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Oscar Salgado y Victor Giancaspero Prokambium Consultores Variedades de Uva de Mesa

Variedades Uva de Mesa - prokambium · KING RUBY 0 29.184 32.404 0 ... • Variedades como crimson mas tempranas y tarde • Negras tempranas o tardias. • Nuevos sabores y tamaños

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Oscar Salgado y Victor GiancasperoProkambium Consultores

Variedades de Uva de Mesa

Grape growing and winemaking in the Sixth Dynasty Egypt(Tomb of Mererou-Ka). Date: c.2345 – c.2181 BC.

Modified from Dage and Aribaud (1932).

?

?

UK grape market

Variety share

63% white seedless, + 6%

30% red seedless, +21%

5% black seedless

Rest white, red and black seeded

Varieties

www.cpvo.eu.int

www.upov.int

FUENTE: ASOEX.(Cifras en Cajas)

TEMP.2003-2004 TEMP.2004-2005 TEMP.2005-2006 TEMP.2006-2007THOMPSON SEEDLESS 27.266.985 29.316.650 32.228.887 30.302.439RED GLOBE 25.031.518 25.614.764 23.382.927 21.564.309CRIMSON SEEDLESS 10.146.775 13.266.464 16.180.493 17.080.751FLAME SEEDLESS 14.666.446 15.734.569 16.816.776 15.782.462SUPERIOR 4.705.836 5.535.580 5.707.613 7.083.498SIN ESPECIFICAR 840.926 595.383 680.868 1.554.028AUTUMN ROYAL 56.185 297.280 814.416 1.309.797BLACK SEEDLESS 1.319.174 1.355.482 1.302.633 1.231.111RIBIER 2.108.436 1.212.342 1.488.646 1.124.625PERLETTE 857.672 892.654 840.733 910.928RUBY SEEDLESS 1.588.212 1.019.736 1.320.432 821.343QUEEN ROSE 491.606 581.405 616.648 586.889PRINCESS 208.211 381.866 552.420 635.904RED SEEDLESS 523.347 332.925 349.611 372.113PERLON 52.451 99.062 231.226 188.075QUEEN RED 0 0 110.218 155.813LADY ROSE 144.213 172.846 169.997 123.719MOSCATEL ROSADA 256.012 186.846 146.083 118.634REGAL 0 36.596 69.099 117.996ROYAL RED SEEDLESS 7.488 3.360 28.005 110.054ROYAL RED 10.272 27.091 127.525 83.648CALMERIA 82.774 93.748 90.009 72.541MOSCATEL SEEDLESS 0 0 21.479 67.245DOWN SEEDLESS 141.398 112.361 31.738 47.731BEAUTY SEEDLESS 29.892 28.402 30.784 40.390KYOHO 20.327 14.587 37.636 28.262MUSCAT SEEDLESS 64.262 69.304 41.508 27.384ROYAL BLACK SEEDLESS 32.565 19.226 7.783 12.000LAVALLEE 74.728 16.184 17.185 8.064RUBY 52.677 31.779 6.971 7.710ROYAL SEEDLESS 1.840 1.890 57.562 1.293KING RUBY 0 29.184 32.404 0Otras 131.611 88.753 120.207 186.299TOTAL 90.913.839 97.168.319 103.660.522 101.757.055

Desde 01-09-2006 Hasta 10-05-2007

VARIEDADESTEMPORADAS

EVOLUCION VARIEDADES

05.000.000

10.000.00015.000.00020.000.00025.000.00030.000.00035.000.000

THO

MP

SO

NS

EE

DLE

SS

RE

DG

LOB

E

CR

IMS

ON

SE

ED

LES

S

FLA

ME

SE

ED

LES

S

TEMPORADAS

MIL

LON

ES D

E C

AJA

S

2003-20042004-20052005-20062006-2008

51% es Thompson y Red Globe

83,3% Thompson, Red Globe, Crimson y Flame seedless

CHILE

Perlette Seedless

Sugraone , Superior

Flame seedless

Thompson seedless - Sultanina

Black Seedless

Crimson seedles

Red Globe

Exportable Forecast per country

Que estan mirando losGenetistas..?

