Luyn thi i hc Ho hu c
Chuyn hidrocacbon
Cu1: Tn ca hp cht (CH3)3CCH2C2H5 l: A/ Trimetyl propan B/
2,2-dimetyl-1-etylpropan C/ 2,2-dimetyl pentan D/ tert-butyl propyl
Cu 2: Ankan A c t khi hi i vi hiro bng 29 v mch cacbon phn nhnh. Tn
ca A l: A/ isobutan B/ isopentan C/ neopentan D/ isohexan Cu 3: Mt
hirocabon no mch h c %C = 83,33% c s ng phn l: A/ 2 B/ 3 C/ 4 D/ 5
Cu 4: Khi clo ha 2-metylbutan, s ng phn sn phm th monoclo l: A/ 1
B/ 2 C/ 3 D/ 4 Cu 5: Khi t chy x mol ankan A c 10,8gam H2O v
11,2lit kh CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca x l: A/ 1,0 B/ 0,1 C/ 2,0 D/ 0,5 Cu
6: X, Y, Z l 3 ankan k tip nhau c tng khi lng phn t l 174 vC. Tn ca
chng ln lt l: A/ metan, etan, propan B/ etan, propan, butan C/
propan, butan, pentan D/ pentan, hexan, heptan Cu 7: t chy ht 1 mol
ankan A c nhnh thu c khng qu 5 mol CO2. Mt khc khi 1 mol A phn ng
ht vi 1 mol Cl2 ch to ra mt sn phm th duy nht. A c th l: A/ Propan
B/ 2, 2-dimetylpropan C/ 3, 3-dimetylybutan D/ 3, 3-dimetylpentan
Cu 8: t chy 1 mol ankan A cn 6,5 mol O2. S nguyn t hiro trong phn t
A l: A/ 4 B/ 6 C/ 10 D/ 14 Cu 9: Khi t chy ankan trong kh clo ta
thy sn phm sinh ra mui en v mt cht kh lm qu tm m ha . Vy sn phm phn
ng l: A/ CCl4 v HCl B/ HCl v CnH2n+1Cl C/ C v HCl D/ HCl v CnH2nCl2
Cu 10: Khi un mui RCOONa vi NaOH thu c hirocacbon c tn l etan. Tn
ca R l: A/ metyl B/ etyl C/ propyl D/ isopropyl Cu 11: t chy hon
ton 1mol hn hp gm CH4 v H2 cn 1mol O2. Phn trm theo th tch cc kh
CH4, H2 trong hn hp ln lt l: A/ 50% v 50% B/ 33,3% v 66,7% C/ 66,7%
v 33,3% D/ 86% v 14% Cu 12: Cn ly bao nhiu lt kh CH4 v C2H6 c 8 lt
hn hp (CH4, C2H6) c t khi hi i vi H2 bng 11,5. A/ 5 v 3 B/ 4,5 v
3,5 C/ 4 v 4 D/ 2 v 6 Cu 13: T khi hi ca hn hp X gm metan v etan so
vi khng kh l 0,6. t ht 1 mol X th s mol O2 cn: A/ 3,70 mol B/ 2,15
mol C/ 6,30 mol D/ 1,25 mol Cu 14: t chy hn hp hai hirocacbon ng ng
k tip ta thu c 11,7 gam H2O v 17,6 gam CO2. Vy cng thc phn t ca hai
hirocacbon l: A/ C2H6 v C3H8 B/ C2H4 v C3H6 C/ CH4 v C2H6 D/ C3H6 v
C4H10 Cu 15: Th tch CO2 thu c khi t chy 44,8 lt hn hp gm CO v CH4
(cc kh o ktc) l: A/ 4,48 lt B/ 44,8 lt C/ 22,4 lt D/ 89,6 lt Cu 16:
Hp cht 2,3-dimetylbutan khi phn ng vi clo theo t l mol 1 : 1 c chiu
sng s thu c s sn phm ng phn l: A/ 1 B/ 2 C/ 3 D/ 4 Cu 17: Brom ha
mt ankan thu c mt dn xut cha brom c t khi hi i vi khng kh l 5,207.
Ankan ny l: A/ n-butan B/ iso-butan C/ neo-butan D/ neo-pentan Cu
18: Clo ha mt ankan c mt monoclo trong clo chim 55% v khi lng.
