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PRESS RELEASE

Global Response to Climate Change Keeps Door Open to 2 Degree C Temperature Limit

New UN Report Synthesizes National

Climate Plans from 146 Countries in

Advance of Paris

(Berlin, 30 October 2015) – An unprecedented world-wide effort is underway to combat

climate change, building confidence that nations can cost effectively meet their stated

objective of keeping a global temperature rise to under 2 degree C.

A new report today, assessing the collective impact of over 140 national climate action plans,

indicates that together they can dramatically slow global emissions into the atmosphere.

Another key finding is that the aggregate impact of the “Intended Nationally Determined

Contributions (INDCs)” will lead to a fall in per capita emissions over the coming 15 years.

“These INDCs–or national climate action plans–represent a clear and determined

down-payment on a new era of climate ambition from the global community of nations.

Governments from all corners of the Earth have signalled through their INDCs that they are

determined to play their part according to their national circumstances and capabilities,” said

Christiana Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate

Change (UNFCCC).

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“Fully implemented these plans together begin to make a significant dent in the growth of

greenhouse gas emissions: as a floor they provide a foundation upon which ever higher

ambition can be built. I am confident that these INDCs are not the final word in what

countries are ready to do and achieve over time–the journey to a climate safe-future is

underway and the Paris agreement to be inked in Paris can confirm, and catalyze that

transition,” she added.

Today’s report released by the UNFCCC secretariat captures the overall impact of national

climate plans covering 146 countries as of 1 October 2015. This comprises 119 separate

INDCs from 147 Parties to the UNFCCC, including the EU, a single Party representing 28

countries.

Since then, more INDCs have been submitted and submissions are likely to continue.

The 146 plans include all developed nations and three quarters of developing countries

under the UNFCCC, covering 86% of global greenhouse gas emissions – almost four times

the level of the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, the world’s first international

emission reduction treaty that required emissions cuts from industrialized countries.

One of the key findings is that the INDCs will bring global average emissions per capita

down by as much as 8% in 2025 and 9% in by 2030






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“The INDCs have the capability of limiting the forecast temperature rise to around 2.7 degrees

Celsius by 2100, by no means enough but a lot lower than the estimated four, five, or more

degrees of warming projected by many prior to the INDCs,” said Ms. Figueres.

The secretariat report does not directly assess implications for temperature change by

the end of the century under the INDCs because information on emissions beyond 2030

is required.

However other independent analyses have, based on a range of assumptions,

methodologies and data sources, attempted to estimate the impact of the INDCs on

temperature leading to a range of average estimates below, at or above 3 degrees C.

Importantly all deliver more or less similar emission levels in 2025 and 2030 and allconfirm that the INDCs, if fully implemented, are an important advance on previous

scenarios.

“These plans set a determined course, clearly recognizing that successful climate action

achieves not only low emissions but a host of other economic and social benefits for

governments, citizens and business,” said Ms. Figueres.

“Backed by financial support for developing countries, a clear long term destination of climate

neutrality in the second half of the century and a ratcheting up of ambition in a structured,

transparent and timely way, the INDCs provide an inspiring part of what will become the Paris

package,” she said.

INDCs Can Make a Significant Impact on the Emissions

Curve Key Findings in More Detail

∙ The majority of INDCs are national in scope and some include immediate action, underlining

government recognition of the urgency to raise ambition before as well as after 2020, when the new

climate change agreement takes effect.






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∙ The report shows that the INDCs represent a substantial slowdown in emissions growth

achieved in a cost effective way, making it still possible and affordable by 2030 to stay

below a 2 degree temperature rise.

∙ As well as the impact on per capita emissions, the report shows that INDCs are expected

to slow emissions growth by approximately a third for 2010–2030 compared to the period

1990–2010, delivering emission reductions of around 4Gt by 2030 compared to pre-INDC

scenarios.

∙ All industrialized country INDCs and many developing country INDCs are

unconditional. Conditional contributions represent about 25% of the total range of emission

reductions.

∙ All INDCs cover Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and many also cover methane, nitrous oxide and

other potent greenhouse gases.

INDCs Signal Major Economic Transformation

The INDCs present climate policies, programmes and actions across many sectors, such as

decarbonising energy supply, and mainly through massive shifts to renewable energy,energy efficiency improvements, improved land management, urban planning and transport.

∙ They reflect growing government confidence in the global response by tens of

thousands of companies and investors and thousands of mayors and regional governments

who see their own sustainable futures built upon this transformation.

An accompanying report to be published in November from the UNFCCC secretariat –

“Climate Action Now” a Summary for Policymakers – will underline the enormous emission

reduction potential and multiple economic benefits possible from best practise climate policies

across major sectors from energy to transport, from buildings to forests.








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∙ Over half of all INDCs also include a long-term perspective on the transition toward

economic growth based on low-emission, high resilience development. Many foresee near

climate neutrality by 2050, meaning a point where remaining human emissions areabsorbed by natural systems, are stored or used.

Implementation of the INDCs will also underwrite the achievements of the new Sustainable

Development Goals (SDGs). Indeed, fulfilling these INDCs will be a defining factor in the

success of the SDGs which would not survive a future of extreme climate impacts.

∙ Reflecting the need to factor existing climate change into national planning, 100

of the INDCs include measures to reduce vulnerability and build resilience.

