Hin nay, trc s pht trin nh v bo ca mng thng tin vin thng, mng thng tin s dng cp quang cng ang c u t c v chiu su v chiu rng

TP ON BU CHNH VIN THNG VIT NAM

THUYT MINH D THO

TIU CHUN CP QUANG TREO KT HP DY CHNG ST

YU CU K THUT

M s: 86-09-KHKT-TC

H Ni 2009

THUYT MINH D THO TIU CHUN1. Tn ti

Nghin cu xy dng tiu chun k thut cp quang treo kt hp dy chng st (OPGW)M s: 86-09-KHKT-TC2. t vn

2.1 c im tnh hnh tiu chun ha trong v ngoi nc.

Hin nay, trc s pht trin nh v bo ca mng thng tin vin thng, mng thng tin s dng cp quang cng ang c u t c v chiu su v chiu rng. H thng thng tin s dng cp quang cho php cung cp cc dch v bng rng ti cc thu bao, trong mt trong cc thnh phn quan trng l h thng cp quang treo trn ng dy in lc. Thc t, cc nh cung cp dch v vin thng v ang trin khai nhiu loi cp quang treo ny vi cc tiu chun k thut khng thng nht. Tiu chun cp quang kt hp dy chng st cha c xy dng v vn o kim, nh gi cht lng v chng nhn hp chun cha thng nht. c bit trong giai on hin nay, cc nh cung cp dch v vin thng ln nh VNPT, FPT, Viettel, EVN ang gp rt trin khai cc dch v ng dng qua cp quang ti khch hng. Vic xy dng b tiu chun cp quang quang kt hp dy chng st l cn thit v cp bch.Hin ti c rt nhiu chng loi cp si quang c sn sut (VINA LSC, FOCAL), nhp khu (France Telecom, Pirelly, Alcatel...) vo nc ta vi nhiu c im tham s k thut khc nhau. Mc d tiu chun cp si quang TCN 68-160:1996 c dng nh gi cht lng cp, nhng tiu chun ny cha c cp nht v cha nh gi c cp trong thi im hin nay do ch a ra c th chung ca loi cp quang cng nh do s cp nht cc ch tiu si quang trong nhng nm gn y.Cc t chc quc t nh ITU, ETSI, IEC c ban hnh cc tiu chun cp quang quang kt hp dy chng st, c th ITU ban hnh chun L.26, IEC ban hnh chun IEC 60794-4. Trn c s cc chun ny v tiu chun lin quan ban hnh, cc c quan qun l vin thng cc nc la chn v ban hnh b tiu chun cp quang quang kt hp dy chng st nhm thng nht ha cc ch tiu k thut ca cc nh sn xut khc nhau to iu kin thun li cho vic p dng trin khai cp quang treo trn thc t.Hin ti, mt s nh sn xut cng b cc ch tiu k thut ca sn phm cp quang, v vy vic o kim, nh gi cn c tun th nghim ngt theo cc tiu chun c ban hnh nhm phc v cng tc o kim nh gi hp chun sn phm chnh.2.2 Tnh hnh s dng, qun l cp quang treo trn thc t

- Trong nc:Tnh n 2006, h thng cp quang do Tp on in lc Vit Nam u t l khong 13.030 km, trong khong 5.260 km cp quang ni ht v 7.770 km cp quang lin tnh. Vi khi lng cp quang in lc k trn, kt hp vi cc tuyn cp quang trao i gia cc Cng ty Vin thng lin tnh (VTN) v Cng ty Vin thng Qun i (Viettel), h thng truyn dn cp quang ca Tp on in lc Vit Nam c chiu di xp x 18.000 km v kt ni n tt c cc tnh, thnh ph. H thng cp quang in lc ti 469/629 qun/huyn, tng ng 75% cc qun/huyn trn phm vi ton quc.

EVN tin hnh nng cp ng trc cp quang Bc - Nam ln 2,5 Gbps v hon thnh v cui nm 2003. Vo thi im cui nm 2004, EVN Telecom chnh thc khai trng cng kt ni quc t Mng Ci - Trung Quc - Hng Hng (cp quang t lin) vi dung lng 2,5 Gbps. Cng ghp ni knh quc t th 2 i Hng Kng qua ng Lng Sn vi dung lng kt ni 2,5 Gbps cng c chnh thc khai trng vo gia nm 2005. C 2 cng kt ni u sn sng nng cp ln 10 Gb/s khi c nhu cu.

