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iu khin v/fTc ng b t l vi f cho nn vic thay i f s dn n thay i tc ng b v ko theo l tc Xt b bin tn ngun p u vo l U v f. y phn bit 2 vng iu khin m ko theo c tnh c c

bit.Th nht l iu khin f

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Vi gii php tit kim nng lng bn cnh vic nng cao tnh nng iu khin h thng, cc b bin tn hing dng chun cho cc h truyn ng cho bm v qut.

Nh tnh nng k thut cao vi cng ngh iu khin hin i nht (iu khin ti u v nng lng) cc blng nhiu nh u t trong nc, trong khu vc v trn th gii.

CC LOI TI NNS DNG BIN TN TIT KIM IN

1. Ph ti c m mem thay i (iu ha trung tm, bm cp nc, bm qut mt,... ).2. ng c lun chy non ti m khng th thay ng c c th phi lp thm bin tn

Lp bin tn cho hthng bm - qut

ng20:08 19-08-2011 bi T Duy Tin B

Gii thiu:Hthng bm nc cho khu cng nghip, cc trung c nh cao tng, khng i hi vvn cu t ra l phi gii quyt c vic n nh p sut ?L do: bnh thng khi khng vo cc gicao im dng nc ca cc hth p sut ng ng tng cao> cn gicho p sut n nh.

Hot ng: bm chnh skhi ng ( theo cc bc an ton: lm y ng ng, khi ng mm,). Khsut ttrn ng ng sphn hi vCard Pump --> iu khin ng bm. Tng tnu vn cha pc ng. Sthay i p sut sc bin tn xl thng qua vic thay i tc bm chnh.

PHNG PHP TIT KIM NNG LNG IN DNG BIN TN CHO CC LOI TI BM QUT S

1. Vn iu khin lu lng ca bmiu khin theo kiu truyn thng: Bm, qut sc cp ngun trc tip Bm, qut lun hot ng chnh mc. Vic thay i lu lng thng thng dng van tit lu (ti bm), thay i ng mca cnh chn gi--> Nhn xt: Tng trkhng ng ng

Lu lng gim nhng cng sut tiu hao gim rt t

V d: khi ta dng valve tit lu gim lu lng bm xung cn 80% so vi nh mc. Theo bnh thngim i th cng sut tiu tn cng gim i mt lng ng k, nhng cthy chnng lng tiu tn5% cng sut trn 20% lu lng gim).iu khin qua bin tn: Bm, qut c cp ngun qua bin tn.

Bm c thhot ng cc chkhc nhau ty thuc vo yu cu.

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Vic thay i lu lng c thc hin thng qua vic thay i tt ng c.--> Nhn xt: Khng cn tn tht nng lng trn valve nh kiu truyn thng. Bm cng khng phi sinh ra cng sut trn trc ln hn nhu cu thc tchng li sc cn trn valve

V d: khi dng bin tn iu khin bm, nu ta mun gim lu lng xung 80% so vi nh mc.Ta chcgim tc ng c xung. Quan hgia moment ti v tc ng c (vi ti bm qut) l:M=n2

Cng sut: P=M*n-->P n3Nu ta gim tc xung cn 80% (0.8)Th cng sut chcn bng (0.8)3 0.5iu ny cho ta thy rng bm schhot ng vi 50% cng sut nh mc l c tht c 80% lu l

2.c tnh ca bm:* L mi quan hgia p sut v lu lng* Hc tnh ca bm khi tc bm thay i

a. c tnh lm vic ca ti bm qut:im lm vic ca bm l giao im ca ng cong ca bm v ng cong ca hthng

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Ta xt ng c c tc nh mc l n= 1480 RPM Dng van tit lu thay i lu lng

3. Tnh ton cng sut bm

Cng sut bm c tnh bng tch ca lu lng nhn vi p sut. y chnh l din tch trn ng ctnh cng sut nh sau: xt lu lng Q tnh theo (m3 /s)P = (d * H * Q) / k

vi,d: khi lng ring ca cht c bm (kg/m3)H: cao ct p cn bm (m)Q :lu lng bm (m3/s)k : tsgia cng sut u ra vi cng sut trn trc ca bmSo snh cng sut cho mt lu lng cnh khi dng valve tit lu v khi dng bin tn iu chnh tc Dng valve tit lu:

ng c lun chy vi cng sut nh mc,vic thay i lu lng thng qua vic thay i mcnh chi ng mca valve (ti bm). iu ny sgy tn hao nng lng khi chy lu lng thp (ti bqut).Dng bin tn: Ton bhthng bm qut sc iu khin thng qua bin tn. p sut ca ton h thng khng i vi mi lu lng (cm bin p sut trn ng ng phn hi thng Vi phng php iu khin U/f, iu khin vector, do tc c ththay i mt cch linh hot. Dng khi ng c hn chskhng gy st p khi khi ng skhng nh hng n cc thit bkh Qu trnh stop, start c mm ha nn gim tn hi cho ng c vmt c kh, cho htruyn ng cnbo dng gim. Khng gii hn sln khi ng . Tit kim nng lng khi ti thay i lin tc.

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C cc chc nng bo v: qu p, thp p, qu nhit,bo vnhit ng c, bo vngn mch,o pha, k C tnh nng lm y ng ng: khi ng bm ttvi thi gian ci t, trnh gy rung ng ng vngt, nh hng xu cho hthng.

nh hng ca phn cng sut hao ph l do : trn, si bt kh, tng nhit cht lng

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Chuyn i nhiu bm:

SDNG BIN TN GII PHP GIM TN THT IN NNG TRONG SN

XUTng19:51 19-08-2011 bi T Duy Tin B

PHN I: TNG QUAN V NG DNG CA BIN TN

Vn s dng hp l v tit kim in c Tp on in lc VitNam tuyn truyn, v

php cho cc c s sn xut ang s dng ccng c in khng ng b cng sut va v ln:H thng truyn ng in cho my cng tc hoc cc dy chuyn sn xut phc v sn xut nng

lng sc hay cn gi l ng c cm ng. ng c khng ng b ni chung c nhiu u vit nhng nu stn ti mt s nhc im nh:

- Dng in khi ng rt ln, gp 4 - 6 ln dng in nh mc ca ng c, c bit nhng my lun cba...nh hng xu ti nhng my khc ang vn hnh ng thi v gim tui th ng c in.

- Tc vng quay ca ng c in cm ng ch c iu khin theo tng cp (hu

cp); thng thng mi ng c ch thay i c mt trong cc dy tc ng b nh:

3.000 - 1.500vg/ph; 1.500 - 1.000vg/ph; trong khi nhng cng ngh sn xut yu cu h thng truy

th h truyn ng in trn khng c kh nng p ng.

Do s pht trin vt bc ca k thut vi in t v in t cng sut nn ngy cng c nhiu loim bin tn AC l mt in hnh.

Nguyn l lm vic:

Tc ng b (cha tnh n trt s) ca ng c khng ng b xoay chiu ba pha

c tnh:

n = 60f/p (vg/ph).

y: f - tn s li in 50Hz (mt s quc gia trn th gii c tn s f = 60Hz);

p - s cp cc t trn stato ng c.

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V vy, da vo cng thc tnh (n), ngi ta c th thay i tn s (f) ngun vo ng c, do tc ntn. B bin tn phi thc hin c cc chc nng:

-Bin i in p xoay chiu ba pha ca ngun in vo thnh in p mt chiu nh b

chnh lu cu ba pha;

- Sau nh b nghch lu (INVERTER) s i ngc li thnh in p xoay chiu ba pha

bin i theo phng php iu ch rng ca xung ;

V ng dng:

- iukhinng ckhng ng bcng sut t15 ntrn 600kW vi tckhc nhau;

-iuchnh lu lng ca bm, lu lng khng kh qut ly tm, nng sut my, nng sut bng ti .

- n nh lu lng, p sut mc c nh trn hthng bm nc,qutgi , my nn kh ... cho d

-iu khin qu trnh khi ng v dng chnh xc ng c trn h thng bng ti ...

Bin tn AC cng sut nh t 0,18 14 kW c th s dng iu khin nhng my cng tc nh: ca g

Vi bm v qut ly tm l nhng my c m men ti thay i theo tc vng quay nh sau:

- Lu lng (m3/h) t l bc nht vi tc , Q1/Q2 = n1/n2 ;

- p sut (Pa) t lbnh phng tc , H1/H2 = (n1/ n2)2

- Cng sut in tiu th (kW) t l lp phng vi tc , P1/P2 = (n1/ n2)3

y: Q1, H1, P1 - lu lng, p sut v cng sut in tng ng vi s vng quay nh

mc ca ng c ( n1= 2960, 1.460 vg/ph ...).Q2, H2, P2 - lu lng, p sut, cng sut in ng vi tc vng quay c iu

chnh (n2

T d dng nhn thy, mt s trng hp m cng ngh sn xut i hi phi iu chnh lu lim khc nhau th vic thay i tc ng c dn ng c xem l thch hp nht, c bit tit kim ilu thng cht lng hay chtkh phi thng qua gc m cc van u vo hoc u ra ca ng ng.

