap at co nh tren tran nha, co dien tch bao ve theo nha cung cap thiet b va phu hp vi TCVN 5738 1993 * Cong tac khan:

- Cong trnh c bo tr mot cong tac khan tai loi ra vao cua ca cong trnh ( ieu 4.2 TCVN 5738 1993). Cong tac khan nay c lap chung zone vi cac au bao ( ieu 4.4 TCVN 5738 1993).

* Chuong bao ong: - Tai cong trnh c bo tr chuong bao ong c lap ac tai cac khu vc khac nhau(xem ban ve chi tiet).

* Day tn hieu: - Day tn hieu c luon trong ong PVC i am tng va chon di at. oi vi cac ng day truc chnh, ngoai cac oi day ket noi vi cac thiet b con co t 2 en 3 oi day d phong. Cac mach tn hieu cua he thong bao chay c kiem tra tnh trang k thuat theo suot chieu dai mach tn hieu. (Chc nang t kiem tra cua Trung tam x ly)

2. He thong en ch dan loi thoat hiem va en chieu sang s co: - He thong en chieu sang s co c thiet ke nh sau: - en chieu sang s co c lap at cac hanh lang, cau thang nham giup ta nh v c loi thoat ra ngoai khi co s co xay ra hoac khi cup ien. en chieu sang s co la loai en t xac. Trong trng hp bnh thng (khong cup ien) en chieu sang s co khong sang. Khi cup ien, en chieu sang s co lap tc bat sang giup ta xac nh ro c loi ra vao. - Ngoai ra, he thong en chieu sang s co con c lap e de dang s dung va bao tr sau nay. - en ch dan loi thoat hiem giup ta nh v c loi ra vao mot cach chnh xac hn.

3. He thong tang ap buong thang thoat hiem: a. Mo ta he thong: - Toa nha gom co 2 he thong buong thang hoat hiem khi co s co hoa hoan xay ra, trc khi t hanh lang cua moi tang ra buong thang thoat hiem eu co phong iem, cac ca ra vao phong iem la ca chong chay co gii han chu la toi thieu la 90 phut. Quat cap gio c at tren tang mai thoi t tren xuong qua mieng gio (hoac qua hop gen tai cau thang thoat hiem) co kch thc 700x700. b.C s tnh toan: - Lu lng khong kh thoi vao buong thang: - Theo tieu chuan TCVN: 1996 tai muc 11.5 e khoi t buong thang khong lan vao cac tang th cac tang phai am bao ap suat d cua khong kh la 2kg/m2 khi co mot ca m. Thc te cho thay e at c ap suat nay th ap suat ong cua buong thang phai ln hn 2kg/m2.


40

gVYPd 2

2=

Trong o: Pd: Ap lc ong cua he thong(Kg/m2), chon Pd = 2.1Kg/m2 V: Toc o gio trong ng ong. Y: Trong lng n v cua khong kh Y= 1.2Kg/m3. G: Gia toc trong trng g = 9.81m/s2 Theo cong thc tren tnh c van toc gio V = 5.86m/s Vay lu lng khong kh cua buong thang la: 3600= FVLthang Trong o: Lthang: Lu lng khong kh cua buong thang (m3/h) V : Van toc khong kh trong buong thang V = 5.86m/s F : Dien tch tiet ien thc khong kh i qua buong thang 209.016 mF = Ta co: hmLthang /24,30378360009.01686.5 3== Vay ta chon quat co lu lng: hmLthang /30600

3=

- Ap suat quat: )()( daytphuttpquat PPH +=

Trong o: quatH : Ap suat cua quat(Kg/m

2)

)(huttpP : Ap suat toan phan tren ong hut(Kg/m2)

)(daytpP : Ap suat toan phan tren ong ay(Kg/m2)

Vi: cbmshuttp PPP +=)( Trong o: msP : Tong ton that ap suat ma sat(Kg/m

2): LRPms = R: Ton that ap suat ma sat n v(Kg/m2/m) I : o dai ng ong(m) cbP : Ton that ap suat cuc bo(Kg/m

2):

g

YxVP quatcb 2.

2

= quat : He so sc can cuc bo mieng vao quat(=1.2)

Thanh phan hut: Do quat hut trc tiep khong kh ngoai vao khong co ong hut(I = 0), nen ay ch

co ton that ap suat cuc bo tai mieng vao quat:


41

22

/53,281.9286.52.12.1 mKgPcb =

=

Vay: 2)( /53,2 mKgPP cbhuttp ==

Thanh phan ay: cbmsdaytp PPP +=)(

2/28565.0 mKgLRPms ===

Yg

VYg

VP mmiengthoi

quatquatcb

.2.2.

