Unit Two

南昌大学外国语学院大外部

Unit Unit Two Two


respond v. — to say or do something as a reaction to something that

has been said or done

ExamplesExamples

• 她用沉默回答他的问题。

More to learnMore to learn

She responded his question with silence.

n. responsen. response

形近词：形近词：correspond


Try to GuessTry to Guess

What is the meaning of correspond in the following sentence?

• He corresponds with me regularly.

• Does the name on the envelope correspond with the name on the letter inside?

KeyKey

exchange letters

be in agreement 相一致，相符合


stir v. — 1) 搅拌

2) to rouse

ExamplesExamples

• Henry Porter has stirred children’s imagination. • to stir milk into a cake mixture.

TranslateTranslate

他深为这项消息所激动。KeyKey

He was deeply stirred by the news.


intellect n. — 1) the ability to use the power of reason 2) a person of great intellectual ability

ExamplesExamples

• Gates is a man noted more for his intellect than his charm.

• Maria Gomez, historian, socialist and intellect, has died at the age of eighty-nine.



intellect n. — 1) the ability to use the power of reason 2) a person of great intellectual ability

CompareCompare

intelligence n. intelligent adj.

— the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations

e.g.e.g. • intelligence quotient (IQ)

• intelligence test


fool …into … (doing)— deceive somebody into doing something

ExamplesExamples

• Tim was fooled into believing that he’d won the lottery.

• It was not right for Jean to fool Robert into believing that she was in love with him.


The invisible force that guided the compass needle was evidence to Albert that there was more to our world that meets the eye.

ExamplesExamples

• 这种飞机雷达无法识别。

invisible a.


— — that can not be seen

visit v. vision: 视力，看见 visible a.

This kind of aircraft . .is invisible to radar


ExampleExample

• His novel focused on the social invisibility of black people.

The invisible force that guided the compass needle was evidence to Albert that there was more to our world that meets the eye.

invisibility n.


up to— as a maximum number of amount 多达ExamplesExamples

• This language lab can hold up to about 40 people.• Up to two hundred people died in the air crash.


methodically ad. — in a very ordered, careful way 有条不紊的

ExamplesExamples

• Joan methodically put the things into her suitcase.• Could you arrange the files methodically so that it will

be convenient when you need them?

method methodical methodically


come over— to make a short informal visitExamplesExamples

• Whenever in trouble she would come over to us for help.

• I’ll come over to see you on my next day off.

come upon— to meet, find, or discover esp. by chance

ExamplesExamples

• Believe it or not, John came upon his wife to be in a flight to China.

• I came upon this cool cap in a small store in Paris.


in no way— not at all

ExamplesExamples

• Theory can in no way be separated from practice.• Alcohol will in no way ease your miseries.TranslateTranslate

这些变化绝不是一种进步。KeyKey

The changes are in no way an improvement.


curiosity n.— the desire to know or learn

ExamplesExamples

• It is important to develop the natural curiosity of each child.

• I’m burning with curiosity ― you must tell me who’s won!

curious adj.


insight n.— (the ability to have) a clear, deep understanding of a complicated problem or situation

ExamplesExamples

• He was a brilliant actor who brought deep psychological insight to many of his roles.

• Professor Becker offered some interesting insights into the human society.

TranslateTranslate

He is a person of insight.KeyKey

他是一个有洞察力的人。


genius n.— 1) great and rare power of thought, skill, orimagination

2) a person of very great ability or very high intelligence ExamplesExamples

• He has a spark of genius that distinguishes him from the other actors.形近词形近词

generous

genuine

jealousadj. 真实的 , 真正的 , 诚恳的adj. 妒嫉的


apparentlyapparently ad.ad.—— 1)1) according to what seems to be true according to what seems to be true 明显地明显地

2)2) actually actually 实际上实际上

ExamplesExamples

• Well, apparently she’s had enough of her major and she’s heading off to finance.

• She looks about 12 but apparently she’s 14.


condense v.— to reduce in size

ExamplesExamples

• You should rewrite your thesis and condense 120 pages into 50.

