UNIT 3 COMPUTER AND

INTERNET

SECTION A LISTENING AND PEAKING

TOPIC ： Congratulations And Wishes

Part One ： SPEAKING

•New words and expressions deserve /di'Zǝ:V/ vt. 应得 ; 应受 ( 赏罚等 ) TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language

•Leading in I. Do you know what kinds of words or sentences you can use when you make congratulations or wishes?

•Congratulation

•Congratulations! Let me congratulate you on your success.

You’ve got the first prize, congratulation to you!

You win! Good for you!

Congratulations on your success!

I believe you could win!

You deserve the honor!

•Wishes Many happy returns.

Hope you’ll get well soon.Have a good day.I wish you the best of health.I hope you have a pleasant journey home.Best wishes!Wish you every happiness!

•Language Sample

•II. Dialogue model about congratulation and wishes ， listen to the tape and then repeat it twice.

•1 、 A: I have passed TOFEL Examination and I can study abroad.

B: Oh, your are so great! Congratulations

A: Thank you. I’m so excited now.

B: I hope you achieve more. Good luck.

A: Sure, I will.

•2 、 A: Are you getting better now, Sophia?

B: Much better. Thanks for your concern.

A: Hope you’ll get well soon.

B: I hope so too. Thank you.

• Speaking improvement

• III. Activities in pairs or groups• Task 1. Act out the dialogue （ or passage ）

above , role-playing.

• Task 2. Retell the dialogue （ or passage ） above.

• Task 3. Create a new dialogue according to the one above.

PART TWO LISTENING • New words and expressions quilt /kwilt/ n. 被子 , 鸭绒被 ; 被状物 mess /mes/ n. 混乱 rolling /'r uliǝ ŋ/ adj. 旋转的 ; 滚动的 fade /feid/ vi. 枯萎 , 凋谢 ; 褪色 ; 逐渐消失 ;

逝去 fake /feik/ n. 假货 , 欺骗 , 诡计 a. 假的 gallery /'gæl riǝ / n. 走廊 , 美术陈列室 entertainment /ent 'teimentǝ / n. 娱乐 ; 消遣 ,

娱乐活动 , 文娱节目 quiz /kwiz/ n. 测验

• I. Listen to a group of words, then make your choice.

1. A. pupil B. paper C. pencil D. pair

2. A. quilt B. quality C. quite D. quit

3. A. glass B. class C. plus D .mess

4. A. walk B. work C. weak D. worker

5. A. rule B. role C. rock D. rolling

6. A. food B .foot C. fade D. fake

Keys: 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C

• II. Listen to the following sentences twice, fill in the missing words.

1 、 London is the ____ of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

2 、 Each year, millions of tourists was ___by its historic sights.

3 、 London is a ___ , lively city as well as a historic city.

4 、 London has so many fine _____________ and art galleries.

5 、 Few other cities ____________ such a variety of plays and other entertainment.

keys: 1.captial 2. attracted 3. large 4. museums 5. offer

• III. Listen to a conversation twice, and choose the best answer to each of the questions you have heard.

• A: This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? • B: This is Hank speaking.• A: Hello, Hank.• B: Mary, I heard you passed the National

Entrance Examinations. Congratulations!• A: Thank you. Now I’m considering which college

I would choose.• B: Do you have ideal universities now?

• A: Yes. I want to make a choice between Nanjing University and Wuhan University.

• B: Oh. They are both very good universities in China.

• A: Yes, so it’s difficult to make choice.• B: I know you never leave your hometown, and

Wuhan is far away from your home, while Nanjing is near

• A: I like Wuhan , but I don’t want to live in a city which is too far away from my hometown.

• B: So you should consider carefully. Wish you good luck.

• A: Thanks a lot.

• Questions:1. A. a little quiz B. a English test C. the National Entrance Examination D. a math test 2. A. Wuhan B. Nanjing C. Beijing D. Shanghai 3. A. difficult B. easy C. necessary D. happy 4. A. Nanjing B. Wuhan C. Not mentioned D. Beijing 5. A. Teacher and student B. Friends C. Brother and sister D. Father and daughterKeys: 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B

•IV. Listen to the following passage twice, and answer the questions. In general, American food is mild tasting , most Americans do not season their food to any great degree. Salad is very popular and served all year, but especially in Summer. Most Americans eat breakfast and lunch quickly unless it is a social, business or family occasion. The evening meal, however, is usually longer and a time for the family to gather together. Two of the most popular American foods are hot dogs and hamburgers. A hot dog is usually made either from beef or pork, or a combination of the two, but a hamburger is beef. Both are severed on a bread roll, hot dogs on a long roll and hamburgers on a round roll.

