Useful English When Dining Out

Useful EnglishWhen Dining Out至醒餐飲手冊

How-to Series

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Table of Content:

3Introduction前言

4PASTA意大利粉

6Types of Steaks牛扒的種類

10Basic Table Etiquette基本餐桌禮儀

13The Dinner晚餐對話

John really wants to impress Jane. He has chosen Fabio’s Ristorante, a new Italian restaurant in a nice part of town. Unfortunately, John does not know a lot about Italian food. He decides to call the restaurant ahead and ask for the definition of pasta and types of steak, as well as how they are cooked. He really wants to impress Jane.

John 超想討得 Jane 的歡心。他特別選舉了城中

熱點，意大利餐廳新貴Fabio’sRistorante。可

惜，John不太清楚意大利菜，故此事先致電餐廳

詢問意大利粉和牛扒的種類和煮法。他真的真的

非常重視Jane。

Introduction前言

3 How-to Series Useful English When Dining Out

These are the notes that John has taken:以下是John做的筆記:

PASTA意大利粉

Pasta is a wheat-based carbohydrate that is usually made with flour, eggs and water. It is made into different shapes for different purposes, and forms the basis of most Italian dishes. Fabio told John about the basic types of pasta:意大利粉是一種以小麥為主的碳水化合物，常以麵

粉、雞蛋及水製成，依不同煮食用途製成不同形

狀，亦為意大利菜的基本食材。Fabio告訴John意

大利粉的基本種類。

PASTA意大利粉

4How-to Series Useful English When Dining Out

Conchiglie: Shell-shaped pasta. 貝殼形意大利粉

Fettucine: Long strips of pasta that are about one centimetre wide. 大概1厘米寬的長條形意大利粉

Lasagna: Long strips of pasta that are around ten centimetres wide, used in al forno (baked in the oven) dishes like lasagne. 大概10厘米寬的長條形意大利粉, 用於在al forno (在焗爐焗製)的菜式，如

lasagne。

Linguine: Long strips of pasta that are about half a centimetre wide. 大概0.5厘米寬的長條形意大利粉

Macaroni: Tubes of pasta that are bent, like an elbow. 扭曲如手肘的管狀意大利粉

Manicotti: Short tubes of pasta, cut at an angle. 斜切的短管狀意大利粉

Spaghetti: Long thin pieces of pasta, like portions of string. 細長的意大利粉，如細繩的一部分。

Vermicelli: Spaghetti that is half as thick, usually serves in bundles. 比Spaghetti細一半的意大利粉，

There are many more variations, but restaurants seldom serve more than what John has written down.意大利粉的種類多不勝數，其實大部分的餐廳都不會有多過John筆記提到的種類。

John is very excited now, as he feels he will be able to order off the menu well. John calls Jane to confirm the time of their date. Whilst they are speaking, Jane mentions that she loves steak. So John decides to make sure that he will appear well-educated, and does some research on steaksJohn現在已經非常興奮，因為他覺得自己對菜單已經瞭如指掌。John致電Jane確認約會的時間。在談話中，

Jane提及到她喜歡牛扒。故此John想要讓Jane感覺他對牛扒也瞭如指掌，他就再做一些資料搜集。

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Types of Steaks牛扒的種類

Chuck

PlateBrisket Flank

RibShortLoin

Sirloin

TenderloinTop Sirloin

BottomSirloin

ShankShank

Round

How-to Series Useful English When Dining Out 6

There are different cuts of steak that offer different things – for example, a T-bone steak offers both fillet and sirloin. Fillet is very tender and lean, but sirloin is very juicy and flavourful. The texture of the meat is different in different cuts of meat, which is why people have preferences. The fat content also affects people’s choices.

牛扒的不同部份提供不同的滋味 – 例如, T骨扒一邊是牛柳另一邊是西冷。牛柳又嫩又精瘦，但西冷則是多汁而

且味道豐富。肉質會因應牛的部份而不同，故此牛扒種類喜好因人而異。牛扒的脂肪比例都影響人們的選擇。

Rump steak: steak cut from the rump or hindquarters. 臀肉牛扒：由臀部或後腿及臀部切出來的牛扒。

Scotch fillet/boneless rib-eye/rib fillet: The rib eye or ribeye, also known as the Scotch fillet, is a beef steak from the rib section. 牛柳/無骨肉眼/肋骨肉片：rib eye 或 ribeye (肉眼)亦稱為Scotch fillet牛柳，