Cng sut in tiu th t l vi bc ba ca tc , v th gii phpng dng bin tn iu chnh tc lm vic vi tc khng i (100% nm).

V d:Thng s ca ng c bm nc nh sau: cng sut nh mc Pm = P1 = 30kW,s

vng quay nh mc n1 = 2.960vg/ph. Khi cn iu chnh gim lu lng hoc p sut

bng cch gim tc di nh mc: n2= 2.500vg/ph, th cng sut tiu th lc ny ch

cn:

P2 = 30. (2.500/2.960)3= 18kW, (P2 = 60% Pm)

Nu my vn hnh ch t ti trong thi gian t =15 h/ngy, in nng c th tit kim

c so vi khng dng bin tn :

DA = 30.15 - 18.15 = 180kWh/ngy

Hiu qu khi s dng bin tn :

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- Hiu sut lm vic ca my cao;

- Qu trnh khi ng v dng ng c rt m du nn gip cho tui th ca ng c v

cc c cu c kh di hn;

- An ton, tin li vvic bo dng cng t hn do vy gim bt s nhn cngphc v v vn hnh m- Tit kim in nng mc ti a trong qu trnh khi ng v vn hnh.

Ngoi ra, h thng my c th kt ni vi my tnh trung tm. T trung tm iu khinnhn vin vn hlng, vng quay ...), trng thi lm vic cng nh cho php iu chnh, chn on v x l cc s c c

PHN II: GII THIU H IU KHIN BM NC SCH DNG BIN TN TIT KIM I

A : Cu hnh h thng v nguyn l hot ng:

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Biu sau minh ha hot ng iu khin bm :

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Nh vy vi vic a bin tn vo h thng s hot ng bm st theo ng thc t lu lng ph ti,im.

- PLC S7-200: b iu khin trung tm, n x l cc tn hiu thu thp v t h thng iu khin cc- Converter (bin tn): iu khin trn tc ng c. Vi bin tn th ng c chy vi hiu sut rt c

kim nng lng in so vi cch hot ng cca trm.

- u o p sut: mc ch o p sut mng. Vi tn hiu o c t u o p sut a v PLC xmng.

- Mn hnh hin th TD-200: dng ci t cc ch hotng ca trm, ci p sut mng... Ngoi r

Nguyn l hot ng:

Vi thit k ny, h thng s t ng gim st p sut nc trn ng ng mng v iu khin ngcng ng mng theo th ph ti ngy, tc l h thng s iu khin p sut theo thi gian thc. H thng

- o lng: do u o p sut o lngv chuyn i a v CPU ca S7-200.

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- X l thng tin: b iu khin trung tm s m nhim vn ny.

- iu khin: S7-200 s phi hp vi bin tn lm vic ny theo yu cu.

- Gim st: S7-200 s kt u o p sut gim st h thng hot ng.

- Giao tip gia ngi vn hnh v thit b: do mn hnh hin th TD-200 thc hin.- H thng c th chuyn i qua li gia cc motor bm chy vi bin tn nhm mc ch nng cao tu

i c th thc hin bng cch ci t trn mn hnh TD200.

-ng thi cho php mrng v pht trin phti sau ny, hthng c thsdng cng lc hainh l mt bm nn v bm c bin tn schy iu chnh nh cho ph hp vi phti. Hot ng ca h

Hm trong BT

ng k nhn thng tin vbi ng

Cc gii php hm ng c AC dng Bin Tnng20:29 17-08-2011 bi T Duy Tin B

1. Hm DC Injection:

L phng php hm ng nng dng dng in 1 chiu.

Cch thc thc hin l ngt ngun AC cp cho ng c v ng ngun 1 chiu vo cho ng c.

VD: hm ng nng dng dng 1 chiu cho ng c d b 3 pha.+ u tin ct ngun AC ca ng c.

+ Cp in 1 chiu cho 2 phaca dy qun Stator.+ Dng in 1 chiu i qua dy qun Stator, to ra t trng khng i trong khe kh. Lc ny ng c hotin 1 chiu khng c gp, ngn mch u ra.+ Rotor do vn cn qun tnh, nn tip tc quay trong t trng 1 chiu , dn n trong dy qun Rotor cin cm ng.