• Seedless• Blancas tempranas y tardes………..remplazar Thompson

seedless • Amigables con Agricultor : desbrotas ,raleo , color etc• Gran Fertilidad de yemas y podas cortas• Variedades como crimson mas tempranas y tarde• Negras tempranas o tardias.• Nuevos sabores y tamaños similar a red Globe • Pestes y Enfermedades

– Oidio y Mildiu– Botrytis– Etc………….

no-Round18-24+black+4.5Barlinkano-Elongated20-24+white+4Dauphineno(+/-)Elongated20-22-black+3.5Autumn Royalno+Elongated18-20-red+3.5Crimson Seedlessyes(+/-)Round24-30+red+2 to +3Red Globeyes-Round23-28+redunsureGalaxy*no(+/-)Elongated20-24+white+2Waltham Crossyes-Round20-24+black+0.5La Rochelleyes-Round28-31+whiteunsureMoon Balls*no+Elongated25-27-white+1.5Princessno+Elongated17-22-white0Thompson Seedlessyes+Elongated19-23-black-0.5Sugrasixteen (Sable Seedless)no(+/-)Elongated20-24+black-1Alphonse La Valleeyes-Elongated20-24-red-2Sunred Seedlessno-Elongated21-22-black-1 to -2Fantasy Seedlessno-Elongated20-24+black-1.5Dan-ben-Hannahno(+/-)Elongated20-24+white-1.5Victoriayes-Elongated17-22-white-1Regal Seedlessyes-Round20-22+black-2Ronelle (Black Gem)yes(+/-)Elongated19-23-pienk-2.5 to -1.5Ralli Seedlessyes+Elongated19-24-black-2.5 to -1.5Sugrathirteen (Midnight Beauty)yes+Elongated19-24-white-2.5 to -1.5Sugratwelve (Coachella Seedless)yes+Elongated19-24-white-2.5 to -1.5Sugraone (Superior Seedless)yes+Round17-20-white-3Muscat Seedlessno+Round17-20-red-3Flame Seedlessyes+Round18-20-redunsureCerise Seedless*yes-Round22-24-whiteunsureIce Seedless*yes-Round18-20+blackunsureNight Shade*yes+Round19-21-blackunsureDesert Seedless*yes+Round23-24+redunsureAlpha Red*yes+Elongated19-22-white-4Early Sweetyes+Elongated19-22-white- 4Prime Seedless

(Royalties)to GAsize (mm)Seeded(+)Colour(Thompson)PatentedReactionBerry formBerrySeedless(-)/RipeningCultivar

Sun World

Sun World(Own the varieties)

Superficies y negocio

Vivero registrado quevende las plantas

GProductorrower2Productor

Exportadora escogidaspor Sun World

Sugra12

(Coachella Seedless)

Source: A. Teubes

Sugra12 caracteristicas• Patentada por Sun World (USA)• Desarrollada para remplazar Sugraone

(Superior®)• Algo mas temprana que Superior® (3-4 days)• Vigor similar a Sugraone• Mas fertil Sugraone, mejor calidad (bayas mas

largas) organoleptica, piel menos taninos, algode sabor moscatel

• Manejos productvios similar (raleo etc) Sugraone

Sugra13

(Midnight Beauty)

Source: A. Teubes

Sugra13 caracteristicas• Petentadas por Sun World (USA)• Uava negra sin semilla, madura como superior• Excelente color, bayas grandes naturales (9 g)• Buena calidad organoletptica y muy crocante• Mas fertil que Sugraone y mas vigorosa• No AG3 para raleo• GA + girdling para crecimientopuede causar

partidura

• Portainjerto• Sobreraleo• Partidura en chile y Sud africa• Muy requerida por Supermercado UK

Areas a mirar

California 2006 Agosto

Sugar 19 Scarlotta

Bakersfield US California 19th September 2007

Sugra16 (Sable Seedless)