Countries with an adaptation component in their INDCS are pursuing efforts through a

number of instruments, including climate change laws and regulations and national or

sector plans and strategies. Sectors of highest concern are water resources, agriculture,

health, ecosystems, and forestry

The INDCs and Paris: Kick-Starting Long-Term Global Action

The new climate change agreement to be agreed in Paris can anchor the INDCs in terms of

recognition, accountability and adequate support that will encourage the extra, required

ambition to emerge.

And because greater action will be required over time, it is important to note that the INDCs do

not indicate any locking in of the level of global emissions in 2030. Many nations will

overachieve on goals set based on what is seen as achievable today.

National contributions can be adjusted upwards over time, especially as mobilization of

climate finance and other forms of multilateral cooperation which are catalysed by the new

Paris agreement will allow governments to go further and faster, even before 2030.








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Brazilian Embassy in London Celebrates

Launch of UN Climate Neutral Now

Initiative

(Bonn, 20 October 2015) – The Brazilian Embassy in London is hosting a special event today

to mark the launch of Climate Neutral Now, the UN-led initiative for increased voluntary

climate action, which took place during New York Climate Week in September.

The London event will discuss how individuals, companies and governments can contribute

to a climate-neutral future by measuring their carbon footprints, reducing emissions where

possible, and offsetting the rest with UN-certified emission reductions (CERs), while at the

same time investing insustainable development projects in developing countries. Keynote speakers will include

representatives from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC), the Brazilian government and the private sector.

Participants at the event will hear inspiring examples, such as the successful experiences of

the Brazilian government in using CERs to offset carbon emissions from major events. A short

film commissioned by the UN climate change secretariat on offsetting the 2014 World Cup’s

carbon footprint will also be screened.

"In big events, the Brazilian Government first used CERs to neutralize carbon emissions fromthe Rio+20 Summit in 2012. In 2014, CERs were again used by Brazil to offset emissions from

the FIFA World Cup," said the Ambassador of Brazil to the UK, Eduardo dos Santos. “This

year, the carbon footprint of ‘Brazil Day 2015,’ which brought over 35,000 to Trafalgar Square

to celebrate the one-year countdown to the Rio 2016 Olympic Games and Paralympics, is

being offset using CERs, as will be the Olympics themselves.”

As well as action by governments, voluntary action by businesses and individuals is needed to

limit global warming to 2 degrees Celsius and to transition to climate neutrality by the second

half of the 21st century.

The launch of Climate Neutral Now is timely, coming a few months before the international

climate change conference in Paris in December, where a new, universal climate change

agreement is to be reached.








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“Climate change affects everyone, so the onus is on each individual to do something about it,”

said John Kilani, Director of the Sustainable Development Mechanisms programme at the

UNFCCC secretariat. “As major contributors of carbon emissions, businesses have an

important role to play, and we welcome

the support already pledged by a number of high profile companies, as well as

numerous small and medium-sized enterprises and business associations.”

“In July, the GSMA announced that the 2015 Mobile World Congress was officially certified as

carbon neutral, reaffirming its position as the world’s largest carbon neutral conference and

exhibition,” said Ivan Ulitzka, Exhibition Operations Manager, GSMA Ltd. “The GSMA has along-standing commitment to preserving the environment and we are continually focused on

making Mobile World Congress, as well as our other events, environmentally sustainable. We

are pleased to support the Climate Neutral Now initiative by the UNFCCC to address climate

change.”

Climate Neutral Now features a new online platform which makes it easy for anyone to buy UN

verified offsets, as well as contacts for businesses and organizations to get advice on how to

go climate neutral.

The offsetting is done through the UN’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), awell-established and internationally recognized market-based mechanism that stimulates both

sustainable development and emission reductions by channeling funding to emission

reduction and avoidance projects in the developing world.

There are currently more than 7,900 CDM projects registered under the CDM in 107

developing countries, ranging from clean cook stoves in Africa to renewable energy in

Nepal and tree planting Brazil.

The Climate Neutral Now initiative will be showcased as part of the special events taking

place on the margins of the Paris climate change conference.

About Climate Neutral Now








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Climate Neutral Now is part of the UNFCCC and is intended to help more individuals and

organizations measure, reduce and offset their climate footprints.

For more information visit:

http://climateneutralnow.org Visit the online platform:

http://store.climateneutralnow.org

For more information, please contact:

David Abbass, Public Information Officer,

UNFCCC at: [email protected], +49 (0)

228-815-1511

Nick Nuttall, Coordinator, Communications and Outreach,

UNFCCC at: [email protected], +49 (0) 228-815-1400

See also: cdm.unfccc.int

Twitter: @UNFCCC, @UN_CarbonMechs

Facebook: facebook.com/UNclimatechange,

facebook.com/UNcarbonmechs UNFCCC Executive Secretary

Christiana Figueres on Twitter: @CFigueres

New UN Initiative to Drive More

Voluntary Action to Combat Climate

Change

Under embargo until 12:30 EST on September

22, 2015.

