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Unit 2 Studying English Theme 4 The Origins of Idioms

Unit 2 Studying English

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Unit 2 Studying English. Theme 4 The Origins of Idioms. Stories Behind Idioms. Idiom =a figure of speech used to mean something other than its literal meaning. Fly files off the handle = to lose one’s temper Jump the shark = When a TV show takes a turn for the worse….. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Unit 2 Studying English

Unit 2Studying English

Theme 4 The Ori-gins of Idioms

Page 2: Unit 2 Studying English

Stories Behind Idioms

Idiom =a figure of speech used to mean something

other than its literal mean-ing

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• Fly files off the handle • = to lose one’s temper• Jump the shark• = When a TV show takes a

turn for the worse…..• 텔레비전 쇼에 상식을 벗어난 장면을 집어넣거나 이야기의 전개를 바꿔서 결국 프로그램의 질을 떨어뜨리거나 시청률 하락세를 만회하고자 하다

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• To beat a dead horse• = to waste time doing some-

thing that won’t succeed• 헛수고하다

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p.43

• □ sprout up 싹이나다 , 자라기 시작하다 ,나타나다• □ figure out 이해하다 , 파악하다• □ get quite a different picture : 완전히 다른 그림을 갖다 . 즉 다르게 이해하다 . • □ interestingly : 흥미롭게도• □ respectively : 각각• Cf) respectfully 공손하게 , 정중하게

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• But, of course, you would not expect [to see/ seeing] ears [sprouted/ sprouting] up all over your friend's body!

• "I'm ready [for/ to] listen.“• An expression [like this] is called/

called an idiom. You know all the words [in the idiom], but you proba-bly can't figure out (its/theirs) exact meaning.

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• For example, when you hear ex-pressions / like "I put my foot in mouth”, and "He's in a real jam." you might get quite a different picture [in your mind] / from what they actually mean.

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• In English, there are many interesting idioms (that are) often used in every-day life.

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Idioms• “I’m all ears,” means

“__________________ ” • I’m ready to listen .• “I put my foot in my mouth,”

means “____”• I said something stupid.

• “He’s in a real jam,” means “____________”

• He’s in a difficult situation.

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p.44

• □ all at once 모두 한꺼번에• □ context : 문맥 , 맥락• □ unique : 독특한• □ one at a time : 한번에 하나 • □ following : 다음의• □ comic strip : ( 흔히 신문에서 연결된 사각형 박스들 속에 통일된 이야기를 담는 ) 만화• □ left-handed : 비꼬는 , 왼손잡이의• □ compliment : 칭찬• □ skinny : 마른• □ seriously : 심각하게 , 진지하게• □ harm : 해로움• □ give compliments 칭찬하다

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• In English, there are many [interest-ing/

• interested] idioms that [often use/• are often used] in everyday life. It is

not possible to learn them all at once. However, don't give up. Just try [to guess/ guessing] their meanings from the [contents/ contexts] [in which/ in that] they [are using/are used], and you can learn these unique expressions one at a time.

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p.45

• □ probably : 아마도• □ encounter~ : 우연히 만나다• □ unfamiliar : 익숙하지 않은• □ might have guessed 추측 했을런지도 모른다• might have p.p : ~ 이었을런지도 모른다 ( 과거 사실에 대한 추측 )• must have p.p : ~ 이었음에 틀림 없다 .• would have p.p : ~ 할 예정이었다 . ~ 할 수도 있었다 .

( 하지만 하지 않았다 )• should have p.p : ~ 했어야만 했다 . ( 하지 않았음을 후회 )• could have p.p : ~ 할 수도 있었다 ( 그러나 하지 않았다 )• may(might) have p.p : ~ 이었을지도 모른다 ( 과거 사실에 대한 추측 )• □ accurately : 정확하게

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• You don't look [happy/ happily].• Cathy gave me a left-handed [comple-

ment/ compliment].• you take everything too [serious/ seri-

ously]• I think she needs [to learn/ learning]

the ropes about how to give compli-ments.

• you [should have guessed/might have guessed] their meanings from the

• Contexts.

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p.45• While You Read• 1. The writer recommends learning

___________ by guessing their meanings from __________________.

• idioms / contexts

• 2. Over to you• Which new idioms did you learn from

the comic strip?

