KKU. VeI. J. VoI. II No. I JANUARY - JUNE 2OOI 23

oJ.9de'mr 6h€?e nrr 6a sia sr drueafi usau tfi a E.coli fi ynrtua n n ntriau rd a

" tut{ ?iruutuil'tdgla nt tfl sl{nn{sr g aul[dufl?\:naufig1uil [ultl€l e

Survey of Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichn colilnfection Found in

Diarrheal Preweaning Piglets from Swine Farms in Khon Kaen Province

luror: uvfli'

fr.:nrryad ar:r:r'

Tanakran Nasril

,3rungKan baracnoo

f,ard'nd qiln:r'

ra:*4r 6rrnruud'

Niyomsak Uppatum2

,latesada Jiwakanon3

ruFr:tun 6':rnruuli',z

tJ:3R'11\t A\:nUfllU"lJ'

Netchanok Jiwakanon2

Prapaporn Tunqthanathanitl

. .. .r,-:. ,, - ,:eir.,,...,;:r f . . .

ullfl$lgo ,,,

rirarirsasqr::alnnndn:frasrfiudrsriouuriruu crnv'lri:lan:*ilnnrf to v'lriu "lurtn

v v '1 G ,..\,-.:,.5..:-..-:/-..--.-".^4- '-. t- ---:-t-:- ^^r: ^^",^X^.,^offo^, r *fiaq{fi?FllJOUtt?lUtllltllUt.i'lVl9l?;iirUtljU-)t"lUplf l l-ePlEiri r"rJPl\tTU nsLuerLclJtU CuLi vtg-ri iti ili"i{ti1j}i J ruvii^ q

'q 6 d 4 'Y

fi fr I ru'[d^[ur,,]ril *n yrtnsr nrrl airtyYud:vr.r'irs r:l o i rf u sinr:6 o arri'l::J ttul nt:d'nnr:l',lril

nr:6n:Ernti it\& n.cotiz0B InTafifirylryirunld'qrnd'rodr{acc:nv 231ri'radrt ua-{qrndrxtrflnflot-J

nilsr TLimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Amoxycilhn, Norfloxacin, Gentamyctn *av Cohstln, lngld'

Srandardized disc diffuslon resr ylyirrilofr6usinr:6iorrrflu 83.1,83.1,33.6,29.3 uav 0 ntrcl'lniu "Lunr:finvrnm:rd'lyliud:yr,t'ir'rnr:6'asrnir:tJttrlnr:6'nnl:ilri:lnll'il v'lrilfildl:t rSou

naoarrLUtruncyfir:Joirfusinr:daar (Norfloxacin, Tlimethoprim/ SulJamethoxazole, Gentamycin)

qsn'Jr (p<0.01) v{rilfildl:sriaurraloprrurl:?:r cirviirrv'{rilffflnrr"ld'r'rfrruaaf,v'izuax.rarrn:c;fi. A , 6 ;1 'qvruiaiidunnr:6arioarrirulafivr4nri'r (ani{u cohstin) 4sn'jr (p<0.0t) v,lri:rfi1l1d'uroiruqnfrilzua}.1

&orur: xranalnu?\u'jt'lrirufii"i'lr,,lfirnnondn:a;ffrilai16uainr:6'ariosrriruqnfinflnd'r (unr{u

coListin) ntn'jr (p<0.0s)vlrilfi1"i'1,l,rfrnonqnqn: apfld"jr16o E. colifin.r6irirr'.r ti*etrroprirn

/ Sulfamethoxazole rrnv Amoxycihn tu:yrirasunyriloit6uoint:fiotrfrnrtrfrivl'udfi'l:rlttllnr:

d'nnl:1,'lritt: -rrn,ld,lnfu : il'r:oitrj'taluant?\ o LnLn vlo\:tflu nndn:

xey*o.-d" : antimicrobral resistanc e, Escbericbia ceii, diarrhea, piglets

nrnitrnar66rivur nru:d'nt uvriagrnni rvrinutd'trtouudu 40002

Department of Pathobiologry ,Faculty oi Veterinary Medicine, IClon Kaen Univelsity, Khon Kaen, 40002

qutlia''trua:tluqo:knd'Er{nrnn;iuoanrflr':uvfia or.vlrvrr; ejrinarfios trol.Juriu 40260

Northeast Regrional Veterinaty Research and Diagnostic Center, Thapra, Khon Kaen, 40260.

Rrni:rrarsrnrani nru:d'nrufl vrrJnrani rtvriruraiuloui!.i! 40002

DepaJtment of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kron Kaen Universlty, Ifton Kaen. 40002.

nrnigraS:inur nru:d'orunvsfl rdsri rurirarn"tla! uritl 40002

Departmeni of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, I(hon Kaen University, ICron Kaen, 40002.

24 ?1?6l1rfrn?rlryttlf,lfln5 ffi. fld 11 o:iufi t ilnmnil - fiaursu zs++

Fecal samples of diarrheal preweamng pigiets from 10 commerclal swine farms

were collected to determine the percent resistance of. Escberichia coli to 5 commonly used

antmicrobials. This research was done in order to study the relation between the percentage

of antimicrobial resistance and the patterns of farm management. A total of 208 E.coli colonies

isolated from23l feces samples were tested against Tlimethoprim/SulJamethoxazole, Amoxycrllin,

Norfloxacin, Gentamycin and Colistin using a standardized disc drffusion test. The percentage

of resistance to the antimicrobials were 83.1, 83.1, 33.6, 29.3 and 0 respectively. It was found

that farms using isolated farowing barns had higher (p<0.01) percent reslstance to Norfloxacin,

Thimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Gentamycin than those using mixed farrowing barns.

