UNIT 13

Globalization

实用英语阅读

4

Practical Reading5

12

Reading Skills 11

Fast Reading3

Contents

Text B

Text A

Reading Skills

Inference is a reading method, which means to reach logical information by going beyond surface details. This method is very necessary in the process of reading because the information provided is not always as direct and clear as readers want it to be. With the help of this method we can still be sure of a piece of information even if it is not directly stated.

Of course, this method cannot be learned from a piece of paper. People have acquired it from their past experience and daily life. Paying much attention to hints and suggestions, they have used their inference skills for most of their childhood and adult lives. For example, one day, a supervisor came to work late. She mumbles in a low voice, storms past everybody’s desk, turns the doorknob roughly, throws open the door forcefully, and slams it loudly behind her. From those details, we can conclude that she is angry about something.

Making Inferences(1)

Moreover, inferences must be based on valid and available information. Otherwise, they might be incorrect. We can not infer that the supervisor described in the above paragraph is angry with her son. No available hint suggests it.

Just like in daily life, inference is also frequently used by skillful readers, which is a necessity for them to understand the text fully.

Making Inferences(1)

Sample 1 Mary would be hired by a New York family. By two weeks, the NY family would come down with a disease called Typhoid Fever. Whenever they would eat, they would get sick.Correct Inference: In the early 1900’s, wealthy people often hired cooks to prepare their meals in their homes.

Making Inferences(1)

Sample 2 Mary got arrested before, because she was working in a hospital and the people got typhoid. On May 27, 1915, she was arrested and sent back to North Brother Island. Faulty Inference: Mary Mellon was a gentle, honest person who would go to great lengths not to harm anyone.

Making Inferences(1)Sample 3Their actions, on this sunny afternoon, have been carefully organized and rehearsed. Their work began weeks ago with a leisurely drive through a quiet residential area. While driving, they noticed particular homes that seemed isolated and free of activity. Over the next week, similar drives were taken at different times of day. Finally, a house was chosen and their work began in earnest. Through careful observation and several phone calls, they learned where the occupants worked. They studied the house, noting entrances and windows and anticipating the floor plan. Finally, they were ready to act. Phone calls made that morning confirmed that the occupants were at work.What was about to happen in this description?A daytime home burglary.

Sample 4Scandal of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.What is the author’s mood about the organization of the Olympics?Negative.

Making Inferences(1)

Read the following sentences, decide whether the inference is correct or faulty.1. These germs pass through the body when a person uses the toilet. If the person touches the food before washing up, the germs can be transferred to the food.Inference: It is a good idea to make sure that all workers in restaurants wash their hands after using the toilet. ( ) 2. Mary Mellon never had Typhoid Fever. She had always been a healthy and strong person. Soper figured that healthy people can be a carrier of Typhoid without even knowing it.Inference: As long as you feel healthy and strong, you can never be a carrier of typhoid fever. ( )

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3. When Soper found Mary, she was furious. She picked up a carving knife at Soper and lunged it at him. He managed to get out of there without being hurt.Inference: Mary Mellon had extraordinary strength, especially when she was upset or angry. ( )

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Text A1. Answer the following questions.1. What is your most favorite movie?

2. What does globalization bring to us?

3. What are the advantages of globalization?

I like “Brave Heart” the most. I appreciate the "freedom" idea from Sir William Wallace. I admire his fight against the English Nobles. I am thrilled when he shouted out the "F...R...E...E...D...O...M".

Globalization has offered us opportunities to accept challenges, as well as challenges we can win to gain opportunities.

Globalization merges and unites international business and cultures. Through communication, there is a chance for better understanding of the world and people in it. We should use communication to promote understanding of all nations and all people. With cooperation, we will have confidence to build our future, because we face challenge with our efforts to fulfill our dream: a better future for China and all Chinese people. These are the opportunities and challenges for China’s younger generation.

Text AII. Fill in each of the blanks with the appropriate word or phrase from the list. Change the form where necessary.

available prefer offer essence contribute migrate domestic fulfill concept define

1. The powers of the courts are by law. 2. The swimming pool is only in summer. 3. At the moment, he not to think about the future. 4. We him the calculator for US$50. 5. The of his long speech was that we must all work harder. 6. He half of his savings to the relief fund. 7. When did Asians begin to to the United States? 8. The meeting concerns both foreign and policies. 9. The company should be able to our requirements. 10. He presented a new of the beginning of the universe.

defined available

preferred offered

essence

contributed

domestic

migrate

fulfill concept

Text A• III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. Since the word has both technical and political meanings, different groups will have

differing histories of “globalization”.

2. In general use within the field of economics and political economy, globalization is

world-wide expansion of the division of labor.