Sugra16 qualities• Uva negra sin semillas se cosecha al final

de Thompson• Patentada por Sun World (USA)• Excelente sabor mejor que cualquiera

variedad actual.• Vigro similar a Sugraone• Color negro perfecto• GA3 para raleo, anillado para tamaño

(Problema es tamañode baya)

Sugar 16

22January 2007 ChileLos Andes

Sugar 16.25January 2007

Marchigue south of Santiago

Sugarthirty-two (32) or SU 32®

Source: Viveros el Tambo 2006

• Uva rosada• 7 dias dspues de Flame con similares

caracteristicas• Facil para colorear• Algo de sensibilidad desgrane post

cosecha• No partidura• Racimos sueltos con buena forma

Superior Seedless ®

Menindee Seedless, Festival,Imperial or Sugraone

PRIME

Prime qualities• Patentada por Volcani Institute, Israel• Variedad temprana seedles blanca, 2-5 dias

antes de perlette• Muy fertil , vigor moderado• Raleo 1 ppm GA3, 20 ppm crecimiento de

baya,anilado opcional• Es sencible a uvillas• Se cosecha a 16º Brix,baja cacidez algo de

sabor Moscatel.• Muy popular en SudAfrica 1000 ha+• Alto costo de mano de obra

Early Sweet

Early Sweet qualities

• Similar a Prime• Sachar Karniel in Israel, Patentada• Se formo un CLUB

• Early Sweet™ Growers CompanyChairman in SA: Freddie Kirsten

• Total plantings:8 hectares• Current planting areas in SA: Augrabies & Noord Oewer• Marketing arrangement: The Early Sweet™ Growers Company has agreed to enter into this

agreement using Early Sweet™ Growers company as the representative of the Grower and the other selected growers, to enter into an agreement with the appointed marketeer of the Fruit.

• The marketeer shall be as appointed by the master Licensor, in consultation with Topfruit and according to an annual marketing plan approved by the Early Sweet™ Growers Company.

• Exsa and Colors have been appointed to do the marketing for 2005.• Variety name: Grapaes• Fruit type: White early season seedless table grape• Harvest date:4 - 5 days before Perlette• Bunch shape: Conical• Bunch density: Medium• Bunches: Conical long shape, reasonably loose, size +- 650g, very uniform shape, shot berries

occur• Berry shape: Obovate acumida to long elliptic • Berry size:Large (22mm)• Berry colour: Light creamy to green-yellow colour - very attractive, with no increase in green

colour at the “back” side of the bunch• Rub marks: Absent• Taste: Very good with slight Muscat flavours, +16.5/17 Brix. • No skin separation from berry flesh when being eaten• Skin thickness: Thin• Texture: Crunchy • Storage ability: Holds very well for over a month. Stems stay green and look fresh after more

then a month• Comments: Seedless and early. Extremely fruitful variety. First fruit in SA 2002.

Israelian Prime from South Africa

Season 2002/2003

Early Sweet Prime

RalliSeedless

Ralli Seedless qualities

• Varieda roja rosada se coseha justo despues de Sugraone igualque Flame . Bonito Resistente a partidura

• Crunchiness berry • Vigor menor que Sugraone• Poda en cargadores y Muy fertil• GA3 para raleo anillado para crecimiento• GA3 (crecimiento de baya) tiene efecto negativo para generacion de

color• Buena vida de post cosecha• En Chile es propiedad de SubSole (6 años de experiencia)

Ralli Seedless Growers Company• Chairman: Freddie Kirsten• Total plantings:81 hectares• Current planting areas: Augrabies, Hex Valley, Noord Oewer, Paarl, Piketberg, Touwsrivier,

Trawal• Date started:2002 • Marketing arrangement:The Ralli Seedless Growers Company has agreed to enter into this

agreement using Ralli Seedless Growers Company as the representative of the Grower and the other selected growers, to enter into an agreement with the appointed marketeer of the Fruit.