The farms using antimicrobial mixed feeding had higher (p<0.01) percent resistance to all

antimicrobials, except Coilstin, than those usrng antimlcrobial free feeding. The farms

using electrical heater for warming piglets had higher (p<0.05) percent resistance to all

antimicrobials, except Colistin, than those usrng gas heater. This study concluded thal E.coli

had high leve1 of resistance to Tlimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Gentamycin a:rd Amoxycillin,

and there were relations between the patterns of farm management and the antrmicrobial

resistance.

nl:flQ tfiu?a.iQnqn:ne'i uoirinFldoaf ifizirur uJunmla4 rdafidrd'rylullriran:r4o urir,.ruri,j

vw'lrnn4n:finnonfi8an airuru 15 - 30 uJoir6uai nrariauo'u'tri s d'ilord uayannn:airuruqq9g9

-9,-4";,j6),xJutnoLa:{14u.lFl'luR'luLus?'ldilallitt:nufl\naan (Gaskins and Kelley, 1995) arnrnatud'trilnfi.ge^ q ,vl'lifitnan?llldrutd-unTLqndn?Luu?'inouuriluxl (Vaillancourt and Thbbs, 1gg2) nl,jrarnr:fi'a.r

.4 q -j s - q "tdutliud'ltl.4etfreirriryto':nl:Fnu?o'ionqn:ludr.rfi (Christensen and Svensmark, 1gg7; Cutler et2:-. . v -J"qeal., 1992) rfiofiuluarunqeird'atfivirlri'onan:dauurjrurufi'osifiu fifi'nniud nro Escbericbia

coli, Clostridium perfringens, Enterococct.{s durang Isospora szzls, Tlansmlssible

gastroenteritis (TGE) virus ttny Rotavirus (Ge1berg, 1gB9; Hall, 19Bg; Hill, 19Bg; Hoeflng, 1989;

Lindsay, 1989 ; Cheon and Chae, 1996) lu'ff,u3't1r?o$nlilyrlror?0.i1:n n{ofirTnvw'jrrfluaruun

fivirlri'qnqn:nail3l1rya.itdu finilrifirTan da a" coli *az Coccid.ia spp. airu Clostriciium

perfringens uav tansmissible gastroenteritis virus rfluarir,rqnhd'qfivirtri'qn:fiorrfisluursf(ufi

rvjTiu (Cutler et a1., 1992)

KKU. Vet. J. Vol. I I No. I JANUARY - JUNE 2001 25

vila n. coli tflua:,tfie)?o\:o'rn1:fr'osrRa"luqnqn:fivrildr,i'r}J"Luv'lriurd'atan:luil:;turt.' e ' q'; '- n?Lnxrrrnyflo.rrYul:nri'uodrtnirtm'rtaeir.il:fisruL?t u u1 Fl''tua n"dyl'du a Br.i "i fl n Lt tv'l o n1:: n l91) 2

" * -

yerfla{crnLdo E. coli 6oriourd'ru1nfir.,qld'adr.::?oriril1n (Mackinnon, 1998) $avalnua1u:1u.atu

luflscfuv'{ri'jr:yohrnr:1d'uroiru1n8r.t (Duntop et al., 1998b; Mathew et a1., 1998; sunde et a1.,

1998; Marhew er al., 1999) :rilfr.:n?.lilnnd'us'rnflnrvrurnd'o:rrirsl"Luv,lriu (Dunlop et al., 1998a;

Moro er al., l99B) fir,nvfr"Lr,ln r:vlTr,uu rnrrdoartosrfraufrokiuirt'u oiszuntr.[rila e. ,oli dodatr6'ru

qn8nrnnrroi'rfil"i'nluoqluv'lri:rufrrdurioul unviiluzun"Lr,{rflonrrrd'rur,rar"lunr:ldurufron r:ins'r

Fr'ru Fr ?.r r.rio rl ot ri'ul: n

nr:fin:Er"Luntrfl ufiod'o.rnr:nrriloiifiusinr:dolrro.rriio e. colinautfttulnfinfirTntd'

tuv{ri:rqn: unyfinsrfi.l6lrBylaro.:nr:qionr:r,'lrilfrfirjodn:rnr:6osrlo.ru6'a E. cctlilur,'lri:ran:q-Lu rlFtq{u?nljau ttnil

tdAdoiln5iluav?fifll:q

finrErqrny,lri:ran:riorrrir,lud lurn BO - 800 ttri airuru 10 r''lri:r lflur."lrilrds.ldn:ac9

r8s:,rrrirrjuL:JFr:L?.iq: (zu6nan:rdorurru) 4nv,lri:rrnrlrulqn4n:frorq:vu'jrs 21. - 28 iu rrrj.l

y{ririaonrflunaiilnrunh:sruylo.inr:e-ernr:rirunr:rfistfitinnrittriurilu 3 t.J:vtnr 6o ahryruv

