39
v/;k; & 5 v/;k; & 5 v/;k; & 5 v/;k; & 5 tutkrh; Jfedks a dk m|ks x es a dk;Z djus ds lkFk&lk tutkrh; Jfedks a dk m|ks x es a dk;Z djus ds lkFk&lk tutkrh; Jfedks a dk m|ks x es a dk;Z djus ds lkFk&lk tutkrh; Jfedks a dk m|ks x es a dk;Z djus ds lkFk&lkFk la Ld`fr ls Fk la Ld`fr ls Fk la Ld`fr ls Fk la Ld`fr ls la yXurk dh fLFkfr la yXurk dh fLFkfr la yXurk dh fLFkfr la yXurk dh fLFkfr la Ld`fr tutkrh; leq nk; dh egRoiw .kZ fo”ks"krkvks a es a ls ,d gSA tutkrh; la Ld`fr gh og vk/kkj gS] tks tutkrh; leqnk; dks vU; leq nk; ls vyx djrh gSA nf{k.k cLrj dh la Ld`fr iw .kZr% ouks ij vk/kkfjr la Ld`fr gSA buds thou ds lq[k o nq%[k ds {k.kks es a ouks dk fo”ks "k egRo gksrk gS] tSls & tUe] fookg] e`R;q o vU; eka xfyd dk;ks Z es a o`{k ds jl lYQh] fNUn] egqvk dk 'kjkc vfiZr fd, cxSj la Ldkj iw .kZ ekuk ugh tkrkA iw jk thou ouks a dh xks n ea s gh xq tjrk gSA tUe ls ys dj e`R;q rd gj lka l es a o` {k buds lkFk jgrs gSA bl {ks = ds tutkrh; o`{k dks ekrk&firk ,oa ns ork lerqY; ekurs gS vkS j blds izfr vlhe J/nk j[krs gSA lYQh] ds yk] equxk] egqvk] ve:n] uhe] rkM] cs j] rsa nw ] ihiy] cs y] vke] beyh] uha cw ] cjxn vkfn o`{kks dks os ugh dkVrs os flQZ ,s ls o`+{kks dks dkVrs gS tks vkfnokfl;ks ds /kkfeZd vkLFkk ls ugh tqMs gks rs tSls &lkxks uA egqvk is M es a 'khryk ekrk] 'kh”ke es a fla xjkt] cka l es a fga xykthu] egqvk es nars ”ojh] lktk es a [kqVk ns o rFkk gjkZ es a vka xknso dk fuokl ekurs gSA xqIrk] ijcnkl ¼1978 xqIrk] ijcnkl ¼1978 xqIrk] ijcnkl ¼1978 xqIrk] ijcnkl ¼1978½ 1 us fla g Hkw fe ftys ds tutkfr;ks a ds v/;;u es a ;g Ikk;k fd uxjhdj.k o vkS|kS xhdj.k ds ckn Hkh tutkrh; leqnk; vius /kkfeZd ekU;rkvks a dks cuk, j[kus es a lQy jgha gSA blh izdkj egkik= ¼1986½ egkik= ¼1986½ egkik= ¼1986½ egkik= ¼1986½ 2 dk v/;;u ;g Li"V djrk gS fd vkS|kSxhdj.k dh izfØ;k us tutkrh;k leqnk; ds lka Ld`frd ekU;rkvks a dks izHkkfor fd;k gSA ftldh iqf"V JhokLro ¼1992½ JhokLro ¼1992½ JhokLro ¼1992½ JhokLro ¼1992½ 3 ds a v/;;u ls Hkh gks rk gSA etw enkj ¼1958½ etw enkj ¼1958½ etw enkj ¼1958½ etw enkj ¼1958½ 4 ] fo|kFkhZ ¼1970½ ] fo|kFkhZ ¼1970½ ] fo|kFkhZ ¼1970½ ] fo|kFkhZ ¼1970½ 5 nkl ¼1978½ nkl ¼1978½ nkl ¼1978½ nkl ¼1978½ 6 ] ekfVZu vks jkUl ¼1965½ ] ekfVZu vks jkUl ¼1965½ ] ekfVZu vks jkUl ¼1965½ ] ekfVZu vks jkUl ¼1965½ 7 us vius v/;;u ea s a tutkrh; ija ijkxr la Ld`fr vkSj vkS|ks fxd jks txkj ds e/; la c/k dks Li"V djrs gq, fy[kk gS fd vkS|ks fxd {ks =ks es a dk;Z djus ds dkj.k te”ks niqj dh la Fkky tutkfr fga nw la Ld`fr dks viukus yxh gSA jktuhfrd vkSj vkfFkZd xfr”khyrk ls mudh lkekftd ,drk izHkkfor gqbZ gSA vkS|ks xhdj.k ds dkj.k uxjh; la Ld`fr tutkfr;ks ds fy, la nHkZ lew g curh tk jgh gS A

v /; k; & 5v /; k; & 5 t utk rh; Jfed k a d k m|kxs e a d ...shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/99201/11/11_chapter 5.pdf · eg qvk ] ve:n] u he] rkM] cj] r sna ]w ihiy ]

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Page 1: v /; k; & 5v /; k; & 5 t utk rh; Jfed k a d k m|kxs e a d ...shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/99201/11/11_chapter 5.pdf · eg qvk ] ve:n] u he] rkM] cj] r sna ]w ihiy ]

v /; k ; & 5v /; k ; & 5v /; k ; & 5v /; k ; & 5

t utk rh ; Jf e d k sa d k m|k sx e sa d k ;Z dju s d s lk F k&lkt utk rh ; Jf e d k sa d k m|k sx e sa d k ;Z dju s d s lk F k&lkt utk rh ; Jf e d k sa d k m|k sx e sa d k ;Z dju s d s lk F k&lkt utk rh ; Jf e d k sa d k m|k sx e sa d k ;Z dju s d s lk F k&lk Fk laLd `f r l s Fk laLd `f r l s Fk laLd `f r l s Fk laLd `f r l s

l ayX u r k d h f LF kf rl ayX u r k d h f LF kf rl ayX u r k d h f LF kf rl ayX u r k d h f LF kf r

l aLd `fr tu tkr h; l eqn k ; d h eg Roi w.kZ fo”ks " krkvksa e sa l s ,d g SA tu t krh;

l aL d `fr gh og vk/k kj gS] t ks tu t k rh; leqnk; d ks vU; le qn k; ls vy x d j r h g SA

n f{k. k c Lr j d h l aLd `fr iw. kZr% ou ks ij vk /kkfj r l aLd `fr gSA bu ds t hou d s l q[ k o

n q%[ k d s {k. kks esa ou k s d k fo”ks" k e gRo gk s r k gS] t Sls& t Ue] fo ok g] e `R; q o v U;

ek ax fyd d k;ksZ esa o{k d s j l lYQh ] fN Un ] egqvk d k ' kj kc vfi Zr f d, cx Sj l aLd kj

i w.kZ e ku k u gh t kr kA i wj k t hou ouksa d h x ksn eas g h x qt jr k gSA tUe l s ysd j e `R;q

rd g j l kal esa o{k b u d s l k Fk jg rs gSA b l {ks= d s tu t kr h ; o{k d ks e kr k&f ir k , oa

n sor k l erqY; e ku r s g S vk Sj bl d s izfr vl he J/n k j[ krs g SA l YQh] d syk ] e qu x k]

eg qvk ] ve:n ] u he] r kM] c sj] r s an w] i hiy ] c sy] vke ] be yh] u hac w] c jx n vk fn o{kks d k s

os u gh d kV r s os fl QZ ,sl s o`+ {k ks d ks d kV r s g S t ks vk fn okfl ;ks d s /kkfe Zd vkL Fkk l s u gh

t qMs gksr s t Sl s&l kx k su A e gqvk isM esa 'k hryk ekr k ] 'kh”ke e sa fl ax j k t] c kal esa

fg ax ykt h u ] e gqvk es n a r s”oj h] l kt k esa [ kqV k n so rF kk g j kZ esa vkax kn s o d k fu okl ekur s

gSA

xqI r k] i jc nkl ¼ 1978xqI r k] i jc nkl ¼ 1978xqI r k] i jc nkl ¼ 1978xqI r k] i jc nkl ¼ 1978 ½½½½ 1111 u s f lag Hkwf e fty s d s tu t k fr;k sa d s v/ ;;u esa ;g I kk;k

fd u xj hd j.k o vk S|kSx h d j.k d s ck n Hkh tu t kr h; l eqn k; viu s /kk feZd ekU;r k vksa

d ks cu k , j [ ku s esa l Q y jg ha g SA b l h i zd kj egk i k = ¼1986½egk i k = ¼1986½egk i k = ¼1986½egk i k = ¼1986½ 2222 d k v/; ;u ;g L i"V

d j r k gS fd vkS| kSx hd j. k d h i zfØ;k us tu t kr h;k l eqnk ; d s l kaLd `frd e kU;r kvksa d k s

i zHk kfor fd; k gSA f t ld h iqf" V Jh okL ro ¼ 1992½Jh okL ro ¼ 1992½Jh okL ro ¼ 1992½Jh okL ro ¼ 1992½ 3333 d sa v/;;u l s Hkh g ksr k gSA

e t wen kj ¼1958½e t wen kj ¼1958½e t wen kj ¼1958½e t wen kj ¼1958½ 4444 ] f o| kFkhZ ¼ 1970½] f o| kFkhZ ¼ 1970½] f o| kFkhZ ¼ 1970½] f o| kFkhZ ¼ 1970½ 5555 n k l ¼1978½n k l ¼1978½n k l ¼1978½n k l ¼1978½ 6666 ] ek fV Zu vk sj kUl ¼1965½] ek fV Zu vk sj kUl ¼1965½] ek fV Zu vk sj kUl ¼1965½] ek fV Zu vk sj kUl ¼1965½ 7777 us viu s

v/; ;u easa tu t kr h; i j aij k xr laLd `fr vkSj vkS| ksfx d jk stx kj ds e/; l ac/k d k s Li"V

d j r s g q, fy[ kk gS fd vkS| ksfx d {ks= k s esa d k ;Z d jus d s d k j.k t e”ksn iqj d h laF kky

tu t k fr fgan w l aLd `fr d ks viu ku s y xh g SA j k tu hf rd vkSj vkfFkZd x f r”kh yr k l s

mu d h l kek ftd ,d r k izHkk for g qbZ g SA vkS| k sx hd j.k d s d k j.k u x j h ; l aLd `fr

tu t k fr;ks d s fy , l an Hk Z lewg cu r h t k jgh gS A

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tu t krh ; le qnk; esa l kekftd xf r”kh yr k l ac/kh v/; ;u ksa e s a vu sd 'kk s/kkfF kZ;ksa

u s x fr”k hyr k d ks l kaL d `fr d vk/kk j ksa ij Li" V d jus d k iz;kl f d;k gSA bl esa ,e,e,e,e ---- , u, u, u, u ----

J hfu o kl ¼1952½J hfu o kl ¼1952½J hfu o kl ¼1952½J hfu o kl ¼1952½ 8888 d k v/; ;u fo” ks" k :Ik l s mYys[ k u h; gS] Jh fu okl u s l aLd `f rd j.k

d h vo/kk j.kk ds vk/kkj i j eSlwj d h dqx Z tu t kf r;ksa esa l k ekf td xf r”kh yr k dk s

l kaLd `frd j. k d h i zfd;k } k j k Li" V f d;k gSA ,UFk ksosu ¼1975½,UFk ksosu ¼1975½,UFk ksosu ¼1975½,UFk ksosu ¼1975½ 9999 RkFk k o sadV p j ¼1931½RkFk k o sadV p j ¼1931½RkFk k o sadV p j ¼1931½RkFk k o sadV p j ¼1931½ 1111 0000

u s Hkh y tu t k fr d h j ktiwr t kfr esa if j or Zu d h izf d;k dk f oLr k jiwoZd mYys[ k fd;k

gSA c ksl ¼1977½c ksl ¼1977½c ksl ¼1977½c ksl ¼1977½ 1111 1111 u s lsa V zy mMhl k ds t qvk ax rF kk N ksV ku kx iqj {ks= d s vksaj k o rF kk eqaMk

tu t k fr;ksa d s izF kk , oa f o”okl es a ifj or Zu d ks l kek ftd foy; d h iz f d;k ek u k g SA

bl h dMh e sa vu sd 'kks/k kfF kZ;ks u as vk S| ksx hd j.k d s Q yLo:Ik tu t kr h;

l ak Ld `frd t hou esa gksu s okys if j or Zu ks d k mYy s[ k fd;k g SA fo | k Fkh Z ¼1970½fo | k Fkh Z ¼1970½fo | k Fkh Z ¼1970½fo | k Fkh Z ¼1970½ 1111 2222 u s ,p -

b Z-l h d k WEiysD l j kap h] f Hkyk bZ d kWEiy sDl ] j km jd syk rF kk ck sd kj ks d kEiy sD l l s m RiUu

{ks= h; [ k n ku ds l aLd `fr d h pp kZ dh g SA f tl s u r ks x zk eh.k dgk t k ld rk g S vkSj u

gh vk S| ksf xd l aLd `fr] cf Yd bu {ks= ks e sa t u t krh; l aLd `fr d k t ks :Ik n s[ kus d ks

fe yk] ogk Wa f efJr laLd `fr F khA x qIr k i jcn k l ¼1978½x qIr k i jcn k l ¼1978½x qIr k i jcn k l ¼1978½x qIr k i jcn k l ¼1978½ 1111 3333 us fl ag Hkwfe ftys d s

tu t k fr;ksa esa vkS| k sx hd j.k d s i zHk ko lac/kh v/; ;u esa ;g ik ;k f d vk S| ksx h d j.k d s

c kn Hkh tu t kf r;kWa v iu s l akLd `f rd l ac/kks d k s cu k , j[ ku s e sa lQy jgh g S A

bld s foi j hr fo | kF khZ ¼1968½fo | kF khZ ¼1968½fo | kF khZ ¼1968½fo | kF khZ ¼1968½ 1111 4444 u s tu t kr h; l aL d `fr d s Hk kSfrd i{k esa if j or Zu

gk su s d k mYys[ k fd;k gSA mUgksu s viu s v/;; u e sa mYy s[ k fd; k gS fd vkS| ksfx d d sUn zk s

esa d k ;Zj r tu t kr h ; Jf ed HkkSf rd oLr qvksa d s l ax zg esa yx s jgr s g S] f t ll s mu e sa

[ k ku &ik u ] jgu &lg u ] igu k ok l ac/k h l ke kU; l kaLd `frd ifj orZu Lok Hkkf od :Ik ns[ ku s

d ks fey r k g SA Jh okL ro ¼1992½Jh okL ro ¼1992½Jh okL ro ¼1992½Jh okL ro ¼1992½ 15151515 us n f {k .k e /;izn s”k ¼N Rr hlx <½ d h tu t kfr;ksa ij

vkS| k sxh d j.k , oa u Dlyokn d s i zHk ko l ac/k h v/; ;u esa ;g i k;k fd u D lyokn d s

d kj. k bu {k s= ks d k Hk kSx ksfy d rFk k l akLd `frd okr koj .k c qj h r jg l s { kf rxzLr gqvk g S A

egk i k= ¼ 1986%24½egk i k= ¼ 1986%24½egk i k= ¼ 1986%24½egk i k= ¼ 1986%24½ 1111 6666 us l aFkk y tu t k fr i j i zHk ko d s lac/k esa f y[ k k gS f d l aF kky

vfLer k l aFk kyh d j.k dh i zf d;k d k ,d vax g S] t ks ,d , sl h l kaLd `fr d ? kV uk g S] tks

fook g] vu q"B ku ksa] [ k kui ku d h vkn rk as] O;ol k;] fo”okl] ewY;] i)f r rF kk vk n ”kksZ

ifj or Zu d s ek /;e l s vfHk O;D r gqb Z gSA *

Page 3: v /; k; & 5v /; k; & 5 t utk rh; Jfed k a d k m|kxs e a d ...shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/99201/11/11_chapter 5.pdf · eg qvk ] ve:n] u he] rkM] cj] r sna ]w ihiy ]

cLr j f tys e s vke vk fn okl h viu h l aLd `fr d k s vl he lEeku nsr k gSA ;gkWa

Lor a= i j ai j k fodf l r gk sr h jgh g SA ftys d s lHkh f od k l[ kaMks e as e kV h R;kSg kj] t r j k]

fn ; kj h] vke wl] u ok[ k ku h ioZ e u k;k t kr k gSA ;g ka d s fu okf l;ksa esa /k kfe Zd vkLFk k ,oa

va/k fo ”ok l x gj k g SA gj x zk e esa n sox qMh gk sr k gS] tgka n soh& n sor k d ks i wt k t kr k g SA

