villa savoye case study

8/9/2019 villa savoye case study

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AAYOJAN SCHOOL OFARCHITECTURE


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Submitted By :-

PALLAVI D. KULKARNI

II YEAR SEC A


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Villa Savoye

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Villa Savoye

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Re!ovated 256'$ 25&.7255%

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$or"usier had such freedom ith the @o" that he as only limited "y his on architectural palette. e "e!an ork on the pro@ect in

Septem"er &'. is initial ideas ere those that eventually manifested themselves in the final "uildin! "ut "eteen -utumn &' and

Sprin! &'' he undertook a series of alternatives that ere influenced primarily "y the Savoyes concern a"out cost.+'?he eventual solution

to this pro"lem as to reduce the volume of the "uildin! "y movin! the master "edroom don to the first floor and reducin! the !rid spacin!

don from 5 metres to 3.75 metres.+&4

+edit$onstruction

Astimates of the cost in Fe"ruary &'' ere appro1imately half a millionFrancs,althou!h this e1cluded the cost of the lod!e and the

landscapin! elements (almost tice the ori!inal "ud!et). ?he pro@ect as tendered in Fe"ruary ith contracts aarded in ;arch &''.

$han!es made to the desi!n hilst the pro@ect as "ein! "uilt includin! an amendment to the storey hei!ht and the e1clusion and then re8

introduction of the chauffeurs accommodation led to the costs risin! to appro1imately 44,444 Francs. -t the time the pro@ect started on site

no desi!n ork had "een done on the lod!e and the final desi!n as only presented to the client in %une &''. ?he desi!n as for a dou"le

lod!e "ut this as reduced to a sin!le lod!e as the costs ere too hi!h.+&&-lthou!h construction of the hole house as complete ithin a

year it as not ha"ita"le until &'*&.+&

+editBesi!n

?he Villa Savoye is pro"a"ly $or"usiers "est knon "uildin! from the &'4s, it had enormous influence on international modernism. +&*It

as desi!ned addressin! his em"lematic /Five Points/, the "asic tenets in his ne architectural aesthetic: +3

&. Support of !round8levelpilotis,elevatin! the "uildin! from the earth and alloed an e1tended continuity of the !arden "eneath.

. Functional roof, servin! as a !arden and terrace, reclaimin! for nature the land occupied "y the "uildin!.

*. Free floor plan, relieved ofload8"earin! alls,alloin! alls to "e placed freely and only here aesthetically needed.

3. #on! hori0ontal indos, providin! illumination and ventilation.

5. Freely8desi!ned facades, servin! as only as a skin of the all and indos and unconstrained "y load8"earin! considerations.

Cnlike his earlier ton villas $or"usier as a"le to carefully desi!n all four sides of the Villa Savoye in response to the vie and the

orientation of the sun. 2n the !round floor he placed the main entrance hall, ramp and stairs, !ara!e, chauffeur and maids rooms. -t first

floor the master "edroom, the sons "edroom, !uest "edroom, kitchen, salon and e1ternal terraces. ?he salon as orientated to the north

est hilst the terrace faced the south. ?he sons "edroom faced the south east and the kitchen and service terrace ere on the north east.

-t second floor level ere a series of sculpted spaces that formed a solarium.+&3
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?he plan as set out usin! the principle ratios of theDolden section:in this case a sEuare divided into si1teen eEual parts, e1tended on to

sides to incorporate the pro@ectin! faades and then fur ther divided to !ive the position of the ramp and the entrance. +&5

In his "ook Vers une Architecture$or"usier e1claimed /the motor car is an o"@ect ith a simple function (to travel) and complicated aims

(comfort, resistance, appearance)G/.+&6?he house, desi!ned as a second residence and sited as it as outside Paris as desi!ned ith the

car in mind. ?he sense of mo"ility that the car !ave translated into a feelin! of movement that is inte!ral to the understandin! of the "uildin!.

+&7?he approach to the house as "y car, past the caretakers lod!e and eventually under the "uildin! itself. Aven the curved arc of the

industrial !la0in! to the !round floor entrance as determined "y the turnin! circle of a car. Bropped off "y the chauffeur, the car proceeded

around the curve to park in the !ara!e. ;eanhile the occupants entered the house on a1is into the main hall throu!h a porticoof flankin!

columns.+&

?he four columns in the entrance hall seemin!ly direct the visitor up the ramp. ?his ramp, that can "e seen from almost everyhere in the

house continues up to the first floor livin! area and salon "efore continuin! e1ternally from the first floor roof terrace up to the second floor

solarium.+&'?hrou!hout his career $or"usier as interested in "rin!in! a feelin! of sacredness into the act of dellin! and acts such as

ashin! and eatin! ere !iven si!nificance "y their positionin!. +4-t the Villa Savoye the act of cleansin! is represented "oth "y the sink in

the entrance hall+&and the cele"ration of the health8!ivin! properties of the sun in the solarium on the roof hich is !iven si!nificance "y

"ein! the culmination of ascendin! the ramp.+

$or"usiers piloti perform a num"er of functions around the house, "oth inside and out. 2n the to lon!er elevations they are flush ith the

face of the faade and imply heaviness and support, "ut on the shorter sides they are set "ack !ivin! a floatin! effect that emphasises the

hori0ontal feelin! of the house. ?he ide strip indo to the first floor terrace has to "a"y piloti to support and stiffen the all a"ove.