• The marketeer shall be as appointed by the master Licensor, in consultation with Topfruit and according to an annual marketing plan approved by the Ralli Seedless Growers company.

• Exsa and Colors have been appointed to do the marketing for 2005.• Variety name: Ralli Seedless• Fruit type: Seedless Table Grape• Harvest date: Mid-January • Bunch shape: Conical• Fruit size: Medium large, 0.5 to 0.75kg• Bunch density: Loose • Bunches :Loose conical with a size of between 500 to 750g• Berry shape: Short to long elliptic• Berry size: Medium large, 20-25mm long• Berry colour: Pink• Taste: Excellent• Skin thickness: Slightly tough• Texture: Crisp• Storage ability: Good storage potential• Comments: An extraordinary coloured and excellent eating seedless table grape with a long

harvest window.

ARC Infruitec-NievoorbijSouth Africa

Regal Sunred Seedless

Regal Seedlesso Bond

Source: A. Teubes

Regal Seedless qualities

• Blanca sin semilla 1 semana antes queThompson

• Patentada por ARC in SA• Muy fetil . Bayas grandes naturales de 7 gr• No GA3, no anillado• Bajo uso de mano de obra• Se mancha bajo ciertas condiciones de

cosecha y almacenaje . Dificil guardarla

Black Marroo Seedless

• A black seedless grape developed from a cross between Carolina Blackrose and Ruby Seedless by the Australian Department of Agriculture.

• The berries are naturally large and seedless with a pleasant, sweet taste. • Marroo has high bud fruitfulness at all positions including the basal buds. Consequently it

can be spur pruned. • Bunches should be thinned to one bunch per shoot, retaining approximately 40 bunches

per vine. Berry thinning is very important to develop loose bunches with large size berries. • Girdling at berry set increases the berry size three to four millimetres in diameter. • The application of gibberellic acid to enhance berry size is recommended at 10 ppm when

the berry is pea sized or slightly smaller. • Low levels of G.A. (1 to 3 ppm) will assist in shattering clusters to loosen set but should

not be performed on vine younger than four years old. • Marroo Seedless has shown good field and laboratory resistance to downy mildew. It is

however, particularly susceptible to powdery mildew like it's parent Ruby Seedless. • Long term cold storage tests performed in the U.S. and Australia have shown that with the

use of SO2 and stored at 0 C, Marroo Seedless can be stored for up to two to three months. Demand for a good black seedless grape continues to grow internationally with excellent acceptance both in the U.S. and European market.

• No is poor in berry size and post harvest quality

Variedades USDA

• Flame• Red Globe• Princess o Melissa• Autumn Royale• Sumer Royal

• Princess (Melissa) – USDA Large, light green, cylindrical, seedless berries– Ex Melissa, name with trade mark

so was change to Princess.– White seedless 10 days after

Thompson

Melissa or Princes

Source: Viveros El Tambo 2006

• Available since 1999• White seedless elongate shape bigger than Thompson

seedless.• Ripening time after Thompson Seedless• Clusters shape conical with short shoulders• Berries firms with a tiny Muscatel flavor as a background

when is fully ripe • Vigorous variety • Bering in canes • Post Harvest very sensitive should be harvested fast

before reach 18 – 19 Brixs or reduction in acid, handle carefully in harvest time.

Princess

Princess

Melissa / Princess

Regal

Thompson Seedless

Autumn Royal

• Big elongated (ellipsoidal) large berries from dark purple to black, firm.• Naturally grown without GA3 and girdling berries may reach 8 grams.• Berry surface is not smooth • In the Central area of Chile the ripening is from the beginning of March.• Some seasons seed traces have being reported.• Clusters are big and loose• Moderate to high vigor • Sour-root susceptible • Variety load in Chile with viruses and phyto-plasma which are not showing

yield problems but apparently related to a Berry shattering with pedicel or stem attached, low dosage of CPPU tend to reduce the problem.