;s n soh &n s or k y dMh d h i ky d h esa flan wj l us , oa j ax fc j ax s Qw y e sa < ad s fofHkUu

vkd `fr;k sa e sa gk sr s g SA n soh &n sor kvks a d ks ygax k vkSj p ksy h ig u k;k t kr k gSA

n soh&n sor kvksa e s a cfy izF kk dh ijai j k gSA x zkek sa esa cf y fl jgk] xk ;r k rFk k i qt kjh n sr s

gSA

cLr j f tys d s lHk h {ks = ksa esa x h r&l ax hr vkSj u `R; } k j k le Lr lk ekftd] /k kfe Zd

o fofHkUu vol j ks i j viu h Hkkou kvksa d k s O;D r d j rs g SA u `R; d k L o:Ik ij ai j kx r

gk sr k gS] f tle sa u ;k p kaoy vf iZr d ju s d s l e; dd l kM u`R;] f ”kd kj ds n kSj ku x kSj

u `R;] ekan j h ] MaMkj h u `R;] x sMh u `R; ize q[ k gSA c Lr j esa yk sd l aLd `fr e as e syk vkSj eM+b Z

d s f cu k vk fn okl h 21 oh a lnh ds l an HkZ esa c L r j dh l aLd `fr dk s dj hc ls voyksdu

d ju s i j ;g lgt rk iwoZd n s[ kk t k ld r k gS f d tu t krh ; lekt u `R; t Sl dd l kM]

yst k ] x sMh] ma Mkj h ] ok | ;a= t Sl s&u x kMk] r qj gh ij aij k, W t Sls eqx kZ yMkb Z , oa i s; t Sl s

lYQ h] yk an k bR;fn esa e Lr l fn ;ksa i qj ku h cu kbZ x bZ ijai j kvks d ks y sd j vkt Hk h t h

jg k gSA ;g b l {k s= g h vfir q Hkk j r d h i qj kru i j aij k vks d h /k j ksgj g SA ;s tu t k fr;k W

i zkp hu i j aij k ok n h /kk j.kk vk sa d ks u ;h ih < h d ks l kSai r h g SA

tu t krh ; f”kYid kj ksa d h dykd `fr;ksa esa vk fn okl h l aLd `fr d h Li’V N ki

fn [ kyk bZ iM+r h g SA dk sl s d s o L= ksa es a Cy kd fi za fV ax d h t krh g S] mu Cy kd ksa e sa vkf n okl h

l aL d `fr d h N ki f eyr h g S] u kp rs gq, ;qod& ;qof r;ka f”kd kj d j rs g q, f”k d kj h tax yh

i”kqif{k ;ksa d s f p= Hk h fn [ kkb Z n sr s g SA

d k’B f”k Yi esa y dM+h <+ksr h e fgy k,a] cSy x kM+h esa /kk u ys t kr k g qvk f dl ku

n ”k gjs d k jF k [ k hap r s gq, n .Mkeh ekfM+; ksa d k le wg] u `R; d j r h gqb Z cky k, a] tu t k fr;ksa

d k jgu &l gu ] r hu deku ] d qYgkM+h ] ? k ksV qy ¼;qok x `g½ vkSj erd LrEHk Hkh n s[ k us d k s

fe yr k g SA c syesV y ¼ ? kM+ok f”k Y i½ esa n soh &n sor k vksa d h ewf r Z;ka cu r h gS] f tUgsa x kao d h

n sox qM+h ¼eaf n j½ esa j[ kk t k r k gS vk Sj iwt k d h t kr h gSA l YQh d s i sM + ij p< + d j

lYQ h f u d kyu k Hk h /kM+ok f”kYi e sa fn [ kk bZ n sr k gSA t ks fd ;gka d h laLd `f r d k ,d

Page 4: v /; k; & 5v /; k; & 5 t utk rh; Jfed k a d k m|kxs e a d ...shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/99201/11/11_chapter 5.pdf · eg qvk ] ve:n] u he] rkM] cj] r sna ]w ihiy ]

vax gS bl d s vfrf jDr oU; t ho t Sl s f gj.k ] ck jgfl a?k k] ou HkSal k vkSj gk Fkh vkfn Hkh

/kM+ok f”kYi e sa n s[ ku s d ks f eyr s gSA ykSg f ”kYi e sa cu k, t ku s okyh vkd `fr;k sa esa

i sM+&i kS/ks] i”kq& i{kh] L = h &i q:’ k vkSj vk fn okl h ij Ei j kvksa d ks n ”k kZ;k t kr k gSA e frdk

f”k Yi ¼V sj k d ksV k½ esa Hkh g kFk h] /kksM+s rF kk cgqr l aqn j vk d `fr;k a cu kr s g SA f”k Yi bl ckr

d ks n ”k kZrs gS f d tu t kr h; f ”kYid kj izd `fr l s i zse d j r s gS vk Sj bl d s cgqr gh fudV

gSA

vr% ;g dgk t k ldr k gS f d vkfn okl h f”kY id kj vkt Hk h viu h /kkf eZd]

l k ekf td] l kaLd `f rd vk Sj u Slf xZd i j ai j kvksa l s l ayXu r k j[ krs g SA vk S| ksx h d j.k dh

i zfØ;k u s tu t k r h; th ou “k Syh d s l kaLd `frd i{k d k s fd ru k izHk kfor fd;k g S ft ld s

fo" k; esa “kks/k kFk hZ u s tu t kr h; l aLd `fr ds e gRoiw.k Z ig yqvksa f t le sa tUe] e`R;q] f ookg

l aL d kj] Hk k" kk ] /kk feZd ek U;r k, W igu kok] [ kku ik u ] i zFkk ] i jaij k x r ekU;r k ,a bR; kfn i j

vkS| k sxh d j.k d s iz Hkk o d k s K kr d jus d k i z;k l fd;k gSA

izLr qr v/;;u esa n f{k.k c Lr j ftys e sa f”kYi dyk m| ksx d k tu t kr h ; l aLd `fr

i j D;k izHkk o i Mk gS\ b l s K kr d ju s d k iz;k l fd;k x ;k gS] ft l esa tUe] e`R;q]

fook g l aLd kj] Hkk" kk] /kkf eZd ek U;rk, aa fpfdRl k rduh d] [ kku &i ku ] jg u &l gu ] igu k ok

bR; kfn d s i zHkko d ks 20 o’ k Z iw.k Z , oa or Ze ku f LFkf r d s vk/kkj ij K kr f d;k x ;k g SA

m Rr jn kr kvk sa d h ek r `Hkk" kk ¼c ksy h ½ m Rr jn kr kvk sa d h ek r `Hkk" kk ¼c ksy h ½ m Rr jn kr kvk sa d h ek r `Hkk" kk ¼c ksy h ½ m Rr jn kr kvk sa d h ek r `Hkk" kk ¼c ksy h ½

Hk k" k k i zR;sd tu t kr h ; l ewg d h fof'k "V igpk u g SA i zR;sd tu t kfr d h viu h

,d vy x Hk k" k k gk sr h g S] tk s mu ds l ax fB r gksu s d k vk/kk j gksu s d s l k Fk&l k Fk

l k ekf td vUr%fd z;k d k e k/;e Hkh g ksr h g SA v/;;u d s mn ~n s'; d h n `f"V l s

mRr jn kr kvksa d h ekr `Hk k" kk d k Kku eg Roi w.kZ r F; g S] D;ksafd f ”kY idyk m| ksx u s

tu t k rh; l aLd `fr d s bl egRoiw. kZ fo'ks" k r k d ks Hkh i zHkkf or fd;k g S] t ks fu Eu

fo'ys" k.k l s Li"V gS%&

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r kf yd k d ze k ad r kf yd k d ze k ad r kf yd k d ze k ad r kf yd k d ze k ad 5555 ---- 1111

mRr jn kr k vksa d h ekr `Hk k"k kmRr jn kr k vksa d h ekr `Hk k"k kmRr jn kr k vksa d h ekr `Hk k"k kmRr jn kr k vksa d h ekr `Hk k"k k

d zek add zek add zek add zek ad ekr `Hk k" kkekr `Hk k" kkekr `Hk k" kkekr `Hk k" kk vk o`f Rrvk o`f Rrvk o`f Rrvk o`f Rr i zfr'k ri zfr'k ri zfr'k ri zfr'k r

1 x k saMh 195 78-0

2 g Ych 36 14-4

3 fg Un h 10 04-0

4 n ksj yh 06 02-4

5 Hkr j h 03 01-2

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

ekr `Hkk" kk l aca/kh fo'ys" k .k l s ;g K kr gk sr k gS] fd vkt Hkh n f{k.k c Lr j d s

tu t k fr;ksa d h ekr `Hk k" kk xk saMh g h gS] 78-0 i zfr'k r mRr jn kr k ,sl s i k;s x ;s g Sa] ftu d h

ek r `Hkk" kk xksaMh gS] 14 -4 i zfr'k r mRr jn kr kvk sa d h ek r `Hkk" kk g Ych gS] 4 -0 i zfr'k r fg Unh] 2 -

4 i zfr'kr n ksjy h rF kk 1 -2 mRr jn kr k Hkr j h Hkk" k k d k iz;k sx d j r s gSa A

d k;Zd k;Zd k;Zd k;Z d s n kSj ku d s n kSj ku d s n kSj ku d s n kSj ku c ksy h t ku s ok y hc ksy h t ku s ok y hc ksy h t ku s ok y hc ksy h t ku s ok y h Hkk ’ kk %&Hkk ’ kk %&Hkk ’ kk %&Hkk ’ kk %&

Hk k" k k lkaL d `frd if j or Zu d k ,d e gR oi w.kZ ? kV d gSA tu t k rh; l aLd `fr esa Hkk " kk

d k e gRo db Z vF kksZ esa t Sl s tu t kr h ; V ksu s&V k sV d sa] r a=&ea= v kfn vyx &vy x

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tu t k fr;ksa d h v iu h& viu h Hkk" kk esa g ksr h g SA b ld s vykok os v iu s Hkk " kk l s f oifRr;ksa

esa lewg dss y ksx ksa d k s fo”ks" k lad sr d s } kj k ,dt qV d jr s gSa] l kFk gh fof HkUu /kkfeZd

mRl oksa] l aLd kj ksa b R;kfn esa Hkk" kk gh og vk/kkj gksr k gSA ft l l s os mu mRl oksa o

l aL d kj ksa d k s lEiUu d j r s g SaA

Uk x j hdj.k rFk k vkS| ksxh d j.k d h izf Ø;k ds Qy Lo: i tu t kr h; le qnk; d k

lEid Z u x j h ; thou 'k Syh l s gksu s y xk gSA ft lds ifj .kke Lo:i ;s u x j h; t hou

'kSy h esa c ks yh t ku s oky h Hk k" kk Hk h l h[ ku s y x s gSa] f t l l s os c kâ le wg l s vUr%fØ;k d j

ld s] D ;ksaf d u x j h; ifj os”k e sa fgUn h Hkk" k k gh vUr %f Ø;k d k vk/k kj gk sr k g SA izLr qr

v/; ;u esa tu t k r h; l aL d `fr d s eg Roi w.kZ b d kb Z d s :i es a Hk k" kk ij D ;k i zHkko iM+k gS]

b l s K kr d ju s d k i z;kl 'k ks/kkF khZ u s fd;k g SA f t l s fu Eu r kf yd k esa Li"V fd;k x ;k

gS %&

r k fyd k d zek ad & 5r k fyd k d zek ad & 5r k fyd k d zek ad & 5r k fyd k d zek ad & 5 ---- 2222

d k; Z d s n kSj ku c ksy h t ku s ok y h Hkk " kkd k; Z d s n kSj ku c ksy h t ku s ok y h Hkk " kkd k; Z d s n kSj ku c ksy h t ku s ok y h Hkk " kkd k; Z d s n kSj ku c ksy h t ku s ok y h Hkk " kk

ØØØØ H kk ’ kkH kk ’ kkH kk ’ kkH kk ’ kk vko `fRrvko `fRrvko `fRrvko `fRr i zfr'k ri zfr'k ri zfr'k ri zfr'k r

1

2

3

x ksaM+h

gYc h

fg Un h rF kk xk saM+h

128

66

56

51-2

26-4

22-4

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

d k;Z d s n kSjk u c ksyh t ku s okyh Hkk" kk lac a/k h fo” ys’ k. k l s ;g Li "V g S fd

l okZf /k d 51 -2 i zfr”k r mÙ kjn krk d k ;ZLFky esa x ksaMh Hk k" kk gh c ksyr s gSa] 26 -4 i zf r”kr

mÙ kjn krk g Ych Hkk" k k tcfd 22 -4 i zfr” kr mÙ kjn kr k fgUn h rFkk xksaMh n ksu ksa Hkk" kk c ksyr s

gSaA

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u x j ds ik l jg us ok ys T;kn k r j yk sx fgUn h Hkk" kk c ksy o l e> y sr s gSaA l kFk gh

d qN y ksx viu h t hou p; kZ esa vax zst h d s 'kC n ksa d k Hk h iz;k sx d j r s gSaA Li"V r% ;g dgk

t k ld r k gS fd f”k Yi m| ksx esa l ay Xu r k rFk k f'k{kk d s yk sdO;ki hd j.k d h i zfØ;k u s

tu t k rh; {ks= ksa e sa j k"V ªh; Hkk" kk d k s ig qap ku s es a e gRoiw.k Z Hkwfed k fu Hk kbZ g SA

H kkst u d s eq[; r Ro % &H kkst u d s eq[; r Ro % &H kkst u d s eq[; r Ro % &H kkst u d s eq[; r Ro % &

Tk u t kr h ; {k s= ksa esa y ksx ksa d k eq[; Hk kstu mu {ks = ksa e sa miyC /k ou L if r;ka g h gk sr h

gSA l H; le kt d h r jg mUgsa f of HkUu i zd kj d s vu kt vkSj v U; oL r qvksa d s mi Hkksx d k

cgqr de vol j i zkIr gksr k gSA y sfdu “k klu d s } kj k l Lr s n j ksa i j miy C/k d j kb Z t k

jg h vu kt l s mUg sa Hkh o’ kZ d s vf /k d ka”k f n u ksa e sa vu kt [ k ku s d k vol j i zkIr gks jg k g SA

b l fo’ k; esa K k r rF; ksa d k f ooj.k f u Eu ku ql kj g S &

r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5 ---- 3333

H kk stu d s eq[ ; rRoH kk stu d s eq[ ; rRoH kk stu d s eq[ ; rRoH kk stu d s eq[ ; rRo

Øek adØek adØek adØek ad r Ror Ror Ror Ro g kWg kWg kWg kW UUUU kkkk g hag hag hag ha ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx

v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v ko`f rv ko`f rv ko`f rv ko`f r i zfr'k ri zfr'k ri zfr'k ri zfr'k r

1 n ky ] p kaoy] “kC t h 32 12.8 218 87.2 250 100

2 p kaoy] “ kCt h 92 36.8 158 63.2 250 100

3 p kaoy 36 14.4 214 85.6 250 100

4- fu f ”p r u gha 44 17.6 206 82.4 250 100

Page 8: v /; k; & 5v /; k; & 5 t utk rh; Jfed k a d k m|kxs e a d ...shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/99201/11/11_chapter 5.pdf · eg qvk ] ve:n] u he] rkM] cj] r sna ]w ihiy ]

Rk kfy d k l s Li’V gS fd cg ql a[;d mRr jn kr kvksa d k s n Sfu d vkg kj esa n ky] p koy]

lC t h fu ;fer :Ik l s izk Ir u gha g ksr k g SA

10 o’ kZ i woZ Hkk stu d k e q[ ; rRo % & 10 o’ kZ i woZ Hkk stu d k e q[ ; rRo % & 10 o’ kZ i woZ Hkk stu d k e q[ ; rRo % & 10 o’ kZ i woZ Hkk stu d k e q[ ; rRo % &

mRr jn kr kvksa l s mu d s 10 o’ kZ iwoZ d s vkgk j d k Lo:Ik K kr fd;k x; k gS t k s fd

fu Eu r kfy d k l s Li’ V gS &

r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5 ---- 4444

vk t l s 10 o " kZ i woZ b lh i zd kj d k Hkk stu fy ;k t ku kvk t l s 10 o " kZ i woZ b lh i zd kj d k Hkk stu fy ;k t ku kvk t l s 10 o " kZ i woZ b lh i zd kj d k Hkk stu fy ;k t ku kvk t l s 10 o " kZ i woZ b lh i zd kj d k Hkk stu fy ;k t ku k

d zekadd zekadd zekadd zekad 10 o" kZ i wo Z b l h i zd kj 10 o" kZ i wo Z b l h i zd kj 10 o" kZ i wo Z b l h i zd kj 10 o" kZ i wo Z b l h i zd kj

d k Hkk stu y su kd k Hkk stu y su kd k Hkk stu y su kd k Hkk stu y su k

vk o`fRrvk o`fRrvk o`fRrvk o`fRr i zfr' kri zfr' kri zfr' kri zfr' kr

1 gk a 136 54 -4

2 u gha 114 45 -6

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

r kfy d k ds fooj.k l s Li’V gS fd vf/k d ka”k 54 -4 i zfr”kr mRr j n kr k ;g ek ur s g Sa

fd 10 o’ kZ i woZ Hkh mud k [ k ku i ku d k L rj oSl k g h Fk k t Sl k fd vk t gSA tcfd 45 -6

i zfr”kr mRr jn krk vksa u s u d kj k Red t ku d k jh f n ;k g SA

fo okg e sa i zpf yr Hk kst %&fo okg e sa i zpf yr Hk kst %&fo okg e sa i zpf yr Hk kst %&fo okg e sa i zpf yr Hk kst %&

ijai j kx r :i e sa tu t kr h ; leqnk ; esa ekal kgkj d k izpy u jgk g S] D ;ksafd

ftu f o" k ; ifj fLFk fr;k sa e sa ; s f u ok l d j r s gSa] og ka t ax yh d an e wy] Q y &Q wy d s vyk ok