I:sriaunnoa urrlrrun*n;*ull:?xl ("rrln" uurrf,sT:.rrSounnonfrfitqvrrvurian::anaor,ttnrifi's.l

nn fi q l,,lrilun; ":rl" ulrafisl:.rr6ounaonfirfisrrrrjan:dlvi'osl{rira fi O r,,lrjl) ::nilnr:"Ldtr{cl

ri1usafiflzuaxrorllr: uLLlritdururayururldrr ("1il1d'" urrsfit lrifinr:zuarsrpiruanfiv!"luo'n4'r:9'q

4n:"luvirdu rniiuilrstirrfulfiflar-;:yrrnra{:n fl g ",'iri:r unv "1*- itrraflsfin'r:2n:rrrfrru

qafifltuorur:*rion:dlvior *rian:rduoan rrnuo'r41:flnan:1u::ririnrsrl:prorirfluil:vairunv{cqgg$ct

uarssfrnrfran?un:Jnl::yrrnsarl:nrl:y.l'rfru fi zr^tri:r) rravl6nr:"Ldnrrrsounntfrotr.i'nmuar

Quqnqn:*:nnaan urrtdly{fitrnyuurtd'},'lufra ild'lrar1r fi e v'lri:r uavld'1r,{ufla fi 2 v,lri}r), ; ,.(9r-r:'r.ivt 1)

rfian iffr n-rorir.rqrn n:0nfifi nn nn:viot rfis"Ludrsriouurirl:rlu *rin rv'lri:r lnunr:6i:ruq9

airuru z n:ana"ruirnr:rfird':a:ir.roqar:yrr:lntda E.coli ltnvairu?u 10 F]:on6i'r1.45lnr:ifilrr-r

orir.laacr:vr:rado coccidia n-,r,fiurirrr-rsosqr:vrfior:rctdo E.cctlil"fii:inlurir6flruoaql:i

crndo.iilrl:viulnzotnrran:c'ruru3-4frrrion:onrfirnhodrrhirYudrfifr:lrLosarrvli"lugq

fiaoetilnno\:fifirirrnda (normal saline) rfra:lo.rnluassr:y$#'iuntiloe.lrrirnisri'os:Jfrrifrnr: rfra: q rr r ; & 6t v ;n:tqutifronraLu4 5SrLl-l lfiug,t?au1.toqa1:Jfl.it4x]glavqnillnl:rv'r1vtrflnr%oLu?urqu?nuvt

rfir sr-r a rirr *dr rfiu1nlaflr o r rt{ol{rfr ovirnr:vrn a or nrruh ria ar d'ruc n6r,rtun:1r t6 urfi'ut

;X6G4&d?uR1: rnL Fr? o u'r{ ry'{o Fr:?qfi1ruo coccrdia arvirnr: tfiloaat-; n n dn:fr'o{ ifi usrnfrunon

26 ?r:6l'nffmuilyrrlrrldn{ ilfl. flfi 11 oriufi t iln:1nil - finursu zs44q

q''ruru 2 - 3 iltaurrsion:an ,irurufriR'u 10 nr:onrioy,lrfu tdl{lufiaonilnno{rurnrfin {i.r

' 6l .! q

- e\ tv c Q q qY,f 6 v r \,a?0u'l.id?1.tL146rJayvl''ln1:n??afilttoR'tu[u?utFlu?nu n1[xlflunqynllclu?unqLLLnutnun?ou't{L?

rarufiRx] 4 o'iFlltga Ltud

;, o , a i<n']:1{vl 1 [rd9l.i:luavtouFtljo{?\']i}tiltnu9}?ou'l'i

ylriru fi'nuarsl:{rioufloopr nr:tdurruaruormr: ufiorornlr{nnnnon:I

0tu?119t?0u'l.l000Dvq

A

DU

C

D

F

F

Li

H

I

K

L!UR

t?11

LtUN

i?ilttun

Iun

t?3.1

:111

:?x.t

i?3.1

LT

td'qvtlJ

t%

quLlJ

id'

Lr.J [S

2 'qvLx.r ls

L:"J L%

LT

zo

ZO

zo

21.

21,

21,

21.

21

21

21

lr tfir

hrlr1*flr

},thilr

Iv'hilr

lv{fir

lv'trlr

lr,"tfir

rifla

rufla

14111?Jt149l : ILPJn

t?3.t =qtL?'

t}.lLt =

ln:ilT =

irfla =

L:.$ t:ou n fl o ail :t tal\] v ttSJ dnT:o n n o f,l tta v tn u{ fl Ragr ^ -J*l:s riaunaonfi rd:rs urinn:dur,los:uri'r urian::onaan uav i6EJsan9qqgdr^61fi nr : zu a ru sr d'r ua ofi v!1u or fi r : irri a n :dufias u:"i a n : rn- a r a n $ a y o'r41 r n nqqclsg

a n :tu : s niil fn rErI: n o d rfl u il : vair u n v vt a1 u t fi er99

1rifi nr:zu alar d'ruc afi illuorur:an:luv'lrinq9

td'r,t a o nlv"hlT nn fl n d Rr99

td'Iv,'l ufrann an an:gs

rf;io6":ocirsanaisruT fl.rri'arrJflrifinr: qvtv'nytdoqrnn-roairtqaarrvtu Lactose ltlacConkey

