Unit 19 Lesson 1

Language Learning

欧阳白蓉

1. Do you think learning English is

important for your future? Why?

2. Do you think it is difficult to learn

English well? Why or why not?

3. What are your problems? Speaking,

listening, writing or reading?

Discussion

1. What has made more and more

people decide to learn English in

recent years ?

The growth of international

companies and the great advances

in communications have started

the trend for learning English.

Read the text and answer the following

questions.

2. According to some theories, what is

the best way to learn a foreign

language?

English learners must be

surrounded by the language

environment.

3. How can teachers try to create a rich language environment in the classroom?

Teachers must make sure that there is an adequate amount of input in English conveyed to the students through various mediums, which means quality language output.

4. What extra work can you do outside of the classroom?

Setting achievable targets; listening to English songs; watching the news in your own language and then reading an English newspaper; watching DVD; studying with friends; rewarding yourself.

True or False

1. Experts recommend doing 2 hours

of extra work once a week.

2. Listening to an English song several

times can help you revise new

vocabulary.

F

F

3. There is no point reading the news

in English if you have already

watched it in your own language.

4. Watching your favorite DVD in

English will improve your listening

skills.

F

T

The whole structure of the passage.

1st para

2nd para and 3rd p

ara

4th para to the last

Some practical suggestions.

Why do we need to learn English?

How can we learn it well in terms of theory?

Blank-filling after the second reading.

Many people ________ in the 1700s that English _____ be the global languages one day, which ______ to be the case. With the growing international companies and the great advances in communications, more and more people ____ to learn English as the second language.

predictedwould

proved

tend

And the fact is that speaking more

than one language makes you

____________________.

People have realized that in the

_______ of the native language

environment, people can not learn it

well. In _____ words, you have to be

__________ by the language.

stand out/outstanding

absence

other

surrounded

Sadly, most of the English learners can

not live in the native country, which

means we can only depend on our

school resources.

So teachers have to _________ rich

language _____, which can be ________

to students _______ various mediums.

Since extra-curricula work may

guarantee

input conveyed through

_________ language learning, here are

some suggestions to English learners:

setting ________ targets; listening

English songs; watching English DVD;

Studying with your friends; and

rewarding yourself. Please remember

to ____ dedicated

accelerate

workable

keep

Language Points

1. It was predicted that… 据人们推测…… 据人们推测 , 未来的某些工作将由电脑

代替。 It was predicted that some jobs in the futu

re will be done by computers.

据说明年的油价会上升。 It is reported that oil price will go up next

year.

2. case 情况in that case 如果那样的话I am sure that he will say hello to you. I

n that case, will you feel embarrassed?

in case 万一Please take this umbrella with you in ca

se of rain.

3. stand out 突出 Tom stands out in our class becaus

e he always gets the first in math test.

4. The chances that …are small.

…… 的可能性很小。 The chances that he will be late ar

e quite small.

他迟到的可能性很小。 The chances that parents don’t lik

e their children are extremely sma

ll.

5. encourage

鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.

老师鼓励我们上课多说英语。Teachers encouraged us to speak En

glish as much as possible.

其反义词为 : discourage

6. 将……做调整 adjust …to …

7. 告诉某人某事 inform sb. of sth.

Grammar--- Noun Clauses

It was predicted as early as the

1700s that English would one day be

the global language.

…, chances that we will all have the

opportunity to live in an English-

speaking country are small.

What this means is that they make

sure there is an adequate amount of

input in English.

Experts say that just 15 minutes of

extra-curricula study a day can really

accelerate foreign language learning.

The first one is a subject clause.

( 主语从句 )

The second one is an appositive clause.

( 同位语从句 )

The third one is a predicative clause.

( 表语从句 )

The fourth one is an object clause.

( 宾语从句 )

名词性从句包括 : 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。引导名词从句的引导词是：a) that

b) Whether, if

c) wh- 疑问词 , whatever 等关系代词引导 ,

how long/much/many…

主语从句在句子中充当主语 , 句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。Why he refused to work with you is still

a mystery.

Whoever comes is welcome.

That he is still alive is surprising.

Who will win the match is still unknown.

主语从句

What he wants to tell us is not clear.

Where the party will be held has not

yet been announced.

Whoever breaks the rules will be

punished.