• Questions:

1. Which kind of food is served all year,

especially in summer?

2. In most cases, do most Americans eat

breakfast and lunch quickly?

3. What are the most popular American foods?

4. What does a hamburger make from?Keys:1. Salad 2.Yes 3. Hamburger and hot dog 4. Beef

UNIT 3 COMPUTER AND

INTERNET

SECTION B Reading

Part One Intensive ReadingTopic The Computer Is Down•Warming Up

Nowadays, people depend on the computer so deeply that almost all the businesses have to be done with it, especially in public places. Surely, the computer has brought us a lot of convenience. But have you thought about the question: What will happen if the computer is down? The answer may be something we should worry about.

• 1 Recently, when my old mother called for a doctor’s appointment, it couldn’t be done because “the computer system is down”. My bank teller told me I could not make a deposit because the computer system wasn’t working. To keep track of my work activity, I rely on an internal software system, which lately didn’t work, and I was “blinded”, helpless to communicate.

• 2 These examples are the general condition of an advanced technological society dependent on computers as the primary means of communication. So dependent are we that without them, we are deaf, dumb, and blind.

• 3 I can say we are now living in a computer dictatorship in which people cannot get rid of the

control of computers. If a computer allows a blind man to see with new computer glasses or monitors the heartbeat of someone with heart disease, the computer is not merely one of many technological choices. The wonders the machine offers come with an attendant dependency.

• 4 What I consider critical is to know computer reliance and have a willingness to find out ways for remediation.

• 5 There is an emerging military situation. All the services rely on computers for information gathering, targeting, force deployment, etc. The sophistication of a nation’s computer systems gives it a large strategic advantage over its enemies.

• 6 But the enemies also realize that cheap countermeasures such as a computer virus can destroy the seemingly invulnerable giant.

• 7 Contributing to the self-satisfaction is the relative ease with which the world adapted to Y2K fears. Planes didn’t fall, banks didn’t close, and the food stock continued to be sent to markets. The naive belief that stepping into the year 2000 would be disastrously disruptive has quickly given way to the naive belief that reliance on computers is risk free.

• 8 While technological introduction was free choice at first, its widespread use and the dependency that creates foster a form of social dictatorship. A nation cannot live without computers. Computers are masters and slaves at the same time. Moreover, this cannot change; I don’t propose returning to the

ancient time. But it is important to consider the consequences of computer reliance.

• 9 What happens when computers don’t work? How are we affected? Is life different during “down time”? Who are our programmers, and are they essential in the “new” economy?

• 10 None of these questions is easily answered. Yet they should be asked, in part, because computerization is affecting us in many ways. A person who doesn’t ask these questions is vulnerable to potentially damaging and possibly risky forces. Better to know what we are getting into than to arrive at a new age thoroughly unprepared for what waits for us.

• New words• deposit /di'pɔzit / n. money that is stored in the b

ank or will be owed 存款；定金• track /træk/n. line or series of marks left by a vehicle,

person, animal, etc in passing along 足迹；线索• internal /in'tə:nl/adj. of or in the inside 内部的• dictatorship /dik'teitəʃip/ n. (country with) governmen

t by a ruler who has absolute authority 独裁政治；独裁国家

• merely /'miəil/ adv. only 仅仅• attendant /ə'tendənt/ adj. accompanying 伴随的；随

之而来的• critical /'kritikl/ adj of or at a crisis 关键的

• remediation [rimi:di'eiʃən/ n. putting right 弥补； 补救

• emerge /i'mə:ʤ/ v. come into view 出现• target /'ta:git/ v. search for objective 寻找目标• deployment /dip'lɔimənt/ n. action of spreading ou

t of military troops 部署• sophistication /səfistikeiʃən/ n. complexion 复杂• strategic /strə'ti:ʤik/ adj. of serving the purpose o

f war 战略的• virus /'vaiərəs/ n. any of various poisonous elem

ents causing the spread of infectious disease 病毒• invulnerable /in'vʌlnərəbl/ adj. that cannot be wound

ed or hurt 无懈可击的

• ease [i:z] n freedom from work, discomfort, trouble, difficulty 轻松

• adapt /ə'dæpt/ v. make suitable 适应• naive /nai'i:v/ adj. natural and innocent in spee

ch and behavior 天真的；质朴的• disastrously /d'isa:strəsli/ adv. misfortunely 灾难性地• disruptive /disr'ʌptiv/ adj. causing breaking up or

separation 破坏的• foster /f'ɔ:stə/ v. care for; help the growth and

development 培养；抚育• vulnerable /vʌlnərəbl/ adj. that is liable to be dam

aged 脆弱的；易受伤害的• risky /'riski/ adj. full of danger 冒险的；危险的

• Phrases and Expressions• 1. make a deposit 存款；付定金• 2. keep track of 跟上……的进展；保

持与……联系；弄清楚• 3. dependent on 依赖；依靠• 4. contribute to 有助于；是……的部

分原因• 5. give way to 让位；让路• 6. in part

• Notes• 1. Contributing to the self-satisfaction is the re

lative ease with the world adapted to Y2K fears.

