ソーシャルキャピタルあふれる持続可能な付加価値創造都市をめざして FUTURE CITY TOYAMA 1 COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

Masashi Mori, Mayor of Toyama City

Toyama’s Unique Compact City Management Strategy ～ Creating a Compact City by Re-imagining and Restructuring Public Transportation ～

２

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

■Map of Japan

■Map of Toyama Prefecture

Toyama City - The best spot to view the Tateyama Mountain Range

・Population：Approx. 40% of Toyama Prefecture (421,953 people, 2010 census）

・Area：Approx. 30% of Toyama Prefecture (1,241.85 square km.)

・Topographical diversity: From sea level (Toyama Bay) to 2,986m ( Suishodake.)

・2013 Fiscal Year General Account Budget: 152.4 billion yen (1.55 billion dollars)

Outline of Toyama City

An aerial view of Toyama City

Toyama

City

Plan for Environmentally-Friendly Future City of Toyama

Problems confronting Toyama City

Toyama City proposes some countermeasures against these problems.

１．Creation of a Compact City through the Renovation of Public Transport

・Revitalizing public transport

・Concentrating city amenities in the city center or areas along public transport lines

・Revitalizing the city center ・Concentrating city amenities within walking distance

・Amassing social capital

２．Creation of an Attractive and High Quality City Life

３．Promotion of Local Industry

・Making the most of the local pharmaceutical industry

・Tapping recyclable sources of energy ・Inviting companies into Toyama

A sustainable city should attract people, making it a vibrant city.

②Too much dependence on automobiles and declining public transport use

④Higher administrative costs

①Dwindling population and an aging society

③Less attractive city with an emptying city center

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

３

Some problems confronting Toyama City:

⑤Increasing carbon dioxide emissions

４

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

Basic Policy for the Creation of a Compact City

①

②

③

By revitalizing public transport, including railway track lines, and by concentrating

various city functions such as residential, commercial, business and cultural buildings

along public transport lines, we can create a compact city.

<Concept Illustration>

Targeted city structure - dumplings and skewers

Skewer: Public transport offering a higher level of service

Dumplings: Population centers connected by the skewers, allowing

pedestrian access to various city amenities

＜Three pillars for the Strategy＞

Revitalizing public transport

Encouraging residents to relocate

to zones along public transport lines

Revitalizing the city center

５

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

角川介護予防センター

富山ライトレール

Distribution Map of Senior Citizens ( 2012 )

グランドプラザ

アヴィレ

市内電車環状線化事業

居住誘導ゾーン 沿線ゾーン（用地地区外）

Kadokawa Care

Prevention Center

City Tram Loop

Toyama LRT

Grand Plaza

Aville

JR Hokuriku Line

Takayam

a L

ine

JR

Toyama

station

The Number of Senior Citizens

(2012) in a 250m*250m area

25 people or less

25‐49 people

50‐74 people 75‐99 people

100 or more people

Railway network Frequently operated bus route City center

Zones along public transport lines promoting residence

Zones along public transport lines (unused areas)

Areas in use

6

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

By creating the LRT network, we hope to modify the current life style of too much dependence on

automobiles and realize a town with every city amenity within walking distance.

Revitalizing Public Transport - Formation of LRT Network

Toyama LRT (Apr. 2006) City Tram Loop Line (Dec. 2009)

The Image of Tram going under the elevated

Toyama Station

7

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

・Former JR Toyama Port line

■Outline

JR Toyama Port line (a local line), which had been suffering from declining numbers of

passengers, was revitalized as the nation's first full-fledged LRT. This was achieved by

adopting a two-tiered concept in which the public sector constructs the track while the

private sector runs the business.

Revitalized as the

nation's first

full-fledged LRT

Inaugural Day: April 29th, 2006

Extended Distance: Approx. 7.6km

No. of Stations: 13

・Toyama LRT

Construction of Toyama LRT – Reshaping JR Toyama Port Line into LRT –

８

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

樹 脂

溝レール

コンクリート路盤

■ IC card pass

■Light Rail attendants

■Vibration-dampened, lawn-covered track

■Operation

■Introduction of a unified design

■Low floor cars and barrier-free stations

*Fare is uniformly 200 yen.