3. It can also refer more specifically to an increasing volume of trade between nations based on stable institutions that allow firms in different nations to exchange goods

and services with minimal friction.

全球化具有技术和政治含义，不同的学科对“全球化”的历史解释不同。

在经济学和政治经济学领域，全球化是指劳动分工在世界范围内的扩大。

（全球化）特别是指在稳定的制度基础上国家之间贸易量的增加，该制度使得不同国家的公司在最少的贸易磨擦条件下进行货物和服务贸易。

Text A

4. Coca-Cola is considered one of the first truly global companies. It is through this title that Coke has learned the importance of respecting cultural differences and also to recognize the humanity that links us all as people.

5. The real problem is that globalization is a different game for many countries

than it is for America.

可口可乐被认为是第一批真正的全球化公司之一。可口可乐通过全球化学到了尊重文化差异的重要性，同时认识到是人性把我们连在一起。

真正的问题是全球化的意义在美国与其他国家不同。

Fast ReadingChoose the best answer for each of the following questions accor

ding to the text.1. Interest rates could be raised if pressure keeps building. A. inflate B. deflation C. inflation D. inflating2. we do not the possibility of raising interest rates again. A. exclusive B. exclude C. inclusive D. include3. It was the third month this year that the CPI or nudged the 3 percent mark set by the cen

tral bank for this year. A. exceeded B. exceed C. exceeding D. had exceeded4. Many economists said the CPI will continue on an trend until September or October. A. upward B. downward C. declining D. depressing 5. Apart from steep rises in pork and egg prices, prices of aquatic products and fruits have in June, adding to inflation pressure.

A. rebound B. rebounded C. been rebounded D. been rebounding 6. The high CPI rates forecast in the coming months that there will be no government interv

ention.

A. assume B. take for granted C. anticipate D. presume

C

B

A

A

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Text BI. Answer the following questions.

1. What opportunities does globalization bring to us?

2. What challenges does globalization bring to us?

3. Explain E. M. Forster’s words, “Only connect!”

Our country gets prosperous and enjoying respect in the international community.

How are we going to ensure a smooth transition from the planned economy to a market-based one? How to construct a legal system that is sound enough and broad enough to respond to the needs of a dynamic society? How to maintain our cultural identity in an increasingly homogeneous world? And how to define greatness in our rise as a peace-loving nation? Globalization entails questions that concern us all.

The fundamental implication of this example is that the need and desire to communicate across differences in culture and ideology.

Text BII. Fill in each of the blanks with the appropriate word or phrase from the list. Chan

ge the form where necessary.

fundamental seek exchange terrorism slosh self-reliant demonstrate remind construct entail

1. The cause of his success is his hard work.

2. We'll have an opportunity to views tomorrow.

3. Raising children requires parents at times to lead with their heads and not

their hearts. 4. The lawyer that the witness was lying. 5. Something suspicious was found after the room was through. 6. This job would your learning how to use a computer. 7. He a theory in collaboration with his colleagues. 8. Iraq and go back decades. 9. Don’t too much water on the floor when you’re having a bath. 10. The story me of an experience I once had.

fundamental exchange

self-reliant

demonstrated sought

entail constructed

terrorism slosh

reminds

Text B

III. Put the following phrases into Chinese.

1. The fundamental implication of this example is that the need and desire to communicate across differences in culture and ideology is not only felt by

the two countries but by many other nations as well.

2. Peace and prosperity has become a common goal that we are striving for all

over the world.

这一事件充分表明：不同文化、不同意识形态之间的交流不仅仅是两个国家的需要和愿望，也是更多其它国家的心声。

和平与繁荣已成为全世界共同奋斗的目标。

Text B3. Our culture, politics, society and commerce are being sloshed into a

large melting pot of humanity.

4. Multinational corporations are seeking the lowest cost, the largest

market, and the most favorable policy.

5. How are we going to ensure a smooth transition from the planned

economy to a market-based one?

我们的文化、政治、社会和商业都被放入一个人性的大熔炉里。

跨国公司一直在实行寻求最低成本、最大市场和最多收益（最有利）的政策。

我们如何确保从计划经济向市场经济平稳过渡？

Practical ReadingDecide whether the following statements are True or False.1. Most of Chinese people think Google's retreat doesn't

matter and many people are averse to Google's threat. ( )2. Google’s cooperation and collusion with the US

intelligence and security agencies is well-known, which aroused spats with Asia. ( )

3. If some information is "favorable", Google must delete it under the order of relevant US agencies. ( )

4. After Google launched an attack on China's censoring, American officials and media responded vigorously. ( )

5. China should set up and follow its own technological development route. This is an issue that needs our

immediate attention. ( )

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