是由肋骨部分來的牛扒。

Sirloin/Porterhouse/New York steak: the portion of the loin (especially of beef) just in front of the rump. 牛脊肉(西冷)/ 上等腰肉牛扒/紐約客牛扒：牛腰部(尤其是牛)剛剛在臀部前面的部分。

T-bone/porterhouse steak: This consists of a T-shaped bone with meat on each side. The larger side is sirloin, whereas the smaller side contains the tenderloin or fillet. T骨扒/上等腰肉牛扒：以兩邊帶肉

的T字形骨組成。比較大的部分是牛脊肉(西冷)，而較小的部分為是里脊肉(牛柳)。

Fillet steak: a boneless steak cut from the tenderloin of beef. 牛柳：由牛里脊肉切出來的去骨牛扒。

Oyster blade/flat iron: This cut of steak is from the shoulder. 牛頸脊/牛肩膀牛扒：由牛肩膀切出來的牛

扒。

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The way in which steak is served also has an impact on the flavour of the meat. Generally, the better quality the meat is, the less it should be cooked. Fabio tells John that there are six ways of having your steak.

牛扒的煮都幾成熟都影響肉的味道。一般來說。越好質素的牛肉，越不需要煮熟。Fabio 告訴 John 有6種不同

的煮熟程度。

Extra-rare or Blue – the centre of the steak is cold and very red. 牛扒中心還是冷的，而且很紅。

Rare – the centre of the steak is slightly cold and still quite red, the whole steak is soft. 牛扒中心還有

少少冷，還相當紅，整份牛扒都很軟。

Medium rare – the centre is warm and red, the steak is a little firmer. 三成熟－牛扒中心還是暖而紅

的，牛扒比 rare 稍結實一點。

Medium – the steak is pink and firm. 五成熟－牛扒是粉紅而且結實。

Medium well – the steak still has a small amount of pink in the centre. 七成熟－牛扒中心還有少部分

粉紅。

Well done – the steak is grey-brown throughout, firm and quite tough. 全熟－牛扒呈深啡色、結實而

口感略為粗糙。

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Fabio tells John about the different types of sauce that they serve their steaks with. Their steaks are not cooked in sauce, but the sauce is served on the side instead.

Fabio 告訴 John 關於伴牛扒的不同醬汁。牛扒不會跟醬汁一起煮的，但會伴牛扒一起上菜。

Béarnaise sauce: a sauce like hollandaise but made with white wine and tarragon and shallots instead of lemon juice 一種像hollandaise但用白葡萄酒，龍蒿和青蔥代替檸檬汁製成的醬汁。

Brown sauce: A sauce made from butter and flour browned together, with beef stock added. 由牛油

及麵粉加上牛肉湯底製成的醬汁。

Garlic sauce: a creamy sauce flavoured with garlic. 大蒜味奶油醬汁。

Hollandaise sauce: A rich creamy sauce made of butter, egg yolks, and lemon juice or vinegar. 以牛

油、蛋黃和檸檬汁或醋製成的厚身奶油醬汁。

Mushroom sauce: brown sauce with sautéed mushrooms. 以炒蘑菇製成的紅醬汁。

Mustard: sauce of prepared mustard thinned with vinegar and vegetable oil, usually with sugar and seasonings added. 以已經準備的芥末醬，用醋及植物油稀釋，通常添加糖和調味料製成的醬汁。

Pepper sauce: brown sauce with sautéed vegetables and trimmings and marinade and plenty of pepper. 以炒蔬菜及配料滷汁及大量胡椒製成的紅醬汁。

Red Wine Sauce: a sauce made with red wine and garlic, sometimes with flour added to make it thick. 一種以紅酒和大蒜，有時用麵粉加入使厚的醬汁。

Diners can choose whichever sauce they prefer – there is no etiquette as to which sauce to order with which steak. 醬汁選擇豐儉由人 – 沒有特定配搭牛扒醬汁的規矩。

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John could now relax as he felt he would be able to impress Jane when they were out. On leaving the restau-rant, he noticed how the tables were set and decided to brush up on his table etiquette. John現在可以鬆一口氣，因為他覺得可

以在約會中令 Jane 刮目相看。在出發到

餐廳前，他留意到餐具的擺法，又想到要

改善他的餐桌禮儀。

Basic Table Etiquette基本餐桌禮儀


Place the napkin on your lap as soon as you begin eating. Your waiter might want to do this for you. 在你開始進食前，放餐巾在你的大腿上。你的侍應生可能會幫你放餐巾。