Former service New Service

Operation interval

First / Last Train

No. of stations

Vehicles

30 to 60 min.

5-6 / 21-22:00

9

Railroad vehicles

15 min. (10 min. during rush

hour)

5-6 / 23-24:00

13

All super-low floor vehicles

Toyama LRT - Operation and Service -

■Side Reservation Section

Toyama LRT and Cityscape①

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

９

Toyama LRT and Cityscape②

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

１0

11

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

■Weekdays: 2.1 times as many passengers as before; Weekends: 3.6 times

as many passengers using the new service.

■Increase in daytime use by senior citizens (Lifestyle Change)

【Number of Passengers by Age (Weekday) 】 【Number of Passengers by Time Zone (Weekday) 】

Effect of Toyama LRT

357

189287

399

610

260164

520

280

673

814

1,210

925

566

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

10代 20代 30代 40代 50代 60代 70代～

（人）

H17（ＪＲ） H18（ポートラム）

451

54

1,178

570532

476

688

803

392

186217283

101117119155

771

163

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

～6時台 7～8時台

9～10時台

11～12時台

13～14時台

15～16時台

17～18時台

19～20時台

21時台～

（人）

H17（ＪＲ） H18（ポートラム） 2005(JR) 2006(Toyama LRT)

（Hr）

（Passengers） （passengers）

2005(JR) 2006(Toyama LRT)

Teens 60’s 50’s 20’s 40’s 30’s 70’s 7:00 9:00 11:00 13:00 15:00 19:00 17:00 21:00

12 COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

Loop Line

The extension of the tram line contributed to making

the downtown area more appealing and making it

easier for people to move around.

・Adoption of the first two-tiered system in Japan.

・Route construction was integrated with the road

space and aimed at the creation of attractive urban

space.

■Outline

Inaugural Day: December 23rd, 2009

Extended Distance: Approx. 0.9km

(Loop Line approx. 3.4km)

No. of Stations: 3 new stations were added along

the extended route.

Vehicle: 3 new low-floor cars were adopted.

City Tram Loop Line Project

Loop Line

Project

The northern route and the

southern route will be

joined in the future.

Harmonious Blend of LRT and Cityscape

■平和通り COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

１３

On both weekdays and weekends, city tram

ridership has increased after the inauguration

of the Loop Line (Fiscal year 2009).

(On weekdays +42%, on weekends +32%）

・Revitalization of the entire city tram system: increased ridership, improvement of the city

center image etc.

・The line has become established: increased ridership in the downtown area, increased ease

of moving around in the area etc.

Results of City Tram Loop Line Project

【City tram ridership】 【Change in ridership between Toyama Station

and the downtown】

Ridership between Toyama Station and the

downtown has increased after the

inauguration of the Loop Line.

(On weekdays +41%, on weekends +19%）

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

5,037

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2009 2010 2011

利

用

人

数

（

人

）

5,682 5,847

2012

6,677

32％increase

7,253

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2009 2010 2011

利

用

人

数

（

人

）

10,299

9,306

2012

10,328

42％increase

867 843

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

利

用

者

数

（

人

）

（Toyama Station⇔Grand Plaza） （the downtown）

1,088 1,128

1,037

927

1,190

1,039

41％increase

19％increase

Existing route Transit Loop Line

2009 2010 2011 2012 2009 2010 2011 2012

Loop Line Existing route

【weekday 】 【weekday 】 【holiday 】 【holiday 】

１４

（Passengers） （Passengers）

Inauguration of the Hokuriku Shinkansen line in spring 2015

Connecting north and south tram lines (Toyama LRT and the Loop Line)