Ankan c cng thc phn t l: A/ CH4 B/ C3H8 C/ C2H6 D/ C4H10 Cu 19: Cho
cc ha cht a. CHCH; b. CH2=C=CH2; c. Xiclobutan; d. Buta-1,3-dien
Pht biu no sau y ng? A/ a, d l hai cht ng ng B/ a, b l hai cht ng
phn C/ b, d l hai cht ng ng D/ b, c l hai cht ng phn. Cu 20: Mt
ankan c tn c sai l 2,3,4-trietylpentan. Tn c ng theo danh php IUPAC
l: A/ 3-metyl-4,5-dietylhexan B/ 4-etyl-3,5-dimetylheptan C/
3,4-dietyl-5-metylhexan D/ 3,5-dimetyl-4-etyalheptan. ThS.inh Vn
Long T: 01234251579 1
Luyn thi i hc Ho hu c
Chuyn hidrocacbon
Cu 21: Cc cht no sau y u c th lm nht mu dung dch brom? A/ metan,
etilen, axetilen B/ eten, etin, divinyl C/ etilen, axetilen, bezen
D/ propen, propin, etylclorua. Cu 22: Cc cht no sau y u lm nht mu
dung dch brom v dung dch KMnO4? A/ SO2, C2H2, H2, HCl B/ C2H4,
C2H2, C2H6, CH4 C/ H2S, H2SO3, NH3, CO2 D/ SO2, C2H2, C2H4, H2SO3
Cu 23: Hn hp kh no sau y khng lm phai mu dung dch brom v dung dch
KMnO4? A/ SO2, CH4, H2, CO2 B/ C3H8, Cl2, C2H4, C2H2 C/ N2, NO2,
H2S, HCl D/ CO2, NH3, C2H6, CH3Cl Cu 24: Sn phm chnh thu c khi cho
2-metylpropen tc dng vi HCl: A/ 2-clo-2-metylpropen B/
2-clo-1-metylpropan C/ 1-clo-2-metylpropan D/ 2-clo-2-metylpropan
Cu 25: Phng php no di y gip ta thu c 2-clobutan tinh khit nht? A/
n-butan tc dng vi Cl2 (askt), t l mol 1:1 B/ but-2-en tc dng vi
hidroclorua C/ but-1-en tc dng vi hidroclorua D/ buta-1,3 -dientc
dng vi hidroclorua. Cu 26: Crackinh mt ng phn ca petan ch thu c
metan v 2-metylpropen. Xc nh tn ng ca ng phn dng, gi s rng s ct mch
din ra ty v khng c s ng phn ha. A/ n-pentan B/ iso-pentan C/
neo-pentan D/ khng xc nh c. Cu 27: C3H6 c tn gi: A/ propen B/
xiclopropan C/ xiclopropen D/ propen hoc xiclopropan. Cu 28: tinh
ch etilen c ln etin c th dn hn hp i qua rt chm dung dch (d) no sau
y? A/ AgNO3/NH3 B/ dung dch Brom C/ dung dch NaOH D/ dung dch KMnO4
Cu 29: Nhng phn t no sau y 1. CH2=CH2; 2. CHCH; 3. CH2=CHCl; 4.