Y2K fears ：即对千年虫的恐惧 世界相对轻松地适应了 Y2K 恐惧是导致

这种自满情绪的部分原因。• 2. Is life different during “down time”?“during down time” means when the computer is

down. （计算机坏了）生活会有什么不同？

•Exercises•1. Judge each of the following statements is

true or false.1) ( )“The computer is down” means that “The

computer has stopped working.”2) ( )According to the text, people all over the world

are too dependent on the computer.3) ( )The writer thinks that the key is to know

computer reliance and find ways and have willingness to solve the problem.

4) ( )There is no risk while people use computers.5) ( )The writer is against using the computer and

going back to the ancient time.6) ( )We must be clear about what the computer has

brought us. Keys: T T T F F T

• 2. Choose the best choice to fill in the blanks.• 1) If you always lock yourself in your room, you can’t

keep the of the development of the society.

A step B track C gap D movement• 2) You’d better preview what you will learn next time,

don’t be unprepared anything.

A of B to C with D for • 3) It shows that you lack confidence if you always give

way other people’s opinions.

A in B toward C to D from• 4) Don’t rely others too deeply to help you whenever

you are in trouble.

• A on B with C in D over

• 5) His fluent English gives him an advantage his classmates.

A on B with C in D over

• 6) If someone wants to borrow a tool from the lab, he must a deposit.

A take B give C make D bring

• 7) Woods here are vulnerable destruction.

A in B to C within D from

• 8) The team leader proposed out tomorrow.

A to start B starting C started D starts

• Keys:1-5 BDCAD 6-8 CBB

• 3.Fill in each of the blanks with the correct form of the given word.

• 1) He is a person who can’t express his (affect) to his family members.

• 2) You must make an (appoint) with the manager because he is very busy.

• 3) The secret of being happy is to fill your life with (active).• 4) The teacher told the students not to (dependence) on their

parents all the time.• 5) She is (willingness) to help these poor children.• 6) The subject is too (sophistication) for me to understand.• 7) Tom is very interested in the computer and he wants to be a

computer (program) in the future.• 8) He is always blamed because he usually does his work

(prepare).

• Keys:1. affection 2. appointment 3. activities 4. depend 5. willing 6. sophisticated 7. programmer 8. unprepared

• 4. Translate the following English sentences.• 1) To keep track of my work activity, I rely on an

internal software system, which lately didn’t work, and I was “blinded”, helpless to communicate.

• 2) So dependent are we that without them, we are deaf, dumb, and blind.

• 3) The wonders the machine offers come with an attendant dependency.

• 4) The sophistication of a nation’s computer systems gives it a large strategic advantage over its enemies.

• 5) Contributing to the self-satisfaction is the relative ease with which the world adapted to Y2K fears.

Keys:1. 为了了解我的工作情形，我依赖一个内部软件系统，但不知什么原因，最近它瘫痪了，我成了“瞎子”，无法进行交流。 2) 我们是如此地依赖计算机，以至于没有它，我们就又聋、又哑、又瞎了。 3) 电脑给人们带来了奇迹，同时也使人们对它产生了依赖心理。4) 一个国家精密的电脑系统使它比对手拥有巨大的战略优势。 5) 世界相对轻松地适应了 Y2K 恐惧是导致这种自满情绪的部分原因。

•5. Translate the following Chinese sentences.•1) 自信和勤奋使他在工作中取得了很大进步。 (contribute to)• 2) 丰富的工作经验使他比其他面试者占有优势。 ( give an advantage over)• 3) 所有部门在这几天都要为高考提供方便。（ give way to ）• 4) 在他的童年时代，父母就开始培养他的音乐才能。（ foster ）

•Keys:1) Self-confidence and hard-working contributed to his great progress in his work.

2) His rich work experience gives him an advantage over the other interviewees.

3) All the sectors should give way to the College Entrance Examination.

4) In his childhood, his parents began to foster his musical ability.

6. Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of the computer with the following words and expressions.

• convenience get information chat online do shopping read books

• see films conduct business vision setback human interaction

•addicted

参考译文•前不久，我年迈的母亲要预约医生，却没有约成，

因为“电脑系统坏了”。银行出纳员告诉我不能存款，因为电脑系统不运转了。为了了解我的工作情形，我依赖一个内部软件系统，但不知什么原因，最近它瘫痪了，我成了“瞎子”，无法进行交流。

•在一个以电脑作为信息档案库和主要通讯手段的先进技术社会里，上面这些例子只是一般情形。我们是如此地依赖计算机，以至于没有它，我们就又聋、又哑、又瞎了。

•我敢说，我们现在正生活在电脑统治的天下，人们不能按照自己的意愿摆脱电脑的控制。假如一台电脑能使一位盲人通过电脑眼镜看东西，或者使一个心脏病患者心博得到控制，那么使用电脑就不单纯是一种技术上的选择了。电脑给人们带来了奇迹，同时也使人们对它产生了依赖心理。

•我认为，关键是要认识到这种电脑依赖性并积极主动地去制定补救方案。

•军事上有一个新出现的类似情形。所有军事部门都依靠电脑进行情报收集、目标瞄准及军队部署等。一个国家精密的电脑系统使它比对手拥有巨大的战略优势。

•但是，敌人同样会意识到，一些对抗手段，如计算机病毒，无需很大代价，就会把看起来坚不可摧的巨人击垮。

•世界相对轻松地适应了 Y2K 恐惧是导致这种自满情绪的部分原因。飞机没有坠毁，银行没有倒闭，食品继续供应市场。人们消除了进入 2000 年将会遭受灾难性破坏的天真信念，却迅速代之以依靠计算机不会有风险的另一个天真信念。

•虽然技术的引进最初是自由的选择，但是技术的广泛运用及其带来的依赖性助长了一种社会独裁形

形式。离开了电脑，一个国家就无法生存；计算机既是奴隶，也是主人。而且这种状况不会改变；我不是提议重返古代。但是，考虑电脑依赖性所衍生的后果的确至关重要。• 电脑坏了会发生什么情况？我们会受到什么影响？生活会有什么不同？谁是我们的程序员，在“新”经济中，他们是不是不可缺？• 这些问题哪一个回答起来也不容易。不过，这些问题都该问，部分原因是电脑化从诸多方面影响我们。一个人，如果不问这些问题，面对那些潜在的破坏力量以及可能导致灾难的力量就会无能为力。知道我们正在陷入什么之中总比来到一个新时代却对什么在等待我们毫无准备为好。

Part Two Extensive Reading Internet Its History and Use

• New words and Expressions• postal /pustl/ a. 邮政的 邮局的 • participate /ptisipeit/ v. 参加 参与 • format /fmt/ n. 式 样式 • video /vidiu/ n. 录像 • entertainment /entteinmnt/ n. 娱乐 文艺节目• view /vju/ v. 观察查看 • community /kmjuniti/ n. 社区 • resource /riss/ n. 资源 财力• statistics /sttistiks/ n. 统计 统计资料 • encyclopedia /ensaiklupidj/ n. 百科全书• reference /refrns/ n. 参考 参考书 • access /kses/ v. 接近 进入通道• pal /pl/ n. 好友 伙伴

•1 When we talk about getting online, we mean being connected to the Internet—a giant network of computers that connects people and information all over the world. The Internet has a lot in common with other forms of communication:

•2 Like the U.S. postal service, the Internet allows anyone who knows your Internet address to send you a letter. (it’s called electronic mail or e-mail for short) Like the telephone, the Internet allows you to “chat” with other people by participating in online discussing groups.

•3 Like the library, the Internet contains information on almost any topic you can imaging in many formats, including books, articles, videos, and music recordings.

•4 Like the newspaper, the Internet can give you new information every day, including world news, business, sports, travel, entertainment, and ads.

•5 In addition to words, one part of the Internet---the World Wide Web (often shortened to WWW or the Web)---is especially interesting to people because it includes pictures and sounds.

•6 The Internet began in the 1960s as a U.S. Department of Defense communication network. Soon after, university researchers and professors began to use it to communicate with others in their fields. Internet use really took off in the early 1990s with the arrival of the Web, which made it easier to find and view information online. Today, millions of people throughout the world are connected to the Internet. No one is in charge of the Internet; it’s growing and its format and content is being changed by its users every day.