∙ The UN initiative, Climate Neutral Now, aims to make it easy for everyone to

measure, reduce and offset greenhouse gas emissions through an online platform

∙ Business needs to play its part in meeting this challenge-- the initiative is backed

by companies including Microsoft, Sony, the adidas Group and Marks & Spencer






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∙ Celebrities Edward Norton, Vivienne Westwood and Angelique Kidjo call on

everyone to join Climate Neutral Now

New York, 22 September – The United Nations (UN) is today calling on businesses and

individuals to reduce their climate footprints with the launch of a new initiative, Climate

Neutral Now. The world is currently on track to exceed the two degree average warming limit

needed to avoid catastrophic climate change. As well as action by governments, voluntary

action by business and individuals is needed to

ensure we get on track to avoid the worst of climate change and transition to climate neutrality by the second-half of the 21st century.

The Climate Neutral Now initiative urges individuals, companies and governments to:

1. Measure their climate footprint

2. Reduce their greenhouse gas emissions as much as possible

3. Offset what they cannot reduce using UN-certified emissions reductions

Climate Neutral Now provides a simple UN certified method for acting, as well as ways to support that action through an online portal.

Christiana Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC) said:

“Climate neutrality is a long term vision of the world we want this century and backed by

science. The new universal agreement to be inked in Paris this December at COP21 needs to

be a springboard to that future. It is going to require action today and tomorrow and everyone

needs to get on board-- from governments and corporations to cities, regions and individuals”.

“I've already pledged to personally become Climate Neutral Now and invite you to join me in

measuring, reducing and offsetting your emissions. Over time the need for offsets is going

to decline as energy systems become ever more low carbon, healthy ecosystems like forests expand and we arrive at a climate neutral world in the second half of the century.

Climate change will affect everyone, yet everyone can effect positive change starting today and

beginning now,” she added.

The initiative includes a new online platform that anyone can use which makes it easy to

quickly select from a range of UN verified emissions reductions for offsetting. It also links to

organisations that can provide businesses with climate footprint measurement and

reduction advice and support. All of the

projects providing offsets through the new online platform contribute to sustainable

development in the developing world as well as reducing global emissions.

Actor and Climate Neutral Now supporter Edward Norton said:

"We all need to take personal responsibility to combat the threat of climate change. Join me in

the Climate Neutral Now initiative to reduce the impact of climate change and offset carbon








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emissions. Help protect the ecosystems that sustain biodiversity and save the livelihoods of

billions of people around the world."

Offsetting is a positive way of reducing global emissions while also benefiting the developing

world that complements direct emission reductions. Climate Neutral Now offers Certified

Emission Reductions (CERs) which are drawn from the UN Clean Development

Mechanism (CDM). The offsets generate

revenue for projects

and programmes

, of which the CDM has more than 7,900 in 107

developing

countries.

The verification system that the UN has now put in place ensures that all offsets sold

represent genuine emission reductions. Indeed, recent research conducted by Imperial

College London shows that every tonne of CO2 offset via the CDM not only funds GHG

reductions, but can deliver up to $664 in additional economic, social and environmental

benefits. Through the CDM more than 1.6 billion tons of carbon emissions have been

avoided globally through carbon offsetting, whilst simultaneously benefiting the developing

world.

The role of businesses in tackling climate change has never been more important. As one

of the major contributors of carbon emissions, responsible businesses and organisations

need to measure, reduce and offset their emissions. Already, the UN has seen a number

of high profile businesses including Microsoft, Sony, the adidas Group and Marks &

Spencer’s, pledge their support as well as numerous SMEs and business associations.

Rob Bernard, Chief Environmental Strategist, Microsoft Corporation said:

“Microsoft believes that companies – and particularly information technology companies - have

an important role to play in reducing carbon emissions. In 2012, this belief led our company to

set an ambitious goal to be 100 percent carbon neutral. We have accomplished this by

boosting efficiencies, investing in renewable energy and funding a carbon offset program. We are supporting Climate Neutral Now because we believe in the power of accountability and

have witnessed the transformative nature of carbon offset projects and sustainable community

development, particularly in emerging nations.”

About Climate Neutral Now

Climate Neutral Now is part of the UNFCCC and is intended to help more individuals and

organisations measure, reduce and offset their climate footprints.

For more information visit: http://climateneutralnow.org/

For further information please contact:

David Abbass, Public Information Officer,

UNFCCC at: [email protected], +49 (0)

228-815-1511






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Nick Nuttall, Coordinator, Communications and Outreach,

UNFCCC at: [email protected], +49 (0) 228-815-1400

About the UNFCCC

With 196 parties, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC) has near universal membership and is the parent treaty of the 1997 Kyoto

Protocol.

The Kyoto Protocol has been ratified by 192 of the UNFCCC Parties. For the first

commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, 37 States, consisting of highly industrialized

countries and countries undergoing the process of transition to a market economy, have

legally binding emission limitation and reduction commitments. In Doha in 2012, the

Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol adopted an amendment to `the Kyoto Protocol, which establishes the second commitment

period under the Protocol.

The ultimate objective of both treaties is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the

atmosphere at a level that will prevent dangerous human interference with the climate

system.

About the CDM

The CDM enables emission-reduction projects in developing countries to earn certified

emission reduction (CER) credits, each equivalent to one tonne of CO2. CERs can be traded and sold, and used by industrialized countries to meet a part of their targets under

the Protocol. The CDM assists countries in achieving sustainable development and

emission reductions, while giving industrialized countries some flexibility in how they meet

their emission targets.

PRESS RELEASE

2015 Winners of UN Climate Solutions Awards

Announced








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Projects From Across the Globe to be

Honoured at UN Climate Conference in

Paris

(Bonn, Germany, 27 October 2015) – Sixteen game-changing initiatives from around

the world were announced today as winners of a prestigious United Nations climate

change award.