CH3-CH3; 5. CF2=CF2; 6. CH2Br2 Cht c th c phn ng trng hp? A/ 1, 2,
4 B/ 4, 5, 6 C/ 5, 4, 2, 6 D/ 1, 2, 3, 5 Cu 30: S ng phn mch h, c
ni ba ca C5H8 l: A/ 2 B/ 3 C/ 4 D/ 5 Cu 31: Phn ng cng hp hidro vo
phn t hp cht hu c cha bo ha c gi l: A/ phn ng hirat ha B/ phn ng
ankyl ha C/ phn ng kh ha D/ phn ng hiro ha Cu 32: Hirocacbon Y c
cng thc phn t C6H6, lm mt mu dung dch Br2. Y phn ng vi dung dch
AgNO3/NH3. Cu to ca Y phi tha mn iu kin quan trng nht l: A/ c vng
bezen B/ c lin kt bi C/ c lin kt ba D/ c t nht mt lin kt ba u mch
Cu 33: Cho cc cht sau: 1. ru etylic; 2. metan; 3. n-butan; 4. etin;
5. iso-butan; 6. vinylaxetilen; 7. eten. Ch bng mt phn ng duy nht,
cc cht c th iu ch divinyl l: A/ 1, 3, 5,7 B/ 2, 4, 6 C/ 1, 3, 6 D/
2, 3, 5, 7 Cu 34: Z l mt hirocacbon mch h khng phn nhnh c cng thc
phn t C 6H6. Mt mol Z tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d trong NH3 to ra
292 gam kt ta. Tn ca Z l: A/ benzen B/ hex-1.3-diin C/ hex-1,4-diin
D/ hex-1,5-diin Cu 35: C bn cht kh ng ring trong cc l mt nhn l
C2H4, CH4, CO2, SO2. C th s dng thuc th no phn bit cc kh trn? A/
dung dch Br2 v kh Cl2 B/ kh Cl2 v dung dch Ca(OH)2 C/ dung dch
Ca(OH)2 v dung dch Br2 D/ dung dch Br2 v dung dch KMnO4 Cu 36: Cho
cc thuc th: HCl(dd), AgNO3(dd), Cl2(k), Br2(dd), qu tm. Ch cn s dng
2 trong s thuc th no trn phn bit 4 cht lng: n-hexan, hex-2-en, dung
dch mui n, NH3(dd)? A/ qu tm v dd AgNO3 B/ dd AgNO3 v dd Br2 C/ dd
HCl v dd Br2 D/ kh clo v dd KMnO4 Cu 37: C 4 l mt nhn ln lt cha cc
cht kh: n-butan, buten-2, butin-1 v CO2. phn bit cc kh trn, c th s
dng nhng thuc th no sau y? A/ dung dch AgNO3/NH3, dung dich Ca(OH)2
B/ dung dch AgNO3/NH3, dung dch Br3 C/ kh Cl2, dung dch KMnO4 D/
dung dch Ca(OH)2, dd AgNO3/NH3. dd Br2 Cu 38: phn bit cc kh CH4,
H2, C2H4, C2H2 ng ring trong cc l c th s dng nhng thuc th no sau y?
ThS.inh Vn Long T: 01234251579 2
Luyn thi i hc Ho hu c
Chuyn hidrocacbon
A/ dd AgNO3/NH3, dd Br2 B/ dd AgNO3/NH3, dd Br2, t + dd Ca(OH)2
C/ dd KMnO4, dd Br2 D/ dd AgNO3/NH3, dd Br2, t + dd NaOH Cu 39:
tinh ch kh metan c ln C2H4, C2H2, SO2 c th c nhng thuc th no sau y?
A/ dd AgNO3/NH3 (d) B/ dd Ca(OH)2 (d) C/ dd Br2 (d) D/ dd NaOH (d)
Cu 40: Isopren khi cho phn ng cng vi Br2 theo t l mol 1 : 1 c th to
ra bao nhiu cht sn phm c cu to khc nhau? A/ 2 B/ 3 C/ 4 D/ 5 Cu 41:
C th c bao nhiu ng phn monobrom c to thnh khi thay th mt nguyn t
hiro ca naphtalen? A/ 1 B/ 2 C/ 3 D/ 4 Cu 42: C bao nhiu ng phn
hexin C6H10 tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 cho kt ta vng? A/ 3 B/ 4
C/ 5 D/ 6 + Cu 43: Vi xc tc HgSO4/H nhit thch hp, khi hirat ha
propin ta thu c sn phm no di y? A/ CH3CH2CHO B/ CH3CH2CH2OH C/
CH3-CO-CH3 D/ CH3-CHOH-CH3 Cu 44: Kh etilen c ln SO2. C th dng dung
dch no sau y loi b SO2 nhm thu c etilen tinh khit? A/ dd Br2 d B/
