WLAN Mạng cục bộ

MU N (HOC LUN VN ) TT NGHIP

B GIO DC V O TOTRNG I HC NHA TRANGKHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN

BO CO THC TP CHUYN NGNHXY DNG H THNG MNG CHO DOANH NGHIP VA V NHSinh vin thc hin: Bi Vn Ca

Lp: 53CNTTMSSV: 53130137Ni thc tp: Viettel StoreNgi hng dn: ThS. L Hong ThanhNm hc: 2014-2015B GIO DC V O TO

TRNG I HC NHA TRANGKHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN

BO CO THC TP CHUYN NGNHXY DNG H THNG MNG CHO DOANH NGHIP VA V NHSinh vin thc hin: Bi Vn CaLp: 53CNTT

MSSV: 53130137Ni thc tp: Viettel Store

Ngi hng dn: ThS. L Hong ThanhNm hc: 2014-2015

Li ni u

C th ni, ngy nay trong khoa hc my tnh khng lnh vc no c th quan trng hn lnh vc ni mng. Mng my tnh l hai hay nhiu my tnh c kt ni vi nhau theo mt cch no sao cho chng c th trao i thng tin qua li vi nhau, dng chung hoc chia s d liu thng qua vic in n hay sao chp qua USB, cng.

V vy, h tng mng my tnh l phn khng th thiu trong cc t chc hay cc cng ty. Trong iu kin kinh t hin nay, hu ht a s cc t chc hay cng ty c phm vi s dng b gii hn bi din tch v mt bng u trin khai xy dng mng LAN phc v cho vic qun l d liu ni b c quan mnh c thun li, m bo tnh an ton d liu cng nh tnh bo mt d liu. Mt khc mng LAN cn gip cc nhn vin trong t chc hay cng ty truy nhp d liu mt cch thun tin vi tc cao. Mt im thun li na l mng LAN cn gip cho ngi qun tr mng phn quyn s dng ti nguyn cho tng i tng l ngi dng mt cch r rng v thun tin, gip cho nhng ngi c trch nhim lnh o cng ty d dng qun l nhn vin v iu hnh cng ty.Em xin chn thnh cm n Gio vin hng dn Thc s L Hong Thanh gip em hon thnh bi bo co.

MC LC

3Li ni u

5CHNG 1. GII THIU V CNG TY THC TP

51.1 Gii thiu v cng ty

52.2 Ni dung thc tp tham gia

6CHNG 2. C S L THUYT

62.1 Ti sao phi ni mng

62.2 M hnh mng VLAN

62.2.1 Khi nim v VLAN

72.3 Giao thc TCP/IP

72.3.1 Khi nim

82.4 Dch v Active Directory

82.4.1 Gii thiu Active Directory

92.4.2 Domain Controller

92.4.3 Chc nng ca Active Directory

102.5 Dch v DHCP

102.5.1 Gii thiu

102.5.2 Hot ng ca giao thc DHCP

12CHNG 3. NI DUNG V KT QU THC TP

123.1 Trin khai m hnh mng trn Cisco Packet Tracer

123.1.1 Gii thiu

133.1.2 Cu hnh

173.2 Trin khai m hnh trn my o VMware Workstation

173.2.1 Xy dng h thng mng Domain Network

283.2.2 Domain User v Group User

42CHNG 4: KT LUN

43TI LIU THAM KHO

DANH MC CC HNH

13Hnh 3.1 M hnh mng m phng trn Cisco Packet Tracer

17Hnh 3.2 Danh sch cc VLAN sau khi cu hnh trn Switch

18Hnh 3.3 My Client t nhn IP t DHCP server

19Hnh 3.4 Nng my Server ln DC bc 1







22Hnh 3.11 Gia nhp my Client vo Domain bc 1




24Hnh 3.16 Cu hnh DHCP trn my Server bc 1

253.17 Cu hnh DHCP trn my Server bc 2






29Hnh 3.23 To OU thuctap bc 1

30Hnh 3.24 To OU thuctap bc 2

31Hnh 3.25 To User trong OU thc tp bc 1



32Hnh 3.28 To Group

33Hnh 3.29 Kt qu ca bc to

33Hnh 3.30 Add User vo Group

34Hnh 3.31 Phn quyn qun tr bc 1



36Hnh 3.34 To Home Directory cho User bc 1




38Hnh 3.38 Kt qu bc to Home Directory

39Hnh 3.39 Phn quyn qun l File bc 1

40Hnh 3.40 Kt qu my Client

40Hnh 3.41 To lut ngn chn ng dng bc 1





CHNG 1: CC CU HNH ROUTER C BN1.1 Cc ch cu hnh ca Router

Router> Ch User.

Router# Ch Privileged (cng c gi l ch

EXEC)

Router(config)# Ch Global Configuration

Router(config-if)# Ch Interface Configuration

Router(config-subif)# Ch Subinterface Configuration

Router(config-line)# Ch cu hnh Line.

Router(config-router)# Ch Router Configuration1.2 Ch Global ConfigurationRouter> Gii hn cc cu lnh m ngi dng c th thc thi c. i vi ch cu hnh ny ngi dng ch c kh nng hin th cc thng s cu hnh trn router. Khng th cu hnh thay i cc thng s cu hnh v hot ng ca router.Router# configure terminal > Chuyn ngi dng vo ch Global Configuration. Vi ch ny bn s c th bt u cu hnh nhng thay i cho router.

1.3 Cu hnh cc tham s c bn cho router

1.3.1 Cu hnh Router Name

Cu lnh ny thc thi c trn c cc thit b router v switch ca cisco.