Winning activities include a seriously cool smartphone that puts social values first and an

initiative that is enabling 40 Latin American cities to take concrete climate action.

Others include a women-led initiative in Benin that uses solar energy to empower womenfarmers and an internal carbon fee that holds the business units of one of the world’s most

famous software and ICT companies financially responsible for reducing their carbon

emissions.

The Momentum for Change initiative is spearheaded by the UN Climate Change secretariat to

shine a light on some of the most innovative, scalable and replicable examples of what people

are doing to address climate change. Today’s announcement is part of wider efforts to mobilize

action and ambition as national governments work toward adopting a new universal climate

agreement in Paris.

“With less than 35 days to go until the climate change conference in Paris, the Momentum for

Change Lighthouse Activities are further compelling proof that climate action is building

worldwide and in countries, communities, companies and cities everywhere,” UNFCCC

Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres said. “By showcasing these remarkable solutions and

the people behind them we can strengthen efforts toward that new agreement, accelerate the

global transition to a low-carbon, highly resilient development path and mark a turning point in

the sustainable management of planet Earth for the seven billion alive today and the ten billion

by 2050.”

Each of the 16 winning activities touches on one of Momentum for Change’s four focus areas:

Urban Poor , Women for Results, Financing for Climate Friendly Investment and ICT

Solutions. All 16 will be showcased at a series of special events during the UN Climate

Change Conference in Paris, France (30 November to 11 December).

The 2015 Momentum for Change Lighthouse Activities are:






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Urban Poor

∙ E-waste: From Toxic to Green | India: Creating jobs to keep e-waste out of landfills

∙ Solvatten Solar Safe Water Heater | Kenya: Reducing emissions while securing access to

safe drinking water

∙ Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative | Latin America & the Caribbean:

Supporting sustainable growth in emerging cities

Women for Results

∙ Fostering Cleaner Production | Colombia: Reducing emissions in manufacturing

∙ Harvesting Geothermal Energy | El Salvador: Generating income with geothermal

waste-heat

∙ Planting Trees to Save the Mangrove | Guinea: Establishing women-led groups that

protect forests and generate income

∙ SELF’s Solar Market Gardens | Benin: Empowering women farmers through solar drip

irrigation

Financing for Climate Friendly Investment

∙ Azuri PayGo Energy | Africa: Innovating pay-as-you-go energy systems for rural homes

∙ Deforestation-free Cocoa | Peru: Using a carbon-asset-backed loan to protect forests and

produce cocoa

∙ Microsoft Global Carbon Fee | Global: Transforming corporate culture by putting a price on

carbon

ICT Solutions

∙ ChargePoint Electric Vehicle Charging Corridors | United States of America:

Building a network of electric vehicle express charging stations

∙ Enabling Farmers to Adapt to Climate Change | Uganda: Using ICT solutions to build

resilience

∙ Fairphone | The Netherlands: Producing a phone that improves lives and the environment

∙ Lifelink Water Solutions

| Kenya and Uganda: Using ICT tools to provide safe,sustainable and affordable water

∙ Mapping Exposure to Sea Level Rise | Tonga, Samoa, Vanuatu and Papua New

Guinea: Preparing for risk with online spatial tools

∙ Mobisol Smart Solar Homes | Rwanda and Tanzania: Powering homes with solar energy






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The 2015 Lighthouse Activities were selected by an international advisory panel as part of the

secretariat’s Momentum for Change initiative, which is implemented with the support of the

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and The Rockefeller Foundation, and operates in partnership

with the World Economic Forum and the Global e-Sustainability Initiative.

“The 2015 Momentum for Change Lighthouse Activities comprise an impressive range of

projects and personal stories that touch on sustainability, climate protection, environmental

consciousness and social responsibility,” said Teresa Ribera Rodriguez, Chair of the

Momentum for Change Advisory Panel. “With a record number of applications – more than

450 – this year, the Advisory Panel had a difficult time selecting the best of the best.”

Please note: A special event with UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres and

some of the 2015 Lighthouse Activity winners takes place today 27 October) from 14:30 to

15:30 GMT), Chandos House, The Duke Room, 2 Queen Anne Street, London, UK.

Digital assets

Photos, fact sheets and infographics are available for

download at:

http://unfccc.thirdlight.com/a.tlx?l=cEE2cZUq


Nick Nuttall, UNFCCC Spokesperson | [email protected]

+49 228 815 1400 or +49 152 0168 4831 (mobile)

Sarah Marchildon, UNFCCC Communications Officer | [email protected] | +49 228 815

1065

Oliver Burch, Senior Sustainability Strategist, OgilvyEarth | [email protected]

+44 (0)207 309 1066 or +44 (0)7880 094 892 (mobile)

Page 2 of 2

For use of the media only






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PRESS RELEASE

Historic Paris

Agreement on Climate

Change

195 Nations Set Path to Keep

Temperature Rise Well Below 2 Degrees

Celsius

Paris, 12 December 2015 – An historic agreement to combat climate change and unleash

actions and investment towards a low carbon, resilient and sustainable future was agreed

by 195 nations in Paris today.

The Paris Agreement for the first time brings all nations into a common cause based on

their historic, current and future responsibilities.

The universal agreement’s main aim is to keep a global temperature rise this century well

below 2 degrees Celsius and to drive efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.