Autumn Royal

Source: Viveros El Tambo

AUTUMN ROYALGenerals remarks about the performs in Chile.

• Light weight clusters with 18 to 20 mm, can grow bigger up to 23 mm but girdling and fruit load should be under heavy control, use of products like Crop + or Kelpak (Kelpak double dosage use in Chile as the SA recommendation), short shoulders with a relative good natural thinning.

• Productivity is far less than our Chilean Black seedless.• Poorer holding capacity than Crimson on the tree, very susceptible to a sour

root and botrytis, especially when is cultivated in low lands areas where the due is high later in the season.

• Post harvest shattering (berries with the pedicel attached) is a big issue in Chile but not in California. A theory which is leading is that the virus load in the Chilean stocks are the cause.

• Some growers and advisors got good results with 1 ppm of CPPU (a.i.) at the sizing spray, and the stem shattering is reduced.

• Vigor wise is like Crimson and tend to overshadow easier specially in fertile-clay soils, vigorous rootstocks should be avoid under such situation.

• The fruit can be ready 15 days after TH. but growers delay the harvest, this may lead in decay problems.

• Autumn Royal is performing much better in California than in Chile, in both countries is reported cracking when early rainfall or high morning due is present, but is not a clear pattern, some time we have “cracking” years more than others.

• PLU Code:4497

• Like in most of the cases the variety show less vigor when is own rooted, so far in California and in Chile very little experience is available when rootstocks should be recommended, in general is advise to use Harmony, Freedom, 5C and 1103-P. Usually late planting areas have heavier soils and more humidity. Choose the higher plots within the area to be planted.

• Short cane pruning are giving enough clusters to choose, but better clusters are coming from spurs. If the vigor of the orchard is kept during the shoot development, clusters improve a lot. Weak shoots general are leading in very light clusters and small berry size. 6 Buds cane are advisable as a cane.

• Clusters will reach the biggest size with 80 to 90 berries per cluster x 7 to 8 grams per berry. Sometime after the firs 3 shoulder a fish spine thinning of laterals may be need if the berry thinning is not good enough.

• Berry thinning with 80 to 90% bloom 1 to 2 ppm, adding Urea may improve the shattering but watch out the vigor transferred by the rootstock.

• When the shattering is over and the set is done 20 ppm is used in Chile, this is not a recommended practice in California, girdling with 1/8’’ knives or a single blade is done at this time. Is reported 10 to 15% of size improvement, color take longer time to cover the berry and sugar can go as up as 20 brix, due to the sensitivity of the variety to face decay, late harvest is not a positive issues, so girdling as a practice is not very popular.

Summer Royal

Características:• Variedad negra, baya de tamaño medio

4.3 – 5.3 gr., forma ovalada, firme.• Maduración: tercera semana Agosto en

Fresno (VI Región a fines de enero).• Seedless (semillas abortadas e

indetectables).

Pruning:• Cane

AG 3:• Bloom not recommended, cluster tipping maybe requerd

in high vigorous plants (heavy soils).• Sizing 40 ppm, not reported fertility problems

Girdling:• At set with the AG3 may increase 1 gram the berry

mass.

• Summer Royal is an early to mid-season black seedless table grape developed by USDA-ARS in Fresno, CA.

• Summer Royal harvests approx. the same time or slightly later (depends on crop load and soil conditions) than Midnight Beauty. The variety is seedless and in my opinion may be one of the best cultivars to come out of the USDA-ARS program. Berry size is good. Bunch formation is also good. Flavor and eating qualities are good. Berries are firm. Summer Royal colors well in the Central Valley of California without ethrel treatment. In the Coachella Valley a low dose ethreltreatment will help with uniform color, however care must be taken not to over-use ethrel as cracks will result.

• Care must be taken during first and possibly second season crops with bloom sprays to prevent over-shatter, this is a vigorous vine and with a young and very active plant over-shatter may result. In my experience by the second or third cropthis is not a concern and in fact a low dose of GA3 should be applied at 100% bloom to properly thin the clusters. Dose depends on vigor but usually from 0.50-ppm to 1.50-ppm at full bloom.