agar (DIFCot) ura;:jlr5i'01{viqrur,r4fr 37 o.afl1rrarilua tg-z+rirTlr lu{uriourarajurdan1nTafivifi

nhuruvrflu E.colilinTnfiAtr4uro) ,-rrri.oav 1 TnTafi rfronoaord'n"*rrlsfir,^fiunvnr:rios

aararfior16oorrrrs d'rosirslorfig E.colirn"rtnnfilillri'nr:dounaratfiort6oorito.t*avtfioriilri'nr:ciou

aarsrfror16oor$n'r qy6'nrdanlnlnfirdorir}Jvrnaarnrulrsiourriruqasilvt".$ z ritn

nrslu 40 Iu fi a-rqrn rff uel-r aux E. c ol i uri avTnrTafi fi r6onl{ arqndurr naalrnuhriourriruqnfin Inul"i'rtunOrO disc dittusion test (Bauer et al.. 1966) lunr:vro'aou qvld'nrol

! f f - & Q g !e , dt(wile loop) rf,aLnlaflrorifionslunaan*rirfifi sierile normal saline 5 fra66n: udruonJrrtejr

d,\v , , - Y6l.ro ^o' ' -le' 6l

qun:yil'rLFtnrurrllrlu 0.5 McFarland sLandard uai.ialnuu[tdrailuUnruLillila{Lu14noFl

KKU. Vel. J. Vol. ll No. I JANUARY - JUNE 2001

frntri'raurn udrrjrlrflrua.tluq'ruo'r1n:rdasrfi.afifi Mueller-Hinton agar (NCCLS, 1997) rrd'r6'l

rr.rur]uan (antiblotic discs) ns1il ilnpi'roejr{qynndoild'?EJUrfrru1nfir.r 5 tfrpr 6a Colistin,

Norfloxacin, Amoxyciilin, Thmethoprim/SulJamethoxazole, LLflv Gentamycin (Oxiod @) rjlJrfia1i

fiorur.lnfr 37 osnrrrnrfiaarflur.:nr f6-18 rirllr drr:tifiroll11Fl?o\:R1:aonqvrfiloslrriardo

",ttt:rfiorrsinyLnLnfis:An:rEJ.:runrrruhsioulriruqnfivltflorirrl rilu susceptible, intermediate

resistani u^r r"rlrruntnsuodnlsouLflFtnl:aonqvrBrilftnr:ra3ryrfillntaotdo nr:ltoaolvrngold'

tda E. c o tior rnn{ ercc )sszz rilu rir nrl q I rr6'trr url ai rfi u sinr: do sr

ulFrx'xJdixrfiud:yr.r'ir.r:rjrruun.'.d'rn',-rnlri:rfrunnritstiu 3 tJ:vmtl (nhuru:nl:1d1:sriau

:;olunl:ldlrpirucnfiy! *nynr:16'nrrrfounnnnnn:) nllnr:6ou'toitucafiflririnvnitolrda E.coli

ld'nr:rs z x z Tpretld1il:un:r Epi Info version OTprsl{nr:lrnaoilniaurnrf uas llsher's Exact&

test fi'tltluzuanr:naEJrrnjrrflu Z:yri'l 6a susceptible nll total resistant dorarjlzua intermediate

resistant ur:r:tflizunfrrilu resrstant vr"{drnar:6utir intermediate resistant t:Junr:dasr:vrYl

l4il.i?O\:tt0)

,''',HAf)15nfl 60tl''.1 i'

qrn.iruruTFllnflras E.coli z0B Inr1aflfi*unl6'qlnrYradr{oqqr:v 23r rirorirtvi

ej.:n:ra "Lr.i'zua6oqast Norfloxacin 33.6 rrioir6uri Amoxycillin 83.1 rrjoirfiupi Tlimettroprim/

Sutfamerhoxazote 83.1 uloirfiusi $ny Gentamycln 29.33 rrJoirfiusi *nvlrifrTnr1nfrlnlri'zunriada

u1 CoLstin (nt:rtvt 2)

srn Frr:rsfi 3 r:-Jiul rfi al rrj oi r6u sinr:6'o ur ttriavtfr orri'Lflcc-ur"lriufr $nn rirtn-u

(n-n:gru;nr:1d1:srSauuri'lurnnir:rr nr:l"i'frilrjldrrzunrarnr: unvnr:"Ldlr^lrrffairn;}4firnn

qnqn:) nl'jr anr{u Colisrin *n: Amoxycillin tw'jrtrJair6uainr:6aarso.:td'o E.coli fin':u

d'uyl"'uii (p<0.01) rirnhrgruyl:.rrSounaon loslw'jr ilT irvildI:ttiaunaoqidrsuriqn::onnan' : id "

3rrn;trrtqn:rausqn arflnloiisusrnr:nasrsartfio E.coli qtn'jr F<0.01) rttilOretasrrrlqn:

dnfrar:rlniutuT:r iSounaoori':a u^rn.'-dor,',tos rdo F).coli riourpiruqafir.r4nrir (sn i{u

cotistin) finrrl#lrniuij (p.o.os) rir:rnirnr:ldurpiruqnfinzuauorur:luv'irir*nvsfroso.r},innrfria"lr.Xnrruarejunnd.]r lorsvrrjr l,,lrirfifinr:l{urpirucafine.Jfl:.ro'rtl'ricrfirilaii6uainr:dosrriru