The 1.5 degree Celsius limit is a significantly safer defense line against the worst impacts of a

changing climate.

Additionally, the agreement aims to strengthen the ability to deal with the impacts of climate

change.

To reach these ambitious and important goals, appropriate financial flows will be put in place,

thus making stronger action by developing countries and the most vulnerable possible, in line

with their own national objectives.

“The Paris Agreement allows each delegation and group of countries to go back home with

their heads held high. Our collective effort is worth more than the sum of our individual effort.








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Our responsibility to history is immense” said Laurent Fabius, President of the COP 21 UN

Climate change conference and French Foreign Minister.

The minister, his emotion showing as delegates started to rise to their feet, brought the final

gavel down on the agreement to open and sustained acclamation across the plenary hall.

French President Francois Hollande told the assembled delegates: “You’ve done it, reached an

ambitious agreement, a binding agreement, a universal agreement. Never will I be able to

express more gratitude to a conference. You can be proud to stand before your children and

grandchildren.”

UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said: “We have entered a new era of global cooperation

on one of the most complex issues ever to confront humanity. For the first time, every

country in the world has pledged to curb emissions, strengthen resilience and join in common

cause to take common climate action. This is a resounding success for multilateralism.”

Christiana Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate

Change (UNFCCC), said: “One planet, one chance to get it right and we did it in Paris. We

have made history together. It is an agreement of conviction. It is an agreement of solidarity

with the most vulnerable. It is an agreement of long-term vision, for we have to turn this

agreement into an engine of safe growth.”

“Successive generations will, I am sure, mark the 12 December 2015 as a date when

cooperation, vision, responsibility, a shared humanity and a care for our world took centre

stage,” she said.

“I would like to acknowledge the determination, diplomacy and effort that the Government of

France have injected into this remarkable moment and the governments that have supported

our shared ambition since COP 17 in Durban, South Africa,” she said.

Agreement Captures Essential Elements to Drive Action Forward

The Paris Agreement and the outcomes of the UN climate conference (COP21) cover all

the crucial areas identified as essential for a landmark conclusion:








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∙ Mitigation – reducing emissions fast enough to achieve the temperature goal

∙ A transparency system and global stock-take – accounting for climate action

∙ Adaptation – strengthening ability of countries to deal with climate impacts

∙ Loss and damage – strengthening ability to recover from climate impacts

∙ Support – including finance, for nations to build clean, resilient futures

As well as setting a long-term direction, countries will peak their emissions as soon as

possible and continue to submit national climate action plans that detail their future

objectives to address climate change.

This builds on the momentum of the unprecedented effort which has so far seen 188 countries

contribute climate action plans to the new agreement, which will dramatically slow the pace of

global greenhouse gas emissions.

The new agreement also establishes the principle that future national plans will be no less ambitious than existing ones, which means these 188 climate action plans provide a firm floor

and foundation for higher ambition.

Countries will submit updated climate plans – called nationally determined contributions

(NDCs) – every five years, thereby steadily increasing their ambition in the long-term.

Climate action will also be taken forward in the period before 2020. Countries will continue to

engage in a process on mitigation opportunities and will put added focus on adaptation

opportunities. Additionally, they will work to define a clear roadmap on ratcheting up climate

finance to USD 100 billion by 2020

This is further underlined by the agreement’s robust transparency and accounting system,

which will provide clarity on countries’ implementation efforts, with flexibility for countries’

differing capabilities.

“The Paris Agreement also sends a powerful signal to the many thousands of cities, regions,

businesses and citizens across the world already committed to climate action that their vision

of a low-carbon, resilient future is now the chosen course for humanity this century,” said Ms.

Figueres.

Agreement Strengthens Support to Developing Nations








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The Paris Agreement underwrites adequate support to developing nations and establishes a

global goal to significantly strengthen adaptation to climate change through support and

international cooperation.

The already broad and ambitious efforts of developing countries to build their own clean,

climate- resilient futures will be supported by scaled-up finance from developed countriesand voluntary contributions from other countries.

Governments decided that they will work to define a clear roadmap on ratcheting up climate

finance to USD 100 billion by 2020 while also before 2025 setting a new goal on the provision

of finance from the USD 100 billion floor.

Ms. Figueres said. “We have seen unparalleled announcements of financial support for both

mitigation and adaptation from a multitude of sources both before and during the COP. Under

the Paris Agreement, the provision of finance from multiple sources will clearly be taken to a

new level, which is of critical importance to the most vulnerable.”

International cooperation on climate-safe technologies and building capacity in the developing

world to address climate change are also significantly strengthened under the new

agreement.

Signing the Paris Agreement

Following the adoption of the Paris Agreement by the COP (Conference of the Parties), it

will be deposited at the UN in New York and be opened for one year for signature on 22

April 2016--Mother Earth Day.

The agreement will enter into force after 55 countries that account for at least 55% of global

emissions have deposited their instruments of ratification.

Cities and Provinces to Companies and Investors Aligning

Today’s landmark agreement was reached against the backdrop of a remarkable groundswell

of climate action by cities and regions, business and civil society.

During the week of events under the Lima to Paris Action Agenda (LPAA) at the COP, the

groundswell of action by these stakeholders successfully demonstrated the powerful and

irreversible course of existing climate action.