•7 A computer that is connected to the Internet allows your home, community center, local library, or school to turn to a place of unlimited information and communication. The Internet can help your family:

•8 Find educational resources, including up-to-the-minute news, copies of important documents and photos, and collections of research information on topics ranging from weather conditions to population statistics.

•9 Get help with homework through online encyclopedias and other reference materials and access to experts. Increase reading skills by providing access to interesting material and suggestions for additional reading.

•10 Improve technology and information skills necessary to find and use information, and meet a growing demand for these skills in the workplace. Connect with places around the world to exchange mails with electronic pen pals and to learn about other cultures and traditions.

•I. Decide whether the statements are true or false according to the text.

•1.The Internet is one form of communication.•2.The Internet makes it possible for anyone who

knows your home address to send you an e-mail.•3.As a result of the arrival of the Web, millions of

people in the world began to use the Internet.•4.Students can make computers do homework for

them by getting online.•5.The Web seems to be more important than the

Internet.•6.The Internet was first used in the U.S. Army.•7.From the Internet, you can get research

information on a wide range of topics.•Keys: TFFT FTTT

•II. Translate the first paragraph into Chinese with the help of a dictionary

•Keys: II. 我们谈到上网的时候，意思是说与英特网实现了连接 ----英特网是一个将人们与世界的信息连接起来的巨大的计算机网络。英特网与其它的通讯形式有许多共同之处 .

•Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks with the given words.•all been choice from get mean once over right so that

their to under why•Young people often make their parents angry at their 1) ____

in clothes, in music, and in entertainment. But they do not 2) _____ to make any trouble; it is just 3) _____ they feel cut off 4) _____ the older people’s world, into which they have not 5) _____ accepted. That’s 6) _____ young people want to make a new culture of 7) _____ own. And if their parents do not like their music or entertainment or clothes or their way of speech, this makes them extremely happy. A young man

8) _____ said, “Sometimes you are 9) _____ proud of

yourself that do not want your parents to agree 10) ____ what

you do. 11) ____ you want is to be left alone and do what you

like. This is natural enough, after being a child for so many years

when you were completely 12) _____ your parents’ control.” To

these youngsters, my advice is this: “If you plan to control your

own life, you’d better win your parents 13) _____ and try to 14)

_____ them to understand you. If your parents see that you have

a high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the 15)

_____ to do what you want to do.

Keys: 1). choice 2). mean 3). that 4). From 5). been 6).

why 7). their 8). once 9). so 10). to 11). All 12). under

13). over 14). get 15). right

参考译文英特网：历史与作用

•我们谈到上网的时候，意思是说与英特网实现了连接 ----英特网是一个将人们与世界的信息连接起来的巨大的计算机网络。英特网与其它的通讯形式有许多共同之处：

•同美国邮政管理局一样， 英特网允许任何知道你网址的人给你发信（所发的信称为电子邮件，或简称 e-mail ）。

•同打电话一样，英特网能够让你通过与网上交谈小组而与他人“聊天”。

•同图书馆一样，英特网上包含了你能想象出的几乎任何话题的信息，且形式多样，包括书籍；文章；录像；音乐录像带。

•同报纸一样，英特网每天都能够向你提供新的信息，包括世界新闻；商业；体育；旅游；娱乐和广告方面的内容。

•除了文字内容之外，英特网的一个组成部分万维网（通常缩写为 WWW或者 the Web ）尤其引起人们的兴趣，因为它还包括图像和声音。

•英特网始于 20 世纪 60 年代，当时是作为美国国防部的一个通讯网络。 不久，大学的研究人员和教授们开始将它用于同行间的通讯联系。随着万维网的出现，英特网的应用在 20 世纪 90 年代初期真正开始突飞猛进，万维网使得网上搜寻和浏览信息更为简便。今天，世界上无数的人都与英特网联网。没有人专门负责英特网；英特网一直在不断地扩大，其用户每天都在改变着它的形式和内容。

•连接英特网的电脑使你的家；社区中心；地方图书馆或学校成了一个拥有无限信息交流系统的场所。英特网能够帮助你的家人：

•寻找教育资源，包括最新的消息；重要文件的拷贝和照片以及天气情况到人口统计方面的研究资料汇集。

•做家庭作业时可通过网上查阅百科全书和其它参考资料以及进入专家通道从而获得帮助。利用网上获取有趣资料和补充读物介绍的便利，提高阅读技能。

•提高查找和应用信息的技术和信息技能，满足人们在工作中对于这些技能不断增强的要求。与世界上的其它地区建立联系，与电子笔友交换信件，以及了解其它的文化和传统。

UNIT 3 COMPUTER AND

INTERNET

SECTION C

Grammar, Writing,

Translation and Reading Skills

Part One Grammar Participle ( 分词 )