22

+= Vi: quat = 1.2 quatV = 24m/s miengthoi = 0.75 mV = 2.4m/s

222

/08.5781.92

2.14.275.05681.92

2.1242.1mKgPcb =

+

=

Vay: 2)( /08.8508.5728 mKgP daytp =+=

Ap suat quat can: 2/61.8708.8553.2 mKgH quat =+=

Vay ta chon quat co cot ap at 90Kg/m2. - Cong suat ong c:

)(3600102

KWHLN

=

Trong o: N: Cong suat ong c(KW) L: Lu lng quat(m3/h) H: Ap suat quat(Kg/m2) : Hieu suat quat.

)(1536005.01029030600 KWN =

=

Nh vay, ay ta chon quat thoi tao ap la quat ly tam canh long soc co thong so sau: Lu lng L = 13600l/s, 650pa Cot ap H = 90Kg/m2. Cong suat ong c N = 12,5KW. 5. He thong ca chong chay: - He thong ca chong chay c thiet ke cho chung c cao tang nh sau:


42

- Ca chong chay c lap at trc loi vao chieu ngh cua cau thang. - Ca chong chay c lam bang go co bat chu la len en 90 phut. - Kch thc cua ca la 2150mx900m.

6. He thong chong set va noi at: a. Gii thieu chung he thong chong set: - Chong set anh thang: Lap 1 kim thu set tren mai moi block , ban knh bao ve kim khoang 71m. Day dan set dung cap ong 70mm2 luon vao ong PVC cach ien D34, he thong noi at s dung 6 coc thep ma ong 16 x2400. ien tr xung kch cua he thong noi at


43

- Thiet b ion hoa cho phep s ion phat ra trong khoang thi gian rat ngan va tai thi iem thch hp, ch vai phan cua giay trc khi co s phong ien set, do o am bao dan set kp thi, chnh xac va an toan. - S hnh thanh hieu ng CORONA. - S xuat hien mot so ln electron tien ao cung vi s gia tang cua ien trng co tac dung rut ngan thi gian tao hieu ng CORONA . - S phong tia tien ao pha tren e thu set. - au thu set phat ra mot ng dan set ve ph tren nhanh hn bat c iem nhon nao gan o. Do o se am bao dan set chu ong va chnh xac. * Vung bao ve cua au thu set : - Ban knh bao ve cua au kim thu set INGESCO PDC E.30 c tnh theo cong thc a nh bi tieu chuan Quoc Gia Phap NFC 17 - 102 . - Ban knh bao ve cua au kim thu set INGESCO PDC E.30 cap bao ve : Cap III Rbv = 71m c gan tren chan e cao 3,5m tren iem cao nhat cua cong trnh. Vi ban knh bao ve cua au kim thu set nh tren am bao phu hp cho viec bao ve toan bo mat bang cua cong trnh.

c. C s tnh toan: - Cong thc tnh ban knh bao ve kim Stormarter : ap dung cong thc tnh ban knh bao ve(Rp) cua kim thu set phong ien sm Stormarter c c tnh theo cong thc ap dung tieu chuan cua phap NF C17-102.

R p = )2()2( DTDDThDh ++ . Nhng thong so quan trong anh hng ti R p

- DT xuat hien trong qua trnh kiem tra Chang han :

Stormarter ESE-50 = DT( spi ) 50 Stormarter ESE-60 = DT( spi ) 60

- h o cao(m) kim thu set Stormaster tren pham vi bao ve. - D(m) phu thuoc vao mc o chon bao ve, mc o bao ve c tnh theo phu luc trong tieu chuan NF C17-102.

Chang han : D = 20m cho mc bao ve cap 1 (cap cao nhat). D = 45m cho mc bao ve cap 2 (cap bao ve cao). D = 60m cho mc bao ve cap 3 (cap bao ve tieu chuan).

- Ap dung cong thc tren cho kim chong set INGESCO PDC E3.0 vi cap bao ve cap 3 ta tinh c R p = 71(m). o cao kim thu set d = 5000mm.

7. He thong cha chay: 7.1. Thuyet minh he thong: - Hang san xuat cua cong trnh Chung C Tan Hoa ong c xac nh nh: - Tieu chuan Viet Nam TCVN 7336-2003: Phan loai c s theo mc o nguy C phat sinh am chay : C s co nguy c chay thap.

- TCVN 2622-1995: Hang C.


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- Bac chu lu cong trnh thuoc bac I nh a c quy nh trong bang 2, 9 va 10 Theo TCVN 2622 1995.

- Qui nh ve viec s dung va lu thong cac trang thiet b PCCC cua Cuc Canh sat PCCC. - Can c vao s phan hang neu tren, he thong PCCC d kien c thiet ke cho cong trnh bao gom: - e am bao o tin cay cha chay cao va kha nang dap tat am chay kp thi, he thong cha chay c chon la he thong cap nc cha chay vach tng & he thong cha chay xach tay.

7.2. He thong cap nc cha chay t ong & cha

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