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Udruženje banaka Srbije postalo je 17. septembra ove godine Procesor direktnih zaduženja računa i jedino

je Udruženje banaka u Evropi koji je nosilac ovog posla. Trenutno, trećina banaka u Srbiji su učesnici sistema direktnih zaduženja uz mogućnost da i druge zainteresovane banke pristupe ovom sistemu.

Interesantno je istaći da je Udruženje banaka Srbije moralo da pređe dug put od ideje do realizacije ovog posla. Bilo je potrebno pet godina upornosti, rada i istraživanja da bi konačno ovaj posao mogao da startuje.

Odlukom o obavljanju poslova platnog prometa po osnovu direktnih zaduženja računa, objavljenom krajem marta 2007. godine, omogućeno je da Udruženje banaka Srbije, kao procesor, obavlja ove poslove. Nakon saglasnosti Upravnog odbora UBS da je Udruženje u potpunosti osposobljeno da kao procesor obavlja poslove kliringa i obračuna transakcija, Operativna pravila su dostavljenja Narodnoj banci Srbije. Nakon toga, NBS januara 2008. godine daje saglasnost Udruženju banaka da može da primeni Operativna pravila za obavljanje platnog prometa po osnovu direktnog zaduženja. U međuvremenu, Narodna banaka je u saradnji sa relevantnim državnim organima došla do zaključka da je potrebno projekat direktnih zaduženja računa popeti na nacionalni nivo. Zbog toga je februara 2009. godine formirana Radna grupa za definisanje ovlašćenja i Operativnih pravila za fizička lica

Prof. dr Veroljub Dugalić

Generalni sekretar Udruženje banaka Srbijeubs@ubs-asb.com

uvodnik

DIRECT DEBIT - OD

IDEJE DO REALIZACIJE

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Prof Veroljub Dugalić PhD

Secretary GeneralAssociation of Serbian Banks

ubs@ubs-asb.com

editorial

DIRECT DEBIT - FROM IDEA TO REALIZATION

On 17 September 2012 the Association of Serbian Banks became the Direct Debit Processor, as the only association of

banks in Europe to be the bearer of such an operation. At the moment, one third of the banks in Serbia take part in the direct debit system, with the possibility for other interested banks to access this system, too.

It is interesting to underline that the Association of Serbian Banks has had to pass the long way from an idea to the actual realization of this operation. It took five years of persistence, hard work and research for this operation to be finally launched.

According to the NBS Decision on Conducting Direct Debit-Based Payment Transactions, adopted in late March 2007, it was enabled for the Association of Serbian Banks, as the processor, to conduct the concerned operations. Upon the consent and appraisal of the ASB Board of Directors stating that the Association if fully equipped to conduct the clearing and settlement transactions in the capacity of a processor, the relevant Operating Rules were submitted to the National Bank of Serbia. After that, in January 2008 the National Bank of Serbia gave its consent to the Association of Serbian Banks to start implementing the Operating Rules for conducting direct debit-based payment transactions. In the meantime, the National Bank of Serbia in cooperation with the relevant state bodies reached the conclusion that the direct debit project needs to be raised to

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u skladu sa propisima, kao i SEPA standardima. Radnu grupu činili su predstavnici NBS, Banca Intesa, Komercijalne banke i Udruženja banaka Srbije. Zahvaljujući njihovom radu nastala je Nacionalna šema za Direct debit. Kao rezultat svih ovih višegodišnjih napora Narodna banka je Odlukom o obavljanju kliringa i obračuna direktnih zaduženja po osnovu ovlašćenja juna 2010. godine stavila van snage staru Odluku iz 2007. godine. Istom prilikom NBS je donela i Odluku o opštim pravilima za obavljanje direktnih zaduženja po osnovu ovlašćenja. Ove dve odluke velikim delom su bazirane na iskustvima i radu Radne grupe koja je od februara 2008. do juna 2009. godine radila na nacrtu Nacionalne šeme sistema direktnih zaduženja.