The small plate to your left is your bread plate. Upon it is a butter knife. Restaurants usually serve some bread and butter, or bread sticks and dip, while you are waiting for the starter to arrive. The waiter will take this plate away once you are finished with it. 在你左邊的小碟是你的麵包碟。在碟上是牛

油刀。餐廳通常在你等待前菜的時候，都會提供一些牛油和麵包，或者麵包條及調味汁。侍應生會在你吃完

時拿走此碟。

No matter how many sets of cutlery are alongside your plate, begin at the outside and work your way towards your plate. 無論你碟旁有多少餐具，由外以內依次使用。

A dessert spoon is oval, and a soup spoon is rounded. Therefore, the round spoon to your right is for your soup, and the oval spoon at the top of your plate is for your dessert. 甜品匙是橢圓的，而湯匙

則是圓形的。故此在你右手邊的圓形的匙是湯匙，而在你碟上方的橢圓匙是你的甜品匙。

Usually, any cutlery (knives, forks, spoons) above your plate is for your dessert. A rich creamy sauce made of butter, egg yolks, and lemon juice or vinegar. 一般情況下，在你碟上方的所有餐具(刀、

叉、匙)都是為甜品而設的。

A fish fork has shorter tines than a normal fork, and a fish knife is not serrated. It is more like a butter spreader, but with a sharper point. brown sauce with sautéed mushrooms. 魚叉的尖齒比一般叉

的尖齒短，而魚刀沒有鋸齒，比較像牛油刀，只是有尖峰。

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When you order steak, the waiter will usually bring a steak knife for you. When you order pasta, a spoon is provided. When eating the pasta, twirl some pasta onto your fork and create a neat bundle by twirling your forkful of pasta against the spoon. sauce of prepared mustard thinned with vinegar and vegetable oil, usually with sugar and seasonings added. 當你點牛扒時，侍應生一般都會給你一把牛扒刀。當你點意大利粉時，你會有一

隻湯匙。當你吃意大利粉時，用叉卷上一些意粉，並用湯匙托著來盛起一口大小的意粉束。

The larger wine glass is for red wine, and the smaller one is for white wine. Sometimes, a white wine glass is used to serve water. Separate glasses are provided if you order water, juice or cold drinks. 杯身較大的酒杯是紅

酒杯，杯身較小的是白酒杯，有時，白酒杯也用來盛水的。如果點水、果汁或其他冷飲，餐廳會提供另外的杯。

If you have ordered a table salad, your waiter will place another small plate to your left. Dish some salad onto this plate for yourself. 如果你點了餐桌沙津，你的侍應生會放另一個碟在你的左邊。拿一點沙律到你的碟上來吃。

When you finished eating, place your cutlery parallel and close together. This signals to the waiter that he can take your plate away. 當你吃完時，把你的餐具平衡放在一起，這樣會告訴侍應生，他們可以拿走你的碟子了。

John also planned to watch his manners. This meant that:John亦計劃留意他的儀態。這意味著：

He would not burp or pass gas at the table. If he needed to do these things, he would excuse himself to the bathroom and do it in private. 他不應在餐桌上打嗝或放屁。如果他不能忍，他應失陪自己到洗手間或其他地方私下處

理。

He would not wave or click his fingers at the waiter. Generally, just catching their eye is enough. In most restaurants, one waiter will serve you, but if you cannot see him and catch a different waiter’s eye, that is fine too. 他也不應向侍應生揮手或打響指。一般來說，只要跟他們眼神接觸即可。在大部分的餐廳，會有一個指定的侍應生

服務你，但如果你看不到他，也可以向其他侍應生用眼神示意。

Even if he did not plan on ordering any of the specials, John would not interrupt the waiter when he was telling the table about them. It is more polite to wait for the waiter to finish and then to thank him. It is part of his job to tell you about these. 就算他沒有打算點特別推介菜式，John 也不會在侍應生介紹特別推介時打斷他。等到

侍應生講完然後再多謝他，這樣更有禮貌。向你介紹推介菜式是他的本份。

John knew that it was not polite to chew with his mouth open, or speak with food in his mouth, but decided to be extra careful. He wouldn’t take very big bites and would always make an effort to sit up straight and look at Jane rather than his plate. John 知道張開嘴咀嚼或當口裡有食品時說話是不禮貌的，所以特別小心。他不能吃得太大