• left-handed compliment// learn the rope• give somebody the cold shoulder

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A left-handed compliment

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p.46

• □ compliment : 칭찬• □ praise : 칭찬하다• □ insult : 모욕을 주다• □ at the same time : 동시에• □ backhanded : 비꼬는 , 빈정대는 , =left-

handed• A backhanded compliment, also known as a

left handed compliment, is an insult that is disguised as a compliment.

• □ is known as ~ ~ 로써 알려져 있다 .• cf. be known to : ~ 에게 알려져 있다 .• be known for : ~ 로 유명하다

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p.46-1

• □ malicious : 악의가 있는 , 심술궂은• □ instance : 예 (=example)• □ initial : 초기의• □ intellect : 지성 , 지능 , 지력• □ implied ~ : 암시된 , 내포된• □ criticism : 비판• □ Appear unintelligent 지적으로 보이지 않는다• □ on the surface : 표면적으로는 , 외관상• □ unattractive 매력적이지 않는

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• It is also known [for/ as] a backhanded compliment/ complement.

• The left side of the body [has always considered/ has always been con-sidered] [harmful/ harmfully].

• each instance also includes an [im-plied/ implying] criticism: the person appears [intelligent/ unintelligent] on the surface, and the son's parents are [unattractive/ inattractive].

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Take a break !!!!!• Husband : Honey, why are you wearing your wedding ring on the wrong finger?•Wife : Because I mar-ried • _____________________!

the wrong man

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Learn the ropesknow the ropes 는 " 요령을 잘 알고 있다 " 는 뜻이다 . learn the ropes 라고도 한다 . 19세기의 선원들에게 가장 중요한 것은 돛대와 연결돼 있는 수많은 rope( 밧줄 ) 를 잘 다루는 것이었는데 , 바로 여기서 유래한 표현이다It was hard at first but once I

learned the ropes , it gets better and better.

[

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p.47

• □ phrase 어구 , 문구• □the days of sailing ships 범선 시절• □ tie knots 매듭을 묶다• □ handle 다루다 □ sail : 돛 □ is said to V ( 수동주의 ) : ~ 라고 말해지다• □ attached 달려있는 , 부착된 , 첨부된• □ quite a while : 꽤 오래• □ take : 시간이 ~ 걸리다• □ legal : 법률의• □ firm : 기업 . 회사

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• Possibly this phrase came from the days of sailing ships when sailors learned how to tie knots and handle the ropes that were attached to the sails.• 선행사 + 관계부사 (where, when, why, how) + 완전한 문장

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• To learn or know the ropes [is/ are] to understand how to do something or [know/ knows] the basics of some-thing. Possibly this phrase came from the days of sailing ships [which/ when] sailors learned how to tie knots and [handle/ handled] the ropes that [attached/ were at-tached] to the sails. A sailor who was learning all of this [was/ were] said [to be/ being] "learning the ropes ."

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• Examples of this phrase in-cludes "Anne will teach you how to do everything, and [shouldn't/ it/ you/ take/ the/ long/ to/ learn/ too/ ropes]," and • "[quite/ while/ it/ learn/ to/ a/ for/ the/ a new lawyer/ takes/ ropes] in a big legal firm."

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p.47

• While You Read• 1. Why is the compliment “You’re smarter

than you look,” a left-handed compli-ment?

• It includes both an initial compli-ment and an implied criticism.

• 2. Which of the following is NOT ex-plained about the idiom “learn the ropes”?

• ⓐ origin( 기원 ) meaning ⓑ ⓒusage( 용도 )

• ⓓ importance

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p. 48• □ ignore : 무시하다• □ deliberately : 고의로• □ be relate to : ~ 와 관련이 있다• □ is said to V ( 수동주의 ) : ~ 라고 말해지다• □ tendency : 경향• □ coldly : 차갑게• □ toward ~ : ~ 를 향하여• □ universal : 전 세계의• □ rejection : 거절• □ in one's direction : ~ 와 같은 방향으로• □ occasionally : 이따금씩• □ peer at : ~ 를 응시하다

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• □ all through the party 파티하는 내내 • □ should have p.p : ~ 했어야만 했는데• □ make peace with – 와 화해하다

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• When the rejected person looks in your direction, all he sees is your back and shoul-der, and you may occasion-ally peer at him over your shoulder very coldly.