Međutim, kako su Operativna pravila UBS na koje je Narodna banka Srbije dala saglasnost januara 2008. godine bila usklađena sa starom Odlukom ona su morala da se revidiraju i ponovo usklade sa novom Odlukom NBS kojom su propisani uslovi koje pravno lice mora da ispuni kako bi postalo Procesor. Usledio je novi zahtev Udruženja banaka Srbije sa paketom potrebnih dokumenata, na koji je Narodna banka Srbije dala pozitivan odgovor maja 2010. godine. Od tada pa do danas obavljene su sve pripreme i u septembru ove godine Udruženje banaka je krenulo sa novim poslom.

UBS sistem direktnih zaduženja predstavlja efikasan, automatizovan sistem za naplatu potraživanja namenjen, pre svega, kompanijama koje redovno, na mesečnom nivou, izdaju veliki broj računa (telekomunikacione kompanije, elektrodistribucije, preduzeća za javno-komunalne usluge i dr.) kao i finansijskim institucijama koje svoje proizvode plasiraju na mesečnim ili periodičnim uplatama i zaduženjima tekućih računa (kao što su krediti i kreditine kartice, polise osiguranja, doprinosi dobrovoljnim penzijskim fondovima i dr.).

Ovaj sistem zasniva se na: elektronskom izvršavanju transakcija, automatizaciji poslovnih procesa i procedura i primeni standardizovanih poruka definisanih na osnovu primenjene dobre prakse iz zemalja Evropske unije, odnosno tehnologije i pravila SEPA okruženja. Uspostavljanje ovakvog sistema izvršavanja transakcija direktnih zaduženja ima za cilj da svim učesnicima u UBS sistemu

obezbedi: ekonomičnost, kvalitetnu uslugu, smanjenje manuelnih aktivnosti i sigurnost.

Ekonomičnost transakcija realizuje se kroz snižavanje troškove transakcija plaćanja u odnosu na druge konvencionalne instrumente plaćanja. Kvalitetna tehnička usluga omogućena je kroz automatizaciju procesa naplate i procesinga naplate, što sve zajedno dovodi do bržeg izvršavanja transakcija plaćanja. Smanjenje broja manuelnih aktivnosti posebno je uočljivo u domenu rasknjižavanja uplata. Sigurnost transakcija sprovodi se kroz izgradnju poverenja među svim učesnicima u ovom sistemu plaćanja, što predstavlja nužnu pretpostavku za prihvatanje direktnih

UBS - sistem direktnih zaduženja

UBS sistem direktnih zaduženja dobio je ime „Platimatik“. Zasniva se na modelu u kome dužnik - fizičko lice daje ovlašćenje poveriocu - pravnom licu (izdavaoci velikog broja računa, osiguravajuće i lizing kompanije, društva za upravljanje dobrovoljnim penzijskim fondom, banke, itd.) da u skladu sa uslovima iz Ovlašćenja može da izvrši naplatu sredstava sa računa dužnika. Za realizaciju UBS direktnih zaduženja neophodno je da dužnik i poverilac imaju račune otvorene kod članova UBS sistema direktnih zaduženja (banke ili Uprava za trezor). Odnos između dužnika i poverioca u pogledu načina i uslova izmirivanja obaveza kroz UBS sistem direktnih zaduženja definiše se kroz UBS Ovlašćenja. Ugovorni odnos između poverioca i dužnika na osnovu kojeg se izdaje ovlašćenje u skladu je sa poslovnom politikom date kompanije. Sva sporna potraživanja kao i prava proistekla iz ugovornog odnosa poverilac rešava neposredno sa svojim klijentom-dužnikom. Sve transakcije u UBS sistemu direktnih zaduženja izvršavaju se elektronskim putem i to u dinarima. Transakcije direktnih zaduženja kao i transakcije refundacije sredstava realizuju se kroz međubankarski obračun - kliring ili kroz interne transfere na dnevnom nivou.