N ksV s t ho&tUr q Hkh bu d s vkgk j d s eq[; l zksr g ksr s g SaA fQj Hkh u x j h; l aLd `fr d s

i zHk ko l s bu esa d k sbZ ifj or Zu vk ;k g S ;k u g ha b l s Kkr d jus d s fy, mÙ kjn k rkvksa d s

vkgk j Js. kh d k s K kr fd;k x ;k gS] t ks f d fu Eu r k fyd k esa n h x bZ g S %&

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r kf yd k d ze k ad 5r kf yd k d ze k ad 5r kf yd k d ze k ad 5r kf yd k d ze k ad 5 ---- 5555

fo okg e sa i zpf yr Hk kstfo okg e sa i zpf yr Hk kstfo okg e sa i zpf yr Hk kstfo okg e sa i zpf yr Hk kst

Øek adØek adØek adØek ad r Ror Ror Ror Ro 20 o’ kZ d s i wo Z20 o’ kZ d s i wo Z20 o’ kZ d s i wo Z20 o’ kZ d s i wo Z o r Zek u esao r Zek u esao r Zek u esao r Zek u esa

v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1 d soy “kkd kgk j 27 10.8 51 20.4

2 d soy ekal kg kj 41 16.4 19 7.6

3 “kk d kgkj rFk k ekal kgkj n ksu ksa 182 72.8 180 72.0

;k sx &;k sx &;k sx &;k sx & 250 100 250 100

mÙ kjn kr kvksa d h vkgk j Js.k h l ac a/kh fo 'ys" k .k l s ;g K kr gksr k gS fd or Zeku , oa

20 o’ kZ iwoZ esa vf /k d ka”k 72-8 izf r'kr mÙ k jn krk ' kkd k gkj h rFkk ekal kgkj h n ksu ksa gh izd kj

d k Hkk stu d jr s gSaA 10-8 i zfr'k r mÙ kjn kr kvksa u s d soy 'kkd k gkj Hk kst d h t ku d k jh nh

gSA tcfd 16-4 i zfr”k r u s d s oy ek al kg kj d s i zpyu d h t ku d kj h n h gSA

eqfj;k tu t k fr e sa cfy n su s d h i zFkk i zpf yr gSaA l kek U;r% b l t kfr d s yk sx

ek al kgkj h gksr s gSA fofHkUu /k kfe Zd laLF kkvksa@ l a x B u ksa t Sl s & x k;= h “kfD r i hB l s t qM+u s]

f”k ok u Un vkJe rF kk fofHkUu /kk feZd lax B u ksa d h ln L;r k ysu s rFk k d aB hek yk/kkj.k

d ju s d s d kj.k d qN yk sa x 'kkd k gkj h gk s x ;s gSaA

mÙ kjn krkv ksa d s e u ksj atu d k l k /k u %& mÙ kjn krkv ksa d s e u ksj atu d k l k /k u %& mÙ kjn krkv ksa d s e u ksj atu d k l k /k u %& mÙ kjn krkv ksa d s e u ksj atu d k l k /k u %&

ijai j kx r :i l s eM+b Z] f' kd kj] u `R; o yk sdx hr tut k r h; l eqnk; e sa

eu ksjatu d k egRoi w. kZ l k/ku jg s g SaA 17171717 f t lds } kj k ;s viu k [ k kyh l e; O;r hr d jr s

gSaA tu tk r h; t hou ”kSy h vk/k qfu d Hkkx n kSM+ l s fcYd qy i j s g SA u mUgsa [ k kus d k fo”ks’k

“kk Sd j gr k g S vkSj u gh cgqr vf /kd diM+s ig u u s d k “kk Sd gksr k g SaA l ar q"V vk Sj [ kq'k

jg us ok ys tu t k fr;ksa i j vkS| ksx hd j.k dh i zf Ø;k u s D;k izHkk o Mky k g S] b ls K kr dju s

d s f y, v/; ;u {ks= d s mÙ kjnk rkvksa l s mu d s eu ksj atu ds l k/ku ksa d k s K kr d ju s dk

i z;kl fd ;k x ;k gSA ft l ls mu e sa vk/kqf u d hd j. k d s izHkk o d ks Hkh K kr f d;k t k l d sA

b l fo" k; esa i zk Ir rF ;ksa d k fo” ys" k .k fu Eu r kfy d k e sa n h x ;h gS % &

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r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5 ---- 6666

mÙ kjn k rkv ksa d s e u ksj atu d k l k/k umÙ kjn k rkv ksa d s e u ksj atu d k l k/k umÙ kjn k rkv ksa d s e u ksj atu d k l k/k umÙ kjn k rkv ksa d s e u ksj atu d k l k/k u

d ze kadd ze kadd ze kadd ze kad eu k sj atu d k l k/kueu k sj atu d k l k/kueu k sj atu d k l k/kueu k sj atu d k l k/ku v ko`f rv ko`f rv ko`f rv ko`f r i zfr' kri zfr' kri zfr' kri zfr' kr

1 V h -oh- n s[ ku k ; k j sfM;k s l quu k 48 19 -2

2 - x Ii s yx k u k 162 64 -8

3 - e syk e MbZ] ck t kj t ku k 13 5-2

4 - e N yh idM+u k 20 8-0

5 - i j aij kx r u `R; l axh r 07 2-8

; k sx; k sx; k sx; k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

mÙ kjn kr kvksa d s eu ksj a tu l aca/kh mij k sD r f o'ys" k .k l s ; g K kr gksr k g S fd

l okZf /k d 64-8 izfr 'kr mÙ kjn krk x Iis y x kd j viu k [ k kyh l e; O;r h r dj r s g Sa] 19 -2

i zfr'kr mÙ kjnk r k Vh -oh- n s[ k u k ;k jsfM;ks l qu d j] 5 -2 i zfr ' kr esy k eMb Z ;k c kt kj

t kd j ] 8 -0 izfr'kr eNy h idM+d j rFkk 2 -8 izfr 'kr mÙ k jn krk ijai j kx r u `R; l ax hr d s

ek /;e l s viu k eu ksj atu d j r s gSaA

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m Rl o @i o Z m Rl o @i o Z m Rl o @i o Z m Rl o @i o Z

cLr j viu s n ”k gj k i oZ d s d k j.k vUr Zjk’Vª h; L r j i j t kuk t kr k gSA ;gka

n ”k gj k d k ioZ ns[ ku s f on s” kh Ik ;ZV d Hkh vkr s g SaA v/;;u esa m Rr jn k r kvksa l s i zeq[k

i oZ@ mRl o d s f o’ k; e sa t ku d k j h yh x ;h g SA f t l s f u Eu r kf yd k e sa n ”kk Z;k x ;k gS %&

r k f yd k d zekad &5r k f yd k d zekad &5r k f yd k d zekad &5r k f yd k d zekad &5 ---- 7777

m Rl o @io Zm Rl o @io Zm Rl o @io Zm Rl o @io Z

ØekadØekadØekadØekad v of /kv of /kv of /kv of /k g kWg kWg kWg kW UUUU kkkk ghaghaghagha ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx

v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1 gj sy h tx kj 127127127127 50.8 123 49.2 250 100

2 ik syk 95 38 155 62 250 100

3 n 'kg j k 250 100 - - 250 100

4- n hi koyh 110 44 140 56 250 100

5- u ok [ kk bZ 250 100 - - 250 100

6- j{k kc a/k u 32 12.8 218 100 250 100

Rk kfy d k ls Li’V gS fd vf /kd ka”k f ”kYid kj {k s= d s i ze q[k i zpf yr R;kSg kj gj sy h]

n ”k gj k] u ok [kk bZ eu kr s g Sa] tcfd n hi koy h rFkk j {kk ca/k u t Sl s i oZ d ks eu ku s okys

mRr jn kr kvksa d h l a[;k d e gSA

fo ”ks’ k vo l j ksa i j i z;qD r i s; i n kF kZfo ”ks’ k vo l j ksa i j i z;qD r i s; i n kF kZfo ”ks’ k vo l j ksa i j i z;qD r i s; i n kF kZfo ”ks’ k vo l j ksa i j i z;qD r i s; i n kF kZ

tu t krh ; l ekt esa ekn d i s; d k cg qr izpyu jg k gS] t ks ;gk a i k;s t ku s oky s

lYQ h] r k M+] eg qvk , oa f N Un ds isM + l s i zkIr fd;k t kr k gSA izk; % i zR; sd f o”k s" k vol j

¼tUe] fookg ] e`R;q ;k R;kSgk j bR;kfn ½ d s vo l j ij ;s is; in kFk Z i zeq[ k vkd’ kZ.k gksr s

gSA 1111 8888 bu vol j ksa i j bu d k mi;ksx vko ”; d , oa vkSipk fjd e ku k t kr k g SA oSl s Hkh

vkfn okl h laLd `f r e sa o`{kksa d s j l d k fo”ks" k e gRo g ksr k g SA vkf n ok fl;ksa es a leLr

l aL d kj ksa o ek ax fyd d k;k sZa esa o{k d k jl rF kk eg qvk d h 'kj k c mi;ksx esa yk ;h t kr h

gS] bu d ksa vfi Zr fd ;s cx Sj d ksbZ Hk h laLd kj i w.kZ u gha ek uk t kr k g SaA v/; ;u x r l ewg

d s mÙ k jn krk vksa } kj k i z;qD r i s; d k fooj.k fu Eu r kf yd k e sa n h x b Z gS % &

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r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5 ---- 8888

fo ”ks’ k vo l j ksa i j i z;qDr i s; i n kF kZfo ”ks’ k vo l j ksa i j i z;qDr i s; i n kF kZfo ”ks’ k vo l j ksa i j i z;qDr i s; i n kF kZfo ”ks’ k vo l j ksa i j i z;qDr i s; i n kF kZ

Ø iz;qD r i s; or Zeku 20 o’ k Z iwoZ

vk ofRr izf r'kr vk- @ i z-

1

2

3

lYQ h@eg qvk

y an k@ l YQh

y an k@ lYQ h@eg qvk

92

67

91

36-8

26-8

36-4

124¼49 -6½

43¼17-2½

83¼33-2½

;k sx &;k sx &;k sx &;k sx & 250250250250 100100100100 250 ¼100½250 ¼100½250 ¼100½250 ¼100½

mÙ k jn kr kvk sa } k j k iz;qD r i s; l aca /k h mi j ksD r f o”y s" k.k l s ;g Li"V g S f d

or ZEkku esa l okZf/k d 36-8 i zfr”k r mÙ kjnk r kvksa } kj k i s; in kF kZ d s :i e sa eg qvk @ lYQh

d k i z;ksx fd; k tkr k gS] 36-4 i zfr”kr mÙ kjn kr k yan k rFk k lYQh] e gqvk r hu ksa i s;

in kFk Z d k iz;ksx d jr s gSa] tcf d 26-8 i zfr”k r mÙ kjn kr k yan k rF kk lYQh i s; in k FkZ dk

i z;ksx d j r s g SaA tcfd 20 o’ kZ i w.kZ l okZf/k d 49 -6 i zfr”k r mRr jn kr k ;g eku rs g Sa fd

yk sx l YQh rF kk eg qvk ls cu h “kj kc d k l sou fo”ks’ k vol j ksa i j T;kn k d jr s F ks]

tcfd 17-2 izfr ”kr us lYQh r Fkk yan k vkSj 33 -2 i zfr”k r u s r hu ksa d k g h mi;ksx d ju k

c r k;k gSA

u xj h dj.k rFkk vkS| k sx hd j.k d h i zfØ;k u s tu t kfr; ksa esa izpfy r i j ai j kx r is;

in kFk Z d s izpyu d ks bl vFk Z esa vk af”kd :i l s i zHkkf or fd ;k gS f d os u x j h; laLd `fr

esa i zpfyr is; in kF kksZa d k Hkh l sou d j u s yx s gSaA f t lesa pk ; ize q[ k g SA

o s'k & Hkw" kko s'k & Hkw" kko s'k & Hkw" kko s'k & Hkw" kk &

os”k Hk w" kk tu t k fr laLd `f r d k vfHk Uu v ax g SA tg ka rd c Lr j d s tu t kfr d h

c kr g SA ijEi kx r :Ik l s ;g ka d s i q:" k yqxh ;k V kosy d ks dej d s fu py s Hkkx e sa

igu r sa gSA rF kk ef gyk,a CykÅt rFkk ygax k igu r h g SA f” k{k k r Fkk lap k j ek /;eksa d s

i zl kj ds Qy Lo:Ik vk t yk sx l Hkh izd k j d s vk/kqf u d ifj /k ku igus yx sa gSA cL r j d s

tu t k fr;ksa d h os'k& Hkw" k k l kek U; gS] i jUrq ;s l ke kftd lekj ksg , oa mRl o d s n kSj ku

fo'ks" k oL= /k kj.k d jr s gSA bu ds ijEi j kx r oL= d s l kFk &l kFk n so oL= Hk h g ksr k gS

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ft l s ;s Mk ax n s o vkfn d s i wt k d s le; /kk j.k d j r s g SA or Zek u esa f d'k ksj rF kk c kyk; sa

i saV &' kV Z , oa Ýkad] Ld V Z d k Hkh iz;ksx d j jg s g Sa rF kk dqN c ky kvk sa d k s ;fn ly okj

d qr hZ esa n s[ k y s r k s vk ' p; Z u gha gksx k ijUr q ;g vke c kr u g ha g SA 1 91 91 91 9

o s'k Hkw" k k e sa i fj o r Zuo s'k Hkw" k k e sa i fj o r Zuo s'k Hkw" k k e sa i fj o r Zuo s'k Hkw" k k e sa i fj o r Zu

eksg Ur h ¼ 2008eksg Ur h ¼ 2008eksg Ur h ¼ 2008eksg Ur h ¼ 2008 ½½½½ 20202020 dk v/ ;;u og Li"V d j r k gS fd vkS| kSxhd j. k ds QyL o:Ik

N Rr h lx <+ d s n f{k.k c Lr j d h tu t kf r;k ij aij kx r if j/kku ksa d s L F kku i j vk/kqfu d

ifj/kku ksa d ks vksj T;k n k vkdf" kZr gks jgs gSA vc tu t kf r iq:" kksa d ks V h &”k V Z] i saV ]

c jeqM+k rFkk yM+fd; ksa d ks lyokj l wV ] ef gy kvk sa d ks l kM+h ] yag x k o Cyk Åt igu s

vkl k u h l s n s[ kk t k l d r k g SA

efg yk;sa cn u ij lkM+h yi sV r h gSA bu d h lk fM+;k¡ xg j h gj h] l Qsn] yk y ;k

u kj ax h dy j d h gksr h g SA ;s ? kqVu s rd gh l kM+h yi sV r h gSa r kfd ou k sa esa d k;Z d j r s

le ; ;kM+h > kfM+;k sa e sa u my> sA c qt qx Z ,oa dek sos'k vf/k d me z d h e fg yk ;sa CykÅt d k

mi;k sx u g ha d j r h vkSj u g h isV h d ksV d k mi;k sx d j r h g SA i jUrq u o ;kSou k;sa j ax hu

l k fM+;ksa d k mi;ksx rFk k leL r vUr% oL= k sa d k Hk h mi;k sx d j r h gS t ks mu d s u ohu rk

d ks L ohd k j d jus d s y {k .k g SaA b l h izdk j u o; qod vk/kqfu d oL= k sa d k b Lr seky d j r s g Sa

i saV 'kV Z c ax ky h #eky ] V k sih vk fn vkl k u h l s / kkj.k d jr s g SaA

{ks= d s tu tk fr;ksa esa vR;f ? kd mez d s i q#" k , oa ef gy k;sa viu s i jEij k xr

o s'k Hkw" k k es gh g ksr s g Sa i jUr q os viu s i q=&i qf=; ksa d s fy ; s ijE i j kx r oL =k sa d ks gh igu u s

d h ok/;r k u gha d j jgs gSa ;gh dkj.k gS fd bu esa vk /kqfu d oL= ksa d s izf r vk d" kZ.k c<+k

gS &

R kkf yd k Øe k ad 5R kkf yd k Øe k ad 5R kkf yd k Øe k ad 5R kkf yd k Øe k ad 5 ---- 9999 20 o’ kZ i wo Z ig u ko k20 o’ kZ i wo Z ig u ko k20 o’ kZ i wo Z ig u ko k20 o’ kZ i wo Z ig u ko k