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Countries at COP 21 recognised the enormous importance of these initiatives, calling for the

continuation and scaling up of these actions which are entered on the UN-hosted NAZCA

portal as an essential part in the rapid implementation of the Paris Agreement.

The LPAA and NAZCA have already captured climate actions and pledges covering:

∙

Over 7,000 cities, including the most vulnerable to climate change, from over 100

countries with a combined population with one and a quarter billion people and around

32% of global GDP.

∙ Sub-national states and regions comprising one fifth of total global land area and

combined GDP of $12.5 trillion.

∙ Over 5,000 companies from more than 90 countries that together represent the

majority of global market capitalisation and over $38 trillion in revenue.

∙ Nearly 500 investors with total assets under management of over $25 trillion

Christiana Figueres said: “The recognition of actions by businesses, investors, cities and

regions is one of the key outcomes of COP 21. Together with the LPAA, the groundswell of

action shows that the world is on an inevitable path toward a properly sustainable,

low-carbon world.”

More Details on the Paris Agreement

∙ All countries will submit adaptation communications, in which they may detail their

adaptation priorities, support needs and plans. Developing countries will receive increased

support for adaptation actions and the adequacy of this support will be assessed.

∙ The existing Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage will be

significantly strengthened.

∙ The agreement includes a robust transparency framework for both action and support.

The framework will provide clarity on countries’ mitigation and adaptation actions, as well as

the provision of support. At the same time, it recognizes that Least Developed Countries and

Small Island Developing States have special circumstances.

∙ The agreement includes a global stocktake starting in 2023 to assess the collective

progress towards the goals of the agreement. The stocktake will be done every five years.

∙ The agreement includes a compliance mechanism, overseen by a committee of

experts that operates in a non-punitive way.

The COP also closed on a number of technical issues.








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∙ Under the Kyoto Protocol, there is now a clear and transparent accounting method for

carry- over credits for the second commitment period, creating a clear set of rules.

∙ The first round of international assessment and review process (IAR) that was launched in

2014 was successfully completed.

∙

A number of technical and implementation issues related to the existing

arrangements on technology, adaptation, action for climate empowerment and capacity building were also successfully concluded.


Nick Nuttall, UNFCCC Spokesperson |

nnuttall(at)unfccc.int UNFCCC Press Office:

press(at)unfccc.int

About the UNFCCC

With 196 Parties, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

has near universal membership and is the parent treaty of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto

Protocol has been ratified by 192 of the UNFCCC Parties. For the first commitment period of

the Kyoto Protocol, 37 States, consisting of highly industrialized countries and countries

undergoing the process of transition to a market economy, have legally binding emission

limitation and reduction commitments. In Doha in 2012, the Conference of the Parties serving

as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol adopted an amendment to the Kyoto

Protocol, which establishes the second commitment period under the Protocol. The ultimate

objective of both treaties is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a

level that will prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system.

Follow UNFCCC on and

See also: http://unfccc.int

Follow UNFCCC on Twitter: @UNFCCC | español: @CMNUCC | francais: @CCNUCC |

Deutsch:@UNKlima

Follow also: @LPAA_live






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UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres on Twitter:

@CFigueres. UNFCCC on Facebook:

facebook.com/UNclimatechange

UNFCCC on Instagram: @UNFCCC

Visualization of social media at COP21: https://climatetalkslive.org/

Embargoed: Not for Publication or Broadcast

Until After 14.30 Central European Time // 13.30

GMT

For use of the media only

PRESS RELEASE

Energy to Land-Use

Report Confirms Crucial Role of Companies and Cities in Catalyzing

New Report Underlines Potential to MakeSignificant and Immediate Greenhouse Gas

Emission Cuts

Report Focuses on ‘Pre-2020’ Potential in Six Key Areas – From Renewable Immediate

Climate Action

(Bonn, 18 November 2015) – A new report packed with best practice climate policies from

across the world reveals a wealth of existing opportunities to immediately scale up

reductions in greenhouse gas emissions while powering up ambition to keep the global

average temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius.








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“Climate Action Now – A Summary for Policymakers 2015 ” underlines how nations can

deploy a wide range of proven policies and utilize existing initiatives to meet the common

challenge of climate change and sustainable development. The report also sits on a new

microsite highlighting the potential for greater climate action and ambition before 2020, when

the new Paris Agreement comes into effect.

It also highlights both national and international cooperative actions while underling the vital

role of non-State actors such as companies, cities, regions and provinces in realizing

bigger reductions in current and future emissions.

The report, released by the secretariat of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC) at the request of governments, provides a straightforward, inspiring go-to-reference

to assist ministers, advisors and policymakers pursuing climate actions now and over the years

and decades to come.

The findings spotlight how effective policies across six key thematic areas not only reduce

emissions rapidly but also advance goals in 15 other critical economic, social and

environmental areas.

The report underlines that the intended national climate action plans which almost 170

countries have already submitted towards the new climate change agreement in Paris, in

December, have an inordinate potential to go further and faster, assisting nations to

over-achieve on their pledges

“Under the UNFCCC, governments have over the past few years led a significant effort

during a series of technical expert meetings to identify and scope out the policies that lead

to effective climate action – this report is the fruit of that effort,” said Christiana Figueres,

Executive Secretary of the UNFCCC.