dd KMnO4 d C/ dd K2CO3 d D/ dd KOH d Cu 45: Khi cho toluen phn ng
vi clo, chiu sng t l mol 1:1 th: A/ xy ra phn ng th, to thnh
phenylclorua B/ xy ra phn ng cng, to thnh phenylclorua C/ xy ra phn
ng th, to thnh benzylclorua D/ xy ra phn ng cng, to thnh
benzylclorua. Cu 46: t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon thu c s mol nc v
CO2 nh nhau. Hirocacbon thuc dy ng ng no? A/ anken B/ xicloankan C/
ankadien D/ anken hoc xicloankan Cu 47: t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon
G thu c nH2O = 2nCO2. Vy G l: A/ ankan B/ ankin C/ CH4 D/ C2H6 Cu
48: Hai anken c CTPT C3H6 v C4H8 khi phn ng vi HBr thu c ba sn
phm,vy tn gi ca hai anken l: A/ propen v but-1-en B/ propen v
but-2-en C/ propilen v isobutilen D/ khng xc nh c. Cu 49: Cho 800
gam t n vo nc d, thu c 224l kh (ktc). Hm lng CaC 2 c trong t n l:
A/ 60% B/ 75% C/ 80% D/ 83,33% Cu 50: t chy hon ton hai hirocacbon
mch h lin tip trong dy ng ng thu c 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc) v 25,2 gam
H2O. Hai hirocacbon l: A/ CH4, C2H6 B/ C2H6, C3H8 C/ C2H4, C3H6 D/
C2H2, C3H4 3 3 Cu 51: t 10cm hirocacbon A mch h bng 90 cm O2 (ly
d). Sn phm thu c sau khi cho hi nc ngng t cn 65cm3, trong c 25cm3 l
oxi (cc kh o cng iu kin). CTPT ca A: A/ CH4 B/ C2H6 C/ C3H8 D/
C4H10 Cu 52: t chy hon ton hai hirocacbon lin tip trong dy ng ng.
Sn phm chy ln lt dn qua bnh 1 ng H2SO4 m c v bnh 2 ng KOH m c, thy
khi lng bnh 1 tng 2,52g v bnh 2 tng 4,4g. Hai hirocacbon l: A/ C2H4
v C3H6 B/ C2H6 v C3H8 C/ C3H6 v C4H8 D/ C2H2 v C3H4 Cu 53: Cho hn
hp hai anken li qua dung dch nc brom thy mt mu va ht 80 gam dd Br2
10%. Tng s mol ca hai anken l: A/ 0,1 mol B/ 0,05 mol C/ 0,025 mol
D/ 0,005 mol Cu 54: Cho 1,12g mt anken cng va vi Br2 thu c 4,32g sn
phm cng. Cng thc phn t ca anken l: A/ C2H4 B/ C3H6 C/ C4H8 D/ C5H10
Cu 55: Cho 14g hn hp hai anken kt tip nhau i qua dung dch brom thy
phn ng va 320g dung dch brom 20%. CTPT ca hai anken l: A/ C2H4,
C3H6 B/ C3H6, C4H8 C/ C4H8, C5H10 D/ C5H10, C6H12 Cu 56: t chy hn
hp gm mt ankan v mt anken thu c a mol H2O v b mol CO2. T s T = a/b
c gi tr l: ThS.inh Vn Long T: 01234251579 3
Luyn thi i hc Ho hu c
Chuyn hidrocacbon
A/ 1 < T < 2 B/ 1 T 2 C/ 1 T 2,5 D/ 1,5 < T < 2. Cu
57: t chy hon ton 8,96 lt (ktc) hn hp hai anken ng ng k tip thu c m
gam H2O v (m + 39)g CO2. Hai anken l: A/ C2H4, C3H6 B/ C3H6, C4H8
C/ C4H8, C5H10 D/ C5H10, C6H12 Cu 58: Cho 10,2g hn hp A gm CH4 v
hai anken ng ng k tip li qua dung dch Br2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 7g,
ng thi th tch ca hn hp gim i mt na. CTPT v phn trm th tch ca anken
c khi lng mol ln hn trong hn hp A l (cc th tch o ktc): A/ C2H4,
C3H6 (50%) B/ C3H6, C4H8 (75%) C/ C4H8, C5H10 (25%) D/ C2H4, C3H6
(25%) Cu 59: Hn hp A gm propin v mt ankin (X) ly theo t l mol 1:1.