•一、构成 分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。以动词 do 为例，过去分词只有一种形式，就是 done 。现在分词的各种形式如下：

一般式 完成式 主动 doing having done

被动 being done having been done

否定 not doing not having done

•二、句法功能 分词可以有宾语和状语，构成分词短语。分词或

分词短语在句子中起形容词和副词的作用，通常在句子中作表语、定语、状语和补足语。现在分词一般有主动的意义，表示正在进行的动作。而过去分词则含有被动意义，表示动作已经完成。 1. 表语 现在分词作表语说明主语所具有的特征，过去分词则表示主语所处的状态。一般来说，表示情感的动词用于人时多用过去分词形式，用于物时多用现在分词。 The game seems interesting.

They are interested in the game.

She looks depressed.

•2. 定语 一般情况下，单个的分词作前置定语，分词短语作后置定语。现在分词作定语表示主动、进行的动作，说明所修饰词的性质或特征，过去分词作定语表示被动、完成的动作。 What’s the problem discussed at the meeting yesterday?

He is a promising young man.

In the late autumn, there are fallen leaves everywhere.

Who is the man calling you just now?

•3. 状语 分词或分词短语作状语时，表示时间、原因、条

件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况等。分词所表示的动作的主体，一般是句子的主语。这时选择是用现在分词还是过去分词，主要看分词的动作和句子主语之间的关系。如果是主动、进行的动作，用现在分词，如果是被动、完成的动作，用过去分词。 Being ill, the General Manager was absent. The nurse stayed up late, looking after the patient c

arefully. Not knowing her new address, I cannot go to visit

her. Having gone over the paper again, he handed it in i

n great confidence.•4. 补足语

现在作补足语表示主动和进行的动作，而过去分词作补足语表示被动和完成的动作，而且通常和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。 I saw the students playing table tennis in the playground. Many people waited to have their hair cut at this famous hairdresser’s 注意：动词不定式短语和现在分词短语作补足语时的区别：用不定式着重说明所发生的事情，强调动作已经完成，而用现在分词着重说明动作进行的饿情况，强调动作正在发生。 I noticed the plane taking off. I noticed the plane take off.

•Task 1 Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given words. 1. As we all know, China is a __________ (develop) country. 2. Some of the people _________ (invite) to the party were famous entrepreneurs. 3. In Beijing Olympic Games, the Chinese team got 51 gold medals, ________ (rank) the first of all the _________ (compete) countries. 4. ________ (freeze), water will turn into ice. 5. I had my bicycle _________ (repair) yesterday. 6. The players were _________ (inspire) by the _________ (inspire) news. 7. The huge building ________ (stand) on the left side of the laboratory is the library.

8.________ (Tire) with waiting, we went home.

9. Do you hear anybody ________ (knock) at the door?

10. The boy had his leg ________ (break) when skating.Keys:1. developing 2. invited 3. ranking, competing 4. Frozen 5. repaired

6. inspired, inspiring 7. standing 8. Tired 9. knocking 10. broken

•Task 2 Choose the best answer. 1. ________ to face his friends, he shut himself up in his room.

A. Not wishing B. Not wish

C. No wishing D. Wishing

2. It’s my pleasure _________ with you.

A. stay B. staying C. to stay D stayed

3. Many young people think this modern city is ________. A. a good place to live in B. a good place to live C. a good place for living in D. a good place to be lived in•4. The thief took away the old lady’s wallet without

_______. A. seen B. being seen C. seeing D. saw•5. Weather _______, we will go for picnic tomorrow. A. permitted B. to permit C. permit D. permitting•6. ____her letter for a long time, he decided to say good-bye

to her. A. Not receiving B. Not received C. Having not received D. Not having received•7. I saw a lot of children playing in the park, most of them

________ girls. A. were B. being C. are D. having been

•8. He forgot _______ to Hong Kong when he was a child. A. being taken B. took C. having taken D. taken•9. She regretted _______ the film. A. missing B. to miss C. having missed D. missed•10. Mr. Liu entered the classroom, ____by the boys and girls. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. followsKeys: ACABD DBACA

Part Two Practical Writing

Letter of Thanks ( 感谢信 )•收到别人赠送的礼物，或得到别人的某种帮助后，都应

写信表示感谢。感谢信的特点是：时间及时、简明扼要、着重事由、感谢真诚。

•感谢信分为正式和非正式两种。如出国访问归来后向国外接待单位或个人表示礼节性的感谢宜用正式体。用词正式，语气礼貌恭敬，表达正规。常见的句型有：

This is to thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and to tell you how much I enjoyed being your guest!