口，和Jane說話時要挺直身坐，還望對方而不要看著自己的碟。

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Waiter: Good evening sir, good evening ma’am. Is this the wine you ordered?侍應生：先生、女士，晚安，這是你點的酒嗎？

John: Yes, thank you.John：對的，謝謝你！

Waiter: Would you like a taste, sir?侍應生：先生，你要試試酒嗎？

John: Yes, please. John：好的，謝謝。

Waiter pours a small amount into John’s glass. John swirls the wine, smells it and takes two slow sips.侍應生倒了少量酒到 John’ 的杯中，John 轉一轉杯子，聞了一下，然後來飲兩小口。

John: Perfect, thank you. (If the wine has turned or is corked, you are allowed to send it back. If you just don’t like the taste, remember not to order that one next time. )John：很好，謝謝你。(如果酒變酸了或被人事先開瓶了，你有權退回。如果你只是不喜歡其味道，你只可以記住下次不要點同樣的酒。)

Waiter pours for both Jane and John.侍應生給 Jane 和 John 倒酒。

Jane: Thank you.Jane：謝謝你！

Waiter: May I take your order?侍應生：我可以為你點菜嗎？

John: Yes, please. (Notice how John allows Jane to order first)John：好的，請。(留意John會先讓 Jane點菜)

Jane: Could I please have an Italian salad to start, and the tomato and chicken penne for a main.Jane：我先要一個意大利沙律，主菜要蕃茄和雞長通粉。

Waiter: Certainly, Madame.侍應生：當然可以，女士。

John: I would like the butternut soup to start, and the rump béarnaise for my main.John：我想要油桃果南瓜湯作前菜，而béarnaise牛臀肉作主菜。

Waiter: How would you like that done sir?侍應生：先生，你的牛扒要幾成熟？

John: Medium rare, please.John：3成熟，謝謝。

Waiter: Chips, rice or baked potato?侍應生：配薯條，飯還是焗薯呢？

John: Chips, please.John：薯條。

Waiter: Grilled vegetables or a salad, sir?侍應生：要燒蔬菜還是沙律呢，先生？

John: Salad, please.John：沙律。

Waiter: Excellent, so that’s one Italian salad, one butternut soup, the tomato and chicken penne and a medium rare rump béarnaise with chips and a salad.侍應生：非常好，那麼是一個意大利沙律，一個油桃果南瓜湯，蕃茄和雞長通粉，一份三成熟的béarnaise牛臀肉，配薯條及沙律。

Jane: Perfect, thank you very much. Just one more thing – I noticed that my fork is dirty. Could I please have another?Jane：太好啦，非常感謝你。只是一個小問題 – 我留意到我的叉子髒了。我可以要另一隻嗎？

Waiter: Certainly, Ma’am. I’m so sorry about that.侍應生：當然可以，女士。對不起啊。

Jane: Not at all. Also, could I have my salad dressing on the side, please?Jane：不要緊。還有，請問我沙律的醬汁可以放在沙律放邊嗎？

Waiter: Of course, ma’am.侍應生：當然可以，女士。

After they had enjoyed their starter, John and Jane received their main courses. However, John’s steak was very overdone. When the waiter came to make sure that everything was fine, this is what happened:他們開始進食他們的前菜後，John及 Jane迎來他們的主菜。但是 John 的牛扒太熟了。當侍應生來到問候他們時，對話為：

John: I ordered this steak medium rare and it is well done. Could I please have one that is medium rare?John：我點了三成熟的牛扒，但這牛扒已經全熟了，我可以要一份三成熟的牛扒嗎？

Waiter: Certainly sir, my mistake. It will just take a moment.侍應生：當然可以，先生。是我錯，很快就好啦。

John: Thank you.John：謝謝你。

John’s steak was brought back and this time it was perfect. Everything on his plate was hot and sizzling, and he found the entire meal to be so wonderful that the waiter’s prior mistake was immediately forgotten. When the waiter returned to take their plates and their dessert orders, this is what happened:John 的牛扒端回來了，這次煮得剛剛好。他碟上的所有東西熱騰騰香噴噴，他覺得整個晚餐都很樂而忘返，連剛才侍應生的小過失都忘記了。當侍應生回來拿走他們的碟子及幫他們點甜品時，對話如下：

Waiter: Was everything to your satisfaction?侍應生：所有食物都滿意嗎？

Jane: Oh yes, it was delicious, thank you.Jane：滿意，都很美味，謝謝你！

John: Yes, would you please send our compliments to the chef? The béarnaise sauce was some of the best I’ve ever eaten.John：滿意，可以幫我讚美大廚嗎？Béarnaise醬是我平生食過最好味的。