• Berry size can be improved with one 20-ppm GA3 treatment at 10-mm berry size (complete shatter to prevent shot-berries) care must be taken not to over spray the foliage with this GA3 treatment, only spray or dip the clusters.

Cultural Practices for Summer Royal

Source: Carl Pimentel-August 2005 Gerwan Farms Californian

• Vine Growth and Rootstocks• Depending upon soil type and growing conditions, Summer Royal exhibits typically a

high vigor when planted on its own roots. Specific information on cultivar performance when grafted on rootstocks is unavailable, but rootstocks are generally recommended for replant situations or when nematodes or phylloxera are present. Depending upon soil type and specific pest pressures, Harmony, Freedom, and 1103-P are likely rootstock choices.

• Pruning and Training• Spur pruning is suggested to obtain maximum fruit quality; spur pruned vines

normally produce larger clusters and berries than cane pruned vines. Fruit ripening and color development is normally more uniform on spur pruned vines as well. Differences in fruit quality between cane and spur pruned vines are due primarily to crop load effects, as well as to cluster location on the cane. Basal nodes (nodes 1, 2 and 3) generally produce larger clusters and berries than nodes in the mid (5 or 6) or apical (>10) sections of the cane.

• A quadrilateral cordon training (or similar divided curtain training configuration) is suggested for maximum productivity. Depending upon vine vigor and size, 24 to 32, 2-bud spurs are normally retained per vine (based on standard 7' x 12' spacing). Summer Royal has done well on an open gable trellis system.

• Productivity• Long-term productivity records are not available for this cultivar. To date production

has been good with second crop vines producing 1,200 boxes/acre (approx. 2,964/ha). Light and canopy management are important to maintain bud fruitfulness.

• Fruit Characteristics• Summer Royal produces large clusters, with natural cluster weight averaging

between 3 to 4 pounds in many vineyards. Hand thinning is necessary (even after chemical thinning) to adjust the proper number of berries per cluster. The attachment between the rachis and pedicel is average.

• The berry size of Summer Royal can average from 6-grams to 6.5-grams (more possible) with proper GA3 thinning, hand thinning, girdling and one GA3 size spray aimed at only the clusters by hand spray or dipping.

• Cultural Practices• Canopy management. Canopy management practices, including shoot thinning,

basal leaf removal and summer pruning, are similar to those normally performed on other cordon trained/spur pruned cultivars. Open canopies are desired near harvest for proper canopy light and to reduce humidity and increase air movement.

• Crop load management. Crop load has a significant impact on the fruit quality of Summer Royal. Optimum crop load obviously varies among vineyards, depending upon vine vigor, berry set and tipping practices. Initial crop reductions are performed after berry set when shoots are thinned to a single cluster. In some cases, if berry set is excessive, it may be necessary to remove individual shoulders and reduce cluster compactness.

• Gibberellic acid (GA3) bloom applications. A single application of 0.50-ppm to 1.50-ppm at 95-100% bloom is effective for reducing set. Bloom applications also increase the berry weight and size. The effects of GA applied at bloom on return fruitfulness are not well documented.

• GA berry sizing applications. Berry weight can be increased with a single application of 20-ppm at 10-mm berry size by a hand treatment spraying only the cluster. Some growers in California are experimenting with whole vine sprays however I have seen return fruitfulness problems with GA applied as a complete vine spray. Treatments any earlier than 10-mm can reduce color development and cause shot-berries.

• Girdling. Berry weight can be increased by girdling at berry set, but this treatment delays color development and may prolong harvest. I like to wait until shatter is fully complete to prevent any shot-berries and as not to delay color. Early girdle did promote shot-berries and early girdle also did delay and slow color development that resulted in some un-harvestable fruit.

• Ethrel care must be taken not to over use Ethrel on this cultivar. In the San Joaquin Valley of Central California I have found that it is not necessary to use Ethrel for color however in the Coachella Valley under desert conditions in order to achieve good color it was necessary to apply a low dose of Ethrel. Rates similar to ones that are used in Flame Seedless caused cracking or splits in Summer Royal.