^:qnfiflsosufro E.colintn'jr (p<0.0t) r,,lrir:filrjfrnr:kirr6'rucnfinzuaxrorur:utnvv,lrilfit"i'}^h:{rnn

nn4n:a;frurJoiufiusinr:6arrsastda E.coliatn'jr (p<0.05) v'lrilfrld'rtflannnnan:

27

28 m:cr:finlnrnsmcnS ile. flfi tt ailufr I ilnr1nl - fiqursil

nr:r{fi 2 LLdol.it{antrvrndounrrrihriotlr6'ru.qafiyl s tfror torrdo E.coli .iruluvr".ryun

208 st-radrsarnueinyy'lriilfifinrsr e

Colistin Norfloxacin Amoxycilin Trimethoprim/ GentamycinSulfamethoxazoleylrilr

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

K

22

25

29

20

20

17

t'7

2T

1'1

1'7

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4

18

23

t4

3

9

t2

15

18

9

18 5

52324l16240746601'1 4

t7 1

2352'1 2

19218 1

t7 1

14214911 7

134

0210200270180190160170120 1t

112

150790169218t4 151604917

150420 10180016 10

:?lt zob 125 13 I 173 t4t 61

njofrdud e8.6 1.4 60.1 6.3 33.6 15.9 0.96 83.2 16.4 0.48 83.2 67.8 2.9 29.33

uillaruer : S = qiurugt-roeirrfi}i'runhdosrfil"i'vrnaat

I : qhuru ei'r o rirtfi tri'zu n 6iarirun n1{ eio il'rdld'u or aor

R = clruru n-r a eir.rvilfi'zu n rio rio uriild'vr or a a:-r

nr:r{fi 3 rrjoir6uainr:6i'osrso.rrfi'or'.col;qrn6'radrrfrnornouui.ruannrilflqq:u?,iri:ifrusrnrirrii'u

ansorsnr:1fT:s16ou

tlt fl :xtJ

nr:1#srnroruorfi-r:

lf' 1lfl#

ufior'lv,lnnqngn:

uff'a b{flriirurud'rodx'

Colistin

Norfloxacin

Amoxycilin

Trimethoprim/

Sulfamethoxazole

Gentamycin

1133512088 150 58

55.68d

89.11

9332d

M"32"

2.5

2933d

80.0

75.83d

23.33"

46.67"

89.33"

89.33d

4133d

5.1'7

22.41"

70"69"

68.91d

9.62d

2.86

22.g6b

6g.57b

68.57b

2.96d

1.16

4335b

g1 .zgb

g6.71b

3g" 15d

14111U[149] r ? =q,r"ruruTn1nfl1)6s E.coli firfionlr t-z lnTnfi oion-rodrr qlnd'xori1{

oaal:vvt.ifi xl ovll-t't [lJ tv'r'l v tldo

b =p<0"05, c:p<0.01 ttn: d=p<0.001

KKU. Vet. J. Vol. ll No. I JANUARY - JUNE 2001

alnr!nRl:fin:elnrifiourlunr:\fi nyjrifi'o E.coli 6'asiasr Timethoprim/Sulfame

rhoxazole rr^y Amo>rycilln lrnfrao 6a 83.1 r:loir6usirvirriu dsaonnfro{nille.Jnalnnr:fin:*r6u1

(Nitsten et a1., 1993; Nilsten et al., 1994; Nristen et al., 1996; Teshager et a1., 2000; van Den

Bogaard et aI.,2000) nr:dasrfrrffor"udrjrsvifrns'rnnr:drulroprrdofrfinr:daurqrnttriqn:qjqn; -

qe L6l a 6 ; t frfiascrnfinr:ld'lrn''r nos:ufrnfi do *a; zu duoru'r:vft [u nn: [n uava n: tn n ttloSn:s'r tun;nrrt ql L:0

frosrfilrrn:I:efrordodurlur,dri:rfrorionTurLrtilutrnrutu (Agerso eL al.. 1998: Markowska-Daniel

ard Pejsak, 1999; Websrer, 1990) dsu,rnzund'sndrraonnfrosriuzuafretrd'ruqn6r,r4ntfrnfiupraoil':rio

colistin ufla{srnleifinr:ld'trtfrndinrgrl:nfror rfrsluan::nlriuru:in unvrinl"fiam,l3ozuararur:-'

rfioinrs.rl:Frvio.rrfiu"luqnqn:rfilrorir.rrdsrrvirriu ua:dntunzuarndsfi6osr Colistin fiqr,r;flitir

n?lxl:urr:.ilJrsarirrzorrdo rriu nmrarrr:n"Lunr:nnnvnautffnt6anrtnstootda a.roti:Jrsd'tu

rrlurifirhnol:n (K BB) rrnn'irrr:rfrndufild'uoaorlun:-td (Sogaard and Larsen, 1983; Sogaard et

a1.. 1983) airuurjoirfiusinr:dot-r Gentamvcin uav Norfloxu"rn loodo E.coli wtf,v 29.33 ttny

33.6 u:Joir6usi nr:reilril s'rrTsodlu:yrirfikidt:nnu-n *nvaonndasri'lzuanr::rutrufrairu:r

