Science Batch G-1

Word: Dissolve溶解Word ID: 700001Strand: 2Topic: [Mixtures & Solutions][混合物＆溶液]Used: [SG2][SH2]

Box 1:DissolveWhen you add a teaspoon or packet of sugar in a cup of tea, the sugar dissolves.當你加入一茶匙或一包糖在一杯茶中，糖將會溶解。What does it mean when something dissolves?當物體溶解時是什麼意思？It mixes completely with the liquid.徹底混合溶液It changes into a different material.轉變成不同的物質It collects at the bottom of the liquid.沈澱在液體的底部Box 3:When things such as sugar and salt are mixed with a liquid such as water, they break up and mix completely with the water and cannot be seen. Once a material is dissolved in a liquid, it cannot be taken back out unless the liquid is heated up or left to dry up. The dissolved material will then be left behind. Ocean water has salt dissolved in it. People get sick if they drink saltwater.當物質像是糖和鹽跟液體像是水混合在一起後，它們解散和完全與水混合並無法看到的。一旦物質溶解在液體中，它就無法回復，除非液體被烘乾或讓液體乾枯。溶解物質將會留下來。海水有鹽巴溶解在裡面。假如人喝海水將會覺得噁心。Here is a photo that shows hot water, chocolate, and sugar that have been combined to make hot chocolate. The chocolate and sugar have been dissolved in the hot water.這裡有一張熱水、巧克力和糖，混合在一起產生熱巧克力。這巧克力和糖已經溶解在水中。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons/David Monniaux

Box 5:Which of the following is most likely to dissolve in water?下列哪一項最有可能溶解在水中？A A handful of pebbles一點的鵝卵石B A cup of sand一杯沙C A lump of sugar一塊糖D A clump of dirt一塊泥土Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.很好！你答對了The correct answer is C: A lump of sugar正確答案是 C: 一塊糖Box 12:When something dissolves in a liquid, it can no longer be seen in the liquid.當物質溶解在液體中，你在也無法在液體中看到它。Word: Concave凹面Word ID: 700002Strand: 2Topic: [Light Behavior][光學]Used: [SG2][SH2]

Box 1:Concave

Lee was having trouble seeing things far away. The eye doctor told him he needed glasses with concave lens.Lee有問題看很遠的東西。眼科醫生告訴他需要一副有凹透鏡的眼鏡。What does concave mean?凹透鏡是什麼意思？curved outward像外彎曲curved inward像內彎曲colored有色Box 3:Concave means curved inward. A cereal bowl has a concave shape. A concave lens is used to bend light outward.凹面意思像內彎曲。榖麥碗有凹面的形狀。凹面鏡是拿來把光線像外彎曲。When people cannot easily see things that are far away, concave lenses help to bend the light so the things that are in the distance can be seen more clearly. Large telescopes that people use to see far into space use concave mirrors to help gather the faint light from distant objects in space.There are also special telescopes, called radio telescopes, that are concave in shape. Radio telescopes are able to receive information from satellites and probes in space, as well as naturally occurring radio waves from faraway galaxies. Thisis a picture of several radio telescopes. Notice how they are concave in shape.當人們無法容易的看到很遠的東西，凹面鏡可以幫忙折射光線，然後東西會落在你能看得清楚的範圍內。人們使用大的望遠鏡去看遠在太空的東西，使用凹面鏡讓空中遙遠的物體能聚集成昏暗的光。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons/Roman Feiler

Box 5:How can you tell when a lens has a concave shape?當鏡片有凹面形你會知道什麼？A It is curved inward.

它是往內凹的B It is completely flat.它是完全平的C It is smooth around the edges.它的邊緣是平滑的D It is round or oval.它是圓或橢圓Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.很好！你答對了The correct answer is A: It is curved inward.正確答案是 A: 它是往內凹的Box 12:A cereal bowl has a concave shape. The end of a spoon that you scoop with also has a concave shape.榖麥碗是凹面形狀。你用的湯匙也是凹面狀。Word: Inherit遺傳Word ID: 700003Strand: 3Topic: [Adaptations][Heredity][適應] [遺傳性]Used: [SG3][SH3]

Box 1:InheritChildren inherit many characteristics from their parents.小孩從父母親那裏遺傳很多特質What does it mean to inherit characteristics from your parents?從父母親遺傳的特質是什麼意思Many of the traits you have come from your parents.你擁有的很多特質是來自你父母親的You look exactly the same as one of your parents.你看起來與你父母親其中一個一模一樣The way you act is learned from watching your parents.你的表現方是由觀看父母親學習而來的Box 3:All living things inherit, or receive, characteristics from their parents. These characteristics are also called traits. Some traits determine how you look and act. Maybe you have noticed that you look or act like your parents in some ways. That is because you inherited your traits from them when you were born.所有的生物都會從父母親那遺傳或是接收特質的。這些特質也稱作人格特質。一些人格特