• All the suggestions put forward will be condensed into a single plan of action.

TranslateTranslate

蒸气接触到冷的表面而凝结成水珠。KeyKey

Steam condenses/is condensed into water when it touches a cold surface.


essence n.— the central or most important quality of a thing本质，精髓ExamplesExamples

• The essence of his argument was that education should continue throughout life.

• A sharp rise in income tax is the essence of the new policy.



essence n.— the central or most important quality of a thing

in essence— by nature; essentiallyExampleExample

• He is in essence a fighter, and enjoys competition.

派生词：派生词：essential adj. 必要的，必不可少的essentially adv. 主要地


ExamplesExamples

• Many parents find it hard to relate to their children when they are teenagers.

• She cannot relate to the idea of working with computers.

relate to

relate to — to understand and accept


ExamplesExamples

• Scientists will have to come up with new methods of increasing the world’s food supply.

• Many net service companies haven’t come up with an effective way to bring profits.

come up with — to think of (a plan, reply, etc.); produce



ExampleExample

• We expect to come up against a lot of opposition to the scheme.


come up against (sb./sth.)— to be faced with or apposed by sb./sth.



ExamplesExamples

• The water came up to my neck.• Their holiday in Korea didn’t come up to expectations.


come up to (sth.)— 1) to reach up as far as (a specified point)

2) to reach (an acceptable level or standard)


ExamplesExamples

• Temperatures have peaked at over 40 . ℃• At the peak of her career she startled us all with a

decision to retire.

peak — 1) v. to reach the highest point or level

2) n. the highest point or level

常见短语常见短语 reach a peak 达到顶峰 at the peak of… 在…顶峰时 in the peak season 旺季


ExamplesExamples

• Some understanding of grammar is fundamental to learning a language.

• We need to make fundamental changes to the way in which we treat our environment.

fundamental a. — forming the base, from which everything else originates; more important than anything else

TranslateTranslate

空气新鲜是身体健康之必需。KeyKey

Fresh air is fundamental to good health.


ExamplesExamples

• The proposals are expected to spark heated debate.• The writer’s aim was to spark the readers into action.

spark v. — to be the cause of; lead to

短语短语 a spark of

少量，一点点


ExamplesExamples

• Skill comes only with practice, patience and persistence.

• Most financial analysts didn’t foresee the persistence of the recession.

persistence n. — the ability of continuing in a course of action or way of

behaving



persistence n. — the ability of continuing in a course of action or way of

behaving

Try to GuessTry to Guess

Do you know the words — “insistence”, “resistance”?

KeyKey

persist

insist

resist

persistence

insistence

resistance


ExamplesExamples

• 我相当缺钱。

push for — to try very hard to achieve or get 迫切需要

I’m rather pushed for cash.


ExamplesExamples

• His ultimate goal as an athlete is to represent his country.

ultimate a. — being or happening at the end of a process or course of

action

六级真题六级真题• What the correspondent sent us is an news report.

We can depend on it.

A. evident B. authentic

C. ultimate D. immediate

BB


zoom v. — 1) to move quickly

2) (costs, sales etc.) increase suddenly and quickly

ExamplesExamples

• They got into the car and zoomed off.

这个公司的销售额从 110 万美元急剧上升到 1600 万美元。The The company’s sales sales ..


zoomed from $11 million to $160 million


zoom v. — 1) to move quickly

2) (costs, sales etc.) increase suddenly and quickly

Look at the tool bar from a software and try to guess what the circled icons mean.


groundbreaking a. — original and important; showing a new way of doing

or thinking about things

ExampleExample

• This groundbreaking work changed the way historians looked at slavery.

break groundbreak ground

开始新的事业，作出新的发现 He has broken new ground in this field.

类似构词类似构词record-breaking adj. 破纪录的


femto-chemistry a. — the study of chemical reactions using ultra-short bursts of laser light. (超微化学 )

千万亿分之一femto-


investigation n. — an act to try to find out more information about

ExamplesExamples

• The official has been notified that he is under investigation for corruption.

