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10 twG J 2? trSwf 251 (17-12-2014) Ak' [l ; ?BUSINESS

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OPINION ? twGJ 2? trSwf 251 (17-12-2014) Ak' [l ; 13

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zG J Upnf ;tkyf csKyf ykH tajccH Oya'a&;qG J a&;aumf rwD u ajcmuf vES if h tNyD ;a&;qG J cJ h aom tajccH Oya'Murf ;ud k *sLAvD a[m yPmrjyif qif rI nD vmcH (txuf yk H )uppf aq;í ,m,D qk H ;jzwf vuf cH Muavonf/ xkd nD vmcH BuD ;ud k 1947 ckES pf {NyD v 7 &uf aeY u usif ;yaom a&G ;aumuf yG J rS wif ajr§ muf vkd uf aom zqyvtrwf aygif ;pkH wuf a&muf Muonf/ xkd ,m,D qkH ;jzwf xm;aom tajccH Oya'BuD ;ud kyif ZG ef v 9 &uf aeY wG if pwif usif ;yaom wkd if ;jynf jyKvT wf awmf (atmuf ykH-Akd vf csKyf atmif qef ;acgif ;aqmif aom zqyvtrwf wpf pk AE¨ Kvyef ;jcH ü vl xkpnf ;a0;yG J jyKvk yf NyD ;aemuf wkd if ;jynf jyKvT wf awmf od kY csDwuf MupOf )u pufwif bmv 24 &ufaeY wGif vuf cH twnf jyKonf/

Ak d vf csKyf atmif qef ;wk d Y tzG J U NAd wd oQtpd k;&ES if h aqG ;aEG ;NyD ;íjyef a&muf vmNyD ;aemuf rMumrD yif &if ;ES D;aom vkyfazmf wpf OD ;jzpf onf h zqyv twG if;a&;rSL;a[mif; ocifoef ;xG ef ;acgif; aqmif aom uG ef jrLep fygwDu dk zqyvr S xkwf y,f vkd uf avonf / 1948 ckES pf rwf v 28 &uf aeY wG if uG ef jrLepf wkd Y \tmPmod rf ;&ef jyif aomajcvS rf ;ud k tpd k;&tzG J Uu odonf ES if h wpf Nyd Kif euf zrf ;&ef trd ef Y xkwf vkd uf aomtcg uG efjrLepf rsm;awmcd kMuonf/

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14 twGJ 2? trSwf 251 (17-12-2014)Ak'¨ [l ;?LIFESTYLE

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(EU-Myanmar Task Force)

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wd kuf av,mOf oH k;pif ;u Roll-

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ES if h tzG J U0if rsm;u iSuf taumif a& 67 aumifwdkYudk ab;rJh vT wf ay;Muonf/ ,if ;aemuf trS wfw&pkaygif ; "mwfyH k½d kuf Muonf/ xd kY aemuf wyf rawmfumuG ,fa&;OD ;pD ;csKyfu armif ;ES if ysH oef;cJh aom av,mOf rS L;

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20 twG J 2? trSwf 251 (17-12-2014)Ak'¨ [l ; ?20 HISTORY

20&mpkOa&my&JY tvSnf Utajymif;[m ½IyfaxG;wJ Ur[mrdwfzGJYrIawG? wefjyefr[mrdwfzG JYrIawGuae pwifcJ Uygw,f/MopBwD;,m; tdrfa&SY pHrif;om; z&ef hZfzm'Deef vkyfMuHcH&wmuae yg0gvGefqG JyG JawG ay:xGufcJ Uygw,f/ ppfyG JeJ hywfoufwJ UrD;yG m;awGtjzpfajymif;oGm;cJ UNyD; wpfurÇ mvHk;ud kysHYES HhoG m;cJ Uygw,f/

The Road to World War I

1906-1914

09-02-1906vufeufNydKifyG Jrsm;

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01-08-1914ppfyG Jt&S defjrif Uwufvmjcif;jyif opf [m ½k&S m;&J Uaxmuf cH rI&&S dvmygw,f/ tJ'D aemuf rS mawmh *smreDujyif opfud k ppf aMunmcJ hygw,f/ b,f vf

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odrf;iSuftifyg,m *smref tif yg,m&J U txd rf ;

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28-07-1914ppfaMunmjcif;

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*smreDu½k&S m;udk ppf aMunmvd kufygw,f/

,,

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qmtuf'f0gU'f*a&;? NAdwdefEd kifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;3 Mo*kwf 1914

10-08-1913atmfwd kreftifyg,m NydKvJjcif;