質決定你的外表和舉止。可能你注意到你的長相或舉止某些程度像你的雙親。這是因為你當你出生時遺傳到他們的特質。Here is a photo of two very young puppies. You can see how similar they are in appearance. They inherited their appearance from their parents.這裡有一張兩隻小狗的照片。你可以看到牠們外表有多相似。他們遺傳到雙親的外表。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons/D. Mighton

Box 5:Margarita has many of the same characteristics as her grandmother.Margarita有許多跟她祖母相似的特質。Which of the following best explains why this is?下列哪一個最能解釋這件事？A Margarita cuts her hair to match her grandmother's hair.Margarita剪她的頭髮去配合祖母的頭髮B Margarita wears clothes like her grandmother used to wear.Margarita穿的衣服就像是她祖母過去穿的C Margarita inherited her appearance from her grandmother.Margarita遺傳到她祖母的長相D Margarita lives very close to where her grandmother lives.Margarita住的離她祖母家非常近Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.很好！你答對了The correct answer is C: Margarita inherited her appearance from her grandmother.正確答案是 C: Margarita遺傳到她祖母的長相Box 12:The word inherit means "to receive."遺傳這個字意思為接收Word: Amoeba

變形蟲Word ID: 700004Strand: 3Topic: [Structure of Life][Animals][生命結構] [動物]Used: [SG3][SH3]

Box 1:AmoebaYou are looking through a microscope at a drop of water and you see an organism called an amoeba.你正從望遠鏡看到一顆水滴且你看到的有機體是變形蟲。What is an amoeba?什麼是變形蟲？A one-celled organism that moves by changing its shape單細胞的有機體藉著改變它的形狀而移動A one-celled organism that has a tail to help it move單細胞的有機體有尾巴可以幫它移動A one-celled organism that is unable to move on its own單細胞的有機體無法自行移動Box 3:An amoeba is a single-celled organism that can only be seen through a microscope. It is a simple organism that lives in water and moves by changing its shape. Amoebas eat other small organisms by completely surrounding them. An amoeba moves by extending a part of itself and then moving toward that part.變形蟲是單細胞有機體，它只能透過顯微鏡下觀察。它是生活在水中的簡單有機體並藉著改變它的形狀移動。變形蟲吃其他小的有機體藉著完全的包覆他們。變形蟲藉著伸展它自己然後移動。

Image provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Box 5:Which is not true of an amoeba?下列哪一個不是變形蟲？A It is an organism that lives in all types of water.一個生存在各種水中的有機體B It is an organism that lives mostly in soil.它是一個幾乎都住在土壤中的有機體。C It is an organism that can only be seen with a microscope.只能在顯微鏡下才能看到的有機體。D It is an organism that lives in water and is very small.住在水中且非常小的有機體Box 8:Fantastic! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is B: It is an organism that lives mostly in soil.正確答案是 B: 它是一個幾乎都住在土壤中的有機體。Box 12:You need a microscope to see an amoeba. If you look at an amoeba over time, it may not always look the same.你需要一個顯微鏡去看變形蟲。假如你長時間觀察變形蟲，它總是看起來不一樣。Word: Converge聚集Word ID: 700005Strand: 2Topic: [Light Behavior][光學]Used: [SG2][SH2]

Box 1:ConvergeBirds often converge around seeds that are left on the ground.鳥通常聚集在她們留在地上的種子附近What does converge mean?聚集的意思是？To land on the ground降落在路面To fly above在天上飛翔To come together集合在一起

Box 3:Converge means to come together. Animals, such as lions and wolves, which hunt in groups, converge on their prey. Birds often converge around seeds, worms, and insects. Some birds converge around fish in the ocean.聚集意思是集合在一起。動物、像是獅子或狼，牠們集體獵食。鳥通常聚集在種子、蟲和昆蟲旁。一些鳥聚集在海中的魚群旁。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons/Korall

Box 5:In which sentence is the word converge not used correctly?下列哪個句子使用聚集是不正確的？A The ants began to converge around the crumbs that were left behind.螞蟻開始聚集在掉下來的麵包屑附近B We could see the sharks converge on the bait.我看到鯊魚聚集在誘餌旁C The owl caused the birds to converge in different directions.這貓頭鷹引起了鳥聚集在不同方向D The approaching storm caused the bees to converge on the bee hive.接近的暴風雨引起蜜蜂聚集在蜂窩Box 8:Terrific! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is C: The owl caused the birds to converge in different directions.正確答案是 C: 這貓頭鷹引起了鳥聚集在不同方向Box 12:When it is time to eat dinner, people usually converge around a dinner table.