“It underlines the myriad of remarkable transitions that are already occurring nationally andinternationally in areas ranging from renewable energy to transportation and land use. In

doing so it provides governments and their partners with the blueprints and tool-kits to

cost-effectively catalyze action now and take the Paris agreement to the next level of long

term ambition,” she added.






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“The remarkable reality revealed in this report is that the very policies that deal most

effectively with climate change also offer a ready-made portfolio of actions that can equally

assist the Sustainable Development Goals and achieve everyone’s ultimate aim of a

prosperous, stable and environmentally healthy world for all,” said Ms. Figueres.

Barriers to Greater Ambition

The report pinpoints broadly four areas that are holding back taking climate action to scale.

∙ Carbon Pricing – putting an adequate price on carbon will encourage investment in and

use of low-carbon technologies and fuels

An estimated 40 national and more than 20 subnational jurisdictions have or are planning to

introduce a price on carbon. The report urges more to follow suit.

∙ Inefficient Subsidies – close to $550 billion was spent on direct fossil fuel subsidies in

2013 which in turn works against investments in low carbon fuels and clean energy

The report notes that the G20 and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum have all

pledged to reduce such subsides with several developing countries like Angola, Egypt,

Indonesia and Morocco ‘taking advantage of low oil prices to cut fossil fuel subsidies’.

∙ Finance and Capacity-Building – Developing countries need enhanced support to

access technologies and finance up-front costs.

The report notes that additional investment averaging $1 trillion a year will be needed in

the energy sector until 2050 ‘in order to stay below the 2 degrees C threshold’.

∙ Institutional, Regulatory and Legal Frameworks – the institutions charged with

implementing or overseeing climate action need to be equipped with appropriate resources and

mandates says the report

It calls for governments to ramp up the strategies, regulations and laws including the

engagement of civil society and private sector actors in order to catalyze further national and

non-State actor action.








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∙ The potential for non-state actors to play a significant collaborative role with

governments is being showcased via the Non-State Actor Zone for Climate Action

(NAZCA) portal

The UNFCCC secretariat has just recorded the biggest wave yet of new climate actions by cities, states, regions and businesses. A total 2,245 fresh commitments were recently

entered into the

NAZCA portal http://climateaction.unfccc.int/

, which has collected well over

6,600 separate pledges worldwide … and counting.

∙ Larger cooperative initiatives between governments, the UN, agencies, non-State actors

and civil society will also be brought forward at the UN climate conference in Paris under the

Lima- Paris Action Agenda http://climateaction.unfccc.int/

Climate Policies at Work World-Wide

The report is full of good practice climate policies across six thematic areas: renewable

energy, energy efficiency, transport, land use, carbon capture, use and storage and

controlling non-CO2 greenhouse gases.

Immediate action by all nations has the potential to reduce emissions by 2020 by between 10

Gigatons and 19 Gigatons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

Renewable Energy

Excluding hydropower, renewables accounted for just over nine per cent of global electricity

generation in 2014, up from 1.8 per cent in 2004. This momentum has led to approximately

58 per cent of net additions to global power capacity in 2014 coming from renewables, which

is more than from coal and gas combined.

∙ The Republic of Korea smart grid initiative – “Smart grids” that use digital

technology to manage flows of power more efficiently are vital for integrating a large

volume of distributed, intermittent, low-carbon generation while improving energy

efficiency

∙ African Group Renewable Energy Partnership – to establish a global partnership to

accelerate energy transformation in Africa to wider use of renewables via the deployment of,

for example, feed-in tariffs and other incentives. By 2020 the partnership could enable the

installation of at least 10 GW of renewable energy capacity in Africa






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Energy Efficiency

Scaling up investment in energy efficiency could generate a net increase in global economic

output of$18 trillion by 2035, says the International Energy Agency (IEA).

∙ Denmark – The National Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme offers

cost-neutrality for participants by allowing them to pass costs on to end users and

flexibility to trade credits received

∙ UN–World Bank Sustainable Energy for All – its Global Energy Efficiency

Accelerator Platform could double the rate of energy efficiency improvement by 2030 by

driving action and commitments by national and subnational leaders at all levels, using

integrated policy and investment road maps to guide project implementation

Transport

The UN Environment Programme (UNEP) estimates reductions of emissions from land

transport, aviation and shipping of 1.7–2.5 Gt CO2 equivalent - from one quarter to more

than one third of current emissions from the sector - are possible by 2020.

∙ Mexico – Mexico City has consistently expanded its bus rapid transport system since

2005. One tenth of its users have shifted from private cars

∙ The SLoCaT Partnership on Sustainable Transport – brings together over 90

organizations working on freight and passenger land transport to mobilize global support to

promote sustainable low-carbon transport in developing countries and maximize the role of

transport in poverty eradication and sustainable development

Carbon Capture, Use and Storage

Globally, there are 12 operational carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) projects, witha further 10 under construction. The IEA estimates that if sufficient support is provided and

financing is secured, CCS projects could capture 50 Mt CO2/year by 2020.

Within the power sector, it is estimated the emission reduction

potential for CCS is 0.2–0.4 Gt CO2 equivalent in 2020.








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∙ Norway – A carbon tax, established in 1991, has increased over time, creating an

incentive to store CO2 and resulting in sequestration of 0.9 Mt of CO2 each year

∙ Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum – a ministerial-level initiative to facilitate

development and deployment of cost-effective CCS technologies. Membership is open to

national government entities that are significant producers or users of fossil fuels and

committed to investing in CCS research, development and demonstration

Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases

The US Environmental Protection Agency estimates 2.7 Gt CO2 equivalent of global

non-CO2 GHG emissions could be mitigated by 2020 at a cost below $50/t CO2

equivalent.