based on thesubsequent JR Hokuriku line elevation

Improvements around Toyama Station with the Inauguration of the

Hokuriku Shinkansen Line - Connecting the North and South Tram Lines

▲Tram stop under the elevated Toyama Station

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

１５ ▲New Shinkansen station and trams running north and south

▲Square in front of the south exit of Toyama Station

１６

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

Promotion of Residence in the City Center

and in Zones along Public Transport Lines

Housing in city center and residentially

promoted zones along public transport lines

・Purchase subsidy

Designation of city center area and residentially promoted

zones along public transport lines

・City center area: Approx. 436 ha

※Areas around 19 public transport axes centered in

Toyama Station

・Residentially promoted zones along public transport

lines: Approx. 3,000 ha

・Areas around railroad or tram stations (within a 500-meter radius)

・Areas around bus stops (within a 300-meter radius)

2005 2012 2025(Projected Total)

117,560 people 162,180 people

Number of residents in the zones

along city center and public

transportation lines

132,301 people

Projected change in number of

residents by activating public

transportation or encouraging

residence within the zone

(389,510 people) (422,009 people) (421,239 people)

(About 28%) (About 31%) (About 42%)

１7

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

・All-weather multi-purpose square, attracting many people even when it is cold or snowy

・Glass roofed and equipped with a huge screen and an elevating stage

・More than 100 events are held here annually.

Revitalizing the City Center - The Grand Plaza

Size: Approx. 1,400㎡(65m×21m) Height to the ceiling: Approx. 19m Screen: Approx. 277 inches

（Outline of the facility）

１8

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

Revitalizing the City Center - Special Pass Project

Citizens over 65 years old can receive a 100 yen public transportation discount fare to the

city center from any station or stop in Toyama City, a collaborative project with private

transportation companies.

30% of senior citizens hold the special pass; each day an average of 2,370 people use it

＜Special Pass＞

Citizens over 65 years old, ￥1,000

The City Center

＜How to use the pass＞

①Hours of usage: 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m

②Pass can be used:

・Anywhere between the city center and within Toyama City

・Inside the city center area

・Anywhere between Toyama Municipal Hospital and within

Toyama City

19

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

①Reduce CO2 emissions

②Revitalize the city center and make it

more convenient to move around

■Project Purpose:

■No. of Bicycle Stations：

15 stations in the city center

A New Transport Option for Citizens Going Downtown without Automobiles

■No. of Bicycles：150

■Project Operator: Cyclocity Inc.

Revitalizing the City Center - Bicycle Sharing System for Toyama Citizens (Aville) -

City Tram

Loop Line

Revitalizing the City Center - Flower Tram Model Project

≪Flower Tram Model Project≫

The city tram fare is free when

customers purchase a bouquet from

a designated flowershop.

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

２0

Something good happened that day

so I bought flowers and rode the

tram. Again something good

happened.

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

0人/日

4,000人/日

8,000人/日

12,000人/日

16,000人/日

H9

H10

H11

H12

H13

H14

H15

H16

H17

H18

H19

H20

H21

H22

H23

【Number of city tram passengers per day】

Inauguration of the

Loop Line

(Inauguration of

Toyama LRT)

Results of Compact City Policy - City Tram Usage

Until fiscal year 2006, the number of the city tram passengers had decreased, but the

number increased beginning in fiscal year 2007 due to the opening of Toyama LRT

and the Loop Line, the introduction of an IC card system, and low floor cars.

【City tram route map】

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

２1

(Passengers/Day)

(year）

２2

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

■Number of pedestrians in the city center steadily increased by 56.2 % during

2006 –2011

■Vacant stores in the city center decreased by 2.3 % during 2009-2011

8,421

13,155

(persons)

Observation period

the

nu

mb

er o

f p

edes

tria

ns

2011 2006

12,500

【Shift in the number of pedestrians (Weekends)】

Grand Plaza opening（2007）

56.2% Increase

【Shift in percentage of vacant stores】

2.3％ decrease

％

％

％

(％)