當吃晚餐時間，人們通常聚集在晚餐桌旁Word: Convex凸面體Word ID: 700006Strand: 2Topic: [Light Behavior][光學]Used: [SG2][SH2]

Box 1:ConvexIbrahim wanted to draw a picture of something that was convex.Ibrahim想要畫有關於凸狀的物體。What does convex mean?凸狀的意思是？Something that is curved outward物體是往外彎曲Something that is curved inward物體是往內彎曲Something that has a straight edge物體有筆直的邊緣Box 3:Convex means curved outward. Anything that is rounded has a convex shape. A convex lens is used to bend light inward. When people cannot easily see things that are close, convex lenses help to bend the light so they can see more clearly.凸狀意思是往外彎曲。任何圓形物體都有凸狀形狀。凸面鏡片用在讓光線往內彎曲。當人無無法輕易看到很近的物體時，凸面鏡片會幫忙折射光線讓他們可以看的更清楚。Some mirrors on the outside of cars and trucks are convex mirrors. If a mirror on the outside of a car or truck is convex, you will see a message at the bottom of the mirror that reads "Objects in the mirror are closer than they appear." When a mirror is convex, objects appear further away because of the way the convex shape of the mirror bends light.Perhaps you have even seen large convex mirrors in parking garages and inside of elevators. These mirrors allow you to see all around so that you know that it is safe to enter.一些車子和卡車外面的鏡子都是凸面鏡。假如車子或卡車外面的鏡子是凸面鏡。你將會看到鏡子底下有一排訊息寫著鏡子中的物體會比真實位置的來的靠近。當鏡子是凸面鏡，物體會呈現更靠近，因為凸面鏡折射了光線。可能你曾經看過大凸面鏡在停車場和電梯裡。這些鏡子可以讓你看到你的周遭，你就會知道是否可以安全進入。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons/Ildar Sagdejev

Box 5:Which of these things has a surface that is convex?下列哪些東西的表面是凸面？A A book書B An egg蛋C A sheet of paper一張紙D A cardboard box硬紙箱Box 8:Good job! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is B: An egg正確答案是 B: 蛋Box 12:Something that is convex is shaped similar to a dome or small hill.有些凸狀物的與圓屋頂或小山相似Word: Diverge分散Word ID: 700007Strand: 2Topic: [Light Behavior][光學]Used: [SG2][SH2]

Box 1:DivergeLight passing through a certain shape of glass can be made to diverge.

光穿越了某種特定形狀的玻璃後可以讓光分散。What does it mean to diverge?分散的意思是什麼？Spread apart散開Come together聚集在一起Go faster行動快速Box 3:Diverge means to move in different directions from a starting point. For example, if Ginger and her brother leave their house and walk along different paths that go in opposite directions, we would say their paths diverge. The spokes of a bicycle wheel diverge from the middle of the wheel outward to the rim of the wheel.分散意思是從一個起始點移動到不同方向的地方。舉例來說，假如 Ginger和她的哥哥離開房子並走在兩個相反的路徑上時，我們可以說他們的路徑分散了。腳踏車輪的輪輻從車輪中間向車輪外邊緣散開。Here is a photo of a highway that has been built. Notice how the different roads are going in different directions. These roads diverge off into the distance.這裡有一張已經建造好的高速公路。注意到不同的路是怎樣到分成不同的分向。這些路就是分流成不同的方向。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons/Donald Bain

Box 5:Which of the following is the best example of two things that are diverging?下列哪一個是兩樣東西分散的好例子？A Two people walking in opposite directions兩個人朝相反的地方走去B Two birds flying side by side

兩隻鳥並肩一起飛翔C Two pieces of paper being glued together兩張紙被黏在一起D Two tops spinning in circles兩個陀螺旋轉在圈圈中Box 8:Awesome! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is A: Two people walking in opposite directions正確答案是 A: 兩個人朝相反的地方走去Box 12:When two things diverge, they move away from each other.當兩樣東西分散時，他們互相遠離對方Word: Stable堅固的Word ID: 700008Strand: 2Topic: [Structure of Matter][Landforms][物體狀態][地形]Used: [SG2][SH2][SG4][SH4]

Box 1:StableMarcus checked to see if the ladder was stable before climbing up it.Marcus在他爬上梯子前檢查看這個梯子是否堅固What does stable mean?堅固的意思是？Very tall非常高Firm and steady堅硬且穩固Perfectly straight非常直Box 3:Stable means firmly placed and not easily changed. It is important to make sure that a ladder is stable before you climb up it, otherwise it may tip over.堅固的意思是放得很穩固且不容易改變。更重要的是在你要爬上梯子前要確保梯子是穩固的，否則可能會翻倒。Things in nature can also be stable or unstable. After a long winter with snow and rain, rocks and dirt on a hillside or mountain can become unstable and can break loose. Trees growing on hillsides and mountains help to make the rocks and dirt more stable.自然界的東西也有堅固或不堅固。在一個雪雨加交的漫長冬天過後，山坡和山上的石頭和