Ø ekadØ ekadØ ekadØ ekad ef gyk vksa d k i jEi j kx r ef gyk vksa d k i jEi j kx r ef gyk vksa d k i jEi j kx r ef gyk vksa d k i jEi j kx r

i gu koki gu koki gu koki gu kok

g kg kg kg k WW WW UUUU kkkk gh agh agh agh a ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx

vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1 l kM+h @yagx k 161161161161 64 89 36 250 100

2 Cyk Åt@y agx k 72 28.8 178 71.2 250 100

3 l kM+h @yagx k @CykÅt 73 29.2 177 70.8 250 100

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Øek adØek adØek adØek ad i q:" k d k i jEi j k x r i q:" k d k i jEi j k x r i q:" k d k i jEi j k x r i q:" k d k i jEi j k x r

i gu koki gu koki gu koki gu kok

gk Wgk Wgk Wgk W UUUU kkkk gh agh agh agh a ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx

vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1 yqax h @cfu ; ku 167 66.8 83 33.2 250 100

2 i saV @”kV Z 72 28.8 178 71.2 250 100

3 “kV Z@yqax h 93 37.2 157 72.6 250 100

4 ? kksr h @d qr kZ 116 46.4 134 53.6 250 100

mi j ksD r f ooj.k l s ; g K kr gksr k g S fd c Lr j d s f ”kYid kj 2 0 o’ kZ iwoZ

i jEij k xr ifj /k kuk sa esa gh vf/k d fo” okl d j r s Fk sA vk/k qfu d oL= ksa rd mu d h igqap de

Fk h A

r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5 ---- 10101010

o r Zek u esa v kid s ifj o kj d s ln L;k sa d k i gu kok o r Zek u esa v kid s ifj o kj d s ln L;k sa d k i gu kok o r Zek u esa v kid s ifj o kj d s ln L;k sa d k i gu kok o r Zek u esa v kid s ifj o kj d s ln L;k sa d k i gu kok

Øe kadØe kadØe kadØe kad vo f/kvo f/kvo f/kvo f/k g kWg kWg kWg kW Uk gh aUk gh aUk gh aUk gh a ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx

v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vk o`f rvk o`f rvk o`f rvk o`f r i zf r'kri zf r'kri zf r'kri zf r'kr

1- efg ykvksa

d k igu k ok

l k M+h@yag x k 62 24.8 188 7 5.2 2 50 1 00

Cyk mt@ l kM+h 52 20.8 198 7 9.2 2 50 1 00

yag x k@ l k M+h@Cyk Åt 1 87 74.8 63 2 5.2 2 50 1 00

2 iq:’ kksa d k

ig u kok

'kV Z@i saV 1 39 55.6 111 4 4.4 2 50 1 00

V h&'k V Z 1 45 5 8 105 42 2 50 1 00

yqax h@” kV Z 1 39 55.6 111 4 4.4 2 50 1 00

i saV @cfu ;ku 52 20.8 198 7 9.2 2 50 1 00

/kksr h@d qrhZ 62 24.8 188 7 5.2 2 50 1 00

Rk fyd k l s Li’V 20 o" kZ iwoZ f d r qyu k esa or Zeku esa tu t kfr efgy k rFkk i q:’k

n ksu ksa d s igu k ok esa ,d cM+k ifj or Zu mRr jn k r kvksa d s f op kj k sa l s yx r k gSA u ;h i h<+h

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vk/kqfu d oL= k sa d s i z;ksx d h vk sj c<+ jgh gSA bl d k dk j.k bu {ks= ksa esa b ld h

miy C/kr k gh u gha oju mu d h Ø; “kf Dr d k c < +u k Hk h gSA

i fj ok j d h f d 'kksj o fd ' kksfj ;ksa d k i gu kok i fj ok j d h f d 'kksj o fd ' kksfj ;ksa d k i gu kok i fj ok j d h f d 'kksj o fd ' kksfj ;ksa d k i gu kok i fj ok j d h f d 'kksj o fd ' kksfj ;ksa d k i gu kok

ij ai j kx r :Ik l s QS”ku l cl s T;k n k ;qok vk sa d k s gh i zHkkfor d jr k gSA ifj .kke r%

c kt kj esa vk u s oky h u bZ QS”ku scy diM+ s ;qok vk sa vkSj fd”kksj ox Z d h igy h il an g ksr h

gSA b l fo’ k; esa cLr j d s vkfn okl h fd”kksj ksa vk Sj ;qokvksa d h fLF kfr fd l izd kj d h gS

;g v/;;u d k e q[; fcUn q Fk k ft l ds fo’ k; esa v /;;u x r f”k Yid k j ksa l s rF ;ksa d k

l ady u fd;k x ;k g S ft l s fu Eu r k fyd k esa L i’V fd; k x ;k g S &

r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5 ---- 11111111

if j ok j d h f d 'kkif j ok j d h f d 'kkif j ok j d h f d 'kkif j ok j d h f d 'kk sj o fd ' kksfj ;ksa d k i gu koksj o fd ' kksfj ;ksa d k i gu koksj o fd ' kksfj ;ksa d k i gu koksj o fd ' kksfj ;ksa d k i gu kok

Øe kadØe kadØe kadØe kad v of/kv of/kv of/kv of/k gkWgkWgkWgkW UUUU kkkk ghaghaghagha ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx

vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1 f d'kksj & c jewM +k 160 64 90 36 250 100

V h &'kV Z 192 76.8 58 23.2 250 100

i saV 250 100 - - 250 100

'k V Z 250 100 - - 250 100

cfu ;k u o yqax h 56 22.4 194 77.6 250 100

2- f d'kskf j;ka & ly ok j&d qr kZ 162 88.8 88 11.2 250 100

y gax k* &Cykmt 76 30.4 174 69.6 250 100

mi j ksD r f ooj.k l s ;g Li’V g S fd v/;; u {k s= d s vf /kd ka”k fd” kksj , oa

fd” kksfj ;ka vk/kqfu d oL = ksa d k s ig u r s gS b ld k d kj.k u dsoy u x j h d j.k d h izf Ø;k gS

oju tu t kf r {ks= esa b ld h miyC/k r k vkSj Ø;”k fD r c< +u k e q[; d kj.k g SA

tu t k fr L= h@i q:" k d s igu kok esa i fj or Zu d k d k j.k tu t k fr L= h@i q:" k d s igu kok esa i fj or Zu d k d k j.k tu t k fr L= h@i q:" k d s igu kok esa i fj or Zu d k d k j.k tu t k fr L= h@i q:" k d s igu kok esa i fj or Zu d k d k j.k

tu t kfr laLd `fr dks gh ugha oju f dl h Hk h lH; vkSj vkf n e lekt d h l aLd `fr

d ks vu sd d kjd i zHkkf or d j r k gSA f tlesa ij l aLd `r hxzg .k] l kaL d `frd izl kj rF kk

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l kaLd `frd l a?k’ kZ eq[; d kj .k gks l d r k gSA ,e- ,u - Jhf u ok l u s l aLd `r h d j.k dh

vo/kk j.kk d s vk/k kj ij tu tkf r rFk k fu Eu t kfr;ksa esa g ksu s okys ifj or Zuksa d h vksj

b”kkj k f d;k gS y sfdu vk t vk/kqf u d f ”k{kk] vk/kqf u d hd j. k o vkS| ksx hd j.k dh i zfØ;k

u s foHkhUu l aLd `fr;k sa d k s O ;kid :Ik l s i zHk kfor fd;k g SA b l fo’ k ; esa c Lr j d h

tu t k fr laLd `f r esa ifj or Zu d s eq[ ; d k j.k D ;k gS bl s f u Eu r kfyd k e sa n ” kkZ;k x ;k

gS&

r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5 ---- 12121212

tu t kf r L= h@i q:" k d s i gu k ok e sa if j or Zu d k d kj. k tu t kf r L= h@i q:" k d s i gu k ok e sa if j or Zu d k d kj. k tu t kf r L= h@i q:" k d s i gu k ok e sa if j or Zu d k d kj. k tu t kf r L= h@i q:" k d s i gu k ok e sa if j or Zu d k d kj. k

Øek adØek adØek adØek ad i q:" k d k i jEi j k x r igu ko ki q:" k d k i jEi j k x r igu ko ki q:" k d k i jEi j k x r igu ko ki q:" k d k i jEi j k x r igu ko k

g kWg kWg kWg kW UUUU kkkk gggg hahahaha ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx

v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1 ck t kj d s c< +u s d ks 72 28.8 178 71.2 250 100

2 u x j ksa d s f od k l d ks 212 84.8 38 15.2 250 100

3 vk ; d k c< +u k 147 58.8 103 41.2 250 100

4 oLr qvksa d h vk l ku h ls

miyC /k r k

189 35.6 161 64.4 250 100

mi j ksD r fooj.k d s vk/kk j ij ; g dg k t k l dr k g S fd vf/kd k a”k mRr jn kr k ;g

ek u rs g Sa fd u xj ksa d k f od k l] vk; d k c< +u k rFkk oLr qvk sa d h vk l ku h l s miy C/krk

mu d s igu k ok esa if j or Zu d k d kj .k g SA

i fj ok j esa i zpfyr f ookg d h ek U ;r k i fj ok j esa i zpfyr f ookg d h ek U ;r k i fj ok j esa i zpfyr f ookg d h ek U ;r k i fj ok j esa i zpfyr f ookg d h ek U ;r k

izR;sd lek t esa ifj ok fjd t hou d h LFkkiu k vk Sj f u jar j r k d ks cu k, j[ kus d s

fy , n k s fo" ke fyxk sa d s e/; f d l h u fd lh :Ik es oSokf gd l aca/ k vko”;d :I k l s

n s[ kus d k s fey r k g SA c ksx kMZlc ksx kMZlc ksx kMZlc ksx kMZl 2222 1111 us fook g d k s L= h vkSj iq:" k dks ifj okf jd thou e sa

i zos”k d j ku s ok yh l aLF kk dg k gSA y wl h es; jy wl h es; jy wl h es; jy wl h es; j 2222 2222 us fy [ kk g S fd f ookg L= h iq:" k dk

, sl k ;ksx g S ft l easa L = h l s tUek cP p k ekr k&f ir k d h oS/k lUrku ek u k tk ,A osLV j osLV j osLV j osLV j

ek d Zek d Zek d Zek d Z 2222 3333 f ookg d k s foL r `r :Ik l s ifjHkk f" kr d j r s gq, f y[ k k gS fd fook g ,d ;k vf/k d

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i q:" k d k ,d ;k vf/kd L = h d s l k Fk g ksu s okyk og lac a/k gS f t l s izF kk ;k d kuwu

Lohd kj d j rk g S] f t le sa fookg d ju s okys O;fD r;ksa d s vk Sj ml ls i Sn k gq, laHkkf or

cP p ksa d s ,d n wl j s d s izfr g ksu s oky s vf/kd kj ksa ,o a d Rr ZO;ksa d k lek os”k g ksr k g SA

eqjMk WdeqjMk WdeqjMk WdeqjMk Wd 2222 4444 y x Hk x 250 l ekt ksa d k v/;;u d j b l fu "d" kZ i j igqaps fd l Hkh le kt ksa e sa

¼p kg s vkfn e g ks ;k lH ;½ f ookg d s r hu mn ~n s”; l eku :Ik l s i k;s t kr s gSa ¼1½ ;kSu

l ar qf"V ¼2½ vkf FkZd l g;ksx vk Sj ¼3½ m RiUu l ar ku k sa d k l k ekt h dj.k ,oa ik yu i ks" k .kA

i zLr qr v/;;u e s a v/ ;;u x r lewg d s tu t kfr esa f ookg d s Lo #i e s if j or Zu ksa d k s

fu Eu f can qvksa i j K kr f d;k t k u k vk o”; d i z r hr gksr k gS fd ¼1½ tu t k fr esa f ookg ds

i j aij k x r e kU;rk, a D ;k g S \ ¼2½ fook g d k Lo:I k D ;k gS \ ¼ 3½ oj&o/kq d s p qu o d k

vk/kkj D ;k g S ¼4½ fook g d h i zfØ;k fd l izdkj l EiUu d j kb Z t kr h g S \ bUg h fcUn qvk s a

i j tu t k fr nks esa g ks jg s ifj or Zu ksa d ks n s[ k k t k u k lek t ”kkL =h ; n f"V ls rd Z l ax r

gk sx k &

r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5 ---- 13131313

i fj okj e sa i zpfyr fookg d h e kU ;r k i fj okj e sa i zpfyr fookg d h e kU ;r k i fj okj e sa i zpfyr fookg d h e kU ;r k i fj okj e sa i zpfyr fookg d h e kU ;r k

d zek add zek add zek add zek ad vo f/kvo f/kvo f/kvo f/k v ko f rv ko f rv ko f rv ko f r i zfr'k ri zfr'k ri zfr'k ri zfr'k r

1 ,d fookg 232 92-8

2 - cg qfookg 18 7-2

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250 100

r kfy d k d s fo”ky s’ k.k l s Li’V g S fd orZeku esa vf/kd k a”k 92-8 izfr ”kr tu t kr h;

ifj okj ksa esa ,d fook g d k i zpy u g SA dsoy 7-2 izf r”kr mRr jn kr kvk sa u s g h cgqf ookg

i zFkk izpfy r gk su h d h t ku d kj h fn ;k gSA

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20 o" kZ i woZ i zpf yr f ookg d k Lo:i % &20 o" kZ i woZ i zpf yr f ookg d k Lo:i % &20 o" kZ i woZ i zpf yr f ookg d k Lo:i % &20 o" kZ i woZ i zpf yr f ookg d k Lo:i % &

mRr jn kr kvksa l s {k s= esa 20 o’kZ iwoZ i zpf yr fookg d s Lo:I k d ks Hk h K kr fd;k

x ;k g SA ft l ds fo’ k; e sa izkI r rF; ksa d ks f u Eu r kf yd k e sa n ”kk Z;k x ;k gS &

r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5 ---- 14141414

20 o" kZ i wo Z fo okg d h i zpf yr ekU ;r k 20 o" kZ i wo Z fo okg d h i zpf yr ekU ;r k 20 o" kZ i wo Z fo okg d h i zpf yr ekU ;r k 20 o" kZ i wo Z fo okg d h i zpf yr ekU ;r k

d zek add zek add zek add zek ad v of /kv of /kv of /kv of /k v ko `frv ko `frv ko `frv ko `fr i zfr 'kri zfr 'kri zfr 'kri zfr 'kr

1 ,d fookg 206 82-4

2- Ck gqfookg 44 17-6

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250 100

r kfy d k d s f o”k ys’ k. k l s Li’V gS f d 20 o’ kZ i woZ i zpf yr f ookg d s Lo: Ik esa

vf/kd ka” k 82 -4 i zfr”k r tu t kr h; if j ok j ksa esa ,d fook g d k i zpy u gSA dsoy 17 -6

i zfr”kr mRr jn krk vksa u s gh cg qf ookg izF kk i zpfyr g ksu h d h t k u d kjh fn ;k gSA

izkI r rF;ksa l s Li’V g S fd 20 o’ kZ i woZ rF kk or Ze ku esa f ookg d s izpfy r Lo:Ik e sa

d ksb Z fo”ks’ k vUr j u gh a vk ;k gSA

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tu t k r h; e fgy kvk sa esa i zpf yr tu t k r h; e fgy kvk sa esa i zpf yr tu t k r h; e fgy kvk sa esa i zpf yr tu t k r h; e fgy kvk sa esa i zpf yr v k Hkw" k .k , oa v k Hkw" k .k , oa v k Hkw" k .k , oa v k Hkw" k .k , oa x g u ksa d k i zd kj %&x g u ksa d k i zd kj %&x g u ksa d k i zd kj %&x g u ksa d k i zd kj %&

e ksgUr h ¼ 2008e ksgUr h ¼ 2008e ksgUr h ¼ 2008e ksgUr h ¼ 2008 ½ 25 d k v/; ;u og Li"V d j r k gS fd x guk sa d s izf r : > ku esa ;g

i k;k x ;k gS f d vk S|kSf x d dsUn zksa o lM+d ekx Z l s yx s x kaoksa esa vk /k qfu d x g uksa d k

i zpy u c< +k g S tcfd n wj LFk Js= ksa esa f LF kfr vHkh Hkh vifj or Zu ”kh y gSA cLr j e sa l ksu k

tu t k fr;ksa d k il an hn k x guk ek u k t kr k gSA b l fo" k; e sa ; g ck r i zpf yr gS]