Trong nm 2005, song song vi vic pht trin h thng truyn dn phc v BTS (cc trm thu pht sng ca h thng di ng CDMA 450 MHz) cc tuyn truyn dn ng trc Bc - Nam, ng truyn dn quc t v cc tuyn truyn dn kt ni to mch vng cng c u t v dn a vo vn hnh an ton h thng truyn dn ca Tp on in lc Vit Nam. Trong cc cng trnh a vo vn hnh nm 2005, c bit c th k n cc tuyn truyn dn sau:- Cc tuyn truyn dn dung lng 2,5Gbps c u t ng b vi ng dy 500 kV mch 2 bao gm tuyn Ph Lm - Pleiku Nng v tuyn H Tnh - Nho Quan - Thng Tn.

- Tuyn truyn dn dung lng 2,5 Gbps Nho Quan Nam nh Thi Bnh - Hng Yn - Hi Dng cng c a vo s dng khng ch to nn cc tuyn truyn dn lin tnh cho cc tnh ng bng Bc B m cn s dng d phng cho mch truyn dn Bc Nam qua Ho Bnh. p ng nhu cu pht trin h thng truyn dn trong thi gian ti c bit l ng trc Bc - Nam, trong nm 2005 Tp on phi hp vi Cng ty Vin thng Qun i khi cng xy dng tuyn cp quang H Ni - Hu v khn trng hon thnh cc th tc xy dng tuyn truyn dn mch 3 vi dung lng 10 Gbps.Hin ti, Tng cng ty truyn ti in quc gia ang qun l 6.294 km cp quang, trong :

Cp quang trn Z 500 kV l 3.350 km (k c Z 500 kV mch 1,2).

Cp quang trn Z 220 kV l 2.841km.

Cp quang trn Z 110 kV v trung/h p l 102 km (mt s tuyn OPGW cha bn giao cho in lc).

- Ngoi nc:

Cng ty Truyn ti in n c h tng 19.000 km cp quang tri di trn khp mi min t nc n , c giy php kinh doanh dch v ng di ni a v c giy php cng nhn l mt nh cung cp dch v Internet (ISP Internet Service Provider).

Tp on in lc KEPCO (Hn Quc) trin khai mng cp OPGW vi chiu di hn 13.000 km vo cui nm 2006, trn c s hnh thnh mt mng li cp quang rng khp c nc phc v sn xut kinh doanh in nng. Hn na, c s h tng cp quang rng ln cng ng vai tr lm bn p chin lc gip KEPCO pht trin kinh doanh cc dch v vin thng nh Truyn hnh cp (CATV) v Leased line.

+ Nhiu t chc tiu chun quc t nh ITU (International Telecommunication Union), IEC (International Electrotechnical Commissinon), ISO (International Organization for Standardization), TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association), EIA (Electronic Indutries Alliance), CENELEC (European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization), ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) hay quc gia nh ANSI (American National Standards Institute), ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) v ICEA (Insulated Cable Engineers Assocation) v mt s cc quc gia khc nh Australia, New Zealand cng ban hnh mt s cc tiu chun v cp quang kt hp dy chng st.

Tnh hnh qun l cp quang

Hin nay ngnh ban hnh cc tiu chun cp si quang ni chung, v mt s lai cp quang ng dng cho mng truy nhp hay mng li ni ring nhng cha xy dng c b tiu chun k thut p dng ring cho cp quang kt hp dy chng st.

2.3 L do v mc ch xy dng tiu chun

a. L do

+ Cp quang kt hp dy chng st l loi cp quang c s dng khi xy dng cng vi ng dy truyn dn v phn phi in. Loi cp nh vy kt hp cc chc nng ca dy chng st v dy thng tin. Tuy nhin, hin nay Vit Nam cha xy dng tiu chun cp quang treo kt hp dy chng st s dng trn mng vin thng Vit Nam.

+ Cc ti nghin cu trc y cha cp y tiu chun ca cp quang treo kt hp dy chng st.

+ Do cha xy dng tiu chun cp quang treo kt hp dy chng st nn hin nay cc n v khng c s c la chn cp quang kt hp dy chng st m bo cht lng dn n s dng cp khng m bo yu cu k thut lm nh hng n cht lng truyn dn v c bit tui th ca cp quang kt hp dy chng st rt ngn. p ng nhu cu cn thit cho giai on sp ti cn phi xy dng mt b tiu chun k thut cho cp quang kt hp dy chng st, nhm to s thng nht trong qu trnh la chn trin khai cp treo.