(Takahashi et a1., 1990; Duntop er at., 1998ai u*iirsvnnr:td'uru"taostfrndlunr::hr*r1:nrirsl

ocirrnir.irrtmud'rffnr:r orqrilullnri'jTfinr:"16r.r Norfloxacin "lul,lrfuqn:1riu'rurin rrnvhifiu:.t

ldzunruluorr,rr:qn:Tn tnruan',ran:rniauur.r:uq firrtv,hiru'ru"ufild'zualarfir:nnani aitullnrlar

ld'lunr::-nrgr1pradnlll#srdrj'larf]u:rrpir u:rurdrrnlr Gentamycin d.ru:i'irtfluurfrnnldrrtiluura'r;qt" Y

u11-J rrn tiluu't11 L:dd'11.i:tJaFl tvl'luu

ruii'irnr:finure:"{dr6onTaTnfi rrlionourfir.r t-z lnrlaflarnrYradrsacql:vdndRi; X ' q v '^j.? ,, T --=--.--^,ylo.rrRsi frn:rqflLrfro E.coli dwrsairuarqtflu E.ct,,ll nrufru{frknot:n utdnt:fin:crfitiruur 16'

t{lr.{rriuf,rnrrld':rnTud"lunr:rit:rronn-nsruvnr:dorrto.rtfi'o E.coti::tt'ilsaravliudfiriol:oruavhi,s-;,d-jr"f'qqus-qAvaA,l

rioL:n r-ra::J'jraraniudfr LririoL:o ilrc;riJu:lca'seirn'ArLunrr6olrtatartWuQvtnot:n (Sunde et

ur, ,nnr, d,o,i,rtrnl-;nrsrl:n {slilnr:rdontdrrrriruiafinfisr da p.cotifilroaou6'oriaa'r

lunr:finrErdqlan6iilnr:d'nnr:1,{rirduprnrirtn-u rfiodrrururnrrrtai:rvliudrirrunnl:tlFrdaLr *' r ,?' " , ;vntrlhnat rnrucnfrv\"to.irto 7.6t Ii til lailrnt:ilon0.irujLFr?tail:Jaauunru0u't'ivld'lu:Jf^lnn0- & " * -i, , ' -6t "qe^ : 2 - Y -r't,nr:firulrnt:oogrto.t tfro 6sors a.: zu at?xrnil turr tu tflo nrifia Ln? 0.r rta n {uu p.rnlr Lrtalnnri

-*-6d&'q':fr'nr+1fl6r rilu rrlsrnr::'t lsru zu nnredaEJr $L.i Frr3rflcd'trnr:d'nnr:l"hi:llxoeitsfr arlr:n tttnn?lll

ru n n si r s riukid'o rc u"Lu r"l r i il fr vf r n r : fi n sr vr'.r r.l l o rvi tiuernnr:fin:*rdairu:nyw'irfifiaruflsi'Erfinr:ir:neitzualri'ltio E.coti luan:6oriosrriru

^&-.aflr?{xlln?u rru :ynlln1:ldurtuy,lril flq{uff6i.rzuallinnan:tn5ilq $avaltldR: ,fufi, (Dualop

et a1., 1998b; Mathew et al., 1998; Moro et al., 1998; SrnOn et a1., 1998; Mathevu et al., 1999;

Moro et al., 2000) ernzunnr:fin:i.r1uFri{dflil'jr sr Norfloxacin, Tlimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole,

29

30 _ rficr:finluuvunrcari ils. flfi tt ofufi t iln:rnil - fiqursu zsq+

uav Gentamycin fir:Joir6usinr:6'ourrorrda a."oli dstuT:.rriounaoom-iuttun Hrnn'jrluq

T:'sLSounaaeruurJ:?l (p<0.01) rn"{fiqrn$urnmlfinlnenfir}J vru'ir4n:oruilrnqvfirdo n.colt frttx

Fll'rilnaur6{nmon:aru#ou (Mathew et a1., 1998 ; Mathew et ai., 1999) uasnr:rd'sran:o1tl: r 6l ' ! & lv g .i q

rrn:rrri'r an:orufiouqs rfru [onr n'[unr: uan uil6uud''nsruvrotnr:dourro.t tfia Ld'rrnt-u t-sluq9

n:rf,nor zu anr:f,nr*rn{rd firir{srnnr:dnrsrii riru:rrorsofiur uloi'jr rdo{crnnr:a-ornr:6u1

tuv{rilfi unn sirrnlu rtiu n1:n ua an dn:lrihi'rfr n nrrru rnia o ds tflu ar iusreir n'artos nr: rfru'- u s { q v

q^A-i6Yqnfr oi'ruvrrulu nr:fr n rfroros an a n: uSanr: atrfrrr n frt lfluriu noulunr: a nnr:ilu tijau un r{ggs

nr:ayarrdotuT:tr5ou riluoiu (r-rhiaur:arjurtd'irrjtnajlloioeirtd'ruqun-.ifin6imlrirdrrirsoiu)6 u uAd .j^ vl

rilurlq{uvrr.r zuail1nnt-rInvunil.i ti nfi tflaqlnn?1].t ttnnnl.in1unl:an Ll.i t:ouna09l

, , 6 ;a 61 , , d q q y & Anaiur,,'lriufrfinr:1drr6'rucafrilzuail1uarltr:Lu:vn'rn{ cvx.ton:rnr:6ourlo'itfa E.coli

riast Gentamycin, TlimethoprlmZSrUumetfro"azole, Amoxy.*n, u^, Norfloxacin atnir (p<0.01)

r . a -il,g q, A i ' d v ^ - -!