I am extremely grateful to you for …I would like you to know how grateful I am to you f

or …•非正式感谢信文体与语气应该根据写信人与收

信人关系的亲疏程度来决定。受到外国朋友的款待或收到他们的礼物时常用非正式的感谢信，这种感谢信也可用便条形式。常见的句型有：

I am so grateful to you for …It was kind and generous of you to …Thank you very much for your wonderful hospitalit

y.We are indicated to you …How wonderful/delightful to receive your …

•Sample 1•Dear Ms. White,•I am writing on behalf of our delegation to thank you

for your kindness and hospitality extended to us on our visit to Manchester last week. We are extremely grateful to you for your making our stay in Manchester as comfortable as possible. In fact, I can assure you that those six days in Manchester were the highlights of our UK tour.

•Please extend our thanks to Mr. Smith and Miss Black, who were so kind and helpful to us during our entire tour.

•It will be my privilege and pleasure to return your hospitality sometime in the future when you come to Tai Yuan.

•Please accept our thanks once again and do not hesitate to contact us if there is anything we can do for you in China.

•Yours Sincerely,• Lang Ying

•Sample 2•Dear Professor Stuart,•I’m writing to thank you for those wonderful days in

your university. You gave me a very warm welcome and I soon felt at home. How delightful to receive your kindness and hospitality! I am very grateful for the time you spent answering my somewhat persistent questions, and the trouble you went to, to make my stay in your university as interesting as possible.

•Thank you again for your hospitality. I’m looking forward to welcoming you here.

• Yours Sincerely,• Susan

•Task 1 Translate Sample 1 into Chinese.

•Task 2 Write a letter of thanks accordin

g to the following information.

在国庆假期期间，你的一位上海的朋友邀请你去游玩，你在那里度过了愉快的四天时间。写信对朋友的热情款待表示感谢。

Keys to Part Two Practical Writing

•Task 1 Translate Sample 1 into Chinese.•尊敬的怀特夫人，•我谨代表我们代表团对上周在曼彻斯特访问时您给

予的热情款待表示真诚的感谢。非常感谢您让我们舒适地度过了此次旅行。事实上，在曼彻斯特的六天是我们此次英国之旅最精彩的时刻。

•请代我转达对史密斯先生以及布莱克小姐的感谢。在此次旅行中，他们也同样给予了我们很多帮助和关心。

•如果您将来有机会来太原，我们将非常乐意为您效劳。

•请再次接受我的谢意。如果有什么需要帮忙的，请随时和我们联系。

• 郎颖敬上

•Task 2 Write a letter of thanks according to the following information.

•Dear Lingling,•I am so grateful to you for the memorable four days

in Shanghai. I enjoyed the trip very much and in fact I cannot remember ever having enjoyed myself so thoroughly anywhere!

•I will never forget your kindness and hospitality. Thank you, also, for arranging so many interesting and exciting things. The visit to the Oriental TV Tower, the Bund, and the Jin Mao Building were unforgettable.

•It was very kind of you to do all this for me and I appreciate it more than I can say.

• Yours sincerely,• Li le

Part Three Translation Translation of Long Sentences

( 长句的翻译 )•翻译长句时，首先要弄清楚原文的句法结构，先

找出句子的主语、谓语和宾语，然后找出修饰主语和宾语的定语和定语从句，以及修饰谓语的状语和状语从句，最后按照汉语特点和表达方式，正确地译出原文的意思，不必拘泥于原文的形式。

1. They felt at home in the President’s home, moving confidently without any fear.

他们在总统的家里感到很自在，行动时心里踏实，无忧无虑。

2. It is certain that human man will eventually conquer the space.

人类最后必将征服太空，这一点是可以肯定的。3. His failure to observe the safety regulations result

ed in an accident to the machine.因为他没有遵守安全规则，机器出了故障。4. Just then the fish gave a lurch that pulled the old

man down onto the bow.正在这时，那条大鱼突然把船扯得晃了一下，老

头儿被拖得倒向船头那边去了。5. And he knew how ashamed he would have been if

she had known his mother and the kind of place he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born.他出生在这一类人中间，他出生在这种地方，他

有这样的母亲；要是让她知道这一切的话，他知道该有多么丢人。

6. The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House.在一次记者招待会上，问题集中于昨天的选举结

果，总统就此发了言。他说他不能解释为什么共和党遭到了这样大的失败。这种情况最终会使共和党失去在众议院中长期享有的优势。

•Task Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the translation skills.