Waiter: My pleasure, sir. I’m sure the chef will be very pleased to hear that. Would you like to order dessert?侍應生：不客氣，先生。大廚聽到一定會很高興。你想點一些甜品嗎？

Jane: I’ll just have a coffee, please.Jane：我只要咖啡就好了，謝謝！

John: I’ll have the ice-cream and chocolate sauce, please.John：我想要朱古力醬加雪糕，謝謝你。

Waiter: Right away.侍應生：馬上來。

John and Jane have enjoyed their meal very much, and have managed to chat about their interests during the meal. It has been a lovely evening. When the waiter comes to clear away the dessert plates, this is what happens:John 及 Jane 非常享受他們的晚餐，也能在席間談論他們的興趣。這是一個美好的夜晚。當侍應生來拿走甜點碟時，對話如下：

John: May we have the bill, please?John：請結賬。

Waiter: Here you are, sir.侍應生：先生，帳單，請過目。

John looks at the total amount. Usually, waiters are tipped between 10% and 15% of the total, depending on the quality of their service. John decides to tip 13% because the waiter was very helpful but made a mistake with John’s main. John writes the amount that he is tipping the waiter beneath the cost of the meal, and totals the two amounts below that. He hands the waiter his credit card, signs the slip, and he and Jane take a walk around the neighbourhood.John 看看帳單的總數。通常客人都會給侍應生帳單總數10% 至15%為小費，視乎他們的服務質素。John 決定要給13%因為侍應生很樂於助人但又弄錯了John 的主菜。John 在帳單總數下寫小費的數目，而在其下面再寫總數。他給侍應生其信用卡，簽好單，然後再帶 Jane 在附近散步。


The Dinner晚餐對話

John was definitely looking forward to this date, and felt he was very well-prepared. John 非常期待這個約會，也覺得自己準備充足。

On the day of his date, John had a shower, put on his best suit and walked the few blocks to the restaurant. He got there a little early so that Jane would definitely not arrive before him, and ordered a bottle of wine. Red wine is usually a good choice for red meat, or tomato based dishes. However, white wine often goes well with chicken, fish and creamy dishes.他約會當天，John 先沐浴，再穿上他最好的西裝，走幾個街口到餐廳。他早了一點點到所以 Jane 不會早過他到達，點了

一瓶酒。紅酒通常配紅肉或其他以蕃茄醬煮成的菜式。白酒則配雞、魚和其他白色醬汁的菜式。

When Jane arrived, John stood up, greeted her and pulled out her chair for her to sit down. They made some small talk, and discussed what they were going to eat. When the waiter came to take their orders, this is what happened:當 Jane 到達時，John 站起來迎接她並為他拉開椅子來坐下。他們開始閒聊，談論一下他們想吃些什麼。當侍應生來點餐

時，有以下的對話：




























































































































關於Englishtown：EF Education First (Englishtown總公司)是全球最大的英語教育機構。成立43年，已經有超過1,500萬人、以及1,200家環球企業選擇了我們為他們提供語言培訓，例如：HSBC、Nestle、BMW...，就像擁有專業眼光的您，會選擇在 English-town 練出流出英語。

我們還是開門見山吧 –事實：英文不是萬能，但係，英文唔掂就萬萬不能！試想下，要升職，跳槽有邊樣唔使英文？英文都唔識多幾個，入到餐廳，人地講"Medium Rare”，你唔知係乜。人地會點睇你？

最有效最有趣的英文學校就在您眼前 - Englishtown。作爲全球最大的英語培訓機構之一，我們不只是聘請好老師，而是最友善最具資格的的好老師。

我們的有全城最多真人會話課，您可以到學校上課，或者24小時足不出戶和與外籍老師溝通。隨時隨地隨心學習，不只聽起來讓人心動，而且您真的能學到。全球超過1,500萬學員和超多1,000家領先企業，包括滙豐銀行，雀巢公司等都選擇了Englishtown為其企業培訓。一兩年內，您便能在自信地練出一口流利英文。

相信我們，Englishtown幫到您！讓流利英語成爲您成功的必殺技，助您平步青雲。

還要等？馬上行動！

如欲了解更多，請致電： 3113 3583或登入www.englishtown.com.hk

等一等：










































Documents

Useful English When Dining Out