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the national level. Therefore, in February 2009 a Working Group was formed with the task of defining the mandates and Operating Rules for Individuals, in line with the regulations and the SEPA standards. The Working Group gathered the representatives of the NBS, Banca Intesa, Komercijalna banka and Association of Serbian Banks. Thanks to their hard work, the National Direct Debit Scheme was created. As a result of all these long-lasting efforts, by issuing the Decision on Conducting Mandate-Based Direct Debit Clearing and Settlement in June 2010, the National Bank annulled the previous Decision from 2007. On the same occasion, the NBS adopted the Decision on General Rules

for Conducting Mandate-Based Direct Debit. These two decisions are largely based on the experiences and efforts of the Working Group which was engaged on preparing the Draft National Direct Debit Scheme from February 2008 until June 2009.

However, given that the ASB Operating Rules approved by the National Bank of Serbia in January 2008 were harmonized with the old Decision, they had to be revised and re-adjusted with the new NBS Decision, prescribing the preconditions to be met by a legal entity in order to become a Processor. This was followed by another request of the Association of Serbian Banks, supported by the necessary documents, to which the National Bank of Serbia provided its positive reply in May 2010. Since then until the present day all the necessary preparations have been completed, and in September 2012 the Association of Banks launched the new operation.

The ASB Direct Debit System is an efficient, automated system of collecting receivables, targeted mostly at the companies which regularly, on a monthly basis, issue a large number of bills (telecommunications companies, electricity distribution companies, public utilities companies, etc.), and at the financial institutions which place their products on the basis of monthly or periodical payments and current account debits (such as loans and credit cards, insurance premiums, contributions to voluntary pension funds, etc.).

This system is based on: electronic processing of transactions, automation of business processes and procedures, and implementation of standardized messages defined on the basis of implemented good practice from the EU countries, i.e. technology and rules from the SEPA environment. The establishment of such a system of conducting direct debit transactions is aimed at providing all the participants in the ASB system with the following: economical functioning, high-quality service, reduction of manual activities and safety.

Transactions are being more economical due to the reduced costs of payment transactions compared to the other conventional payment instruments. High-quality technical support is provided through the automation of the payment process and payment processing,

ASB - Direct Debit System

The ASB Direct Debit System has been named “Paymatic” (“Platimatik”). It is based on a model in which a debtor - an individual client, gives an authorization (mandate) to the creditor - a legal entity (issuers of a large number of accounts, insurance and leasing companies, agencies for managing voluntary pension funds, banks, etc.), to effect the collection of funds from the debtor’s account, pursuant to the terms defined in the Mandate. In order for the ASB direct debit to be realized, it is necessary for both the debtor and the creditor to have open accounts with the members of the ASB direct debit system (a bank or the Treasury). The relationship between the debtor and the creditor when it comes to the manner and terms of settling liabilities through the ASB direct debit system has been defined by means of the ASB Mandates. The contractual relationship between the creditor and the debtor on the basis of which the mandate is to be issues has to be in line with the business policy of the concerned company. All disputable receivables, along with the rights arising from the contractual relationship, are to be settled directly between the creditor and the concerned client - debtor. All transactions at the ASB direct debit system are conducted electronically, in the Serbian dinars. Direct debit transactions, as well as refunds, are effected through interbank clearing and settlement, or through internal transfers on a daily basis.

zaduženja kao instrumenta plaćanja.Dosadašnja praksa u platnim sistemima

oslanjala se na plaćanja putem trajnog naloga. Dužnik daje ovlašćenje svojoj banci da u njegovo ime i za njegov račun izvrši plaćanje određenog računa. Da bi svakom korisniku obezbedili mogućnost plaćanja putem trajnih naloga, neophodno je da poverioci sklope mnoštvo bilateralnih sporazuma sa svakom pojedinačnom bankom na tržištu, što prouzrokuje različitu i ograničenu mogućnost u pružanju usluga trajnih naloga od poslovnih banaka. Pružanje usluga trajnih naloga nije standardizovan proces već zavisi od organizacionih i tehničko-tehnoloških potencijala svake banke pojedinačno. Trajni nalozi se izvršavaju kao pojedinačni nalozi za plaćanje zbog čega predstavljaju troškovno skuplji instrument plaćanja.

