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.4.2

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1

Funkn bezpenost

elektrickch pstrojsouisejcch s bezpenost

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.4.2

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2

Funkn bezpenost

st celkov bezpenosti tkajc seEUC a systmu zen EUC zvisl nasprvnm funovn E!E!E" systm#souvisejcc$ s bezpenost%systmec$ souvisejcc$ sbezpenost zalo&enc$ na jinc$

tec$nickc$ principec$ a vn'j(c$proste)cc$ pro sn&en rizika

*+ E+ ,-./012

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3

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4

Mechanical Safety Action (if available

Plant Shut-down

!il" #rocessp$r$%eter

&i'h (ontrol leel

&i'h )l$r% leel

Ti%e

*+ ,per$tor t$kes $ction

(ert$in #rocessp$r$%eter $lue -o (ontrol leel

/

or%$l beh$ior

(1

Function$lit

#rocess.

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5

3ech$nic$l 1$+et )ction i+ $$il$ble5

#l$nt 1hut"on

!il" #rocessp$r$%eter

&i'h (ontrol leel

&i'h )l$r% leel

71 controlle"Trip leel

Ti%e

*+ ,per$tor t$kes $ction

(ert$in #rocessp$r$%eter $lue

1$+et *nstru%ente"1ste% Function$lit

-o (ontrol leel

Normal behavior

(1Function$lit

1$+et 1ste%.

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6

&$e 8ou 9een )ske" This:

34o5 can you )emonstrate t$at you are safe67

Regulator

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7

1$+et *ssues +or 7n" User ; ,per$tors

8 4o5 )o you )emonstrate t$at your operations are 9safe:6

8 4o5 )o you )emonstrate t$at your e;uipment is 9safe:6

8 4o5 )o you )emonstrate t$at your safety an) protectivesystems protect aainst your $azar)s6

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8

!h$t is *7(6:

8 >n international stan)ar) relatin to t$e ?unctional *afetyof electrical ! electronic ! prorammable electronic safetyrelate) systems

@ Aainly concerne) 5it$ E!E!"E safety1relate) systems5$ose failure coul) $ave an impact on t$e safety ofpersons an)!or t$e environment

@ Coul) also be use) to specify any E!E!"E system use)for t$e protection of e;uipment or pro)uct

8 =t is an in)ustry best practice stan)ar) to enable you to

re)uce t$e risk of a $azar)ous event to a tolerable level

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Technolo'ies (oncerne"

8 7 7lectric$l8 electro1mec$anical ! relays ! interlocks

8 7 7lectronic8 soli) state electronics

8 #71 #ro'r$%%$ble 7lectronic 1ste%s8 "rorammable Boic Controllers "BC:sD8 Aicroprocessor base) systems8 Fistribute) Control *ystems

8 Gt$er computer base) )evices3smart7 sensors ! transmitters !

actuatorsD

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Fe$tures

8 Heneric *tan)ar)

8 Hui)ance on t$e use of E!E!"E*8 Compre$ensive approac$ involvin concepts of *afety Bifecycle an)

inclu)es all elements of t$e protective system

8 Iisk1base) approac$ lea)in to )etermination of *afety =nterityBevels *J=JBsD

8 Consi)ers t$e entire *afety Critical Boop

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11

?eneric $n" )pplic$tion 1ector 1t$n"$r"s

IEC61508

=EC,-.-- K

"rocess *ector

Ae)ical *ector

=EC,-.-L K

+uclear *ector

=EC,M/,- K

Aac$inery *ector

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13

*7( 6

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14

*n"ustries

)pplies to $ i"e $riet o+

in"ustries $cross the processsector

*nclu"in'A

(he%ic$ls

,il re+inin'

,il $n" '$s pro"uction

#ulp $n" p$per

/onnucle$r poer

'ener$tion

#h$r%$ceutic$ls ; Fine(he%ic$ls

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15

1cope

8 "rocess c$emicals% oil N as% paper% non1nuclear po5er enerationD

8 En)1to1en) safety instrumente) system *=*D 1$!5% s!5% mtJ an) $uman factors

8 ?ull safety lifecycle 1 specification% )esin%interation% operation% maintenance

8 =nten)e) for interators ! users@ not for e;uipment )esiners ! ven)ors

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16

1tructure

*7( 6

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17

*7( 6

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Bel$tionship *7( 6

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Bel$tionship *7( 6

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20

1i%il$rities *7( 6 *7( 6

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21

Ge i++erences *7( 6

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22

Gverall =nstallationN Commissionin

--

M

ERternal IiskIe)uction?acilities

Gverall *cope Fefinition

Iealisation

- Concept

L 4azar) Iisk >nalysis

2 Gverall *afety Ie;uirements

*afety Ielate)*ystemsK

E ! E ! "E*

-M

Iealisation

Gverall "lannin

*afety Ielate)*ystemsK

Gt$erOec$noloy

Iealisation

-/

Gverall=nstallation N

Commissionin"lannin

GverallSali)ation"lannin

GverallGperation NAaintenance

"lannin

0

T

,

*afety Ie;uirements >llocation.