nnxty{'t1x]14L3.l3.tnr1Ltu'tildx.Ja1u1?dnt t.ia1nn1tflnB1lizu'ru}.r1nv{uanv6uvn?lildx.rv'rufitt:JUtf}u?nuuqq

(Dunlop er al., 1998b; lVlathew er a1., 1998; Sunde et a1., 1998) fi:rusru'jrnr:1d'Norfloxacin

zunuluarur:nn:aur:nrixlfr a.coliu'r'id'ru?riuiifrrJnfrrdrrqi6urfirTnlueirld'hikirfra{qrnnnairri'rl9ug

qrnrd'o E.coli aravliurjiiul viorrrhoqjturirld'nrur:nraiqrfidnloi (Nielsen and schlundt, 1992)

{i{flqd'Erlu"fiodrflu6is eirn"rylunr:rrrrnrrlosnTul:nfr'o'r rfiusrn ldorirtltuv'lrirtufla'iliu rfro.rqrn

:rrrnr:rdziran:fruuruiluuavfinrrrrulnisnrrndu rfrofrqvnruniln1?$dor{ornr:tatl:nq9

airiflu6'otfinr:ld'arzuarorur:an:riJuryuyr'rfl''ruru d'.rriuuurTriunr:dourrdorcrnfinr:td'u'rr.rdr.rav&

a1u1r Lul y Fru d{u1q y}.1:J1n?ug

el'r rn fr nr:1d1v{rXr n n 4 n anafi fi zu atllnr:6'o ur Gentamycin, Tlimethoprim/{q

Sulfamethoxazole, Amoxycillin, ttav Norfloxacin to.rrda E.coli riaar qsn'jr (p<0.05)

nr:ld'lv{uflannanan:utu ilil'ilriaelnnr:finsrn*rdnd'rsri'rzuaqrnnr:finvr?o.i Moro rnu9q

nruy, 1998 dr:rss'ru'jrrf,ioanan:#rriari'uornrrtuurrsvfid'n:rnr:6'arjaslrriruqndvltfr0rdurfi'us99

nfuuf,iooeilunnrrnrfroreiu rfrllrntiuadrrfiuludrri'ru (Moro et al.. 1998) olqoBrralpi'irnr:'ld'!9

lviufiannnndR?qudlrlrrntr,i,nrrruoreiuurinnon:kilrnn'irnr:td'lv{firnnanan: orir.rl:ffnrl9qtucqc

q - ) q_ \9'L S 6] 6? ! e6 dt e v

Lunr:a anrl rvro tu an an:]riir nru oreiurilcyduo riri'rnr: rorlql6io uaflo.i ti'u6'a.r rilu eir druu,i9sss

KKU. Vet. J. Vol. ll No. I JANUARY - JUNE 2001

'i r':j::'jt:::':

.^ :i"'' r;." -9l ,-A* 'r:'"toRfl't:oliloil

Agerso, H., Friis, C., and F{augegaard, J. i998. Water medication of a swine herd

with amoxycilln. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. 21(3) : 199-202-

Bauer, A. W., Kirby, W. M., Sherris, J. C., and T\irck, M. 1966. Antriciotic susceptibilrty

tesring by a srandardized shgle disk method. Am. J. clin. Pathol. a5A) .493-496.

Cheon, D. S., and Chae, C. 1996. Outbreak of drarrhea associated wfih Enterococcus

dttrans in plglets. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. B(1) : 123-1'24.

Christensen, J., and Svensmark, B. 1997. Evaluatton of producer-recorded causes of

preweanrng mortality in Danish sow herds. Prev. Vet. Med. 32(3-4) : 155-164.

Cutler, R. S., Fahy, V. A., and Spicer, E. M. 1992. Preweanlng mortality. In : Diseases of swine

7'h editlon. A. D. Leman, B. E. Straw, W. L. Mengehng, S. D. Allaire, and D. J. Taylor

(eds.). Ames : Iowa State Univ Press. pp. 847-860.

Dunlop, R. H., McEwen, S. A., Meek, A. H., Black, W. D., Friendshlp, R. M., and Clarke' R. C.

1998 a. Prevalences of resistance to seven antimicrobials among f.ecaI Eschericbia

coli of swine on thlrty-four farrow-to finish farms in Ontario, Canada. Prev. Vet.

Med. 34(4) :265-282.

Dunlop, R. Fi., McEwen, S. A., Meek, A. H., Ciarke, R, C., Black, W. D., and Frtendship' R. M.

1998b. Assocratrons among antrmicrobiai drug treatmenls anci anttntcrobial

resistance of fecal Escbericbia coli of swine on 34 farrow-to-finish farms in Ontario,

Canada. Prev. Vet .Med. 34(4) : 283-305.

Gaslans, H. R., and Kelley, K. W. 1995. Immunology and neonatal mortality. In : The

neonatal pig development and survlval. M. A. Varley (ed.). CAB Internatlonal. pp.

39,55.

GelJrerg, I{ 1989. Porcine rotavirus and the probiems it causes. Vet. Med. B4(4) : 449 452

Hall, W. 1989. A review of colibacillosis in neonatal swine. Vet. Med. B4(4) . 428-431.