Cho 0,3mol hn hp A tc dng va vi 0,45 mol AgNO3/NH3. X c tn l: A/
butin-1 B/ axetilen C/ pentin-1 D/ 3-metylbutin-1. Cu 60: Hn hp X
gm 0,5 mol C2H4 v 0,7 mol H2. Nung nng hn hp X mt thi gian vi bt Ni
c hn hp Y. t chy hon ton hn hp Y, s mol H2O thu c l: A/ 0,17 mol B/
1,2 mol C/ 1,7 mol D/ 3,4 mol Cu 61: Hirat ha 5,6 lt C2H2 (ktc) vi
hiu sut 80% th khi lng sn phm to thnh l: A/ 8,8 g B/ 4,4 g C/ 6,6 g
D/ 7,7 g Cu 62: Cho canxicacbua k thut cha 80% CaC2 vo nc d th c
8,96 lt kh (ktc). Lng canxicacbua k thut dng l: A/ 32 gam B/ 64 gam
C/ 48 gam D/ 68 gam Cu 63: Crackinh 560 lt C4H10 (ktc) xy ra cc phn
ng: C4H10 C2H6 + C2H4 C4H10 CH4 + C3H6 C4H10 H2 + C4H8 Ta thu c hn
hp kh X c th tch 1010 lt (ktc). Th tch C4H10 cha b crackinh l: A/
55 lt B/ 60 lt C/ 80 lt D/ 110 lt Cu 64: t chy ht hn hp hai olefin
thu c (m+4)g H2O v (m+30)g CO2. Gi tr ca m l: A/ 14 gam B/ 21 gam
C/ 28 gam D/ 35 gam Cu 65: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hirocacbon mch h A
cho 0,5 mol CO2. Mt khc, 0,1 mol A tc dng va vi 0,2 mol Br2 trong
dung dch. CTPT ca A l: A/ C5H8 B/ C5H10 C/ C5H4 D/ C5H6 Cu 66: T
khi hi ca hn hp X gm metan v etan i vi khng kh l 0,6. Khi t chy ht
1 mol X, th tch CO2 (ktc) thu c l: A/ 8,72 lt B/ 24,64 lt C/ 22,4
lt D/ 44,8 lt Cu 67: Cng thc tng qut ca hirocacbon c dng CnH2n+2-2a
(vi n l s ni pi hoc s vng). i vi hp cht 2-metylbuta-1,3-dien. Tr s
n va a l: A/ n = 2, a = 3 B/ n = 4, a = 2 C/ n = 5, a = 2 D/ n = 5,
a = 3. Cu 68: Chia hn hp ankin thnh hai phn bng nhau. t chy hon ton
phn mt thu c 1,76g CO2 v 0,54g H2O. Phn hai cho tc dng vi dung dch
Br2 d, lng Br2 tham gia phn ng l: A/ 1,6 gam B/ 3,2 gam C/ 6,4 gam
D/ 12,8 gam. Cu 69: Mt ankan A c 12 nguyn t hiro trong phn t, khi A
tc dng vi clo c chiu sng ch thu c mt dn xut monoclo. Tn ca A l: A/
iso-butan B/ iso-pentan C/ neo-hexan D/ neo-pentan Cu 70: Hn hp X
gm 0,1 mol propin v 0,2 mol H2 qua bt Ni t nng c hn hp Y. t chy hon
ton Y, lng H2O thu c l: A/ 9 gam B/ 18 gam C/ 27 gam D/ 7,2g. Cu
71: Chia hn hp 2 anken thnh hai phn bng nhau. t chy phn mt trong
khng kh thu c 6,3 gam H2O. Phn hai cng H2 c hn hp A. Nu t chy hon
ton phn hai th th tch CO2 (ktc) to ra l (cc phn ng xy ra hon ton):
A/ 3,36 lt B/ 7,84 lt C/ 6,72 lt D/ 3,92 lt. Cu 72: Cho 13,44 lt kh
C2H2 (ktc) qua ng ng than nung nng 6000C thu c 12,48 gam bezen. Hiu
sut phn ng l: A/ 75% B/ 80% C/ 85% D/ 90% Cu 73: 1 mol hirocacbon A
chy ht cho khng n 3 mol CO2. Mt khc 0,1 mol A lm mt mu ti a 16 gam
brom. Vy A l: A/ ankin B/ anken C/ C2H4 D/ C3H6 ThS.inh Vn Long T:
01234251579 4