USDA varieties

Under management of the CTGCCalifornian Table Grape Commission

Sweet scarlet Scarlet RoyalAutumn King

Sweet Scarlet

Characteristics:• Pink seedless variety (aborted undetected

seeds), big size berry, good cluster shape, firm berry with Muscat background as a flavor.

• Ripening just after Thompson .

Scarlet Royal

Autumn King

SHEEHAN GENETICS, LLC –Porterville

• Tim Sheehan plant breeder and 3 other production associates visited.

• Tim has been working on table grape plant breeding for over 30 years, has worked with key breeders Dr. Weinberger, Dr. Olmo and USDA, studied at UC Davis. Within the last 18 years, traveled 8 countries to obtained grape variety material for breeding stocks. Fruits of labor now commercial, starting in 2004.

• Current variety inventory consists of approximately 169 varieties of which 40 have high potential commercial value. In progress of patent process, the commercial release of varieties to accelerate in the next 3 years, currently 2 varieties have been partially contracted.

• Sheehan basic breeding principles and crop characteristics:– Focused on reducing bunch labor related manipulation, enhance harvest and

packing labor efficiency– Focused on improved economic production over traditional varieties with consistent

high yields– Focused on high quality, large berry diameters (25mm equatorial X 27 to 33mm

longitudinal), seedless, attractive appearance / colors (whites, pinks, reds, blacks) and tastes (includes Muscat flavors), high Brix and low acidity, low shatter with strong pedicel-peduncle-brush and superb raquis stability, long storage in excess of 4 mths to 6 mths easily, high production with consistent return fertility

– Focused on early to late harvest maturity, some early varieties 2 to 3 weeks earlier than Perlette although the white variety had problems a red variety was very successful. Many mid season and late season varieties, even 2-3 weeks later than Crimson, which these varieties will impact the opposite N or S Hemisphere early season grape production.

– Focused on very low or total elimination of PGR inputs both GA3, ethrel, CPPU, etc. In most cases for GA3 uses: No stretch sprays; thinning varied from 1 to 5 ppmmaximum, > 5 ppm resulted in negative results. Sizing sprays, one time only, 10 to 30 ppm maximum at 6 to 8 mm berry size. For colored grapes no ethrel required, automatically colored complete or full berry.

– Some observed minimal negatives, • very vigorous vegetative plant growth in some varieties although this could

have been due to mismanagement on Harmony rootstock, thus de-leafing or summer pruning appears to be labor required, general pruning labor remains the same.

• Minimal plants, 2 to 4, per variety observed, unknown under large scale field production the crop development and management, lot’s to learn about cultural practice management.

• General comments: – Impressive to see about 20+ varieties with superb fruit

bunch qualities and hang time parameters, also how easily these can be directly harvested and packed with minimal labor!!

– Foresee these varieties to slowly displace current traditional variety acreage or replant acreage over time, expect the impact from 2010 and beyond.

– Large exclusive table grape farm(s), which buy these varieties, will have leveraged commercial marketing advantages in due time; secure profit margins and lower production costs.

Other varieties• Manchester varieties (South Africa)

– Alpha Red: red seeded, -3 weeks– Desert Seedless: black, seedless, -3 weeks– Night Shade: black, seeded, -3 weeks– Cerise Seedless: red, seedless, -3 weeks– Moon Balls: white, seeded, +2 weeks?– Galaxy: red, seeded, +2 weeks?– Ice Seedless: with seedless same as

Sugraone

Manchester Farms• Moon balls:

– Whit Seeded ideal for Asian Market– Dole have the right for Chile, South Africa and Morocco,

available in Egypt.– Pruning in sours.– Need good shade so strong canopy should enhance.– Berries can not be touch till the Veraison / Softening.– Tipping the bunch targeting 60 berries 13 grams each with 30

mm– Berry size not depending in the number of seeds as Red Globe. – 44.000 clusters x Ha x 13 grams x berry x 60 berries 33 -

35ton/Há– Tend to compact because lack of space for berry growth.