[ k ku s&ih u s d ks jg s ;k uk jgs l ksu k t: j j[ kr s gSA xj hc ls x j h c tut k r h; ifj okj Hkh

l ksu k [ kj hn u s d h bP Nk j[ kr k gSA eqf j;k tu t k fr esa l ksu k ds vf r fjD r p kan h rFkk

fx y V /kkr q d s x gu s d k Hkh i zpyu gSA t ks O; fD r l ksu k u gha [ kj h n ikr s os p kan h l s cu s

x gu s ig u d j Lo;a dk s lar q" V d j y sr s g SaA v/;;u xr lewg d s mRr jn kr kvksa d s

i l an hn k xgu s l ac a/k h fo oj.k f u Eu r kf yd k e sa f n ;k x ;k gS%&

r k f yd k Øekad & 5r k f yd k Øekad & 5r k f yd k Øekad & 5r k f yd k Øekad & 5 ---- 15151515

i zpfy r i zpfy r i zpfy r i zpfy r vk Hk w" k.k , o a vk Hk w" k.k , o a vk Hk w" k.k , o a vk Hk w" k.k , o a x gu k sa d k i zd kjx gu k sa d k i zd kjx gu k sa d k i zd kjx gu k sa d k i zd kj

ØØØØ x gu kx gu kx gu kx gu k vko `fRrvko `fRrvko `fRrvko `fRr i zf ri zf ri zf ri zf r zz zz 'kr'kr'kr'kr

1

2

3

4

5

l ksu k

p kan h

fx y V

vkf V ZfQf l;y

lHk h i zd kj d s

107

79

07

22

35

42 -8

31 -6

2-8

8-8

14

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

mi j ksD r r kfyd k l s Li"V g S f d T;kn k rj 42 -8 i zfr” kr mRr jnk r kvksa u s l ksu k dk s

viu h ig yh i l an c ryk; k gS] tcf d 31 -6 i zfr”k r yksx k sa u s pk an h ds x gu s d ks rFkk 2-8

i zfr”kr y ksx ksa u s f x yV x gu s d ks ig yh i l an c ry k;k g SA 8-8 i zfr”kr us cu k oV h x gu ksa

d ks tcfd 14 i zfr”k r u s lHk h i zd kj d s x gu ksa d s i zpy u d h t k u d kj h f n ;k g SA Li" Vr%

;g dgk t k ld r k gS fd tu t kr h; {ks= ksa e sa l ksu s d s x gu s T;kn k i l an fd, t kr s gSaA

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ef gyk vk sa d s vkHk w" k.k ,o a x gu k sa e sa if j or Zu ef gyk vk sa d s vkHk w" k.k ,o a x gu k sa e sa if j or Zu ef gyk vk sa d s vkHk w" k.k ,o a x gu k sa e sa if j or Zu ef gyk vk sa d s vkHk w" k.k ,o a x gu k sa e sa if j or Zu

efg ykvksa d s i jEij kx r vkHk w" k.k , oa xg u ksa e sa vk/k qfu d hd j.k d k i zHkko vk t

Li"V :Ik l s n s[ k k t k l d r k g SA L= h rFk k i q#" k or Zeku esa viu s ik jEifjd vk Hk w" k.k , oa

x gu s d s fl ok ; L Fkk u h; c kt kj ksa e sa mi yC/k v k/kqfu d vkHkw" k.k ,ao x gu s d k Hk h bLr seky

d ju k ' kq# d j p qds g SaA bu d s oSokf gd rFk k lk aLd `frd d k; ZØeksa esa ;s vk/kqfu d vkHk w" k.k

/kk j.k d j rh g SA f L=;k¡ j ax hu pwfM+;k ¡] Qsal h e kyk ;s] i k;y ] V ki] d. kZQwy] fØ LV y

vax wB h] vk fn d k iz;ksx d j jgh gSaA i q#" k Hkh ck t kj ksa l s [ k jhnk gqvk d `f=e /kkrq d s

ek yk] vax wB h vkfn d k i z;ksx d j j gs gSA bld s l kFk g h ;s vU; l k t J`ax kj d s l k/ku

t Sl s p'ek] ? kM+h] csYV dM+k vkf n Hkh mi; ksx d j jgs gSA ifj or Zu dh bl fL Fkfr d ks

v/; ;u esa 'k kfe y le L r x zke ksa es a l eku vo yks du fd;k x ;k gS &

RRRR kkkk kfyd k Øek ad 5kfyd k Øek ad 5kfyd k Øek ad 5kfyd k Øek ad 5 ---- 16161616

ef gy kvk sa d s vk Hk w" k.k ,o a x gu s e sa if j or Zuef gy kvk sa d s vk Hk w" k.k ,o a x gu s e sa if j or Zuef gy kvk sa d s vk Hk w" k.k ,o a x gu s e sa if j or Zuef gy kvk sa d s vk Hk w" k.k ,o a x gu s e sa if j or Zu

Øe kadØe kadØe kadØe kad v k/kqf u d v k Hkw" k. k , oa v k/kqf u d v k Hkw" k. k , oa v k/kqf u d v k Hkw" k. k , oa v k/kqf u d v k Hkw" k. k , oa x g u s d k i z;ksx x g u s d k i z;ksx x g u s d k i z;ksx x g u s d k i z;ksx

gkWgkWgkWgkW UUUU kkkk g hag hag hag ha ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1 Qsal h ek yk 191 76.4 59 23.6 250 100

2 vax wB h N Yy k 180 72 70 28 250 100

3 j ax hu pwf M+;k 160 64 90 36 250 100

4 d.k ZQwy 112 44.8 138 55.2 250 100

5 i k;y 80 32 170 68 250 100

Page 21: v /; k; & 5v /; k; & 5 t utk rh; Jfed k a d k m|kxs e a d ...shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/99201/11/11_chapter 5.pdf · eg qvk ] ve:n] u he] rkM] cj] r sna ]w ihiy ]

mi j ksD r fo”ys" k .k ds v k/kk j ij ;g dgk t k ld r k g S fd v/;;u x r leqg d s

vf/kd ka” k m Rr jn kr k bl c kr l s l ge r gS fd vkt efg yk ,a vk/kq fu d vkHkw" k.kk sa ,o a

x gu ksa d k iz;k sx d j jg ha gSA bl r F; d ks Hkh tu t k fr ij vk/kqf u d hd j.k d s i zHkko ds

:Ik esa n s[ kk t k ld r k gSA

n so h&n sor k d h v j k/ku k % &n so h&n sor k d h v j k/ku k % &n so h&n sor k d h v j k/ku k % &n so h&n sor k d h v j k/ku k % &

n soh n sor kvksa l s l ac af /kr bu d h vu sd k u sd ekU; r k ;sa gSa t k s fu Eu k u qlkj gSa&

c w< +k n so c w< +k n so c w< +k n so c w< +k n so

;g tu t kfr y ksx ksa d k izeq[ k nsor k g SaA b ld k f u okl LFkku xzk e ds c hp ksa&ch p

pcwr j s i j gk sr k g SA ;g x zke j{kd nsor k gSA tu t k fr yk sx viu s izR ;sd ek ax fyd d k;Z

, oa t kfr i ap k ;r c SB d d k i zkj aHk c w< +k n s o d h i wt k& vpZu k l s 'k q# d j r s gSA c w< +k n so

d k L Fkk u fg Unwvk s a es a Þf ' k oß d s l eku g SA

B kd qj n so B kd qj n so B kd qj n so B kd qj n so

cLr j d s tu t kf r;ksa esa B k d qj nso d h e kU;r k x zke j {kd dh g ksssr h gS b lf y,

b ld h L Fkkiu k xk¡ o d s l jgn i j g kssr h g SA B kd qj n so d h izfre k Lo#i i RFkj r Fkk

fe V ~Vh d ks c Sy j[ kk t kr k gSA i zfrdk Re d n `f"V d ks.k l s ;g Hk h f'ko d h izf rek l s

fe yr h t qyr h g SA pS= ,oa cS'k k[ k d h ek g esa bld h fo'ks" k iwt k gksr h gSA iwt k f of /k cSxk

d s } kj k l aiUu d h t kr h gSa ft l esa eqx hZ&eqxkZ , oa cd j s d h cfy p< +k b Z t k r h gSA Bkd qj

n so d s LFk ku ij cf y p< +s i zk .kh dk fl j d k V d j x <+k fn ;k tkr k g Sa] fd ck gj h

vfu "V d k jh 'k fD r;ksa l s j{kk d j r k gSA

n ar s'o j h n soh n ar s'o j h n soh n ar s'o j h n soh n ar s'o j h n soh

;g tu t kf r;ksa d h x zke n soh gSA bl d h iwt k &vp Zu k os vk" kk <+ ekg e sa d j r s g SaA

i zk;% bl d h iwt k d s fy;s vkli kl d s c kgj x k ¡ o d s y ksx “k kfey gksr s gSaA tu tkfr

yk sx n ar s”oj h d h i wt k d s fy;s eafn j d k f uekZ. k d jr s gSaA n ar s”oj h n soh d k lac a/k ;s

c Lr j d s n ar sokM +k es LF kkf ir nar s”oj h l s cr kr s gSA n ar s' oj h d h iwt k d s f n u yk sx v iu s

vkil h fookn ksa d k Hk h fu iV kjk d jr s gS bl i zd kj nar s”oj h n soh d s i wtu d k egRoiw.k Z

l k ekf td l j ksd kj Hkh gSA

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'kh ryk ekr k'kh ryk ekr k'kh ryk ekr k'kh ryk ekr k

'khry k x kW o d h LoLF; jf{kd k nsoh gksr h g SA b ld h LF kkiu k x kW o d s ekr k xqM+h

esa g ksr h gSA ek rk xqM+h d k e ryc ekr k d s jgu s d h > ksiM+h gSA tutk fr ds yk sx xkW o e sa

o" kZ esa ,d ck j pSr ekg e sa eaM+bZ d k d k;Zd ze d j r s gSaA ft ld s f y;s x kW o d s lHkh

O;f Dr ;ksa d ks e kr k x qM+h esa mifLF kr g ksu k iM+r k gSaA tgk a nsoh i wt k i'p kr ~ c Sxk ,d

fe V zVh ds c r Zu d s i ku h d ks u he d h if Rr;ks l s lc d s mi j fN M+d r k gSA bu dh

ek U;r k g S fd bl ls x k W o e sa gk su s okyh [ k qt yh] c q[ kkj] n Lr] pspd vk fn c he kj h u gha

vkr hA ;s “ khry k ek r k mu d h ekax s v o” ; iwj h d j r h g Sa &

R k kfy d k Øek ad 5R k kfy d k Øek ad 5R k kfy d k Øek ad 5R k kfy d k Øek ad 5 ---- 17171717

n soh &n sor k vksa d h iwt kn soh &n sor k vksa d h iwt kn soh &n sor k vksa d h iwt kn soh &n sor k vksa d h iwt k

Ø - l a- n soh&n sor k 20 o" k Z iwoZ

vk - @ i z-

or Ze ku esa

vk- @ iz-

1-

2-

3-

4-

5-

n soh n ar s”oj h

d kyh

cq< +k n so

x zkE; n so

'kh ryk ekr k

250 ¼100½

250 ¼100½

250 ¼100½

250 ¼100½

250 ¼100½

250 ¼ 100½

250 ¼ 100½

250 ¼ 100½

250 ¼ 100½

250 ¼ 100½

mi j ksD r r k fyd k ls L i’V gS f d lr ~ i zfr ”kr mRr jn kr k viu s ijEi j kx r nsoh

n sor kvksa d h 20 o’ k Z iw oZ rF kk vkt Hk h i qt k d j r s g Sa ft l esa n Ur s” oj h n soh ] c q< +k n sok

x zkE; n so eq[ ; gSA ;g rF; L i’V dj r k g S fd v/;;u x r f”k Yid k j ksa e sa f”kYidyk

O;ol k ; l s l ayXu r k ds c kn Hkh mu ds n soh n sor k vk sa d s iwt u d k;Z esa d ksb Z f o”k s’ k vUr j

u g ha vk;k g SA

n so h&n sor k vk sa d s Lo#i ksa esa i fj o rZun so h&n sor k vk sa d s Lo#i ksa esa i fj o rZun so h&n sor k vk sa d s Lo#i ksa esa i fj o rZun so h&n sor k vk sa d s Lo#i ksa esa i fj o rZu

tu t kfr /k kfeZd t hou esa vk/kqfu d hd j.k l s cgqr ifj or Zu fn[ kkb Z iM+ j gk g SaA ; s

vkt viu h n soh &n sokr k d s l kFk &l kFk Hk xoku f 'ko] gu qe ku t h] n qxk Z rF kk y{eh vkfn

d h Hkh iwt k d ju k 'kq# d j pqd s gSaaA bu d h n soh &n sor kvksa d k vkd k j&i zd kj fu f' pr

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u g ha g ksr k g Sss] ft ld s d kj.k bu d s ? kj ksa esa b u d s n soh&n sor k d s Qks V ks u gha gksr s ijUr q

bu d s ? kj ksa esa vc n qx kZ] y {e h] ct j ax cy h ,oa Hk x ok u f'ko ds QksV k s vkl kuh l s ns[ ks t k

ld r s g Sa vF kkZr vc l s viu s n s or k d s l k Fk fgUn q nsoh&n sor kvk s a d k s Hk h Lohd kj d j jgs

gSA tu t k fr;ksa d s n soh&n sor k d k LF kku izk;% isM +] i ks[ k j ;k pV ~V ku gksr k F kk ijUr q

vc l s ml s eaf n jks d k #i n s jgs g Sa db Z txg l s n soh &n s or k vk sa d h ewfr Z , oa fp = Hkh

cu ku s yx s g Sa f t lesa f gUn w n sor kvksa d h > yd Li" V fey r h gSaA ;s viu s n sf o;k sa d h iwt k

rF kk mu d s Lo#I k d h dYiu k f gan w n soh n qxkZ e kr k ls d j r s gSa ,oa mu d k mlh izd kj