• The owner of the burnt building is subject to investigation.

investigate v. 调查，审查


probe v. — to search or examine

ExamplesExamples

• The more they probed into his background, the more suspicious they became.

• The article probes the mysteries of the sudden disappearance of dinosaurs.

TranslateTranslate

她想深入地了解他的思想，好知道他在想什么。KeyKey

She tried to probe his mind to find out what he was thinking.


alumnus n. 男毕业生 , 男校友— male former student of a school, college or university

More you want to knowMore you want to know

Singular Plural Sex

alumna alumnae or alumni

female

alumnus alumni male

Do you know what “alma mater” is?Key

university or school at which one was or is being taught


tumultuous a. — very noisy and disorderly

ExamplesExamples

• The champion received a tumultuous welcome from thousands of his fans.

• Delegates greeted the news with tumultuous applause.


bring in — to cause to come in; introduce

ExamplesExamples

• The new product has brought in $400,000 for the company this year.

• Up-to-date electronic devices have been brought in to control all the traffic lights of this city.



bring in —to cause to come in; introducebring about — to causebring forward — to raise for discussion

Complete the following sentences with the phrases above.Complete the following sentences with the phrases above.

bring up — to educate, look after

• Is there anything else which anyone wishes to bring ________ for us to discuss.

• The government brings ______ a new law to limit the number of foreign workers.

• What do you think brought _____ his sudden change?• Did you grandparents bring you _____ after your

parents’ death?

forward

in

aboutup


forefront n. — the most forward position; leading position

ExamplesExamples

• The pension issue was not at the forefront of his mind.

类似合成词类似合成词fore- 在前部的 , 以前的forehead, foreground( 前景 , 最显著的位置 )forecast (v./n. 预测 )


arena n. 竞技场，活动场所— a place of great activity, esp. of competition of fighting

ExamplesExamples

• Our university debate team has entered the arena for the champion.

ExamplesExamples

• a dance arena 舞场 • the political arena 政治舞台


tenure n. — 1) the right to keep a job until retirement 终身任职权

2) the act, fact, or condition of holding something in one’s possession 占有，任期ExamplesExamples

• She is one of the few lecturers granted tenure on the faculty.

• Example: During his tenure as CEO, the company lost 20% of his previous market.



prestigious a. with respect that results from good reputation 有声望的ExamplesExamples

• MIT is one of the best equipped and most prestigious universities in the world.

• This company is located in a very prestigious position in the best part of town.

prestige n. 威望，声望


turn out — to prove (eventually) to be

ExamplesExamples

• The discovery of how bronze is made was probably accidental, but it turned out to be an important event.

• The truth turned out to be stranger than we had expected.

TranslateTranslate

这工作结果比我们想的要难。KeyKey

The job turned out to be harder than we thought.


handful n. — a small number of people or things

ExamplesExamples

• There’s only a handful of doctors in the country who can do such an eye operation as this.

• All the influential figures had been invited to the party, but only a handful turned up.

类似构词类似构词• Mouthful • Houseful

……


Mediterranean climate— Caltech is located in Pasadena, California. This region is characterized by a climate with dry summers and warm, dry winters, which is typical of the Mediterranean climate.

Climate Classification


look forward to (+ n. / doing)— to expect with pleasure

ExamplesExamples

• Little Emily is looking forward to leaving the hospital wards for a holiday.

• I hate leaving my hometown, but I have been looking forward to this chance in my career for many years.

Make a sentence by using “look forward to”Make a sentence by using “look forward to”

??


breakthrough n. 突破— (the making of) an important advance or discovery

ExamplesExamples

• Scientists are hoping for a breakthrough in the search for a cure for the disease.

• A major breakthrough in negotiations was achieved a few hours ago.


to date — until today

ExamplesExamples

• They have been advertising in a local paper for a nurse-companion, but with no result to date.

• The police have not yet found the runaway to date.

同义短语同义短语up to now


The End The End

Documents

Unit Two