Qack to appropriateGverall *afety Bifecycle

"$ase

-.

-, Fecommissionin

-L Gverall *afety Sali)ation

Gverall Gperation N Aaintenance-2 Gverall Ao)ification N Ietrofit

,er$ll 1$+et -i+eccle in *7( 6

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23

*7( 6 onership o+ ph$ses

#B771*?/

#h$ses < to =5

,#7B)T*,/

#h$ses

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24

#reesi'n A #h$ses < =

< A (oncept

2 A ,er$ll 1copee+inition

E A &$z$r" Bisk)n$lsis

4 A ,er$ll 1$+etBeHuire%ents

= A 1$+etBeHuire%ents

)lloc$tion

($n ou "e%onstr$te th$tou h$e i"enti+ie" $ll

our h$z$r"s:

($n ou "e%onstr$te th$t

ou $re usin' $"eHu$te$n" correct %etho"s o+h$z$r" protection:

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25

esi'n *%ple%ent$tion A #h$ses 6

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26

,per$tion A #h$ses

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27

1uppl (h$in

*7(6

B>I"8 Quil) event c$ain8 Estimate )eman) rates8 Fefine protection re;uire)

8 *pecify re;uire) *=B

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@ F$ilure c$te'oriesC in *7( 6

8 ) M B$n"o% &$r"$reF$ilures

,B

8 9 M 1ste%$tic F$ilures

8 speci+ic$tionN

8 sste%$tic h$r"$reN

8 so+t$reN

8 %$inten$nceN

8 $ll +$ilures th$t $re not r$n"o%

)9

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1$+et *nte'rit -eel 1*-

1)F7T8

*/T7?B*T8

-7V7-

1*-5

-,! 73)/ 3,7,F ,#7B)T*,/

#rob$bilit o+ +$ilure

to per+or% its

"esi'ne" +unction on

"e%$n"5

(,/T*/U,U1;&*?&73)/ 3,7 ,F

,#7B)T*,/

#rob$bilit o+ one

"$n'erous +$ilure per

hour5

4 OM

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38

Bisk $n" eter%in$tion o+ 1$+et *nte'rit-eels

Qasic

Fesin

Unacceptable

No

Protection

SIL4SIL3

SIL

2SIL1=ncrea

sin

*everity

=ncreasin Bikeli$oo)

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39

Bisk Be"uction BeHuire%ents

1$+et *nte'rit-eel

Bisk Be"uction

<

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40

Beli$bilitL F$ilure B$te $n" )$il$bilit $t e$ch leel

*=B -

*=B M

*=B L

*=B 2

Beli$bilit #rob$bilit o++$ilure on"e%$n"

Trip Un$$il$bleper e$r5

T/X 1 TTX /J- to /J/- 0, to 0J,$rs

TTX 1 TTJTX /J/- to /J//- 0J, to 0J,$rs

TTJTX 1TTJTTX

/J//- to /J///- 0J,$rs to .MJ,mins

TTJTTX 1TTJTTT

X

/J///- to /J////- .MJ, mins to .JLmins

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41

#rotectie 1ste% Technolo'

*tan)ar) components% sinle c$annel or t5innon1)iverse c$annels*=B -

*tan)ar) components% - out of M or M out of L%

possible nee) for some )iversityJ >llo5ance forcommon1cause failures nee)e)

*=B M

Aultiple c$annel 5it$ )iversity on sensin an)actuationJ Common1cause failures a majorconsi)erationJ *$oul) rarely be re;uire) in

"rocess =n)ustry

*=B L

*pecialist )esinJ *$oul) never be re;uire) int$e "rocess =n)ustry*=B 2

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eter%ine" to $chiee the correct 1*- leel...

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8 Sarious met$o)s availableK

8 Qu$lit$tie risk 'r$ph8 ($libr$te" risk 'r$ph %etho"olo' onl D

not "e+initie5

8 -$er ,+ #rotection )n$lsis -,#)5

8 &$z$r"ous eent seerit 3$triK8 Qu$nti+ie" Bisk )n$lsis QB)5

8 P$ic$ one to use6 Fevelop your o5n6

1*- $ssess%ent

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($lcul$tion o+ #F)V?

E=R o+ #F)' 17

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L. X -.X ./X

#F+i'ures +or $ &*3) sste%L eK$%ple

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B(;)G $ccor"in' */ V V7

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(oncept o+ l$ers o+ protection $cc. *7( 6

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&$z$r"ous eent seerit 3$triK

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006

Funkn bezpenost

st celkov bezpenosti tkajc seEUC a systmu zen EUC zvisl nasprvnm funovn E!E!E" systm#

souvisejcc$ s bezpenost%systmec$ souvisejcc$ sbezpenost zalo&enc$ na jinc$

tec$nickc$ principec$ a vn'j(c$proste)cc$ pro sn&en rizika