Moon balls from South Africa season 2002

• ICE Seedless: – Breed to replace Sugraone, very irregular fertility almost not related to

the chilling winter units.– Friendly in term of shattering (alosmost not shot berries), good texture

and flavor.– Harvest as Sugraone 22-24 mm only with girdling.– Managing the fruit laod the harvest can move a bit early.

Ice Seedless from South Africa in South Africa

Season 2002/2003

• Alfa Red: red seeded early have not the same size as Red Globe. – Very good thinning, girdling may be good

effect for size, as well as the GA3.– Travaal in SA harvest 5th November.– Post harvest life as good as to reach 72 days.

• Cerise seedless– With 90 mm split or hair line is not observed.– Breed to replace Flame.– Very fertile and good berry size. – Should use AG3 but is not clear the dosage

maybe 2 x 3 ppm ?? – Not clear if fertility is affected (2006).– Some trace of seeds.

Other Private programs

• Gerawn Farms • Guimarra• INIA-Consorcio Fruticola• Embrapa-Brasil• OJO MUTACIONES……..

Cultivares - BRS – Clara• É uma cultivar vigorosa e fértil. Com manejo adequado, atinge facilmente

30 t/ha/ano. Apresenta boa tolerância ao cancro bacteriano (Xanthomonascampestris pv. viticola).

Cultivares - BRS – Clara• A uva destaca-se pelo suave e agradável sabor moscatel, pela coloração

verde-amarelada das bagas e textura crocante da polpa. Apresenta elevado potencial glucométrico, chegando a mais de 20o Brix, porém o ponto de colheita recomendável é quando atinge 18o Brix, quando a relação açúcar/acidez (SST/ATT) situa-se em torno de 24. Comporta-se bem em relação ao rachamento de bagas, causado pela ocorrência de chuvas durante o período de maturação da uva. O cacho apresenta boa conformação, sendo naturalmente cheio, sem necessidade de raleio de bagas. As bagas têm boa aderência ao pedicelo, sendo bastante resistentes à degrana mesmo após a seca do engaço. O engaço desidrata relativamente rápido após a colheita em condições de ambiente natural.

Cultivares - BRS – Morena• É uma cultivar de vigor moderado. Apresenta alta fertilidade e os cachos

são soltos. Pode chegar à produtividade da ordem de 20 a 25 t/ha.

Cultivares - BRS – Morena• A uva tem bom equilíbrio entre açúcar e acidez, o que lhe confere ótimo

sabor. Textura de polpa firme e crocante. Apresenta um elevado potencial glucométrico, chegando a mais de 20o Brix, porém é recomendável que seja colhida com 18o Brix, quando a relação açúcar/acidez (SST/ATT) já ésuperior a 24. Comporta-se bem em relação ao rachamento de bagas, causado pela ocorrência de chuvas, durante o período de maturação da uva. A aderência ao pedicelo é fraca. O engaço desidrata relativamente rápido após a colheita.

Cultivares - BRS – Linda• É uma cultivar vigorosa que mostrou muito boa adaptação e fertilidade.

Cultivares - BRS – Linda• Chegou a produzir 47 t/ha, porém, com este volume de produção, a

qualidade da uva fica prejudicada em aparência e sabor. Os cachos são naturalmente cheios, apresentando conformação que dispensa o raleio de bagas. A uva tem coloração verde, tonalidade preferida em certos mercados como o inglês. O cacho atinge facilmente 450 g a 600 g e o tamanho natural das bagas, em média, é de 18 mm x 23 mm. Apresenta limitado potencial glucométrico, normalmente na faixa de 14o a 15o Brix, e baixa acidez. A polpa é firme e crocante. Destaca-se pela alta aderência ao pedicelo, com alta resistência à degrana, e engaço forte e resistente ao murchamento.