土會變得很不堅固並可能崩落。長在在山坡或山上的樹會幫忙石頭和土是較堅固的。The word stable is also often used to describe the populations of plant and animal species. A population that is stable does not change much over time.堅固這個字也可能用在敘述動植物類的數量。數量是堅固的意思是不會隨著時間改變數量。Box 5:Which of the following would be the most stable?下列哪個可能是最堅固的？A A stack of 5 shoe boxes五個鞋盒一推B A stack of 10 paper plates十個紙板一疊C A stack of 5 soda pop cans五個蘇打易拉罐一疊D A stack of 10 checkers十顆西洋棋一疊Box 8:Good work! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is B: A stack of 10 paper plates正確答案是 B: 十個紙板一疊Box 12:If something is stable it is not likely to give way or fall apart.假如物體是穩固的，就不可能崩塌或瓦解Word: Structure構造Word ID: 700009Strand: 2Topic: [Structure of Matter][Structure of Life][Landforms][SH5-Models & Design][物體構造][生命構造][地形] [模型＆設計]Used: [SG2][SG3][SG4][SG5][SH2][SH3][SH4][SH5]

Box 1:StructureJoseph has been studying the structure of plants in science class.Joseph已經在科學刻上學到了植物構造What about plants is Joseph learning?Joseph學到植物的什麼？The names of different plants不同植物的名字How plants make their own food

植物如何靠它們自己製造食物The parts of a plant and how they are arranged有關植物的每部分及它們怎麼安排的Box 3:The structure of something refers to its parts and how they are arranged or organized. All the things you see around you have some kind of structure—they are made of parts that are put together or arranged in certain ways. Even your body has a structure. It is made of many different parts put together to make the human body work.物質的構造被是它的部分，且它們是怎樣被安排或是組織。你看到你周遭的所有東西都是一種結構，它們由部分放在一起後組合成或安排在特定的方式。甚至你的身體也有構造。它是由許多不同的部分放在一起後，讓人體可以工作。Here is a photo of a high-rise building under construction. You can see its structure from the way it is put together.這張圖片正在建築中的高樓大廈。你可以看到這些結構被放在一起。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Box 5:Which of the following describes the basic structure of a plant?下列哪些是敘述植物基本的構造？A A plant needs sunlight and water.植物需要陽光和水B A plant has roots, a stem, and leaves.植物有根、莖和葉C A plant is usually green.植物通常是綠色的D A plant is a living organism.

植物是活的有機體Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is B: A plant has roots, a stem, and leaves.正確答案是 B: 植物有根、莖和葉Box 12:When you think of the word structure, think of how something is put together.當你想到結構這個字時，想一想物體是怎麼組合在一起的Word: Membrane膜Word ID: 700010Strand: 3Topic: [Structure of Life][生命結構]Used: [SG3][SH3]

Box 1:MembraneThe skin that covers your body acts like a membrane protecting everything inside.包覆在你身體的皮膚就像是一層膜保護裡面的任何東西What is a membrane?什麼是膜？A thin layer of material物質的很薄的一層A thick and hairy surface很厚很多毛的表面A layer with tiny holes in it有很多小洞在裡面的一層Box 3:A membrane is a soft, thin layer of animal or plant material. A membrane surrounds and protects something. A membrane may allow materials to pass in or out, or not let material in at all. Membranes act as a wall between two places or things.膜是一種在動植物中軟又薄的一層。膜圍繞且保護著某些東西。膜可以讓物質進或出，或者不讓物質進入。膜就像是一座在兩個地方或物體之間的牆。The tympanic membrane, shown below, is in the ear. Sound waves make the tympanic membrane vibrate. This makes it possible for you to hear sounds. The tympanic membrane also helps protect your inner ear from infection.以下顯示的是耳朵的鼓膜。聲波會讓鼓膜震動。這樣能讓你聽到聲音。鼓膜也幫助保護你的內耳防止被感染。

Image provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Box 5:Which of the following is an example of a membrane?下列哪個例子是膜？A The lining of your stomach胃中的內層B The hair on your head頭上的頭髮C The shell on a turtle海龜上的殼D The small bones in the ear耳朵的小骨頭Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is A: The lining of your stomach正確答案是 A: 胃中的內層Box 12:There are many different membranes inside and outside of living things. It is usually very easy to see through these different membranes.有許多不同的膜在生物體中裡面和外面。他通常非常容易看到這些不同的膜。Word: Nucleus細胞核Word ID: 700011Strand: 2Topic: [Structure of Matter][Structure of Life][物質結構][生命結構]

Used: [SG2][SG3][SH2][SH3]