Vic nghin cu, xy dng tiu chun cp quang kt hp dy chng st da trn vic r sot cc tiu chun cp quang quang kt hp dy chng st ca cc t chc quc t v tiu chun cp treo trong nc, xy dng tiu chun k thut ph hp vi mng vin thng Vit Nam.

b. Mc ch

Xy dng c bn d tho tiu chun cp quang treo kt hp dy chng st v cc bi o kim tra, nh gi cc loi cp treo ny phc v cho vic nh gi cht lng, qun l v la chn cp quang treo kt hp dy chng st ph hp cho cc nh khai thc dch v vin thng.

Tiu chun cp quang treo kt hp dy chng st c ban hnh s l c s cc doanh nghip sn xut v sn xut lm c s nh gi cht lng cp phc v cho cng tc sn xut, mua sm cp quang s dng trn mng Vin thng Vit Nam m bo cht lng nng cao cht lng dch v Vin thng.

3. Tng quan v cp quang treo kt hp dy chng stOptical fiber ground wire (OPGW) l mt loi cp c s dng khi xy dng cng vi ng dy truyn dn v phn phi in. Loi cp nh vy kt hp cc chc nng ca dy chng st v dy thng tin. Cp OPGW c cu trc ng vi mt hoc nhiu si cp quang bn trong, bao quanh l cc lp thp v dy nhm. Cp OPGW chy gia cc ct in cao th. Cp lin kt cc ct lin k vi t, v bo v dy dn cao th khi sc do st. Cc si quang bn trong cp c th s dng cho vic truyn d liu tc cao, hoc cho cc tin ch ca ngnh in bo v v iu khin ng dy ti in, cho tin ch truyn thoi v d liu, hoc c th cho thu hoc bn cho bn th 3 xy dng ng thng tin cao tc gia cc thnh ph.

Si quang bn thn n l mt vt cch in v bo v chng li s cm ng t ng dy in v t st, nhiu bn ngoi v xuyn m. Cc cp OPGW in hnh cha cc si quang n mt vi suy hao thp, cho php truyn dn tc cao trn khong cch xa. Hnh thc bn ngoi ca OPGW tng t nh cp ACSR, thng dng dy bc kim loi.

Cp OPGW l mt phng tin thng tin c mt s u im so vi cp chn ngm. Chi ph lp t cho mt km thp hn so vi cp chn ngm. Hn th, cc knh quang hc c bo v trnh nh hng ca cp cao th pha di (v nh cao ca OPGW tnh t mt t). Mt knh thng tin qua cp treo OPGW c li do kh nng nh hng do o xi, chng hn, l thp.

C th lp t thm nhiu si quang so vi nhu cu thng tin ni b c th cho php nhu cu tng lai v cng cho thu hoc bn cho cc cng ty vin thng. Chi ph thu cc cp ri ny c th l ngun doanh thu ng k cho nh cung cp.

ng dy phn phi in h th cng c th mang theo cc cp OPGW, tuy nhin, nh cung cp c th lp t cc cp ADSS (all-dielectric self-supporting). Cc cp ny i cht tng t nh cc dy dn in thoi v cp truyn hnh.

HYPERLINK "http://www.wiretec.de/dpconopgw_optical_ground_wire.htm"

HYPERLINK "http://wiretec.eu/epconopgw_optical_ground_wire.htm"

Vt liuCc yu cu v in v c kh c tha mn nh s kt hp c bit ca cc vt liu, AlMgSi, thp m km v thp bc nhm. Thnh phn truyn tin thc s - cc si thy tinh c sp xp trong ng thp khng g, cng vi cht n chng m, bo v tt hn.

Thit kT mt li lm t nhm, AlMgSi, thp hoc thp bc nhm, s kt hp gia cc ng thp khng g v cc vt liu trn to thnh lp th nht, thm mt hoc nhiu ln ty thuc vo yu cu k thut tnh v in. ng thi li c th thay th bng ng thp khng g.

C ba dy lp trong cng nh li c th thay th bng ng thp khng g cha cc si thy tinh. Cc ng thp c bc kn v, s dng cht n c bit, bo v cho cc si thy tinh. S lng si ti a trong cp OPGW chun l 72.