J`axk j Hkh d ju s yx s g SA

tu t k fr d h n soh&n so r kv ksa d h i wt k fof /k;k sa e sa ifj or Zutu t k fr d h n soh&n so r kv ksa d h i wt k fof /k;k sa e sa ifj or Zutu t k fr d h n soh&n so r kv ksa d h i wt k fof /k;k sa e sa ifj or Zutu t k fr d h n soh&n so r kv ksa d h i wt k fof /k;k sa e sa ifj or Zu

c Lr j d s tut kf r viu s l eLr n soh&n sor k vk sa d h i wt k ,d gh fof/k l s d j r s

gSaa ft l esa cfy , oa 'kj k c p< +ku k vfu ok;Z gksr k g S i jUr q vc bu d s i w t k fof/k;k sa e sa db Z

i zd kj ds ea= ksP pk j.k] t ; d kj s rF kk t;? k ks”k ,oa vksad k j t ki vkfn d k Hk h l ekos'k gk s

jg k g SaA ;s viu s i kjEi fjd i wtu l kex zh d s Lfkk u i j c kt k j l s [ kj hn k gqvk u kfj ;y]

vx jcRr h ] /kwi] x qyk y vkfn d k i z;ksx d ju s y x s gSaA bru k gh u gha cfYd n soh i wtu esa]

l h Mh] d Sl sV ] fo| qr lTt k vk fn d k Hkj iwj i z;ksx fd;k t krk g Saa ft l l s bu d h ewy iwt k

fof/k izHk kfor gqbZ gSA vc c Lr j d s tu t kfr y ksx fgan w fof/k d h r j g vkjr h d ju k]

gou d ju k t k i d juk vkfn f of /k viu k p qd s g SaA b l h i zd kj os Qw y ] u kf j;y] l qik M+h]

vke d h ifRr;k ¡] xax kty d ks Hkh i wt k fof/k d h l ke xzh ds #i esa mi; ksx d jus yx s g SaA

v/; ;u esa 'kkf ey fod kl [ k. M e q[;ky ; d s l ehi LFk x zk eksa d s ifj okj ksa d h i wt k fof/k;k sa

esa r hozr k l s ifj or Zu g ks jg k gSA

tu t k fr d h n soh&n so r kv ksa d h ekU;r k vk sa e sa if j or Zutu t k fr d h n soh&n so r kv ksa d h ekU;r k vk sa e sa if j or Zutu t k fr d h n soh&n so r kv ksa d h ekU;r k vk sa e sa if j or Zutu t k fr d h n soh&n so r kv ksa d h ekU;r k vk sa e sa if j or Zu

cLr j d s tu t kr h; {ks= esa fiN ys ,d l s nks n ” kd ksa d s chp x k ;= h lEi zn k;

rF kk iztk fir k c zEgdqekj h d s i zpk j i zl kj l s H kh tu tk r h; /kkfe Zd th ou izHkk for gqvk

gSA bl h i zdkj {k s= esa j k/kk Lokeh lRl ax ] lnQy n so d s vu qvk f;;ksa } kj k i zpk j i zl kj

fd, t ku s l s Hkh tu t kr h ; t hou 'kSy h i zHk kfo r g qvk g S AAAA 26262626

Page 24: v /; k; & 5v /; k; & 5 t utk rh; Jfed k a d k m|kxs e a d ...shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/99201/11/11_chapter 5.pdf · eg qvk ] ve:n] u he] rkM] cj] r sna ]w ihiy ]

c Lr j ds tu t kfr ds n soh&n sor kvks a l ac a/kh /k kfeZd ekU;r kvk sa esa Hkh ifj orZu vk;k

gSA iwoZ d h r qyu k esa bu d h /kkfeZd fo'okl ,oa vkL Fkk de gqb Z gSaaA igys Q ly d k s cksu s

l s i woZ f' kd kj i j t ku s d s i woZ rFk k vU; d k ;Z vkj aHk d ju s l s i woZ fd l h u fdl h izd kj

d h /kk feZd fd;k d jr s Fk sA i jUr q vc u o;q od b l s vf u ok ;Z u gha ek u rs vkSj cx Sj

/kk feZd fo/kku f d;s gh Ql y d h cqvkb Z o dV kb Z] d j r s g Sa ; k f'kd k j ij pys t kr s g SA

d qN i<+s fy [ ks n soh&n sor k d s u ke i j i'k qvk sa d h cfy d s foj k s/kh g ks x ;s gSaA ;s dgr s g Sa

fd i'kqvksa d h cfy l s n soh i zlUu u gha g ksu s okyh g S ge sa v iu h [ k q' kgkyh d s f y;s i' kq vk sa

d h cfy d s ct k ; mud h j{kk dj u h p kfg ,A ;s n sor k vk sa d k s cx Sj cfy f n ;s iwt k f of/k

d ks vP N k eku r s g SaA d qN viu s i kjEifjd n soh &n sokr kvk sa d s L Fkk u i j ct j ax cy h]

x k;= h ] rFkk j k/kkLokeh d s mi kld cu x ;s gSaA ck gj h /k eZ d s yksx ksa d k izokl Hkh mu d s

/kk feZd rk d ks izHk kfor d ju s esa e gR oi w.kZ Hkwf ed k f u Hkkr s n s[ kk x ;k A n wjLFk ,oa e/;e n wj h

esa fLF kr if j okj ksa d h n soh&n sor k l ac a/k h ekU;r k vk sa e sa fLF kj r k gS ij Ur q fod kl [ k.M d s

le hi LFk xzk eksa d s ifj okj k sa esa ifj or Zu i k;k x ;k A

ewf r Z iwt k gksu k ewf r Z iwt k gksu k ewf r Z iwt k gksu k ewf r Z iwt k gksu k &

cLr j fty s d s tu t krh; Jfed i j aij k x r :Ik ls ewf r Ziwtd u g ha eku h t kr h gS

D ;ksafd mu d s vj k/; ve wr Z g ksr s g SaA V k sV e gh mu d h /kkf eZd vk LFkk d k d sUæ fcUn q g ksr k

gS t k s fd ewr Z g ksr k g SA bl d s c kn Hk h c Lr j ftys d s tu t k r h; Jfe d k sa d s /k kfe Zd n soh

n sor kvksa d k L o:Ik i zr hd kRed g ksr k g SA vk/kqf u d hdj. k d s Q yLo: Ik bl esa vk af”k d

ifj or Zu n s[ kk t k ld r k gS vkSj /khj s&/k hj s mu esa e wfr Zi wt k d k izpyu c< +k gSA ; g ckr

N Rr h lx <+ j kT; d s x ksaM] e qfj;k ] dksj ok] g Yck tu t k fr ds v/ ;;u ksa l s Li"V gks p qdk

gSA c Lr j f tys d s tu t k r h; Jfe d Hkh b l l s vi zkfor u g ha jg k gSA

le qn k; e s or Ze ku esa f d l i zd kj f pf d Rl k i j fo ”okl le qn k; e s or Ze ku esa f d l i zd kj f pf d Rl k i j fo ”okl le qn k; e s or Ze ku esa f d l i zd kj f pf d Rl k i j fo ”okl le qn k; e s or Ze ku esa f d l i zd kj f pf d Rl k i j fo ”okl

tu tkf r;ksa d s L okLF ; mip kj l ac a/kh v/; ;u esa i k. Ms; , oa fr o kj h ¼1993½i k. Ms; , oa fr o kj h ¼1993½i k. Ms; , oa fr o kj h ¼1993½i k. Ms; , oa fr o kj h ¼1993½ 27272727

u s ;g i k;k fd 70 i zfr”k r tu t kfr x qfu ;k l s by kt d j ok ;k Fkk A d qt wj ¼2008½d qt wj ¼2008½d qt wj ¼2008½d qt wj ¼2008½ 28282828 u s

d ksj oka tu t k fr ds v/ ;;u esa ;g i k;k g S fd 32 -8 i zfr”k r tu t kfr x qfu ;k cSxk rFkk

? kj syw mi pk j d s ek /;e l s f ce kfj;k sa d k bykt d j ok r sa gSA

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tu t kr h; {ks= ksa e sa fpfdRl k lqf o/kk vksa d h deh gS] fpfdRl d ksa d h deh gS]

i Sj k&esfMdy LV k i d h deh g S] t ks d k ;Zj r g Sa] os Hk h viu s eq[; ky; esa u g ha jgr s gSa]

mu d h miy C/kr k x zk eokfl; ksa d ks lg t :i l s u gha g S] vr% tu t kr h; {ks= ksa esa LokLF;

f'k {k k d h t ku dkjh u gah fe y ik r h gSA mUgsa ;s u g h ek ywe] fd fpfdRl k foK k u u s vkt

fd r u h izx fr d j yh g SA mUgsa ;s u gha ek ywe] f d 'k kld h ; vLi r ky ksa e as mUgsa fu %'k qYd

fpfdRl k d h l qfo/kk miyC/k gSA u r ks LokLF ; ;k stu kvks d h d ksb Z t ku d kj h g S] vk Sj u

gh ml d k yk Hk ysu s d h izf Ø;k d h gh t ku d kj h gSA u rks mUgsa ch ekj h ds f o:)

l qj{kk Red mi k;k sa d h t ku d kj h gS] vkSj u gh mip kj k Red mi k;k s a d h gh t k u d kj h gSA

vr% o s L ok LF; l qf o/kk vk sa d k] LokLF ; ;kstu k vksa d k y k Hk u g ha ys i k r sgSA b ld k ifj.kke

;g gksr k gS] fd vkt H kh tu t krh ; {k s= ksa e sa e ysfj;k ] Mk ;fj;k] jD r vYir k ] f ldyl sy]

{k; vkfn l k/kkj.k c hekfj;ksa l s eg kekj h d s :i e sa e`R;q gk sr s jgr h gS] t ks fd tu t krh;

ifj okj ksa d s l keu s ,d x aHkh j le L;k cu p qd h g SA

g lu Sug lu Sug lu Sug lu Su ¼1976½¼1976½¼1976½¼1976½ 29292929 u s L i"V fd;k fd tu t kr h; leqn k; esa i jEi j k xr f pfdRldk sa

d h f pf dRl k gh l ar qf"V i zn ku dj r h g SA e Sdfyu ¼1965½e Sdfyu ¼1965½e Sdfyu ¼1965½e Sdfyu ¼1965½ 30303030 us tu t k fr {ks= ksa e sa fpfdRl k

i)fr l aca/k h v/;; u esa Li"V f d;k fd tut kf r le qn k; esa ijEi j kx r f pf dRl k d s

i zfr mu d k fo'okl vV wV gSA b l h i zd kj d qek j vkSj e S= k ¼1975½d qek j vkSj e S= k ¼1975½d qek j vkSj e S= k ¼1975½d qek j vkSj e S= k ¼1975½ 31313131 d s v/ ;;u l s L i"V

gS fd c ky e`R;q] ,usfe ;k] n L r vkf n j ksx ksa d ks Fkk : tu t kfr ijEij k x r f pfdRl k

i)fr;k sa } kj k mip kj d ju s d k i z; kl d j r s gSA

eSj h;V ¼1955½eSj h;V ¼1955½eSj h;V ¼1955½eSj h;V ¼1955½ 3333 2222 ] V ju j ¼1963½] V ju j ¼1963½] V ju j ¼1963½] V ju j ¼1963½ 3333 3333 ] yh ok u ¼1966½] yh ok u ¼1966½] yh ok u ¼1966½] yh ok u ¼1966½ 3333 4444 i zsc sx k ¼1970½ ] esV t j i zsc sx k ¼1970½ ] esV t j i zsc sx k ¼1970½ ] esV t j i zsc sx k ¼1970½ ] esV t j

v kSj fo fy;e ¼1970½v kSj fo fy;e ¼1970½v kSj fo fy;e ¼1970½v kSj fo fy;e ¼1970½ 3333 5555 ] i zsc sx k vkSj fly oj ¼1970½] i zsc sx k vkSj fly oj ¼1970½] i zsc sx k vkSj fly oj ¼1970½] i zsc sx k vkSj fly oj ¼1970½ 36363636 ] Qkn j c ksf M ax ¼ 1925½] Qkn j c ksf M ax ¼ 1925½] Qkn j c ksf M ax ¼ 1925½] Qkn j c ksf M ax ¼ 1925½ 37373737 d s

v/; ;u l s Li"V gqvk gS f d vu sd vk fn e tu t kf r;k¡ Lok LF;x r le L;kvksa d ks n Soh;

'kf D r l s t k sM+d j n s[ krs gSa vkSj j ksx ksa d k mip kj ra=&ea= > kaM+& Qwad] t k nw&V ksu k] iwt k

i kB vkSj tM+h c wfV ; ksa d k i z;ksx } k j k d jus d k iz;k l d j r s gSA

;g ckr vkt f”k f{kr yksx Hkh Lohd kjr s gS fd O;fDr ch ekj g ksu s ij fd l h Hkh

i zd kj l s LoLF k g ksu k p kgr k g S] vk Sj b ld s fy, og u d soy fu f t MkWDV j oju

c Sxk &x qf u ;k fd Hk h e nn y sr k g SA tu t k fr {ks= k sa esa ijEi j kx r :Ik l s bl izd k j d h

ek U;r k, a T; kn k n s[ kh t kr h gSA D ;ksafd tu t kfr l eqn k; i zd `fr d s d j h c gksu s d s d kj.k

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bu ckr ksa esa og T;k n k fo”okl d j r k gSA bl c kr d h i q"V h f of Hk Uu “kks/k v/;;u k sa c kl q c kl q c kl q c kl q

lf yy ¼ 1993½lf yy ¼ 1993½lf yy ¼ 1993½lf yy ¼ 1993½ 38383838 l s gk sr k g SA

iqj kru e kU;r k ,Wa dHkh& dHkh u ohu yk Hkksa l s O; f Dr d ks oafp r d j kr h g SA n ar sokMk

fty s d s l an Hk Z esa ;g ck r v{k j”k% ykx w g ksr h g SA ;gkWa d s yk sx c hekj h d ks viu s

jg u &l gu o vk n rksa dk ifj .kke ugha eku r s oju ~ bl s nsoh ;k n sor k d s u kj kt gks t ku s

d k ifj. kke eku rs gSa] bl fy, c hek j gk s t ku s i j b ld k byk t d joku s d s ct k; ;s

yk sx fl jgk ;k x qfu ;k d s i kl nsoh n sor k d ks izl Uu d jus d k mi k; i wN r s gSaA fl jgk

og O;fD r gksr k gS t ks n so d k vk âku d j r k g S r Fkk n so d s dF ku d ks lcd ks le> krk

gSA dbZ ck j yksx c hekj gksu s d s ck n Hkh n okb Z u g ha [ kkr sA b l d kj.k Hkh bl {ks= e sa

l aØ k e.k o e kSle h c hek fj;ksa l s ,d gh L Fkk u i j vu sd y ksx ksa d h e`R;q gks t kr h g SA

cLr j esa gksu s ok y s j k sx ksa d k s n k s Hkkx k sa es a ck aV k t k ld r k gSA i zFke i zd kj e sa os

j ksx g S] f tu dk l aca/k {ks= d h l k ekft d&l kaLd `fr d ,oa HkkSx ksf yd ifj os”k l s gS]

t Sl s&ef gy kvk sa o cP p ksa esa d qiks" k.k o mu l s tfu r j ksx t Sl s&j r ksa/k h] ,fu fe ;k] cP p s d s

tUe d s i' p kr ~ r hj l s u ky d kVu s d s fj ok t d s d kj. k g ksu s oky k fV Vu l ] l kai o

fcP N q d s d kV u s l s g ksu s okys j k sx rFk k V h-c h- o d q" B j ksx vkfn izeq[ k g SA

n wl js i zd kj ds j ksx dk lac a/k e kSle l s gSA tc fd l ku d s } kj k ?kj d k cht

[ k sr ksa esa Mky fn ; k t kr k gS vkSj ml ds ik l [ kku s d s fy , d qN u g ha cp k gk sr k gSA rc

c j l kr dk i wj k ekSl e bu d s fy , d "V d j gksr k gS vkSj d qi ks" k .k d s d kj.k gksu s okyh

c hek fj ;ka rFkk nwf" kr ty l s] eP N j ksa l s iu iu s l s g ksu s okyh l okZf/k d ch ekf j;ka b l h

ek Sle esa g ksr h gSA ftl esa eysf j;k] V kbQ kbM] Msax w] m YV h&n Lr] i hf y;k i zeq[ k blh

i zd kj x ehZ d s ekSl e esa x an s ik u h ls u g ku s i j [ kqtyh ] u eh o xeh Z l s Q ax l tU; peZ

j ksx Hkh cgqr gksr k gSA ft l esa n kn d kQh r kn kr e sa n s[ kk t k ldr k gSA bu r eke

fo" ke r kvksa d s ck n Hk h ,d l q[ kn rF; ;g gS fd ; gka ij fL=;k sa d h la[; k i q:" kksa l s

vf/kd gSA t k s b l c kr d ks L i"V d j r k gS fd ; gka ij yM+d k vkSj yMd h d s i kyu

i ks" k. k o [ kk u &i ku esa f d l h Hkh izd kj d k Hksn Hk ko u gha gSA

l ke kU;r% xk Wao d s lHkh y ksx ksa d ks t ax yh tMh&cwfV ;ksa d k K k u gksr k g S vkSj

c hek j g ksu s i j m ip kj esa ;g h tMh c wfV ;kW a mi; ksx esa yk;h t kr h g SA bl {ks= d s yksx k sa

esa ;g i zcy e kU;r k g S f d igy s cMs l s cMs vl k/; j ksx ksa d k byk t bUgh a tMh &c wfV ;k sa

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d s } kj k fd;k t kr k Fkk] fdUrq ;g K ku nwl j k sa d ks u gha cr k us d h i j aij k d s d kj.k

yqI rizk ; g ks p qd k gSA fQj Hkh l k ekU; c hek fj;kW a t Sls&ey sfj;k d s m ip kj esa fp j k ;r s d s

iRr s d k d k< k fn ;k t ku k ;k pi ksM+k l s viu s vk id ks dV oku k t Sl k mip kj x zkeh.k tu

Lo;a d j r s g SaA che kj h d h fL Fkf r esa fl jgk x qfu ;k d s ik l t k u k mUgsa ,d i zd kj l s

eu ksoSK kfu d cy izn k u d j r k g SA

mi j ksD r re ke c kr ksa l s ;g L i"V g S fd c L r j esa vf 'k{kk vkSj va / kfo'okl u s

