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1 By PYSH Unit 6 Restructu ring 结结结结

Unit 6 Restructuring 结构调整

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Unit 6 Restructuring 结构调整. By PYSH. 结构调整 (Restructuring) 是英汉互译中的常用翻译技巧。 由于英汉两语 句法结构 和 表达习惯各异 ,有些句子的 词序、语序 在英汉互译时,必须加以 调整 ,才能符合目的语的表达习惯。具体包括: 词序调整 句序调整. 词序调整. 固定用法 表达习惯 定语的位置 状语的位置. iron and steel plant export and import track and field popular modern songs look right and left - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Unit 6  Restructuring 结构调整

1By PYSH

Unit 6 Restructuring结构调整

Page 2: Unit 6  Restructuring 结构调整

2

结构调整 (Restructuring) 是英汉互译中的常用翻译技巧。 由于英汉两语句法结构和表达习惯各异,有些句子的词序、语序在英汉互译时,必须加以调整,才能符合目的语的表达习惯。具体包括:

词序调整 句序调整

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词序调整 固定用法 表达习惯

定语的位置 状语的位置

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固定用法 iron and steel plant export and import track and field popular modern songs look right and left life and death land and water fire and water hot and cold heavy and light old and new

钢铁厂 进出口 田径 现代流行歌曲 左顾右盼 死活 水陆 水火 冷热 轻重 新旧

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定语的位置 单词作定语 短语作定语

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单词作定语 a research-

orientated university Japan proper the banker’s little

garden the ancient Chinese

craftsmanship a little, yellow,

ragged, lame beggar

一所以科研为重点的(研究型)大学 日本本土 银行老板的小花园 中国古代工艺 一个乞丐,身材矮小、面黄肌瘦、衣衫褴褛、脚步蹒跚

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短语作定语 A building

project of apartment houses

A candidate with little chance of success

一个公寓大楼的建筑项目

一个当选希望渺茫的候选人

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状语的位置 单词作状语 --- 地,得

修饰形容词 修饰动词

短语作状语

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修饰形容词 John did not distinguish himself as a student, but he was very active in class. 约翰当年并不是个出色的学生,但他在班上很活跃。

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修饰动词 Modern science and technology are developing rapidly. 现代科学技术正在飞速发展。

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短语作状语 Truth is tough. It will not break, like a b

ubble, at a touch; nay, you may kick it about all day like a football, and it will be round and full at evening.

真理是坚韧的,不会像气泡那样一触即破;不仅如此,它还可以像足球一样,整天任人踢来踢去,到晚上却照样圆鼓鼓的。 他 1963 年 10 月 10 日上午 10 点出生在东北的黑龙江省佳木斯市。 He was born in Jiamusi, Heilongjiang P

rovince in northeast China at 10 A. M. on the 10th of October, 1963.

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句序调整 时间顺序、逻辑顺序

顺序法 逆序法 时序法 拆分法 合并法

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顺序法(按原句语序翻译) It was strange that a day of war was a day we

stood still. We couldn’t move — that must have been the whole idea — so we had no choice but to watch. 

奇怪的是战争的当天我们却原地按兵不动。我们不能动弹——这就是这次战争的整个含意——除了监视敌人,我们别无他法。 为了生存,为了自己和子孙后代的衣食住行,人类和大自然不断进行斗争。 In order to survive, to feed, clothe and shelter

himself and his children, man is engaged in a constant struggle with nature.

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逆序法(颠倒原句首尾翻译) He was dumb-founded at her insistence t

hat he explain where every cent of his allowance had gone.

她非要他讲清楚他津贴中的每一分钱都到哪儿去了,这弄得他哑口无言。 该理论的核心是,我们的环境同我们的才能、性格特征和行为的关系甚微。 That our environment has very little to do

with our abilities, character and behavior is central to this theory.

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时序法 (按事件先后顺序翻译 ) We had been dismayed at home while reading o

f the natural disasters that followed one another for three years after we left China in 1959.