Almost one-quarter of these reductions could be made at or below a breakeven cost with a

substantial portion generating an immediate financial return.

∙ European Union - The EU Emissions Trading System helped reduce N2O emissions

from nitric acid plants. N2O emissions in 2013 were 85 per cent lower than in 1990

∙ Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer - an international

treaty to phase out the production of numerous substances responsible for ozone depletion.

Over 98 per cent of consumption of all ozone-depleting substances has now been phased out

since its entry into force in 1989

Meeting in Dubai in early November this year, nations agreed on a pathway to control the

growth of hydroflurocarbons (HFCs) – chemicals that are harmless to the ozone layer but

which have significant climate impacts.

Land Use

The UN estimates that at marginal costs of less than $50–100 per tonne of CO2 equivalent,

the direct emission reduction potential of agriculture lies in the range of 1.1–4.3 Gt CO2equivalent and of forestry in the range of 1.3–4.2 Gt CO2 equivalent in 2020, or as much as

two thirds of current emissions from these sectors.








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∙ China – In order to increase net forest area by 40 million hectares by the end of 2020

compared with 2005, China is combining afforestation, forest protection and sustainable forest

management policies and practices and is also integrating forest carbon into its national

carbon emissions trading system pilot programme

∙ The Tropical Forest Alliance 2020 - a public-private partnership to create zero

deforestation supply chain models in South-East Asia, Central and West Africa and regions of

South America.

It engages with governments, civil society groups active in both producer and

consumer nations, smallholder farmers and indigenous representatives and

multinational corporations

Policies Also Boost Resilience

The report also underlines the critical connection between reducing emissions fast enough

in order to avoid the worst climate change impacts and therefore reduce the scale of future

adaptation required but also to enable many immediate adaptation co-benefits.

Energy efficiency, for example, can improve the ability of communities to adapt to climate

change by reducing the peak demand they put on power systems during high

temperatures or unexpected weather while improving the comfort level of buildings in

uncertain weather.

“This report underlines that many of the specific and cooperative actions needed to reduceemissions also have multiple co-benefits including in the area of adaptation and building

more resilient countries and communities,” said Ms Figueres.

“These include improved agricultural practices, efficient land-use management, forest

management food security, environmental sustainability, and socio-economic development”.

she added

Notes to Editors

A new microsite highlighting the potential for greater climate action and ambition pre-2020

when the new Paris Agreement comes into effect can be found here

http://climateaction2020.unfccc.int/






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The full Climate Action Now report is also hosted on this new microsite


Nick Nuttall, UNFCCC Spokesperson: +49 228 815 1400 (phone), +49 152 0168 4831 (mobile)

nnuttall(at)unfccc.int

UNFCCC Press Office: press(at)unfccc.int

About the UNFCCC

With 196 Parties, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has near universal

membership and is the parent treaty of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol has been ratified by 192 of

the UNFCCC Parties. For the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, 37 States, consisting of highlyindustrialized countries and countries undergoing the process of transition to a market economy, have legally

binding emission limitation and reduction commitments. In Doha in 2012, the Conference of the Parties serving

as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol adopted an amendment to the Kyoto Protocol, which

establishes the second commitment period under the Protocol. The ultimate objective of both treaties is to

stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that will prevent dangerous human

interference with the climate system.

Follow UNFCCC on and

See also: http://unfccc.int

Follow UNFCCC on Twitter: @UNFCCC | español: @CMNUCC | francais: @CCNUCC | Deutsch:

@UNKlima UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres on Twitter: @CFigueres

UNFCCC on Facebook: facebook.com/UNclimatechange

Winners of COP21 Youth Climate Video

Competition AnnouncedVideos Portray Inspiring Climate Action in Nepal and Uganda

Bonn/London, 22 September 2015 - Two young climate activists from Nepal and Uganda who

have told compelling stories of youth engagement to combat climate change have been chosen

as the winners of the 2015 Global Youth Video Competition.






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The winners, Saraswati Upadhaya from Nepal and Charles Batte from Uganda will travel to the

UN Climate Change Conference in Paris at the end of the year and work with the

communications team of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in

covering highlights of the meeting.

The competition was launched by Action for Climate Empowerment (ACE), UNFCCC

secretariat, in partnership with Television for the Environment (tve) and supported by the Global

Environment Facility’s Small Grants Programme, which is run by the UN Development

Programme.

Young people between the ages of 18 and 30 were called upon to participate. Entries were

submitted from young people in 60 different countries, from Kenya to the United States.

UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres said:

I would like to congratulate the winners and thank all the young people who sent in videosshowcasing all the rich and fascinating ways in which they are taking concrete action in their

communities. I am sure this, our first video competition on youth solutions to climate change, will

contribute to growing world-wide momentum for change that is assisting to build confidence

before Paris and will sweep us along beyond the inking of the new agreement into a climate

safe century".

The video “Small Efforts for Big Change” by Saraswati Upadhaya shows the vulnerability of

regions in Nepal that need to deal with the impacts of climate change such as diminishing water

supplies, and how local communities deal with the problem.

The young activist also highlights her efforts to communicate her knowledge of climate changeto children at local schools.

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