LokLF ; i j l adV d h fLF kfr mRiUu d h g SA i j aij k x r ek U;rkvksa d s d kj. k Hkksys &Hkky s

vkfn okl h N ksV h l s N ksV h c hek j h esa Hk h t ku x oka n sr s gSaA

iap k;r h j kt O;oLFk k ds i' pk r ~ fLFk fr esa l q/k kj t: j gqvk g S] ysf du iz'k klu d s

} kj k vke y ksx ksa esa t k x :d r k y kus d s reke i z;Ru ksa d s ck n Hk h fLFk fr fpar k tu d cuh

gq; h gSA ft ld k d k j.k b l {ks= d k u Dlyh l eL;k l s i zHk kfor g ksu k gSA ;gkWa

fpfdRl ky; r ks gS i j MkWDV j] ul Z ;k dEik maMj g h u g ha gSA 'k kldh; deZp kj h u Dl yh

Hk; l s rc kn y k gksu s d s c kn Hkh bu {ks= k sa e sa t k u k u gha pk gr sA fty s e sa LokLF ; l sok vk s a

d k f od kl /kheh x fr l s py jgk g SA or Zek u esa fty k esa j k" Vª h; va/k Ro fu okj. k] 'k kys;

LokLF ; i zf”k {k .k] vk; q"efr ;k stu k] thou T; ksfr ;k stu k] j k"V ª h ; dk;ZØe y kx w gS] b lds

c kn Hkh l {k e LokLF ; dfeZ;k sa d k vHk ko] yk sx ksa esa f pf dRl k l qfo/k kvksa d s izf r t kx :d rk

d k vHkk o d qN , sls d kj.k gS] t ks ;g kWa i j Lo kLF ; l sokvksa r Fkk d k;ZØ eksa d ks vlQy

cu k jg s gSaA

;g c kr Hkh ,d dV w lR; gS fd fpfdRld viu h l sok ,a “kg j h {k s= ksa e sa gh n su k

p kg rsgSA reke i z;Ru ksa d s ckn Hkh vkt x zkeh .k {k s= ksa e sa f LFk r i zkF kfed LokLF ; d sUn z o

miL okL F; d sUn z MkWD V j fog hu gSA if j.kker% x zke h.k tu f pf dRl k gsr q HkV d r s n s[ k s t k

ld r s gSA dHkh d Hkh r ks N k sV h ek sV h c he kj h;k sa l s Hkh yksx k sa d h t ku py h t k r h g SA

bUgh ck r ksa d ks /;ku e sa j [ kr s g q, d sUn z “kk lu u s 05 Qj oj h 2009 d ks u b Z f n Yyh

esa vk ;ksft r ,d d k ;Z” kky k d s e k/;e ls x zkeh.k {k s= ksa e sa f pf d Rld ksa d h miy C/kr k gsr q

p kj o" khZ; fpfdRl k ik B ~;Øe izk jEHk d j usa d h j. ku hfr cu k bZ gSAgSAgSAgSA 39393939 mRr jn krk vk sa l s

c hek j h d h n ' kk esa mi pk j g ksu s d s f o" k ; esa rF;k sa d k lady u f d;k x; k g S fd fu Eu

r kf yd k ls L i"V g S %&

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r k fyd k Ø ekad &5r k fyd k Ø ekad &5r k fyd k Ø ekad &5r k fyd k Ø ekad &5 ---- 18181818

Lke qn k; esa i zpfyr Lke qn k; esa i zpfyr Lke qn k; esa i zpfyr Lke qn k; esa i zpfyr f pfd Rl k f pfd Rl k f pfd Rl k f pfd Rl k fof /kfof /kfof /kfof /k

ØØØØ fpffpffpffpf d Rl k fo f/kd Rl k fo f/kd Rl k fo f/kd Rl k fo f/k vko `fRrvko `fRrvko `fRrvko `fRr i zfr 'kri zfr 'kri zfr 'kri zfr 'kr

1

2

3

i j aij k x r ¼fl jgk&x qfu ;k½

vk /kqfu d ¼ Lok LF; d sUn z½

n k su ksa

111

32

107

44 -4

12 -8

42 -8

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

chekjh gksu s d h fLF kfr esa mip kj LFky d s p; u esa i zkFk fed r k lac a /kh f o'y s" k.k

l s ;g Li"V gS f d lokZf/kd 44 -4 i zfr”kr mRr jn krk fljgk&x qfu ;k d s ik l mip kj

d j kr s g Sa] tcfd 12 -8 i zfr” kr mRr jn kr k vk sa u s f pfdRl ky ; ¼'kkld h; vLi r ky½ d k s

igyh izk Fkf ed r k n h g SA 42-8 i zfr”k r u s n k su ksa f of/k l s fpfdRl k d j k u k c ryk; k gSA

L i"V gS fd m| ksx esa l ayXu r k ds l k Fk&l kFk Lok LF; l sok vk sa esa g ksu s okyh

o`f} o f'k {k k d s Lr j esa l q/k kj u s tu t krh ; {ks= ksa e sa m ip kj d s i j ai j kx r r j hds d k s

i zHk kfor fd; k gSA

t kn qb Z fd z;k vk ss i j f o”o kl t kn qb Z fd z;k vk ss i j f o”o kl t kn qb Z fd z;k vk ss i j f o”o kl t kn qb Z fd z;k vk ss i j f o”o kl

tu t kr h ; vk;k e esa / keZ d k vfHkUu vax t k n w g SA , sl k dg k t kr k g S f d bu e sa

t kn w /k eZ d s c j kc j eg Ro j[ kr k gSA v'kqHk i zkdfrd ? kVu k ] vfu f' pr rk d h vk'kad k , oa

[ k rj s esa i w.kZ okr koj.k esa mu y ksx ksa d ks t kn qb Z i zFkkvk sa d k f o'okl d jk r k gSA 15

vk/;kf Re d] /kk feZd , oa r k af=d r hu ksa gh n `f"V l s n f{k.k c Lr j d k vkf n ok l h l ekt

le `} gSA ;gka d s vkf n okl h t knw V k su k esa cg qr vf /k d fo' okl j[ kr s g SA ;g ka ;g

mYys[ ku h; gS fd ;gka d s ea= k sa d h Hkk" kk gYch rFkk ek fM;k gSA oLr qr% N Rr hl x < dk

t kn w&V k su k v? k ksj ra= d h ,d 'kk [kk ds :i esa Hky s gh fo[;kr jgk gks fdUr q blesa

v? kk sj ra= d k g h mi; ksx gk sr k gSA n ar sok Mk d h r a=i hB n ar s'oj h ekr k gSA tg ka i q:" kksa d s

l k Fk&l kFk ef gyk ,a Hk h r a= lk /ku k esa c j kc j d h Hkkx hn kj gksr h g S vkSj ;g ka ij iq:" k

l k /kd d ks c Sx k rF kk efg yk r kaf=d d k s V ksu g h dg k t kr k gSA

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;gkaa d s t ax yk sa d k ,d vn ~Hk qr vkSj f of' k"V rF ; ;g gS fd ;g kaa ef gyk r kaf=d h

d s eqf [ k;k d ks l ksf/k u dgk t krk gSA vf'k{kk vk Sj vK ku r k d s d kj.k bu esa } s" k vk Sj

i zfr'kk s/kd h Hkk ou k ,a O;k Ir gksr h gSA ,d n y nwl js n y ij rFk k ,d x k aao n wl j s x kao i j

l k ewfg d r kaf =d vk Øe.k d j nsr s gSaA b l s /k qd h dgr s gSaA ;fn l ke us ok yk O ;fD r l rdZ

;k c a/kk u g h gS r ks o gk a Hk ;ad j egk ekjh ;k r kaMo g ksu s d h l aHkkou k g ksr h g SA , slh

ek U;r k ; gka d s tu t kr h; l ewg esa g SA gj s o{k d k s l q[ kk n su k] yg yg kr h Qly ksa d k s

u "V d j nsu k] eosf'k ;ksa d h r kaf=d g R;k vkfn ;gka i j vke c kr gksr h gSA

f'kYidyk m| ksx esa d k;Z d s Qy Lo:Ik D; k mu d s t k n w&V ksu s es a fo'okl d h

ek U;r k izHkk for g qbZ gS vFk ok u g ha ;g Hk h v/ ;;u d k ,d e q[; igyw F kk] f tl s K kr

d ju s d k iz;k l 'k ks/kkF khZ u s fd;k gS] ft ld k fo oj. k fu Eu r kfy d k esa f n ;k x ;k gS%&

r k fyd k Ø ekad &5r k fyd k Ø ekad &5r k fyd k Ø ekad &5r k fyd k Ø ekad &5 ---- 19191919

m Rr jn kr k vk sa d k t kn w V ksu s e sa f om Rr jn kr k vk sa d k t kn w V ksu s e sa f om Rr jn kr k vk sa d k t kn w V ksu s e sa f om Rr jn kr k vk sa d k t kn w V ksu s e sa f o ' o klo klo klo kl

ØØØØ ---- Tk kn w V k su s e sa fo ”Tk kn w V k su s e sa fo ”Tk kn w V k su s e sa fo ”Tk kn w V k su s e sa fo ” o klo klo klo kl vk o`f Rrvk o`f Rrvk o`f Rrvk o`f Rr i zf r'kri zf r'kri zf r'kri zf r'kr

1

2-

g kWa

u g ha

232

18

92 -8

7 -2

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

t knw V ksu s esa fo'ok l l ac a/kh mi j ksD r fo'ys" k .k l s Li"V g S fd vf/kd k a'k 92-8

i zfr”kr mRr jn kr k bu esa fo' ok l j[ krs g Sa] tcf d d soy 7 -2 i zfr”k r mRr jn kr kvksa u s gh

u d k jkRed t ku d k jh n h g SA Li"V gS fd ux j h; {ks= ksa d s ik l d s x k aoksa esa b ld k izHk ko

vkaf'k d :i l s de gS ;gh otg g S f d 7-2 i zfr”kr mRr jn kr k t k n w V ksu k t Slh

ek U;r kvksa i j f o'ok l u g ha d j r ssA

fd l i zd k j d s d k;k sZ d s fy, t kn w V ksu k e sa fo” okl fd l i zd k j d s d k;k sZ d s fy, t kn w V ksu k e sa fo” okl fd l i zd k j d s d k;k sZ d s fy, t kn w V ksu k e sa fo” okl fd l i zd k j d s d k;k sZ d s fy, t kn w V ksu k e sa fo” okl

92 -8 i zfr”k r mRr jn k rkvksa u s a t kn w V ksu k esa f o”okl d ju s d h t ku d kj h n h g SA

mu l s bl d k d kj.k rFk k ft u d k;ksZa d s f y, ;g d `R; fd; k t kr k g S] ml d k f ooj.k

fy ;k x ;k gSA ft l s fu E u r k fyd k esa i zLr qr f d;k x ;k g S &

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r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5r kfy d k d zek ad &5 ---- 19191919 ---- 1111

f d l i zd kj d s d k ;k sZ d s fy , t k n w V ksu k e sa fo ”ok lf d l i zd kj d s d k ;k sZ d s fy , t k n w V ksu k e sa fo ”ok lf d l i zd kj d s d k ;k sZ d s fy , t k n w V ksu k e sa fo ”ok lf d l i zd kj d s d k ;k sZ d s fy , t k n w V ksu k e sa fo ”ok l

ØekadØekadØekadØekad fd l i zd kj d s d k;Zfd l i zd kj d s d k;Zfd l i zd kj d s d k;Zfd l i zd kj d s d k;Z gk Wgk Wgk Wgk W UUUU kkkk gh agh agh agh a ; k sx; k sx; k sx; k sx

v kv kv kv k ---- i zfri zfri zfri zfr zz zz ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zfri zfri zfri zfr zz zz ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zfri zfri zfri zfr zz zz ----

1 c he kj g ksu s i j 232 100 - - 232 100

2 ? kj e sa fo if Rr vku s ij 232 100 - - 232 100

3 i”kqvksa d s [ kks t k u s i j 207 89.20 25 10.80 232 100

4 d f ’ k d k ;Z esa 212 91.40 20 8.60 232 100

5 ifj okj d h [ k q” kgk yh d s f y,

176 75.80 56 24.20 232 100

r kfy d k d s fooj.k l s ;g K kr gksr k g Sa fd lr ~izfr ”kr mRr jn k r kvksa esa ch ekj

gk su s ij rF kk ? k j e sa f oifRr vk u s ij t kn w V ksu k fd;s t ku s d h t kud kj h n h gSA tcfd

89 -22 i zfr”k r mRr jn krk vk sa u s i”kqvksa d s [ kk s t k u s ij] 91-37 i zfr”kr d f ’ k dk; Z e sa r Fkk

75 -86 mRr jn kr kvksa u s ifj ok j d h [ k q” kgk yh d s fy , t k n w V ksu k f d;k t ku k cry k;k gSA

;g rF; Li’V d jr k gS f d v/;; u x r f”k Yid kj ksa esa f ”kY id yk O;ol k ; l s l ayXu r k d s

c kn Hkh t kn w d s i zfr f o”okl ,oa ekU; r k de u gha gqbZ gSaA

fd l h i zd kj d h j ksx d h f pf dRl k g sr q Lo kLF; d sUn z t ku kfd l h i zd kj d h j ksx d h f pf dRl k g sr q Lo kLF; d sUn z t ku kfd l h i zd kj d h j ksx d h f pf dRl k g sr q Lo kLF; d sUn z t ku kfd l h i zd kj d h j ksx d h f pf dRl k g sr q Lo kLF; d sUn z t ku k

i zkF kfe d LokLF ; n s[ k&j s[ k d s vUrx Zr O ;fD r] ifj okj vk Sj leqn k; l s i zkF kfed

Lr j ij lEcU/k LFk kfi r d j j k"V ªh ; LokLF; O;oLFkk ds vu q:i laHkk for LokLF;

n s[ k&j s[ k dh O;oLFk k d h t krh gSA f tlds fy ;s vU ; l ke kftd vkSj vk fFk Zd r Fkk

fod kl h; ifj os'kk sa t Sl s&f' k{kk] l ekt vkSj ef g yk dY;k. k] [ k k| ink FkZ vk Sj d `f" k ty

L= ksr ] xzk eh. k f od kl ] Åt kZ] i;kZoj .k l aj{k.k] m| ksx ] lap kj vk Sj i' kqi kyu vk fn {ks= k sa

d k lg; ksx vko' ;d gSA i zkFkfe d Lok LF; n s[ k&j s[ k l keqnk f;d LokLF ; d sUn z] fty k]

j kT; , oa j k"V ªh ; L r j i j miyC /k d j k;h t ku s okyh LokLF ; l qfo/kk, a i zR; sd O ;fD r d s

LokLF ; l aj{k .k d h fn 'kk e sa d k ;Z dj jg hgSA i zkF kfe d LokLF ; ls lEcfU/kr fofHkUu

igyqvksa d h mfp r f'k {kk vkSj b l d k;ZØe d s l Qy fØ;kUo;u d s fy ;s l eFk Zd

x frf of /k ;ksa d k s fodfl r fd;k t k jgk gSA 4444 0000

Page 31: v /; k; & 5v /; k; & 5 t utk rh; Jfed k a d k m|kxs e a d ...shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/99201/11/11_chapter 5.pdf · eg qvk ] ve:n] u he] rkM] cj] r sna ]w ihiy ]

c u t hZ ¼1968½c u t hZ ¼1968½c u t hZ ¼1968½c u t hZ ¼1968½ 4444 1111 u s Hkk j r esa LokLF; l s ok vksa d s fod kl d s l ek t'kkL= h ; mi kx e

d k fo'ys" k.k d j r s g q, LokLF; O;ogk j d h foospu k d h g SA V ~;wc jD yksf l l i j fu ;U=.k

vkSj izkF kfe d Lok LF; d sUn zksa d h Hkwf ed k i j f d;k x ;k ;g v/;;u Lok LF; vkSj ch ekj h

d s l an HkZ esa e gRoi w.k Z lek t'kkL =h ; v/ ;;u gSA

d sUn z” kkl u bl fn ”k k esa l r r:Ik l s iz;k l jr g S fd tu t kfr {ks= ksa esa c sgr j

LokLF k l sok, a miyC /k d j k bZ t k ;sA b l g sr q izR;sd 1000 d h vkc kn h okys x k aoksa ;k xk aok s a

d s l ewg esa ,d mi Lok LF; d sUn z gk sA ;g i z;kl xzke h.k {k s= ksa e sa r ks LkQy gksr k g qvk

i zfr r g ksr k gSA ysf du tu t kf r {ks= ksa esa ;g v kt Hkh ig syh cu h g qbZ g SA 4444 2222

u v ksj k ¼1976½u v ksj k ¼1976½u v ksj k ¼1976½u v ksj k ¼1976½ 4444 3333 ]]]] e Sd fdu ys ¼1984½e Sd fdu ys ¼1984½e Sd fdu ys ¼1984½e Sd fdu ys ¼1984½ 4444 4444 v kSj cu t hZ ¼1982v kSj cu t hZ ¼1982v kSj cu t hZ ¼1982v kSj cu t hZ ¼1982 ½½½½ 4444 5555 u s Lok LF; n s[ k&j s[ k

l qf o/kk O;oLFk k i j l kek ftd 'kfD r;ksa d s iM+ u s okys izHkk ok sa rFk k leqn k ; ds y ksx ksa d s