Za razliku od ovakvog načina rada u sistemu direktnih zaduženja dužnik daje ovlašćenje poveriocu da, u skladu sa uslovima iz Ovlašćenja, može da izvrši naplatu sredstava sa njegovog računa. Poverilac preko jedne banke izvršava sve transakcije direktnih zaduženja. One se realizuju kroz primenu standardizovanih poruka u razmeni podataka čime se, sem snižavanja operativnih troškova realizacije transakcija plaćanja smanjuje i broj grešaka u ispostavljanju naloga za plaćanje, eliminišu manuelne intervencije za ispravljanje i povećava izvesnost njihove realizacije. Zaduženje računa

dužnika obavlja se u iznosu koji je naznačen u samom računu koji je dužnik dobio od poverioca.

Na osnovu toga očigledne su prednosti sistema direktnih zaduženja za poverioca. Najznačajnije su sledeće: omogućava snižavanje troškova poslovanja i transakcija i bolju kontrolu priliva novčanih sredstava, povećava se brzina konverzije potraživanja u gotovinu, obezbeđuje se optimizacija gotovinskog toka i uspostavlja efikasniji sistem upravljanja gotovinom, eliminišu se greške u izvršavanju naloga za plaćanje i uspostavlja automatsko rasknjižavanje primljenih uplata.

Nadamo se da će posle toliko godina pripreme UBS sistem direktnih zaduženja veoma brzo pokazati svoje kvalitete. Njegov budući uspeh zavisiće ne samo od procesora - Udruženja banaka Srbije već i od ostalih učesnika kao što su: dužnik - fizičko lice (korisnik usluga), poverilac - pravno lice (koje je pristupilo UBS sistemu direktnih zaduženja i ispostavlja nalog za naplatu sredstava sa računa dužnika), banka poverioca - banka sa kojom je poverilac sklopio Ugovor o pružanju usluga direktnih zaduženja i banka dužnika - banka u kojoj se vodi račun dužnika.

Glavni i odgovorni urednik dr Veroljub Dugalić

which all together results in a quicker completion of payment transactions. A reduced number of manual activities is particularly noticeable when it comes to the deletion of payment entries from the books. The safety of transactions is achieved through the building of trust among all participants in this payment system, which is the necessary assumption for accepting direct debit system as a payment instrument.

The practice in payment systems has so far relied on payments by standing orders. A debtor gives an authorization to his bank to effect a payment of a certain bill in his name and at his expense. In order to proved each user with the possibility to pay their bills by means of standing orders, the creditors must conclude many bilateral agreements with each individual bank in the market, which causes the various and limited possibilities for providing the standing order service by commercial banks. Provision of the standing order service is not a standardized process. Instead, it depends on the organizational and technical and technological potential of each individual bank. Standing orders are effected as individual payment orders, which makes them a more expensive payment instrument.

As opposed to this way of payment, in the direct debit system a debtor gives an authorization (mandate) to the creditor to effect the collection of funds from his account, pursuant to the terms defined in the Mandate. The creditor effects all direct debit transactions via one bank. They are realized by means of standardized messages for data exchange which, in addition to the reduction of operational costs of payment transactions, implies a reduced

number of errors in submitting payment orders, the elimination of manual interventions for the purpose of their correction, and increased certainty of their realization. The debtor’s account is debited in the amount stated at the bill that the debtor received from the creditor.

Based on the above, the advantages that the direct debit system brings to the creditor are more than obvious. The most important ones are the following: it enables the reduction of operational and transaction costs, and the increased control of cash inflows; accelerates the conversion of receivables into cash; provides the optimization of cash flows and establishes a more efficient system of cash management, at the same time eliminating the errors occurring in payment orders processing and establishing the automatic deletion of bookkeeping entries of received payments.

We sincerely hope that after all these years of preparations undertaken by the ASB the direct debit system will soon demonstrate its qualities. Its future success will depend not only on the processor itself - i.e. the Association of Serbian Banks, but also on the other participants, such as: debtor - an individual client (service user), creditor - a legal entity (which accessed the ASB direct debit system and which delivers the order for collection of funds from the debtor’s account), creditor’s bank - a bank with which the creditor signed an Agreement on provision of direct debit services, and debtor’s bank - a bank in which the debtor’s account has been held.

Editor in ChiefVeroljub Dugalić PhD