Hrj-l, Fi. T. 1989. Preventlng epizootic TGE fiom becoming enzootic TGE. Vet. Med. 84 (4) :

432-436.

Hoefing, D. C. 1989. Recogrnizing dianhea caused lry Clostridium perfringens type C.

Vet. Med. B4(4) : 437-M2.

31

32 llicnr#enuflilufi16lq{ il$. flfi 11 o:iuii t tlflt1nil - fiquruu zs++

Mackinnon, J. D. 1998. Enteritis in the young pig caused l:y Escbe4cbia coli. Pig J'

41 : 227-255.

Markowska-Daniel, I., and Pejsak, Z. 1999. Efficacy of a combination of amoxicillln and

clavulanic acid in the treatment of pneumonia of plgs. DTW Dtsch Tlerarztl

Wochenschr. 106(12) : 51'8-522.

Mathew, A. G., Saxton, A. M., Upchurch, W. G., and Chattin, S. E. 1999. Multiple antibiotic

resistance pattems of Escbericbia coli isolates from swine farms. Appl- Envir.

on Microbiol 65(6) :2770-2772-

Mathew, A. G., Upchurch, w. G., and chattin, s. E. 1998. Incidence of antiblotic resistance in

fecal Eschericbia coll isolated from commerclal swine farms" J. Anim. Sci .76(2) :

429-434.

Moro, M. H., Beran, G. W., Griffith, R. W., and Hoffman, L. J. 2000. Effects of heat stress

on the antimicrobiai drug resistance of Escbericbia coli of the intestinal flora

of swtne. J. Appl. IMicrobiol. BB (5) : 836-844.

Moro, M. H., Beran, G. W., Hoffman, L. J., and Griffith, R. W. 1998" Effects of cold stless on

the antimicrobial drug resistance of Escbericbia coli of the intestinal flora of swine.

Lett. Appl. Microbiol 27(5) :251'-254.

NCCLS. Igg7. Performance Standards fol Antimicroblal Disk Susceptibility Tests-Slx.th

Editiou Approved Standard. NCCLs document N42-A6 (ISBN 1-56238-308-6)NCCLS.

Pennsylvania. pp. 5-8.

Nielsen, E. M., and Sctrlundt, J. 1992. Use of norfloxacin to study colonization ability of

Escbericbia coli in in vivo and in vitro models of the porcine $rt. Antimicrob.

Agents Chemother. 36(2) : 401"-407 '

Nijsten, R., London, N., van den Bogaard, A., and Stobberingh, E. 1993. Antibiotic tesistance

of Enterobacteriaceae isolated ftom the faecal flora of fattening pigs. Vet. O.

15(4) : 152-1'57.

Nijsten, R., London, N., van den Bogaard, A., and Stobberingh, E. 1994. Reslstance in faecal

Escbericbia coli isolated from pigfarmers and abattoir workers. Epidemiol.

Infect. 113(1) : 45-52"

Nljsten, R., London, N., van den Bogaard, A", and Stobberingh, E' 1996' Antibiotic resistance

among Escbericbia coll isolated from faecal samples of pig farmers and pigs.

J. Antimrcrob. Chemother. 37(6) :1131-1140'

KKU. VeI. J. VoI. II No. I JANUARY - JUNE 2OOI

Sogaard, H., and Larsen, J. L. 1983. The effect of antibiotics on mannose-resistant

haemagglutination by KBB- and K99-positive Escb erichia coll strains. J. Vet.

Pharmacol. Thet. 6(3) : 187-193.

Sogaard, H., Larsen, J. L., and Christensen, S. 1983. Cohstul inhibition of mannose-resistant

haemagglutination by KBB- positlve and K99-positive Escberichia coll strains. A

prelimlnary report. Zentralbl. Bal<teriol. Mlkrobioi HyS [A] 254(1) : 64-68.

Sunde, M., Fossum, K., Solberg, A., and Sorum, H. 1998. Antibiotic reslstance in Escbericbia

coli of the normal intestinal flora of swlne. Microb. Drug Resist.4(4):289-299.

Takahashr, I., Yoshida, T., Higashide, Y., and Sakano, T. 1990. Susceptibrhties of. Escbeficbia

coli, Salmonella and Stapltylococct.Ls AureLrs isolated from animals to ofloxacin

and commonly used antimicroblal agents. Jpn. J. Antibiot. a3 (1) : 89-99.

Teshager, T., Herrero, I. A., Porrero, M. C., Garde, J., Moreno, M. A., and Domingmez,L. 2000.

Surveillance of antimicroblal reslstance tn Eschericbia coll strains isolated fiom

pigs at Spanlsh slaughterhouses. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 15(2):137-142.

Vaillancourt, J.-P., and Tbbbs, R. C. 1992. Preweaning mortaUty. Vet. CIin. of North Am.

(Food anim pract). B(3) : 685-706.

van Den Bogaard, A. E., London, N., and Stobberingh, E. E. 2000. Antimicrobtal resistance trr

pig faecal samples from the Netherlands (flve abattoirs) and Sweden. J. Antimicrob.

Chemother. 45(5) : 663 671.

Webster, C. J. 1990. Parenteral amoxycilhn/clavulanate in the treatment of drarrhoea ln young

pigs. Vet. Rec. 126(15):363-364

rStt

33