That he became a lawyer may have

been due to his mother’s influence.

It is not true that he has moved to

New York.

主语从句前的 that 不能省略 , 仅起连接作用 , 有时为了保持句子平衡 , that 从句后置 , 而由 it 作形式主语。

其他类似句型还有：It + be +important/ necessary/ obvious + that 从句It + be +reported/believed/thought/has been decided + that 从句It + be +a pity/a shame/a fact/a surprise/ common knowledge+ that 从句It + happens/occurs/seems/appears + that 从句

宾语从句在句子中充当宾语 , 从句用陈述句语序 , 一般放在及物动词或介词之后。I don’t know where the sound came fr

om.

Don't be satisfied with what you have

achieved.

宾语从句

He has told me (that) he will go to

Shanghai tomorrow.

He told me (that) he was ill and that

he couldn’t come.

command, order, suggest, advise, insis

t, desire, demand, beg, require, request

等动词如果后面加上宾语从句的话 , 从句谓语部分必须用 should do 。 I insist that she (should) do her work

alone.

The commander ordered that troops

(should) set off at once.

it + 从句

介词 + it + 从句

it +adj. + 从句

it + 介词短语 + 从句

it+ n.+ 从句

it + 过去分词 + 从句

It 形式宾语

主语 + 谓语

I hate it when people speak with t

heir mouths full.

I’ll see to ( 保证 ) it that everythin

g is ready in time.

He made it clear that he would lea

ve office soon.

We must bear it in mind that we a

re Chinese.

We thought it a pity that he

failed again.

I heard it said that he had gone

home.

当从句放在系动词 be, look, remain,

seem 等后即构成表语从句。 其基本结构为 : 主语 + 系动词 +

that 从句。The trouble is that I have lost his add

ress.

It seemed that the night would never e

nd.

The fact is that we have lost the game.

That’s just what I want.

This is where our problem lies.

That is why he didn’t come to the

meeting.

It looks as if it is going to rain.

同位语从句 同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心词作进一步解释 , 能接同位语从句的常见名词有 : idea, fact, news, belief, hope,

evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answe

r, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, p

roblem, thought, understanding 等。

The news that we won the game is e

xciting. 　 I have no idea when he will come ba

ck home.

Word came to him that Mary had p

robably fallen ill.

They are investigating the question

whether the man is trustworthy.

The fact that we talked about is very

important.

The fact that he succeeded in the

experiment pleased everybody.

( 定语从句 )

( 同位语从句 )

whether 与 if 在名词性从句中的用法区别 if 一般只用于引导宾语从句，而 whether 可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。 连词 whether 引导主语从句、表语从句时不能用 if 来替换。

whether 与 if 在名词性从句中的用法区别 if 一般只用于引导宾语从句，而 whether 可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。 连词 whether 引导主语从句、表语从句时不能用 if 来替换。

Whether he will attend the meeting is u

ncertain.

The question is whether he will come.

宾语从句中 , whether 常与 or not 搭配 ,

可以说 whether or not, 而不说 if or not.

I don' t care whether or not she will atte

nd the meeting.

whether 可用在介词后 , 或带 to 不定式前 , if 则不可。 She doesn’t know whether to get m

arried now or wait.

I haven’t settled the question of wh

ether I’11 go back home.

某些动词后面 ( 如 discuss) 只能用 whether, 不用 if 。We discussed whether we should

go on climbing.

1. It now appears ___ they are in need of

help.

A. that B. which C. what D. how

2. It is good news ___ they will arrive in a

few days.

A. which B. what C. that D. how

Exercises

3. It _____ Joe drives badly.

A. thought that B. thinks that

C. is thought that D. is thought that

4. My advice is that he ____ regular

house.

A. keep B. would keep

C. keeps D. kept

5. ____ knows the truth will tell you

about it.

A. Who that B. Whoever

C. Whom that D. That who

6. This is ______ she was born.

A. where B. which C. that D. what

7. The question is ___ we can’t go there

today.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

8. The question is ____ it is worth doing.

A. if B. whether C. which D. what

9. The reason is __ he has never wasted

his time.

A. because B. why C. that D. what

10. His proposal is that the dam __ at the

foot of the mountain.

A. build B. will build

C. be built D. will be built