UML 统一建模语言

19951997,199515 UML ( Unified Modeling Language),10UML

6.1 UML UMLUnified Modeling LanguageBooch, OMT, OOSE ,(General) UML UMLBusiness Modeling,

2. UML:

199410Jim RumbaughGrady BoochOMTBooch1995Unified Method0.8Ivar Jacobson(User case),19960.919971UML1.0OMG(Object Management Group)UMLIBM,Mircrosoft,HP.19971176.1.1 UML

6.1.2 UML UMLUMLUML(1) UML UML(meta-model)UML,,UML UML(2) UMLUML, ,UML

UML: (views), (Diagrams), (Model elements) (general mechanism)UML

UML,viewDiagramsGraph,(views)

Use case ViewImplementation View Design View ()()Process View Deployment View UML

UML9(Use case diagram) ,(Static diagram),(Behavior diagram) (Interactive diagram), ( Implementation diagram ) (Diagrams)

(general mechanism) (Extensibility mechanisms) (Stereotype)(Tagged value)(Constraint).UML(Model elements)

(1) UMLBoochOMTOOSEOMG(2) UML, (3) UML(4) UML6.1.3 UML

6.2 UMLUML1. UML2. , > UML40>

connect(link) associationgeneralization(dependency)(aggregation)

associationlink)6.2.2 (binary)(ternary)(higher order)a b

5.2.3 (multiplicity) 0..1 1 0..** 1..* 1 1,3,7 1371 {ordered} ()(navigation)

(qualified association) ,

6.2.4 UMLconstraint {constraint},

1. complete: 2. disjoint: 3. incomplete: 4. overlapping:

xor 1.implicit:, 2.ordered: 3.changeable:(Link) 4.addonly: 5.frozen:, 6.xor:

AB A B6.2.6 (varieties)

(varieties) (abstraction) (binding) (combination) (permission) (usage)() (trace) (access) (call)

(derive) (friend) (import) (instantiation) (parameter) (realize) (refine) (send)

ABBABA,6.2.7 6.2.8 UML

6.3 1992JacobsonUse case Use caseOOSEIT UML!!

6.3.2 (Use case model) (Actor) ,, UML UML,

(Actor),, 1()?23456)1

12//341

6.3.31 Use case 1. 2. 3.

1. () 2. 3. Use case ,Use case

(,)

1 PRMS Use CaseUse Case

1 PRMS

1. 2. 3. 4. 2

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

1. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6),,(2)

1. : a b c d 2. : e f g h

3. i4. j k l m 5. n o

1.2. 3.4. : ()3,1,2. 12-30/

,UMLUML,,UML (Use case diagram) (Class diagram) (Object diagram ) (Package diagram) (Component diagram) (Deployment diagram)6.4

6.4.1 UML(Class Diagram)(Object Diagram) (Class diagram) Char,Boolean,Double,Float, Integer, Object,Short,String (instance),

(1)(attribute) visibility attribute-name : type = initial-value {property-string} (visibility) public+ private- protected#

(2) visibility operating-name(parameter-list): return-type {property- string} {} Parameter-name :type =default-value

1. 2. 3. 4.

3. ;????

UML(association) ,(aggregation) ,(generalization) , (depending) (refinement) ,1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 6.4.2 UML

7 (Recursive association)

(aggregation) -1(shared aggregation) 1(composition aggregation) (01)

{abstract} (overlapping)(disjoint) {complete} {incomplete}.

ATM(Auto Trade Machine)ATM

1. 2. 3.

1. 2. 3. 4. 2

(1) () ()(),

(Refinement),,;,;,

1. (Conceptual)2. (Specification),3. (Implementation),

6.4.3 . , subsystem 1.(Package)

UML(private)(public)(protected)

:AWTJavaGUI

6.59.5

(state diagram) (activity diagram) (sequence diagram) (collaboration diagram) 9.54

UML(simple)(synchronous)(asynchronous)

(State Diagram),,:6.5.1 ,:

([])/ 3 entry exit do

login login loginlogin time=curent timeentry/type logindo/get use namedo/get passwordhelp/display helpexit/login(use_name.password)

UML41.2. (signal) 3..