Box 1:NucleusIn science class, Imara learned that there are both living and non-living things that have a nucleus.科學課上，Imara學了有關生物與非生物都是有細胞核的What is a nucleus?細胞核是什麼東西？An important center of activity活動的重要中間部分The outer layer of living and non-living things生物和非生物的外層A material that makes up all things由所有東西組合而成的物質Box 3:The nucleus is the center of activity of the cells and atoms that make up all living and non-living things. The nucleus of living cells controls the life of the cell. The nucleus of an atom gives the material certain characteristics.細胞核是位在細胞活動的中間而原子是組成所有生物及非生物的東西。生物細胞核控制了細胞的的生命。原子的細胞核給了這些物質特定的特色。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Box 5:If you were looking for the nucleus of a plant cell, where would you look?假如你尋找植物細胞的細胞核，你可以從哪裡找起？A Near the middle of the cell靠近細胞的中間B At the edge of the cell在細胞的邊緣C Just outside the cell

在細胞的外面D None of the above以上都不對Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is A: Near the middle of the cell正確答案是 A: 靠近細胞的中間Box 12:The nucleus in a living organism is the center of growth and development. In non-living things, the nucleus is the part of an atom that gives each element its characteristics.生物體的細胞核在生長和發展的中心。非生物體的細胞核是一部分的原子，它會讓每個元素有自己的特色。Word: Advantages優勢Word ID: 700012Strand: 3Topic: [Habitats][Ecosystems][棲息地][生態系統]Used: [SG3][SH3]

Box 1:AdvantagesIn history class, students learned that there are many advantages to living in the United States of America.在歷史課上，學生學到住在美國有很多的優勢。What are advantages?什麼是優勢？Positive things that are helpful and supportive有幫助及支持的正向事件Negative things that can lead to failure導致錯誤的負向事件Both positive and negative things that happen好事或壞事都發生Box 3:Advantages are things that are helpful or useful in certain situations. Plants and animals take advantage of the food and shelter in their surroundings, as well as the weather and climate. For example, many people live near oceans to take advantage of the pleasant climate and abundant sources of food near the ocean. Many plants grow best where they can take advantage of sunshine and water. That is why there are many plants in tropical areas where it is warm and it rains a lot.People often consider advantages and disadvantages when they decide where to live. This

population map of Massachusetts from the year 2000 shows that most people have chosen to live where they have access to the major water ports and distribution hubs on the east coast of that state. Water ports are important for transportation of goods and services both in and out of the state. That means jobs for many people.優勢是在某些特別的情況下有幫助或有用的事。動植物利用周圍環境和天氣及氣候覓食或居住。舉例來說，許多人住在海洋附近，就會利用好的天氣及有豐富的食物資源。許多植物生長都是利用陽光和水。熱帶地區是溫暖又多雨，這就是為什麼許多熱帶地區有許多的植物。人們通常考慮優勢和劣勢當他們要決定住在哪裡時。這是麻州的人口地圖，展示了從2000年開始，人們大部分選擇住在他們可以接近主要的港口和許多分布的東岸州。港口是對於產品和服務輸出或輸入很重要的傳輸中心。也代表有很多工作提供給許多人。

Image provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Box 5:Sun Ye is trying to decide if she will play basketball this year in school. She considers the advantages of joining the basketball team.Sun Ye正試著看看今年她可不可在學校哪籃球。她考慮到參加籃球隊的優勢。Which of these is an advantage to joining the basketball team?下列哪些是參加籃球隊的優勢？

A She will be busy three nights a week with practice.她將會有三天晚上忙著練習B She will not have as much time to spend with her friends.她將不會有很多時間跟朋友在一起C She will get a lot of exercise, which is good for her body.她將得到很多運動機會，這對她的身體很好D Her parents will have to drive her to all of her games and practices.她的父母必須載她去所有的比賽場合和練習場合Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is C: She will get a lot of exercise, which is good for her body.正確答案是 C: 她將得到很多運動機會，這對她的身體很好Box 12:The word advantages means about the same as benefits. One advantage of eating healthy food is that it gives your body energy.優勢這個字意思是與有益的意思一樣。吃健康食物的其中一個優點是讓你的身體得到精力。Word: Air Resistance空氣阻力Word ID: 700013Strand: 2Topic: [Force & Motion][力＆運動]Used: [SG2][SH2]

Box 1:Air ResistanceWhen Abdulla threw his paper airplane across the room, he was surprised that it slowed down so quickly. His friend Todd told him the paper airplane slowed down because of air resistance.當 Abdulla丟他的紙飛機穿越房間時，他很驚訝它很快的停下來。它的朋友 Todd告訴他這紙飛機慢下來是因為空氣阻力。What is air resistance?什麼是空氣阻力？The force of gravity pulling down on an object重力把物體拉下來The wind blowing on an object that floats in the air風把物體吹向空中漂浮The force of air pushing against an object moving through the air空氣的力量推體在空氣中移動的物體Box 3:

Air resistance is the force of air pushing against an object as it moves through the air. The air does not have to be blowing to produce air resistance.空氣阻力是一種空氣能推開東西的力量，當物體透過空氣移動。這空氣不需要吹風就能產生空氣阻力。Air resistance is very important in some sports. Athletes may decide what to wear based on air resistance. In sports where speed is important, athletes wear clothes that produce very little air resistance. Runners and bikers sometimes even shave their legs and heads so that their hair will not slow them down. With less hair on their body, there is less air resistance.空氣阻力在一些運動上是非常重要的。運動員可能因為空氣阻力而決定自己的穿著。在某些運動上，速度是重要的，運動員穿的衣服必須產生非常少的空氣阻力。跑者和自行車運動員有時甚至刮腿毛和頭以致於它們毛髮不會讓它們變慢。身體上有較少的頭髮後，就有較少的空氣阻力。For some activities, people need to find ways to increase air resistance. People who sky dive or hang glide use large pieces of material to create greater air resistance so that they can float to the ground safely.對一些運動而言，人們需要找到方法去增加空氣阻力。跳傘或滑翔翼使用大塊的物質去製造更大的空氣阻力以至於他們可以安全的漂落在地上。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Box 5:Skydivers wear parachutes when they jump from airplanes. When a parachute opens up, it slows down how fast a skydiver falls through the air.跳傘員穿著降落傘當他們從飛機上跳出時。當降落傘打開時，它們讓跳傘員在空中快速落下的速度慢下來What causes a skydiver to slow down?什麼引起跳傘員慢下來？A Gravity重力B Motion

運動C Air resistance空氣阻力D Suspension懸浮Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is C: Air resistance正確答案是 C: 空氣阻力Box 12:Air resistance is also sometimes called drag. People who race cars sometimes drive behind another car to reduce air resistance, or drag, on their own car.空氣阻力有時也稱作拖曳力。賽車選手有時候開在另一台車後面是為了減少他們自己車的空氣阻力或拖曳力。Word: Interpretation翻譯Word ID: 700017Strand: 1Topic: [Communicating][溝通]Used: [SG1][SH1]

Box 1:InterpretationJosh's interpretation of what I said was completely different from what I meant.Josh翻譯我說的話是完全與我的意思不同What is an interpretation?翻譯是什麼A prediction or guess about what is going to happen一個預估或猜測將會發生的事An understanding or explanation of what something means了解或說明事物的意義A detailed report about a topic主題相關的細節報告Box 3:An interpretation is an understanding or explanation of what something means. When you read information or someone tells you something, you must interpret what was meant. This means you must form your own understanding. Sometimes, however, you may not interpret something correctly. You may get the wrong idea or an incorrect understanding of what was actually meant.翻譯是一個對事物意義的理解與說明。當你閱讀資訊或有人告訴你某些事時，你必須翻

譯那是什麼意思。這意思是你必須形成你自己的理解。然而，有時候你可能無法翻譯事物很正確。你可能得到錯誤的訊息或對事情真正的意思有不正確的理解。Another type of interpretation, is when someone else explains to you what something means. Some people need an interpreter to tell them what something written or spoken in another language means. Interpreters can tell a person what something written or spoken in one language means in another language.另外一種翻釋是當其他人對你解釋事物的意思時。某些人需要翻譯者去告訴他們當這些事物以不同語言寫下或說的其他意義。翻譯者可以告訴其他人這些以不同語言寫下或說的意思是什麼Here is a woman interpreting for three men who do not understand English.

這張照片的女士正在為這三位不懂英文的人翻譯

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Box 5:Mandy's art teacher said that the meaning of the painting was open to interpretation.Mandy的美術老師說圖畫的意義就是能開放的翻譯What did she mean?她的意思是什麼？A The painting was going to be sold at an auction and anyone could buy it.圖畫將在拍賣會被賣且每個人都能買它B The painting was going to be put out where anyone could also paint on it.圖畫將被出版在任何人都可以畫它的地方C Each person looking at the painting could copy the design in their own work.每個人觀察這些畫是然後在他們的工作上模仿他們的設計D Each person looking at the painting could decide what it means or shows.每個人觀察這些畫然後決定這些畫要代表的意義Box 8:Terrific! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is D: Each person looking at the painting could decide what it means or

shows.正確答案是 D: 每個人觀察這些畫然後決定這些畫要代表的意義Box 12:The word interpreter comes from interpretation. If someone speaks to you in a language that you do not know, you would probably want to have an interpreter with you.口譯者這個字來自於翻譯者。假如有人對你說你不懂的語言時，你可能會想要一個口譯者在身邊。Word: Large Intestine大腸Word ID: 700018Strand: 3Topic: [Human Body][Digestive System][人體][腸系統]Used: [SG3][SH3]