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• This idiom means "to ignore someone [acci-dentally/ deliberately]." ☀[said/ is/ re-lated/ to/ be/ it/ body language/ to/]. It is a natural human tendency to coldly turn your back toward someone [whose/ whom] you dislike. This is the [distinctive/ universal] language of [reflection /rejection]. When the [rejected/ rejecting] person looks in your direction, all he sees [is/ are] your back and shoulders, and you may occasionally peer at him over your shoulder very [cold /coldly]. An example of this phrase is "I [ar-gued/ argued with] her yesterday.

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p. 49

• □ get up on the wrong side of the bed• 침대의 잘못된 방향에서 일어나다• □ originate : ~ 에서 유래하다 . ~ 에 기원을 두다• □ ancient : 고대의• □ superstition : 미신• □ Cautious 조심하는• □ on the right side 올바른 측면에 있는• □ being in bad mood 기분이 좋지 않은 상태에 있다

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• The idiom "get up on the wrong side of the bed' originated from an ancient superstition that (getting out of bed with your left leg first) was unlucky.

• that : 동격접속사 → 추상명사 뒤에서 완전한 문장을 이끌고 앞의 명사를 구체적으로 설명합니다 . • the philosophy + that + learning by

doing is more valuable

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• the idiom we use to-day, which (= and it)• means being in bad mood.

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p.49

• While You Read• 1. What is the idiom “give someone

the cold shoulder” related to?• ⓐ old traditions• ⓑ body language • ⓒ health myths ( 건강에 관한 속설 )• 2. What were many Romans careful to

do when getting out of bed?• They were careful to get out of

bed with their right leg first.

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P.50• □ boar : 멧돼지• □ beat : 두드리다 , 치다• □ bushes 덤불숲• □ hire : 고용하다• □ in an attempt to V : ~ 라는 시도를 위해서• □ scare out : ( 숨어 있는 사냥감을 ) 몰아내다• □ hide : 숨다• □ get a much easier shot 훨씬 쉽게 사냥감을 맞추게 한다

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• □ aggressive : 공격적인 , 적극적인• □ crucial : 결정적인• □ avoid : 피하다• □ being taken by surprise 갑자기 습격 당하게 되다 • □ hide : 숨다• □ direct contact 직접 접촉• □ main point of interest 관심의 요점 ( 대상 )• □ get directly to the point of - 핵심을 직접적으로 말하지 않다• □ talk around it 주변을 맴도는 애매한 말을하다

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P.50

• While You Read• Why did boar hunters hire helpers?• They hired helpers to scare wild boars out of bushes.

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Much More Idioms

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1. A piece of cake

A task that can be done very easily

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2. Cost an arm and a leg

Very expensive. A large amount of

money

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3.Break a leg

A superstitious way to say ‘good

luck’

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4.Bite off more than you can chew

To take on a task that is way too big

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5. Finding your feet

To become more com-fortable in whatever

you are doing

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6. Get up on the wrong side of the bed

Someone who is having a horrible

day

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7. Hit the hay

Go to bed or go to sleep

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8. Kick the bucket

Die

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9. Let the cat out of the bag

To share a secret that wasn’t suppose to be

shared

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10. Pulling your leg

Tricking some as a joke.

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11. Raining cats and dogs

A very loud and noisy rain

storm

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12. When pigs fly

something that will never ever

happen

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13. Hit the book

to study

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14. A cold fish

an unfriendly person

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15. On cloud nine

extremely happy

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16. green with envy

very jealous about / jealousy

itself

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17. once in a blue moon

very rarely

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18. tickled pink

extremely pleased

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19. as white as a sheet

very scared

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20. brainbox

an idea or invention that someone has cre-

ated

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21. tighten my belt

spend less money

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22. at the drop of a hat

come out without hesitation

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23. break the ice

start conversa-tion

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24. begin to see the light in ~

begin to un-derstand in

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25. get cold feet

to be fearful about doing something

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26. be full of beans

to be lively, active and healthy