-lthou!h these piloti are in a similar plane to the lar!er columns "elo a falseperspectivehen vieed from outside the house !ives the

impression that they are further into the house than they actually are.+*

?he Villa Savoye uses the hori0ontal ri""on indos found in his earlier villas. Cnlike his contemporaries, $or"usier often chose to use

tim"er indos rather than metal ones. It has "een su!!ested that this is "ecause he as interested in !lass for its planar properties and

that the set8"ack position of the !lass in the tim"er frame alloed the faade to "e seen as a series of parallel planes. +3

+edit#ater history

Pro"lems ith the Savoyes caused "y all the reEuests for additional payment from the contractors for all the chan!es ere compounded "y

the reEuirement for early repairs to the ne house. Aach autumn the Savoyes suffered pro"lems ith rainater leaks throu!h the roof. +5?he

Savoyes continued to live in the house until &'34, leavin! durin! World War II. It as occupied tice durin! the ar: first "y the Dermans8

hen it as used as a hay store+68 and then "y the-mericans, ith "oth occupations dama!in! the "uildin! severely. ?he Savoyes

returned to their estate after the ar, "ut, no lon!er in position to live as they had done "efore the ar, they a"andoned the house a!ain

shortly after. ?he villa as e1propriated "y of the ton of Poissy in &'5, hich first used it as a pu"lic youth center and later considered

demolishin! it to make ay for a schoolhouse comple1. Protest from architects ho felt the house should "e saved, and the intervention of
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_sectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_sectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_sectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porticohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porticohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Villa_Savoye&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Villa_Savoye&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Villa_Savoye&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_sectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porticohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Villa_Savoye&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Savoye#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II


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$or"usier himself, spared the house from demolition. - first attempt of renovation as "e!un in &'6* "y architect %ean Be"uisson, despite

opposition from $or"usier. ?he villa as added to the French re!ister of historical monuments in &'65, "ecomin! the fi rst modernist

"uildin!desi!nated as historical monument in France, and also the first to "e the o"@ect of renovation hile its architect as still livin!. In

&'5, a thorou!h state8funded restoration process, led "y architect %ean8#ouis VHret, as undertaken, "ein! completed in &''7. ?he

restoration included structural and surface repairs to the facades and terraces, the installation of li!htin! and security cameras, and the

reinstatement of some of the ori!inal fi1tures and fittin!s.+3+7

+edit#e!acy

?he southern hemisphere /shado/ of the Villa Savoye, in$an"erra, -ustralia

?he Villa Savoye as a very influential "uildin! of the &'*4s and imitations of it can "e found all over the orld. +?he "uildin! featured in

to hu!ely influential "ooks of the time:itchcockand%ohnsonsThe International Stylepu"lished in &'* and F.


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?he est in! of the-ustralian Institute of -"ori!inal and ?orres Strait Islander Studiesin$an"erradesi!ned "y-shton


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&7. ^Dast (444), p66

&. ^$urtis (446), p'5 N '6

&'. ^Dast (444), p66

4. ^Samuel (447), p&6'

&. ^Samuel (447), p&5

. ^Samuel (447), p&6

*. ^$urtis (446), p'7 N '

3. ^Samuel (447), p7687

5. ^9enton (&'7), p&'3 N &'5

6. ^$urtis (446), p'3

7. ^Panayotis ?ournikiotis./#e $or"usier, Diedion, and the Villa Savoye: From $onsecration to Preservation of -rchitecture/.

$olum"ia Cniversity Draduate School of -rchitecture.


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$urtis, William % < (446). e Cor!usier "Ideas and #orms. #ondon N =e ork: Phaidon Press.IS9=487&387'48.

Dast, laus8Peter (444). e Cor!usier " $aris Chandigarh. 9asel, 9erlin, 9oston: 9irkhQuser.IS9=*8763*86'&8L.

Atchells, Frederick (&''7). To%ards a &e% Architecture !y e Cor!usier. 21ford, An!land: -rchitectural Press.IS9='7848758

466*5384.


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