6.5.2 (Sequence Diagram),

ABCDE{B-A

(destroying)

(Activity Diagram),(),, , ()6.5.3

. aPrinter:PrinterPrint(file)Print(file)PSCustomerWindow.PrintAllCustomers()

(Collaboration Diagram),(Link),,6.5.4

,{new},,{destroy}1. {new}{destroy}

2. (Link),(Composition Link)(Aggregation Link)(Qualified Link)(Navigation Link),global()local()parameter()self()

. = ,1.11.21.3 1.1.1a1.1.1b

6.6 (Component diagram) (Deployment diagram) .

component,, 1)(Source Component) WEB 2)(Binary Component) 3)(Executable Component) ;6.6.1

6.6.1 1. 2. 3.

(Development time Dependency) (Call Dependency)

6.6.2

:,

6.7 RUP RUPRational Unified ProcessRational SoftwareJAVA J2EE RUP

6.7.1 UMLRUPUMLUML

UML. , 2. ,UML 3. UML4.

UML :RUPOPEN ProcessXPExtreme Programming OOSP(Object_Oriented Software Process). UMLRUPUMLRUP

6.7.2 RUP RUPUML Develop Iteratively Develop Iteratively Manage Requirements (Use Component Architectures) Use Component Architectures Continuously Verify Quality Manage Change :

6.7.3 RUP

RUPRUP 1. (Inception) (evaluation) (construction) (Transition) 2. RUPRUP9(Core Workflows)

(Business Modeling) (Requirements) (Analysis & Design) (Implementation) (Test) (Deployment) (Configuration & Change Management) (Project Management) (Environment)(Core Process Workflows) (Core Supporting Workflows)RUP

RUP RUP

MileStone RUP

. . . . 2

1. Define Meeting Alter Meeting Remove Meeting . Request Meeting Instance Chang Request Cancel Request Add Attendee Release Room . Request Meeting Instance Modify Request Cancel Request

4. Add Attendee Cancel Request Request Meeting Instance Modify Request 5. Meeting Room Maintenance Set Reservation Tome Limit

Use caseUse case

1Define Meeting Alter Meeting Alter Meeting

Use caseUse case

1. Meeting2. MeetingInstance, Meeting3. MeetingRoom,4. MeetingAdministration5. Attendee6. GroupAttende7. AddressE-mail8. PostOffic9. AttendeeManagement10. ReservationCriteria11. Information

1. Meeting 2. MeetingInstanceMeetingInstanceMeeting Meeting MeetingInstance

3. MeetingRoom 4. Attendee Attendee

5. GroupAttendee 6. Address Address

7. PostOffice 8. Information PostOfficePostOfficeXXXXX 2006420XXX

XXX 2006.3.28

9. AttendeeManagement IformationAttendeeManagement

Iformation 10. ReservationCriteria() MeetingInstanee MeetingInstaneeReservationCriteria

11. MeetingAdministration IformationDefineMeetingAlterMeeting RemoveMeeting MeetingMeetingAdministration

ReservationCriteriaMeetingInstance InformationMeetingRoom1..*1..*1..*PostOffice

GroupAttendee

AttendeeManagement

Address

PostAddress

EmailAddress

Attendee

1..*0..*1..*0..*110..*0..*0..*111

()

MeetingAdministrtiona

Meeting

MeetingAdministrtionaDefineMeeting(meeting)[IsMeetingExisted=.T.]3:Fail(MeetingExisted)2:{new(meeting)}

()

MeetingAdministrtiona

MeetingInstance

MeetingAdministrator1RemoveMeeting (MeetingName)[IsAllMeetingInstancesCanceled=.F.]5:Fail(MeetingExisted)2:CancelMeetingInstance()

Meeting

[IsAllMeetingInstancesCanceled=.T.]4:Fail(MeetingExisted)[IsOpen=.F.]3:Cancel()

joing,,etingetingatiora

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UML 统一建模语言