Cu trc OPGW thng thng AACSR/ACS 94/47 1COPGW si n mtOPGW cu trc c bitOPGW cu trc c bit

dy dn hp kim nhmng thpdy ACS

c im Tr khng cao

Cc si quang c gn kn

Cc si quang c bc lng

gin di ca si quang < 0.01 % m bo tin cy cao nht

Cu trc nh gn, ln ti hn 100 si quang

M hnh lp t cp OPGW v cc thit b ph tr trn ng dy in lc

4. S c v ti liu tham kho xy dng tiu chun

4.1 ITU-T

- ITU-T L.26 - Optical fibre cables for aerial application (Cp quang treo)

Khuyn ngh ny trnh by cc thuc tnh, cu trc v mt s phng php o kim tra cho cp quang treo nhng khng p dng cho cp OPGW.Cc tham s hnh hc v truyn dn c trnh by theo 2 loi thuc tnh:

Thuc tnh si

Thuc tnh cp

Khuyn ngh ITU-T L.26 c ITU-T nhm 6 nghin cu ban hnh vo nm 2002.

4.2 IEC

IEC 60794-4, Sectional specification: Aerial optical cables along electrical power lines

Tiu chun ny xut bn nm 2003, bao gm cc yu cu k thut v c tnh in, c v quang i vi cp quang treo k c cp OPGW, OPPC, MASS, ADSS v OPAC. Ngoi ra cn a ra mt s phng php o kim tra i vi cc loi cp ny.4.3 Tiu chun Vit Nam

TCVN 6745-3:2000: Cp si quang. Phn 3: Quy nh k thut tng phnTiu chun ny quy nh cc yu cu i vi cp si quang n mode c dng ch yu cho mng vin thng cng cng.

4.4 Tiu chun ngnh

11 TCN 19-2006: Qui phm trang b in. Phn II: H thng ng dn in.Qui phm ny quy nh cc yu cu i vi h thng ng dn in, trong c ng dy chng st kt hp cp quang.4.5 So snh ni dung cc ti liu chnh

Khuyn ngh ITU-T L26 p dng cho cp si quang treo ngoi tri vi si quang n mode. Khuyn ngh ny cho ta cc ch tiu v thuc tnh c hc v mi trng.

Ti liu IEC 60794-4 trnh by cc ch tiu v c tnh in, c v quang v cc phng php o kim tra cho cp si quang quang kt hp dy chng st.

Tiu chun TCVN 6745-3:2000 trnh by cc ch tiu hnh hc, truyn dn, c, mi trng v cc phng php o kim tra cho cc loi cp si quang n mode. Qui phm 11 TCN 19-2006 trnh by chi tit cc yu cu i vi h thng ng dy in, trong bao gm cp quang kt hp dy chng st.Nhn xt:

Xt v cc tham s quang, truyn dn v hnh hc th khuyn ngh ca ITU-T l chi tit v trnh by cho cc ng dng trong vin thng hn so vi tiu chun ca IEC. Xt v tham s c hc, mi trng th tiu chun IEC 60794 trnh by chi tit hn so vi khuyn ngh ca ITU-T, c bit l cc bi o kim tra c, mi trng.

Mt s yu cu k thut ca khuyn ngh ITU-T tham chiu n tiu chun IEC 60794.

4.5 La chn s c chnhS c chnh dng trong bin son d tho ti ny s da vo cc tiu chun, khuyn ngh nu trn la chn cc yu cu k thut cho ph hp vi mc ch v yu cu ca ti, trong ch yu l chp thun nguyn vn tiu chun IEC 60794-4. Ngoi ra, mt s ni dung c vin dn t qui phm trang b in 11 TCN 19-2006.5. Phng php xy dng d tho tiu chun

Tiu chun c bin son da theo phng php chp thun p dng tiu chun quc t v trong nc chuyn thnh ni dung ca tiu chun ngnh ph hp vi mng vin thng Vit Nam, trong s c quan trng nht c chp nhn gn nh nguyn vn l IEC 60794-4.

Tn tiu chun xut l: Cp quang treo kt hp dy chng st (OPGW- Optical Ground Wire Cables)5.1 Cu trc tiu chun

D tho TCVN c cu trc theo hng dn ca V KHCN B thng tin v truyn thng bao gm:1. PHM VI P DNG

2. TI LIU VIN DN3. THUT NG V NH NGHA

4. YU CU K THUT I VI CP QUANG TREO KT HP DY CHNG STPH LC A: CC PHP O KIM TRA (Tham kho)TH MC TI LIU THAM KHO5.2 Bng tham chiu

D tho tiu chun c xy dng theo phng php chp thun nguyn vn v ni dung. Tuy nhin cu trc theo Tiu chun Vit Nam c hi khc nn phn cui ca d tho cng c m t r rng bng bng i chiu tiu chun vin dn nh bng sau. D ph hp vi ng dng v mc ch ca Tiu chun Vit Nam, phn phm vi c xy dng mi cho ph hp.