Box 1:Large IntestineIf it was not for your large intestine, your body would be full of waste.要不是你的大腸，你的身體會充滿廢物。What is the large intestine?什麼是大腸？The muscles in your arms that help you carry things你手臂上的肌肉可以幫忙你拿東西The part of your circulatory system that removes waste from the blood循環系統中的一部分可以幫你從血液移除廢物The part of your digestive system that removes food you can't digest腸系統的中可以幫你清除無法消化的食物Box 3:The large intestine is the part of your body that absorbs (takes in) water from the foods that you eat and helps your body get rid of the parts of the food that it cannot use.大腸是身體中能從你所吃下的食物中吸收水份的系統，並幫助你的身體排出身體用不到的食物部分。The large intestine is part of the digestive system. The large intestine is about five feet long when stretched out. It usually takes about 32 hours for the large intestine to do its job and finish up the digestive process in your body.大腸是其中消化系統的部分。當把大腸延伸時，大腸有五尺長。大腸通常需要花上 32小時去工作和完成身體的消化過程。

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Box 5:Before the large intestine removes unused parts of food from the body, what else does it do?在大腸從身體排出無用的食物部分後，它還會做什麼？A Further breaks down the food進一步分解食物B Absorbs the water from the food從食物吸收水份C Moves the food to the stomach讓食物進到胃中D Moves the food to the small intestine讓食物進到小腸Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is B: Absorbs the water from the food正確答案是 B: 從食物吸收水份Box 12:The large intestine is the garbage can of your body. It helps collect waste and remove it from your body.大腸是你身體的垃圾桶。它幫忙收集廢物並從身體移出。Word: Small Intestine小腸Word ID: 700019Strand: 3

Topic: [Human Body][Digestive System][人體][消化系統]Used: [SG3][SH3]

Box 1:Small IntestineFranco was amazed in science class when he learned that his small intestine could be stretched out to be taller than he was.Franco在科學課很驚訝於當他學到小腸拉長時，是比他實際身高要高What is the small intestine?什麼是小腸？The part of your body that breaks down the foods you eat身體中能分解你所吃下的食物The bones that make up your fingers and toes組成你手指與腳趾的骨頭部分All the small blood vessels that connect in your body連結在你身體所有小血管的部份Box 3:The small intestine is the part of your body near your stomach that breaks down the food you eat into smaller parts. Special liquids in your small intestine called enzymes and acids break down the food you eat into smaller particles so that your body can absorb (take in) the nutrients it needs. The small intestine is where most of the nutrients from the food that you eat are absorbed into your body.小腸是身體中靠近胃的一部分，把你所吃的食物分解成小部分。在你的小腸中有特別的液體稱作酶和酸可以把你吃下的食物分解成小部分以至於你的身體可以吸收所需的營養。小腸吸收和帶給身體你吃下所有食物中的營養。The small intestine is actually about four or five times longer than the large intestine. But it is called the small intestine because it is shaped like a tube that has a smaller width than the large intestine.小腸實際上是比大腸長四五倍。但他叫小腸，是因為他的形狀像是一根管子，它比大腸在寬一點。

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Box 5:What function is performed by the small intestine?小腸的功能是什麼？A It uses enzymes and acids to break down food, and absorbs nutrients into your body.它使用酶和酸去分解食物和吸收營養到身體B It is the part of the digestive system where waste is removed from your body.它是一部分的消化系統，是專門從你身體排出廢物的地方C It produces red and white blood cells from nutrients that are in the food that you eat.它從你吃的食物的營養中產生紅血球和白血球，D It separates solid food from liquids, and it uses nutrients from food to create enzymes.它把硬體食物從液體中分開，並使用食物中的營養創造酶。Box 8:Terrific! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is A: It uses enzymes and acids to break down food, and absorbs nutrients into your body.正確答案是 A: 它使用酶和酸去分解食物和吸收營養到身體Box 12:The small intestine acts as the manager of your digestive system. It makes sure that nutrients are removed from the things that you eat and drink, and that these nutrients go to the right places in your body.小腸就像是消化系統的管理者。它會從你吃的和你喝的吸收營養，然後這些營養會到你身體中需要營養的位置。Word: Kilowatt Hour

千瓦Word ID: 700020Strand: 2Topic: [Work][Electricity][工作][電力]Used: [SG2][SH2]

Box 1:Kilowatt HourKareem's mother was reading the electric bill to figure out how many kilowatt hours their family used last month.Kareem的媽媽正在看電費帳單去理解她們家上個月用的電費What is a kilowatt hour?什麼是度？A unit that measures time in periods of one thousand hours單位衡量時間在一段時間的一千小時A unit that measures the amount of energy used in one hour單位衡量一小時中所使用所有能量A unit that states how much money was spent in one thousand hours單位衡量敘述在一千小時中所花的錢Box 3:A watt is a unit of electrical energy. A kilowatt is equal to 1,000 watts. Since energy is the ability to do work, a kilowatt hour is a measure of the amount work that is done in one hour.瓦特是電能量的單位。一千瓦相當於 1000瓦特。因為能量是可以工作的能，一千瓦小時就是衡量一小時中所工作的總量。Utility companies sell electricity by kilowatt hours. An average household uses between 800 and 900 kilowatt hours of electricity per month. The abbreviation for kilowatt hours is kWh.Here is a photo of an electric meter used to measure kilowatt hours.