1912 ckES pfu pwif cJ h wJ h abmf vfuefuRef ; qG ,f tusyf twnf ;[m qvyf Af trsd K;om; a&;0g' jyif ;xef vmapcJh NyD ; abmf vfuefuRef ;qG ,f Ed k if iH awGu atmf wd k ref tif yg,mud k

wd kuf cd kuf cJ h wJ h txd wG ef ;yd kY cJ hygw,f/ tif yg ,mxJu abmf vfuef a'orS m&S d wJ h yd kif qd kif rI tm;vH k;ud k pGefYvTwf cJh&ygw,f/ tusyf twnf ;NyD ;qH k;oG m;wJ h 1913 ckES pf rS m atmf wd k ref tusOf ;om;awG [mqmbD ;,m;Nrd KUawmf vrf ;rawGud k jzwf NyD ;qkwf cG mcJ h&ygw,f/

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rd wf zG JY vd kufygw,f/

yxrurÇ mppfod k Y

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? twG J 2? trSwf 251 (17-12-2014)Ak'¨ [l ; 21HISTORY

abmfvfuefvkyG J MopMwD ;,m;-[ef a*&D [m abmf vfuef a'ou abmhpeD ;,m;-[mZD

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a&;pdwf "mwfawG Ed k;Mum;aecJh Muygw,f/

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ppf eJ Ytaygif ;tygawGud k vT J ajymif ;ay;zd kY qmbD ;,m;ud kawmif ;qd kcJ hygw,f/

31-08-1907tiftm;BuD;ESpfckNydKifqd kifrI

pD ;yG m;a&;awmif h wif ;NyD ; ud kvd keD<u,f 0wJ h Oa&myEkd if iH BuD ;awG[m Oa&mywd kufud k vnf ; pd k;rd k;zd kY tNyd Kif Bud K;pm;cJ h Muygw,f/ *smreD? MopMwD ;,m;-[ef a*&D eJ Y tD wvD wd k Y [m oH k;yGif h qd kif r[mrdwf tzG J Uud k t&if zG J U vdkufygw,f/ Oa&mytaemufydkif;u NAd wd ef eJ Yjyif opf wd kY&J Uyl ;aygif ;rIud k tef wkEd kif atmif vd k Yyg/ 1907 ckES pf rS mawmh ½k&S m;[m NAd wd ef-jyif opf tkyf pkbufud k ygvmcJ h NyD ; oHk;yGifhqkdiftiftm;xyfjzpfvmygw,f/ 'D oH k;yG if hqd kiftiftm;ES pf ck Nyd Kif qd kif rI [m b,f vf *sD ,H vdkEkd if iHi,f av;awG twGuf eD ;&m"m;udkaMumuf&r,f h tajctaejzpf vmNyD ; tm;ud k;&S mcJ h Mu&ygw,f/

23-07-1914wpfEG,fiifwpfpifyg

MopMwD ;,m;-[ef a*&Du td rf a&S Urif ;om; zm'Deeftowf cH&wmeJYywf ouf NyD ; qm bD ;,m;tpd k;&ud k MuH&mygtjzpf pGyf pG J cJ hyg w,f / 'gh tjyif w&m;rQwatmif vkyf ray;bl ;qd k&if ppf buf qd kif&mta&;,l rI eJ Y&if qd kif&r,f vd kY vnf ; Ncdrf ;ajcmuf vdkufygw,f/ *smreDuvnf ; ppf a&;t&ta&;

,l r,f h MopaMw;vs-[ef a*&D&J UtpD tpOfud k axmuf cH vd kufygw,f/ ½k&S m;uawmh

qmbD ;,m;axmuf cH zd kY uwd ay;xm;wm aMumif h wpfEG ,f iif wpf pifygqd kovd k jyif opf eJYt*Fvef wd kYuvnf; jyóemxJyg vmcJ hygw,f/ 'g[m Oa&mywd kufud k ppfyG J *,uf xJ qJG csvd kuf wJh tjzpftysufyg/

17-08-1914ppfjzpf&eftoif U

Oa&mywpf vT m; ppfa&;vIyf&S m;rI awG pwif vmcJ hygNyD/ 1914 ckES pf Mo*k wf v rS m NAd wd ef txl ;wyf zG J UawG [m jyif opfEkd if iHud k yl ;aygif ;a&muf&S d vmcJ hygw,f/

ppfyG J twGuf pd wf "mwf awG vnf ; jyif ;xef aecJ hygw,f/ NAd wd efwyfzGJ U0if awG [m ppfyG Judktjrefud pöjzwfEkd if r,fvd kY vnf; ,H kMunf aeMuygw,f/ ol wd kY [m Zmwf od rf;rvSr,fh &efolr[mrdwfawG&JU trS m;ud k ouf aojyzd kY vnf ; pd wful ;cJ h Muygw,f/

28-06-1914

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