10,000

7,500

Results of Compact City Policy - Number of pedestrians and vacant stores in the city center -

per

cen

tag

e o

f v

aca

nt

sto

res

15,000

5000

２3

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

Nishi-cho and Sogawa Area

Parking Structure

Grand Plaza Sogawa Shopping Street

South Area

Commercial Building

Sogawa 4-chome and Hatago-machi

Area Commercial and Residential

Building

Stimulating of private investment in urban redevelopment projects induced by public investments

Nishi-cho Southeast f Area

Commercial and Residential

Building

City Tram Loop Line

Results of Compact City Policy - Stimulation of Private Investment -

Chuo Shopping Street f Area

Commercial and Residential

Building

Nishi-cho South Area Type 1

Urban Redevelopment

Project

Scheduled for completion in

2015

New tram

station

Area scheduled for urban

redevelopment project Area scheduled for

urban redevelopment

project

２4

Revitalization projects and residential promotion projects have made zones along public transport

lines more attractive. Since 2012, more people have moved into the city center and residentially

promoted zones along public transport lines than have moved out.

■Shift in population (Number of people moving into the city center and residentially promoted

zones along public transport lines minus number of people moving out)

【Shift in population (Number of people moving into the city center and residentially

promoted zones along public transport lines minus number of those moving out)】 (persons）

(year）

Results of Compact City Policy - Increase in Incoming Population -

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

２5

【Change in the number of children in Toyama municipal elementary schools and the

number of elementary school children in the city center】

・In the entire city, the rate of elementary school children in the city center increased by 0.6 points. (2007-2012).

・Increase of 106 elementary school children (12.6 %) in the city center (2007-2012).

Results of Compact City Policy - Increase in Number of Elementary School Children in the City Center

951928

900868 858

839 849 858

911941 945

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1,200

H14 H15 H16 H17 H18 H19 H20 H21 H22 H23 H2410,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

中心市街地（芝園、中央小学校）児童数 中心市街地（芝園、中央小学校）児童数の割合(year）

(persons） (persons）

951928

900868 858

839 849 858

911941 945

22,510 22,687 22,629 22,771 23,027 23,010 23,151 22,948 22,928 22,75422,339

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1,200

H14 H15 H16 H17 H18 H19 H20 H21 H22 H23 H24

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

中心市街地（芝園、中央小学校）児童数 市立小学校全児童数

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

the number of children in Toyama municipal elementary schools

the number of elementary school children in the city center

951928

900868 858

839 849 858

911941 945

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1,200

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

中心市街地児童数

951928

900

868 858839 849 858

911941 945

22,33922,75422,92822,94823,15123,01023,02722,77122,62922,68722,510

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1,200

H14 H15 H16 H17 H18 H19 H20 H21 H22 H23 H24

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

中心市街地（芝園、中央小学校）児童数 市立全小学校児童数

２6

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

International Assessment of Toyama’s Compact City Policy

In the 2012 OECD report on “Compact City Policies” which looked at countries

around the world, Toyama City's compact city policy was recognized as one of five

cities with advanced policies: Melbourne, Vancouver, Paris, Portland and Toyama.

■OECD report, "Compact City Policies"

■OECD meeting at OECD Headquarters in Paris,

June 13, 2012 .

※ＯＥＣＤ Website http://www.oecd.org/document/22/0,3746,en_2649_37429_50321238_1_1_1_37429,00.html

27

COMPACT CITY TOYAMA

Toward a city open to the future through innovation in the environment, society, and economy

Reducing CO2 emissions

Revitalizing the city center

Circulation

Nurturing social capital

Regional medicine

Nursing care

Health

Safety and social security

Reduction of administrative cost

Creation of new industries

Revitalization of rural communities

Increased tax revenue

Promotion of local industries

Creation of employment

Toyama City Management – A Unique Compact City Strategy

Realizing a sustainable society through the creation of highly desirable living conditions

that achieve a harmony between quality of life and environmental concerns

Toyama’s Compact City Management Strategy

Creation of Environmental Value

Creation of Economic Value

etc etc

etc

Creation of Social Value