1. Strange enough they were the same age to the day.2. She was lying on his side watching her.

3. Illogically, he had expected some kind of miracle solution.

4. Because the young man frequently came to the lady’s house, he was considered as the mistress’s lover.

5. After singing a concert in this modern city, she said he wanted to greet her fans backstage as she always does.

6. Because of this, the young man or woman writing today has forgotten the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself which alone can make good writing because only that is worth writing about, worth the agony and the sweat. Man Will Prevail by William Faulkner

Keys to Part Three Translation•Task Translate the following sentences into C

hinese, paying attention to the translation skills.1. 说来也巧，他俩年纪一样大，而且还是同日生。2. 她侧身趟着，双目凝视着他。3. 他满心想着会有某种奇迹般的解决办法。这是不

合情理的事情。4. 这个小伙子经常来到太太的家。因此，别人都以

为他是这女人的情人。5. 她在那个现代化的城市举办了一场音乐会。音乐

会结束后，她提出要象往常那样到后台去见见她的崇拜者。

6. 正由于此，今天的青年男女作家已经忘记了人类的内心冲突。然而，只有写这种冲突才能写出好作品，因为这才是值得写、值得作家们为之呕心沥血的东西。

Part Four Reading skillsTopic Sentence in the Middle of the Text( 主题句在段中 )

•通常来说，英文篇章的主题句都会出现在开头或结尾，但也不排除主题句出现在段中的情况，尤其是当段落中间出现了话题方向的强转折时。其信号词多为表示强转折的关联词，如 however, but, nevertheless, yet 等。

•示例 1 ：•Most people can think of a sport they would love t

o see in the Olympics. But they often don’t realize how hard it is to have a sport included in the games. A sportneeds to be well-organized and popular before

•the International Olympic Committee (IOC) will even consider it. An international federation must govern the sport by enforcing rules and making sure athletes meet Olympic standards. Moreover, men from at least 75 countries and women form at least 40 must play the sport.• 段落结构：引言 + 转折关联词 +主题句 +支撑细节。即• introductory sentence +however/but/nevertheless/ye

t

+ topic sentence + supporting details• 阅读提示：转折关系是阅读中的重要考点，所

以平时训练中要给以足够的重视。• 示例 2 ：

•In fact, very frequently, you need to check, reply, distribute, display, modify, or read some materials when you are not in your office. You must avoid this dilemma. The best solution to normally handle your business anywhere anytime and not to disappoint your clients is to let your office “move” with you. Thus , you can have convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime. With the development of communications technology, network application, and wireless interconnection, the mobile office has become simpler and smaller, and even can be realized via one mobile phone with data communication functions.

•段落结构：段首提出问题“ need to check, reply when… not in office”,由此引出主题句——段落中间的 The best solution …is to let your office “move” with you.

•模拟演练：•People can be addicted to different things—for exa

mple, alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive; that is, they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders; they feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is irrational—impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit it, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.

•What’s the main idea of this paragraph?

Keys to Part Three the reading strategies

•主题句在段中•练习 : According to psychologists, many people ar

e compulsive spenders; they feel that they must spend money.

UNIT 3 COMPUTER AND

INTERNET

SECTION D

CULTUREAL TIPS

Terms of Computer( 计算机常用英语术语 )

PU(Center Processor Unit)中央处理单元 chip芯片 mainboard主板 RAM(random access memory) 随机存储器 ( 内存 ) ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器 Floppy Disk 软盘Hard Disk硬盘 CD-ROM光盘驱动器 (光驱 ) monitor监视器keyboard 键盘

mouse鼠标 CD-R光盘刻录机 HUB集线器 Modem= MOdulator-DEModulator,调制解调器 P-P(Plug and Play) 即插即用 setup安装 uninstall卸载 OS(Operation Systrem)操作系统 OA(Office AutoMation)办公自动化exit退出 edit编辑copy 复制 cut剪切

paste粘贴 delete删除 select选择 find查找 select all全选 replace替换 undo撤消 redo重做 program程序license许可 (证 )back前一步next下一步finish结束 folder 文件夹

Destination Folder 目的文件夹user用户 click点击 double click双击right click右击 settings设置 update更新 release发布 data数据 data base数据库 DBMS(Data Base Manege System)数据库管理系

统 view视图 insert插入 object 对象 configuration配置

command命令 POST(power-on-self-test) 电源自检程序 cursor光标 attribute属性 icon图标restart重新启动 text 文本font字体size大小scale 比例interface 界面

function函数access访问 manual指南 active激活 computer language 计算机语言 menu菜单