我们于 1959 年离开了中国。此后,中国连续三年遭受自然灾害。我们在国内看到这些消息时,心情颇为沉重。 It was a keen disappointment that I had to post

pone the visit I had intended to pay to China in January.

我原打算在今年一月访问中国,可后来不得不予以推迟,这使我深感失望。

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拆分法

单词 副 词 形容词 名 词

短语 分词短语 名词短语 介词短语

从句

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Adverbs (副词 ) The child seemed justifiably proud of his ac

hievements. 那孩子似乎为他所取得的成绩而自豪,这是合乎情理的。 Incidentally, I hope to get better medical trea

tment there than I can possibly get here in the United States.

顺便提一下,我希望在那儿能得到比美国更好的治疗。

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Adjectives ( 形容词 ) He is an identifiable trouble. 他是个麻烦,大家都看得出来。 He had long been held in cordial cont

empt by his peers; now that contempt was no longer cordial.

长期以来,同事们虽然看不起他,却还对他有些亲切感;现在,连亲切感也没有了。

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Nouns (名词 ) The movie of me leaving them would lo

ok like a shell leaving a rifle. 我逃离他们的速度之快,要是拍成电影,看起来准象出膛的子弹。 He shook his head and his eyes were wi

de, then narrowed in indignation. 他摇了摇头,两眼瞪得圆圆的,接着又眯成一条线,脸上露出了愤怒的神色。

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Participle Phrases (分词短语 ) He dismisses my suggestion, regarding

it as sheer nonsense. 他根本没理会我的建议,将其视为一派胡言。 I feel at home among my students, mov

ing confidently without fear. 我和学生在一起时,心里踏实,无忧无虑。

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Noun Phrases (名词短语 )•Eventually, more as a last hope than with any real confidence in a result, a sub-committee was formed to try to reconcile differences between them. •*最后,对其结果并无真正信心,只是抱有最后一点希望,成立了一个小组委员会,试图调解他们之间的分歧。•[调整 ]:最后成立了一个小组委员会试图调解他们之间的分歧。这只是最后一点希望,对其结果如何并非真有信心。

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Prepositional Phrases 介词短语 I talked to him with brutal frankness. 我对他讲的话,虽然逆耳,却是忠言。 Their power increased with their number. 他们人数增加了,力量也随之增强。 He took a house on a lease of ten years. 他租了一栋房子,租期为十年。 He arrived in Beijing at a ripe moment intern

ationally. 他来到北京,就国际形势来说,时机正合适。

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Clauses (从句 ) He visited many places, in all of whic

h he was received with the usual enthusiasm which attended his arduous labors.

*他访问了许多地方,到处受到对他的艰苦努力所一贯表示的热情欢迎。 [调整 ]:他访问了许多地方,到处受到热情的欢迎。他的艰苦努力是一贯受到热情欢迎的。

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合并法

简单句 主从复合句 并列复合句

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简单句 Towards evening, the attack of the French sl

ackened in its fury. They had other foes besides the British to engage, or were preparing for a final onset.

将近傍晚,法军的攻势逐渐松懈,或许因为他们除了英国人之外还有别的交战敌人,或许正在准备发动最后的一次总攻。 The remembrance rankles still in the bosoms

of millions of the countrymen. They pant for an opportunity of revenging that humiliation.

千百万同胞们至今回想起此事依然觉得懊丧,恨不得有机会赶快报仇雪耻。

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Complex Sentences (从句 ) That he will come to the discussion is certain. 他肯定会来参加讨论的。 The question is whether we can finish the work

on time. 问题是我们能否能按时完成工作。 I am blessed if I know. 我一点儿也不知道。 When I praise the Chinese people, I am not mer

ely being polite. 我对中国人民的赞扬不仅是出于礼貌。

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Compound Sentences 并列句 The coup d'etat of Thermidor was staged o

n July 27, 1794. Robespierre and his supporters were overthrown and the Committee of Public Safety was ended.

1794年 7月 27日的热月政变推翻了罗伯斯庇尔及其支持者,公共安全委员会也随之倒台。 In 1844 Engels met Marx , and they becam

e friends. 1844年,恩格斯与马克思相遇并成为朋友。