VITAMIN B STABILITY OF DRIED BEE VITAMIN B STABILITY OF DRIED BEE POLLEN DURING STORAGEPOLLEN DURING STORAGE

Prof. Assoc. Ligia Bicudo de Almeida Muradian

Food and Nutrition Department -Pharmaceutical Science SchoolUniversity of São Paulo, Brazil

ligiabi@usp.br

Countries which has bee pollen regulation:

• Argentina• Armenia• Bulgaria• Brazil• China• Cuba

• Poland • Russia• Switzerland• Turkey• Uruguay

BRAZIL

Production of 200 ton/year

Bee pollen production

Collect...............

Freeze

Dehydration..............................................

Cleaning

Package.......

Bee pollen collect

Vitamins studied:

(water-soluble vitamins of the B complex)

Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)deficiency = beriberi(neurological and cardiovascular disease)

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)deficiency = ariboflavinosis

(include cracked and red lips, inflammation of the lining of mouth)

Vitamins studied:

(water-soluble vitamins of the B complex)

Vitamin B3 (PP or niacin)deficiency = pellagra(diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia)

Vitamin B6 (Piridoxine)

3 isomers

Nicotinic acid Nicotinamide

Piridoxine Piridoxal

Piridoxamine

Material and Methods

Material

07 Batches of bee pollen from Sao Paulo, Brazil were collected using 15 bee hives (Apis mellifera) and were kept at room temperature (with and without light exposure) an in freezer

Methods

Simultaneous extraction (Moreschi, 2006; Presoto and Almeida-Muradian 2008)

HPLC:

Vitamin B1 (pre-column reaction): Mobile phase: phosfate buffer pH 7.2 and dimethylformamide; Column: C18; fluorescence detection (Ex 368 nm; Em 440 nm)

Vitamin B2: Mobile phase: phosfate buffer pH 7.2 and dimethylformamide; Column: C18; fluorescence detection (Ex 450 nm; Em 530 nm)

Vitamin PP (post-column reaction): phosfate buffer with hidrogen peroxide and copper sulphate, cobre; Column: C18 ; fluorescence detection (Ex 322nm; Em 380 nm)

Vitamina B6: phosfate buffer with pH 2.5 with ion par and acetonitrile: Column: C18; fluorescence detection (Ex 296nm; Em 390 nm)

Chromatograms

B1

B2

PP

Standards Samples

Chromatograms

B6Standard

Sample

Results

Vitamin B1

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

inicial 4 meses 8 meses 12 mesesMonths

Luz Escuro Freezer Teor inicial

Light

mg/100g

Light Dark Initial concentration

Stable

Initial

Results

mg/100g

Vitamina B2

1,2

1,7

2,2

2,7

inicial 4 meses 8 meses 12 meses

Luz Escuro Freezer Teor inicial

a

ab

a

a

a

a

a a

a

Initial monthsLight Dark Initial concentration

28% lost

Still vitamin source

Vitamin

Results

Vitamina PP

3

5

7

9

11

13

inicial 4 meses 8 meses 12 meses

Luz Escuro Freezer Teor inicial

mg/100g

aa

a

Vitamin

Initial 12 months

Light Dark Initial concentration

60% lost

Vitamina B6

-0,4

-0,15

0,1

0,35

inicial 4 meses 8 meses 12 meses

Luz Escuro Freezer Teor inicial

Results

mg/100g

aa

a

Vitamin

Initial 12 months

Light Dark Initial concentration

total lost

Conclusion

• After one year the vitamins were:

• B1 remain

• B2 28% lost

• PP 60% lost

• B6 100% lost

• The vitamin loose depends more on thetime of storage than the conditions of storage.

Thank you all...

• Vanilda Arruda (PhD student, USP)• Aline Pereira (Undergraduate student, USP)• Ortrud Monika Barth (PhD, FIOCRUZ)• Alex Freitas (MS student, FIOCRUZ)• Fabricia Soriane (PRONATU)