LokLF ; &Lr j d s l q/kkj esa vk/kqf u d vk S" kf/k;ksa d h mi;k sfx r k , oa i zHk kokRed r k d s

le k;kstu &d k jd i{kksa d k fo'ys" k .k fd;k g S vkSj ;g Li"V fd;k g S f d D ;ksa vk/kqfu d

vkS" kf /k;ksa d k ykHk fu /k Zu ox Z ds vf /kd ka'k y ksx ksa rd u g ha ig qap i kr kA mRr jn kr k vk sa l s

;g Hk h K k r fd;k x; k gS f d D;k os L okLF ; d sUn z esa fpfdRl k gsr q t kr s gSaA f t ls fu Eu

r kf yd k esa i zL r qr fd;k x ;k g S &

r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5 ---- 20202020

j k sx d h fpf d Rl k g sr q Lok LF; d sUn z t k u kj k sx d h fpf d Rl k g sr q Lok LF; d sUn z t k u kj k sx d h fpf d Rl k g sr q Lok LF; d sUn z t k u kj k sx d h fpf d Rl k g sr q Lok LF; d sUn z t k u k

d ze kadd ze kadd ze kadd ze kad Lok LFk ; d sUn z t ku kLok LFk ; d sUn z t ku kLok LFk ; d sUn z t ku kLok LFk ; d sUn z t ku k vko `frvko `frvko `frvko `fr iiii zfr'krzfr'krzfr'krzfr'kr

1 - g kW 192 76-8

2 - u g h 58 23-2 -

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

r kfy d k d s f ooj.k l s Li’V g S fd vf/kd k a”k 76-8 i zfr”k r mRr jn kr k LokLF;

d sUn z esa f pf dRl k g sr q t kr s g SaA tcf d 23 -2 i z fr”k r mRr jn kr k Lok LF; d sUn z e sa f pfdRl k

gsr q u gha t kr s g SaA ;g rF; Li’V d j r k gS fd v/; ;u x r f”kYid kj ksa esa f ”kYidyk

O;ol k ; l s l ayXu r k d s c kn mRr jnkr k vksa e sa L okLF ; d s i zfr t kx :dr k c<+h g S , oa os

vc fpf dRl k y kHk g sr q LokLF; d sUn z t ku s y xs g SA

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fd l i zd k j d s j ksx d s b ykt g sr q Lo kLF ; d sUn z fd l i zd k j d s j ksx d s b ykt g sr q Lo kLF ; d sUn z fd l i zd k j d s j ksx d s b ykt g sr q Lo kLF ; d sUn z fd l i zd k j d s j ksx d s b ykt g sr q Lo kLF ; d sUn z t ku kt ku kt ku kt ku k &&&&

ftu 192 m R r j nkr kvk sa u s L okLF ; d s Un z t ku k cry k;k g S mu ls b ld s d kj.k

d ks Hk h K k r fd;k x ;k g SA ft ls f u Eu r kf yd k e sa iz Lr qr fd;k x ;k gS &

r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5 ---- 20202020 ---- 1111

fd l i zd kj d s j k sx d s by kt g sr q LokL F; d sUn z fd l i zd kj d s j k sx d s by kt g sr q LokL F; d sUn z fd l i zd kj d s j k sx d s by kt g sr q LokL F; d sUn z fd l i zd kj d s j k sx d s by kt g sr q LokL F; d sUn z t k u kt k u kt k u kt k u k

d zek add zek add zek add zek ad Lok LF ; d sUn z Lok LF ; d sUn z Lok LF ; d sUn z Lok LF ; d sUn z t k u kt k u kt k u kt k u k vko `frvko `frvko `frvko `fr i zfr 'kri zfr 'kri zfr 'kri zfr 'kr

1- x Hk Zor h efg yk d s by k t d s fy ,] 89 46 -4

2- cP pk sa d ks V h d k yx oku s 62 32 -2

3- x EHk hj :I k l s f d l h ln L; d s

ch ekj g ksu s i j

41 21 -4

;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx &&&& 250250250250 100100100100

v/;;u l s izk Ir r F; ;g L i’V d j r k gS fd l okZf/kd 46 -4 i zfr”kr

mRr jn kr kvksa esa x Hk Zor h e fg yk ds by kt d s fy,] 32-2 i zfr” kr u s cP p ksa d ks V hd k

yx oku s rFk k 21-4 i zfr”k r mRr jn k rkvksa u s x E Hkhj :Ik l s fd l h ln L; d s ch ekj gksu s

i j fpfdRl ky; t k u k c ryk ;k gSA

i fj ok j es c P p s d s tUe l s ysd j e `R; q rd d s l aL d k j i fj ok j es c P p s d s tUe l s ysd j e `R; q rd d s l aL d k j i fj ok j es c P p s d s tUe l s ysd j e `R; q rd d s l aL d k j i fj ok j es c P p s d s tUe l s ysd j e `R; q rd d s l aL d k j

Hk kj r h; le kt esa p kg s og vk fn e le kt g ks ;k lH; l ekt izR;sd le kt e sa

O;f Dr d s tUe l s ysd j e `R; q r d d qN u d qN l aLd kj vo” ; d j k ;s t kr s g SA “k kL= ksa e sa

fg Un q if j ok jksa esa e q[; :Ik ls 16 l aLd kj k sa d k mYys[ k fey r k g SA b ld h fLF kfr tu t kfr

le qnk; esa fd l i zd kj d h gS] b l s v/; ;u d s ek /; e l s K kr dju s d k i z; kl f d;k x ;k

gSA t k s fd r k fyd k esa n ”k kZ;k x ;k gS &&&&

r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5r k fyd k d zek ad &5 ---- 21212121 if j okj es cP p s d s tUe l s ysd j e`R ;q rd l s l aL d k jif j okj es cP p s d s tUe l s ysd j e`R ;q rd l s l aL d k jif j okj es cP p s d s tUe l s ysd j e`R ;q rd l s l aL d k jif j okj es cP p s d s tUe l s ysd j e`R ;q rd l s l aL d k j

ØekadØekadØekadØekad l aL d kjl aL d kjl aL d kjl aL d kj 20 o" k Z iwo Z20 o" k Z iwo Z20 o" k Z iwo Z20 o" k Z iwo Z or Ze ku e saor Ze ku e saor Ze ku e saor Ze ku e sa v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1 tUe 250 100 250 100

2 fookg 250 100 250 100

3 e`R;q 250 100 250 100

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r kfy d k d s fooj .k l s ;g K kr gksr k gSa fd l r ~ izf r”kr mRr jnkr k vk sa u s eq[;

:Ik l s 3 l aLd kj ksa tUe] fook g rFkk e`R;q dks l Eiu d j k, t ku s d h t kud k jh n h gSA

mRr jn kr kvksa l s ;g Hkh K kr fd;k x ;k g S fd D ;k 20 o’ k Z iwoZ Hkh bUgha l aLd k j ksa d k s

lEiUu d j k; k t kr k FkkA bl fo’ k; e sa l r ~ i zfr”k r mRr jn kr k vk sa u s eq[; :Ik l s 3

l aL d kj ksa tUe] fookg rF kk e `R;q d ks lEiu d j k, t kus d h t ku d kj h nh gSA ;g rF;

Li’V d j r k g S f d v/; ;u x r f” kYid kj ksa es a f” k Yidy k O;ol k; l s l ayXu r k d s c kn Hkh

mu d s t hou d s l aLd kj k sa esa d ksb Z fo ”ks’ k cn yko u gha vk ;k g SA

o r Zeku e sa vk Sj 20 o r Zeku e sa vk Sj 20 o r Zeku e sa vk Sj 20 o r Zeku e sa vk Sj 20 o" kZ i wo Z o" kZ i wo Z o" kZ i wo Z o" kZ i wo Z ? k jsy w mi;k sx h o L r q, ¡ , oa v U; l k ex zh? k jsy w mi;k sx h o L r q, ¡ , oa v U; l k ex zh? k jsy w mi;k sx h o L r q, ¡ , oa v U; l k ex zh? k jsy w mi;k sx h o L r q, ¡ , oa v U; l k ex zh

i zR;sd l aLd `fr d s n k s i {k gk sr s g Sa & i zFke vewr Z i{k f t lesa izF kk] i jEi j k]

tu j h fr rF kk d kuwu f t ld k lac a/k fu ;eksa l s gk sr k g Sa t ks f d cg qr de ifj or Zu ” khy

gk sr s gSaA bl d s f oi j hr n wl j k i{k ek u o f u feZr miHkksx d h oL r qvk sa d k g ksr k g S t ks r hoz

x fr ls if j or Zu ”khy gksr k gS rFk k i zR;sd l ekt t kgs og lH; ;k vkf n e n ksu k s esa gh

l aL d `fr ds b l nwl js i{k d s i zfr L oHkk fod vkd ’ kZ.k ns[ ku s d ks fe yr k gSA tu t kfr yksx

viu h fof 'k"V ? kj sy w oLr qvksa d s d k j.k Hk h vU; l ekt ksa l s i `Fkd #i l s igp ku s t k

ld r s gSaA bu d h ? k jsyw oL r q,a mi; ksx d s l kF k&l kF k dyk iz/kku gksr h gSaaA ;s viu s ? kj sy w

oLr qvk sa d k fu e kZ.k Loa; d j r s gSaA tu t k fr esa l k ekf td if j or Zu dh fLFk fr d ks l e> u s

d s fy ; s mld s Hkk Sfrd oLr qvksa esa g ksu s okys ifj or Zu d k s le> uk t# j h gSA

tu t kfr; ksa esa H kk Sfrd oLr qvksa d s l ax zg l ac a/kh i zd `fr ds f o| kFk hZ ¼1986½f o| kFk hZ ¼1986½f o| kFk hZ ¼1986½f o| kFk hZ ¼1986½ 46464646 f=i kB h f=i kB h f=i kB h f=i kB h

¼1977½¼1977½¼1977½¼1977½ 47474747 ] Hkk SSf ed ¼1982½] Hkk SSf ed ¼1982½] Hkk SSf ed ¼1982½] Hkk SSf ed ¼1982½ 48484848 t Su ¼1988½t Su ¼1988½t Su ¼1988½t Su ¼1988½ 49494949 t Su in ~e t k ¼2003½t Su in ~e t k ¼2003½t Su in ~e t k ¼2003½t Su in ~e t k ¼2003½ 5555 0000 ek sgUr h ¼2008½ek sgUr h ¼2008½ek sgUr h ¼2008½ek sgUr h ¼2008½ 5555 1111 d s

v/; ;u ksa l s ;g Li"V gk sr k gS f d u xj h d j.k o vkS| kSxh d j.k us t u t kfr t hou ' kSyh

d ks vk/kqfu d cu k fn ; k gS vk Sj vc tu t k fr le qn k; HkkSf rd oLr qvksa d k lax zg dju s e sa

fo'okl d ju s y x k g SA ;s vc viu s vkl &i kl yx u s ok ys c kt k j ksa l s bu oLr qvksa d k

Ø; d ju s yx s gSA b l fo’ k; e sa v/;; u x r f” kYid kj ksa d h D ;k fLFk fr gS b l l s fu Eu

r kf yd k esa n ”k kZ;k x ;k gS &

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r k fyd k d zek ad &r k fyd k d zek ad &r k fyd k d zek ad &r k fyd k d zek ad & 5555 ---- 22222222

v ki d s /kj e s o r Zek u esa v kSj 20 o " kZ i woZ d k Su &d k sSu oLr q,a F khv ki d s /kj e s o r Zek u esa v kSj 20 o " kZ i woZ d k Su &d k sSu oLr q,a F khv ki d s /kj e s o r Zek u esa v kSj 20 o " kZ i woZ d k Su &d k sSu oLr q,a F khv ki d s /kj e s o r Zek u esa v kSj 20 o " kZ i woZ d k Su &d k sSu oLr q,a F kh

ØØØØ ----

o Lr q,a@o Lr q,a@o Lr q,a@o Lr q,a@

mid j .mid j .mid j .mid j . kkkk

20 o " kZ i woZ20 o " kZ i woZ20 o " kZ i woZ20 o " kZ i woZ o r Zek u esao r Zek u esao r Zek u esao r Zek u esa

gk Wgk Wgk Wgk W u g hau g hau g hau g ha ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx gkWgkWgkWgkW u gh au gh au gh au gh a ;k sx;k sx;k sx;k sx

vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ---- vkvkvkvk ---- i zi zi zi z ---- v kv kv kv k ---- i zi zi zi z ----

1- j sf M; ks 07 2.8 243 97.2 250 100 65 26 185 74 250 100

2 V h -oh - - 250 100 250 100 72 28.2 178 71.2 250 100

3 MhohMh Iys;j - - 250 100 250 100 12 4.8 238 95.2 250 100

4 Eksc kby - - 250 100 250 100 32 12.8 218 87.2 250 100

5 Qzh t - - 250 100 250 100 02 0.8 248 99.2 250 100

6 D wyj - - 250 100 250 100 12 4.8 238 95.2 250 100

7 i a[ kk 02 0.8 248 99.2 250 100 67 26.8 183 73.2 250 100

8 l ksQk 20 8 230 92 250 100 92 36.8 158 63.2 250 100

9 i ayxi ayxi ayxi ayx 1 -

yd Mh d k

250 100 - - 250 100 250 100 - - 250 100

2- yk sgs d k 22 8.8 228 91.2 250 100 44 17.6 206 82.4 250 100

10 d qd qd qd q l hZ] l hZ] l hZ] l hZ] 1-

yd M+h d k

107 42.8 143 57.2 250 100 111 44.4 139 55.6 250 100

2- yk sgs d k 22 8.8 228 91.2 250 100 32 12.8 218 87.2 250 100

3- Iy kfLV d

d k

07 2.8 243 97.2 250 100 51 20.4 199 79.6 250 100

11 Lk kbZ f dy 21 8.4 229 91.6 250 100 115 46 135 54 250 100

12 ek sisM 02 0.8 248 99.2 250 100 16 6.4 234 93.6 250 100

13 Ck kbd 02 0.8 248 99.2 250 100 13 5.2 237 94.8 250 100

14 d acy 174 69.6 76 30.4 250 100 212 84.8 38 15.2 250 100

15 i zs'kj d wd j - - 250 100 250 100 32 12.8 218 87.2 250 100

16 x Sl f lys.Mj - - 250 100 250 100 07 2.8 243 97.2 250 100

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17 [ k ku k cu k us

d k

c r Zu 1 -

LV h y d k

32 12.8 218 87.2 250 100 144 57.6 106 42.4 250 100

2- teZu d k 64 25.6 186 74.4 250 100 127 50.8 123 49.2 250 100

3- fe V ~V h d k 250 100 - - 250 100 250 100 - - 250 100

18- Lk eku j [ ku s

d s

fy , 1-

yd M+h d h

vyek j h

07 2.8 243 97.2 250 100 52 20.8 198 79.2 250 100

2- yk sgs d h

i sV h

22 8.8 228 91.2 250 100 48 19.2 202 80.8 250 100

3- yk sgs d h

vyek j h - - 250 100 250 100 18 7.2 232 92.8 250 100

v/;;u l s i zkIr rF; ;g Li’V d jr k gS fd v/;;u x r le wg d s vf /k d ka”k

mRr jn kr kvksa d s ? k j ksa esa miHkksx d h vf/k d Rke vk/kqf u d oLr qvksa d k tgka 20 o’ k Z iwoZ

i w.kZr% vHkko Fk k ogha n qlj h vksj vk t ;s oLr q,a d qN l hfer ek= k esa tu t kr h;

f”k Yid k j ksa d s } kj k lax zfg r d h t k jgha g SA mu esa vk/kqfu d oLr qvksa d s i zf r vkd’ kZ.k Hkh

c< +k g SA ;s t u t kfr f”k Yid k j vk/kqfu d n Sfu d mi;k sx d h oLr qvksa d s l k Fk&l kFk

foyk fl r k d h oLr q, a Hkh l ax zg d jus y x s gSA

;g rF; tu t kfr l aLd `fr esa u x j h d j.k rF kk vkS| ksx hd j. k d s i zHkk o d ks n ” kkZr k gSa A

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l an HkZ lwp h %&l an HkZ lwp h %&l an HkZ lwp h %&l an HkZ lwp h %&

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