Luyn thi i hc Ho hu c
Chuyn hidrocacbon
Cu 74: t chy mt hn hp hirocacbon, thu c 2,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v
2,7gam H2O. Th tch O2 (ktc) tham gia phn ng chy l: A/ 2,48 lt B/
4,53 lt C/ 3,92 lt D/ 5,12 lt Cu 75: t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X
ri cho sn phm hp th vo bnh ng dd Ba(OH)2 d thy to ra 29,55 g kt ta
v khi lng dung dch trong bnh gim i 19,35 gam. CTPT ca X l: A/ C2H2
B/ C2H6 C/ C3H8 D. C4H10. Cu 76: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hirocacbon A
ri dn ton b sn phm chy vo 150 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M thy to thnh
10g kt ta. Vy A l: A/ CH4 B/ CH4 hoc C2H6 C/ C2H4 hoc C2H2 D/ CH4,
C2H2, C2H4, C2H6. Cu 77: A, B, C l ba hirocacbon c cng s nguyn t
cacbon trong phn t v phn t lng ca chng lp thnh cp s cng. t chy ring
C thu c 4,4g CO2 v 2,7g H2O. Vy A, B, C ln lt l: A/ C2H2, C2H4,
C2H6 B/ C3H4, C3H6, C3H8 C/ C4H4, C4H8, C4H6 D/ C5H8, C5H10, C5H12.
Cu 78: un nng V lit (ktc) hn hp C2H4 v H2 vi Ni xc tc. Hp th sn phm
bng bnh ng nc brom d thy khi lng bnh tng 2,8 gam v cn li 2,24 lt kh
(ktc) khng b hp th. Gi s phn ng hon ton, tr s ca V l: A/ 4,48 lt B/
6,72 lt C/ 8,96 lt D/ 2,24 lt. Cu 79: Hn hp X gm hiro, etan,
axetilen. Cho 6 lt X vo bnh cha Ni nung nng thu c 3 lt kh duy nht
(cc kh o cng iu kin). Phn trm th tch cc kh trong X theo th t: A/
40, 30, 30 B/ 50, 25, 25 C/ 30, 30, 40 D/ 40, 40, 20. Cu 80: iu kin
thng axetilen c kh nng tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4 chuyn thnh: A/
etilen glicol B/ axit oxalic C/ kali oxalat D/ CO2 v H2O. Cu 81:
Trong phn ng oxi ha kh sau: CH3-CH=CH2 + KMnO4 + H2O CH3-CHOH-CH2OH
+ MnO2 + KOH T l hp thc cc cht theo th t t tri sang phi ln lt l: A/
2, 3, 4, 3, 2, 2 B/ 3, 2, 4, 3, 2, 2 C/ 3, 3, 4, 3, 2, 2 D/ 3, 2,
2, 3, 3, 4. Cu 82: Trong phn ng oxi ha kh sau: CnH2n + KMnO4 + H2O
CnH2n(OH)2 + MnO2 + KOH Khi phn ng t cn bng, tng h s cc cht trong
phn ng: A/ 16 B/ 18 C/ 17 D/ 19 Cu 83: Tin hnh trng hp 41,6gam
stiren vi nhit xc tc thch hp. Hn hp sau phn ng tc dng va vi dung
dch cha 16gam brom. Khi lng polime thu c: A/ 15,6gam B/ 20,8gam C/
31,2gam D/ 36,4gam Cu 84: Cho m gam mt anken X tc dng va vi 20m/7
gam brom trong dd nc. Vy X l: A/ C2H4 B/ C3H6 C/ C4H8 D/ khng xc nh
c. Cu 85: T s th tch gia CH4 v O2 l bao nhiu hn hp hai kh n mnh
nht? A/ 1 : 1 B/ 1 : 2 C/ 1 : 3 D/ 2 : 1. Cu 86: Dn xut th monoclo
ca hirocacbon X c 46,4% clo v khi lng. CTPT ca X l: A/ C2H6 B/ C2H4
C/ C3H6 D/ C4H10 Cu 87: t chy hon ton hirocacbon A thu c
VCO2:VH2O=2,5 (o cng iu kin). Bit MA