Dng in cm ng va sinh ra tc dng vi t trng Stator. Kt qu to ra moment hm chng li chiu quay Rotor.

Phng php ny ch dng dng ng c, moment hmgim dn.

Thng thng cn ci t dng 1 chiu v thi gian hm. Vic iu chnh moment hm c thc hin thng qua vic iu chnh in p DC t vo 2 cun d

ng c, Rotor ngn mch ta khng th thm Rham, nhng Rotor dy qun ta c th thm Rham

2 Bus DC cabin tnc nhiu ng dng:

+ Nu dng hm th cn lp thm 1 b hm (c c in tr hm) v nu ly thng DC Bus ra dng hm thchy, hng DC Bus.+ C th tit kim nng lng tr v li bng cch lp b hm ti sinh Genertive Braker.

mt sbin tnc tch hp sn 2 u ra 1 chiu (khng phi DC Bus) bn trong c IJBT. Khihm,

iu chnh cng sut hm (khng phi PWM iu ch dng sin ca bin tn).

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2. Khi nim Catch on Fly:

L hnh thc bt theo cng tc ang quay ca ng c.

V d nh khi ng c mt in hay restart, ng c s khng bt u ttc 0 m bin tn s o tquay v bt u xut pht t tn s .

u im: khi ng li ng c ang chy s khng b git, khng li.

Vic ci t c thc hin bngbin tn.

3. FreeWheel Stop:

Khng tc dng bt c g khi ngt ng c ra khi li in, ng c quay dng t do.

4. Hm ti sinh dng nghclu ph thuc:

Phng php : lp thm b nghch lu ph thuc song song vi b chnh lu, nghch lu ph thuc hc 1 chiu, pht in v li.

Khi tc ng c ln hn tc khng ti, ng c s nh l mt my pht a in ngc tr lihm ti sinh s chuyn in trn DC Bus (khi cng Gate c kch hot) v li in xoay chiu.

u im: tit kim khi ng c thng xuyn hm.

Nhc im:

+ Chi ph ban u cao (do thm cu ti sinh).+ Ch thchhp khi ti thay i tc v chiu chuyn ng thng xuyn.

5. Ni cc DC Bus ca cc bin tn khc nhau.

http://sisia.vn/Giai-phap/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=118&Itemid=53http://sisia.vn/Giai-phap/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=118&Itemid=53http://sisia.vn/Giai-phap/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=118&Itemid=53http://sisia.vn/Giai-phap/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=118&Itemid=53

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u im: d thc hin, gi r, khi ng c ny hm th nng lng tr v s nui ng c khc.

Nhc im: nu tt c cc ng c ny cng hmth phi b tr thm in tr hm.

Vi bin tn cng sut khong 0.55 1.5KW th khng cn cu ch DC Bus.

Trng hp trong h thng c nhiu ng c hot ng lin tc trn h DC Bus th khi ngun ca. Trong trng hp nys c thmbin tnkt ni vi dy ngun.

6. Hm ng nng qua in tr:

Hm ng nng qua in tr: khi ngt ngun AC ca ng c, cht hm IGBT s t ng m trn Din tr hm thch hp (in tr cng sut). Nng lng t ng c tr ln DC Bus qua in tr hmhng ln bin tn.

u im: n gin.

Nhc im:

+ Tn in (khng tn dng c in tr v).+ Tn in tr.+ Ch thch hp vi thit b hot ng lin tc, t hm, o chiu.

http://sisia.vn/Giai-phap/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=118&Itemid=53http://sisia.vn/Giai-phap/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=118&Itemid=53http://sisia.vn/Giai-phap/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=118&Itemid=53http://sisia.vn/Giai-phap/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=118&Itemid=53

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7. Tnh in tr hm cho bin tn:

Chn R c cng sut bng cng sut hm.

Mun ng c chuyn chuyn t tc 2 v 1 trong thi gian t:

J, 2 1 ,vi J l moment qun tnh quy v trc ng c. Cng sut ng c khi hm:

PM = 1/2 (22 12)1/T .T: thi gian hm.

Cng sut in tr hm:

PR = U.I = U^2/R

bo m an ton khi hm th:

PM = PR R=2T.U^2/J(_2^2-_1^2 )

Nhn xt:

+ R ln s hm lu do I b+ R b dng ln hng t C.+ Do cn chn R ph hp.