86-09-KHKT-TCTi liu vin dnSa i b sung

1. PHM VI P DNGT xy dng da trn yu cu ca 86-09-KHKT-TC

2. TI LIU VIN DNT xy dng da trn yu cu ca 86-09-KHKT-TC

3. THUT NG V NH NGHATm tt t cc phn nh ngh ca ti liu IEC 60794

4. YU CU K THUT I VI CP QUANG TREO KT HP DY CHNG ST

4.1 Yu cu v suy haoIEC 60794-4Chp thun mt phn

4.1.1 H s suy haoMc 4.2.1 Attenuation coefficientChp thun nguyn vn

4.1.2 Tnh ng nht suy haoMc 4.2.2 Attenuation uniformityChp thun nguyn vn

4.1.2.1 S gin on suy haoMc 4.2.2.1 Attenuation discontinuitiesChp thun nguyn vn

4.2 Bc sng ct ca si quangMc 4.3 Cut-off wavelength of cable fibreChp thun nguyn vn

4.3 Nhum mu si quangMc 4.4 Fibre colouringChp thun nguyn vn

4.5. Thnh phn cpMc 5 Cable elementChp thun nguyn vn

4.5.1 Li c rnhMc 5.1 Slotted coreChp thun nguyn vn

4.5.2 ng nhaMc 5.2 Plastic tubeChp thun nguyn vn

4.5.3 Bng siMc 5.3 RibbonChp thun nguyn vn

4.5.4 ng kim loiMc 5.4 Metallic tubeChp thun nguyn vn

4.5.4.1 ng kim loi trn li quangMc 5.4.1 Metallic tube on the optical coreChp thun nguyn vn

4.5.4.2 Si quang trong ng kim loiMc 5.4.2 Fibres directly located in a metallic tubeChp thun nguyn vn

4.6. Cu trc cp si quangMc 6 Optical fibre cable constructionChp thun mt phn

4.6.1 c im chungMc 6.1 GeneralChp thun nguyn vn

4.6.2 Cu trc cc thnh phn cpMc 6.2 Lay-up of the cable elementsChp thun nguyn vn

4.6.3 n li cpMc 6.3 Cable core fillingChp thun mt phn

4.6.4 Thnh phn gia cngMc 6.4 Strength membersChp thun nguyn vn

4.6.4.1 OPGWMc 6.4.1 OPGW, OPPC and MASSChp thun nguyn vn, c lc b ni dung khng lin quan

4.6.5 Lp v trongMc 6.5 Inner sheathChp thun nguyn vn

4.6.6 Lp v ngoiMc 6.6 Outer sheathChp thun nguyn vn

PH LC A: CC PHP O KIM TRAChp thun nguyn vn

A.1 Phn loi php o kim traMc 9.1 Classification of testsChp thun nguyn vn

A.2 Kh nng chu cngMc 9.2 Tensile performanceChp thun nguyn vn

A.3 Th nghim bin dng-ng sut ca cp kim loiMc 9.3 Stress-strain test on metallic cablesChp thun nguyn vn

A.4 Kh nng lp t Mc 9.4 Installation capabilityChp thun nguyn vn

A.4.1 Un cong nhiu lnMc 9.4.2 Repeated bendingChp thun nguyn vn

A.4.2 Kh nng chu va pMc 9.4.3 ImpactChp thun nguyn vn

A.4.3 Kh nng chu pMc 9.4.4 CrushChp thun nguyn vn

A.4.4 V tr xon cpMc 9.4.5 KinkChp thun nguyn vn

A.4.5 Kh nng chu xonMc 9.4.6 TorsionChp thun nguyn vn

A.5 Kh nng chu nhitMc 9.5 Temperature cyclingChp thun nguyn vn

A.6 Ngn mch11 TCN 19-2006: ph lc I.2.3Chp thun nguyn vn

A.7 tng tch vi u niMc 9.12 Fitting compatibilityChp thun nguyn vn

A.8 Kh nng chng thmMc 9.13 Water penetrationChp thun nguyn vn

A.9 p lc gi11 TCN 19-2006: mc II.5.25Chp thun nguyn vn

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