公共設施公司賣電以千瓦計算。平均一家每個月會使用 800和 900

千瓦小時，千瓦時的縮寫是 KWH。

Photo provided courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Box 5:The number of kilowatt hours your family uses is affected by all of the following except家庭使用的千瓦度數是不會被以下所影響的？A the number of hours your lights are on.燈開的時間B how long your television is turned on.電視打開的時間C how long you blow dry your hair.吹乾頭髮的時間D the number of books and DVDs you own.你擁有書和 dvd的數量Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is D: the number of books and DVDs you own.正確答案是 D: 你擁有書和 dvd的數量Box 12:The amount of electricity a light bulb uses is measured in watts. A 100-watt light bulb turned on for ten hours will use one kilowatt hour of electricity.一顆燈泡使用的電能總和是以瓦特來計算。一百瓦特的燈泡打開 10小時將會使用到一千瓦的電力Word: Light Year光年Word ID: 700021Strand: 1Topic: [Measuring][Universe][衡量][宇宙]Used: [SG1][SG4][SH1][SH4]

Box 1:Light YearLatisha's father told her that the nearest star is more than four light years away.Latisha父母告訴她最近的星星是多過於四光年遠What is a light year?什麼是光年？The distance that light travels in one year光一年中移動的距離The number of lights you turn on in one year你一年中開燈的總數The number of years a light will shine for一盞燈在一年中亮的次數Box 3:A light year is the distance that light travels in one year. A light year is equal to about 5,880,000,000,000 miles. Light years do not measure time; they measure the great distances in space.光年是光在一年中移動的距離。光年是相等於 5,880,000,000,000英哩。光年不是衡量時間，他們衡量太空中的大距離。Aside from our sun, the next closest star is named Alpha Centauri. It is 4.3 light years away. That means if we had a space ship that could travel close to the speed of light, it would take more than 4.3 years to get to Alpha Centauri.除了我們的太陽，最近的行星是人馬座。它有 4.3光年遠。意即假如我有太空船，速度並要接近光速，然後他將會花上多於 4.3年才能到達人馬座。Box 5:Which of the following would you most likely use light years to measure?下列哪個最有可能使用光年衡量A The number of years it takes to get to the moon到月球花的時間B The number of years it takes to get to the sun到太陽花的時間C The distance from Los Angeles to New York從洛杉磯到紐約的距離D The distance from Earth to the nearest star從地球到最近的星星的距離Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is D: The distance from Earth to the nearest star正確答案是 D: 從地球到最近的星星的距離Box 12:The light from our sun takes about eight minutes to reach Earth. That means that our sun is only about 0.000015 light years away!

我們的太陽光花八分鐘就能抵達地球。意思是我們的太陽只有約 0.000015光年遠。Word: Aqualung水肺Word ID: 700026Strand: 5Topic: [Tools & Devices][工具＆設備]Used: [SG5][SH5]

Box 1:AqualungNicole needed to use an aqualung to explore near a tropical island.Nicole需要使用水肺去探索附近的熱帶島嶼What is an aqualung?什麼是水肺？A piece of equipment that allows someone to breathe in high altitudes可以讓某人在高緯度下呼吸的裝備A piece of equipment that allows someone to breathe in hot temperatures可以讓人在很高的溫度下呼吸的裝備A piece of equipment that allows someone to breathe underwater可以讓人在水底下呼吸的裝備Box 3:An aqualung is a special piece of equipment that allows someone to stay underwater for extended periods of time by providing a supply of air to breathe. It has an oxygen tank and a breathing mask.Most people usually refer to an aqualung as scuba gear. Scuba is an acronym for Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus. The first aqualung was developed in 1943. Most of the time, special training is required to learn how to use scuba gear and an aqualung.水肺是一種特殊的裝備，能讓某人在水底下長時間提供氧氣呼吸。有氧氣筒和呼吸面罩。大部分的人通常把水被當做一個水中呼吸器。水中呼吸器是一種以下的字母縮寫而來自我、容納、水下、呼吸、裝備。第一個水肺是在 1943產生的。大部分的時間，有特別的訓練是要求學習如何使用水中呼吸器汗水肺。

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Box 5:Where might someone need to use an aqualung?在哪裡的人可能需要使用水肺？A In a river河B In a lake湖C In an ocean海D All of the above以上皆是Box 8:Well done! Your answer is correct.太棒了！你答對了The correct answer is D: All of the above正確答案是 D: 以上皆是Box 12:Most people refer to the aqualung as scuba gear. Scuba divers use aqualungs.

大部分的人用水肺當做水中呼吸器。帶著水中呼吸器的潛水員使用水肺。