Router(config)# hostname Cisco Cu hnh tn cho router mun chn.

1.3.2 Cu hnh Passwords

Router(config)# enable passwork cisco: Cu hnh enable password

Router(config)# enable secret class: Cu hnh password m ha ca ch enable.

Router(config)# line console: Vo ch line console.

Router(config-line)# password console: Cu hnh password cho line console

Router(config-line)# login: Cho php kim tra password khi login vo router bng port console.

Router(config)# line vty 0 4: Vo ch line vty cho php telnetRouter(config-line)# password telnet: Cu hnh password cho php telnet

Router(config-line)# login: Cho php kim tra password khi ngi dng telnet vo router

Router(config)# line aux 0: Vo ch line auxiliaryRouter(config-line)# password backdoor : Cu hnh password cho line auxRouter(config-line)# login: Cho php router kim tra password khi ngi dng login vo router thng qua port AUX.

1.3.3 M ha PasswordsRouter(config)# service passwordencryption: Khi cu lnh c thc thi trn router hoc switch th tt c cc loi password trn router hoc switch s c m ha. (Tr enable secret password).

Router(config)# enable password cisco: Cu hnh enable password l ciscoRouter(config)# no service passwordencryption: Tt tnh nng m ha password trn router hoc switch.

1.3.4 Cu hnh cho cc cng/interface

Router(config)# interface s0/0/0: Chuyn vochcuhnhca Interface S0/0/0.Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0: Gn mt a ch ip v subnet mask cho interface Serial ny.

Router(config-if)# clock rate 56000: Cu hnh gi tr Clock rate cho Interface (Ch cu hnh cu lnh ny Khi interface l DCE).Router(config-if)# no shutdown: Bt Interface.

Tng t i vi cng fathethernet:

Router(config)# interface Fastethernet 0/0

Router(config-if)# description Accounting LAN

Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0Router(config-if)# no shutdownCHNG 2: NH TUYN

2.1 C bn v nh tuyn

nh tuyn (Routing) l 1 qu trnh m Router thc thi v s dng chuyn mt gi tin(Packet) t mt a ch ngun (soucre) n mt a ch ch (destination) trong mng.Trong qu trnh ny Router phi da vo nhng thng tin inh tuyn a ra nhng quyt nh nhm chuyn gi tin n nhng a ch ch nh trc.C hai loi nh tuyn c bn l nh tuyn tnh (Static Route) v nh tuyn ng (DynamicRoute).

2.2 nh tuyn tnh (Static Route)

Lgiao thc nh tuyn m ngi qun tr phi cu hnh ng i cho router n bit ng i n mt mng khc.+ Khng c kh nng t ng cp nht ng i.

+ Phi cu hnh th cng khi mng c s thay i.

+ S dng t bandwidth hn nh tuyn ng.

+ Khng tiu tn ti nguyn tnh ton v phn tch gi tin nh tuyn.

V d: Ta c m hnh mng:

u tin, chng ta phi cu hnh t a ch IP cho cc cng ca router, cng nh IP v Default-gateway cho cc PC. Default-gateway hiu n gin l IP ca cng ca router gn nht m PC kt ni trc tip n. Khi , router tr thnh trm trung chuyn mi d liu t PC ra mng bn ngoi v ngc li.

Mc nh, R1 bit ng i n 2 mng kt ni trc tip vi n l:

192.168.1.0/24

192.168.12.0/24

=> Vy ta phi ch ng cho n n mng 192.168.2.0/24, bng cu lnh:

R1(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.2

(ni vi R1, mun gi gi tin n mng 192.168.2.0, phi gi n cng ca router tip theo, m cng c IP l 192.168.12.2)

Tng t R2 bit ng i n 2 mng kt ni trc tip vi n l:

192.168.2.0/24

192.168.12.0/24

=> Vy ta phi ch ng cho n n mng 192.168.1.0/24, bng cu lnh:

R2(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.1

(ni vi R2, mun gi gi tin n mng 192.168.1.0, phi gi n cng ca router tip theo, m cng c IP l 192.168.12.1)

Sau khi thc hin nh tuyn tnh nh trn, R1 v R2 u bit ng i n cc mng:

192.168.1.0/24

192.168.2.0/24

192.168.12.0/24

Cu hnh nh tuyn tnh:Cu lnh ip route c cu trc tng qut nh sau:

Router(config)# ip route {ip-address} {subnet-mask} {ip next-hop | exit interface}

Trong :

+ ip next-hop : a ch IP ca cng ca Router tip theo m ta mun ch ng

+ exit interface (cn gi l outbound interface): cng ca chnh router m ta mun d liu i ra khi router qua n.

Nh vy, t PC0 ta c th ping qua PC1

2.3 nh tuyn ng

nh tuyn ng (Dynamic Route) y l mt dng nh tuyn m khi c cu hnh dng ny, Router s s dng nhng giao thc nh tuyn nh RIP(Routing Information Protocol), OSPF(Open Shortest Path Frist), IGRP(Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) thc thi vic nh tuyn mt cch t ng (Automatically) m bn khng phi cu hnh trc tip bng tay.2.3.1 Giao thc nh tuyn RIP (Routing Infomation Protocol)RIP l mt giao thc nh tuyn trong c s dng bn trong h thng t tr. y l mt giao thc rt n gin da trn nh tuyn vect khong cch, s dng gii thut Bellman-Ford tnh ton bng nh tuyn.Mt vi c im ca RIP:- RIP l mt giao thc distance vector in hnh. Mi router s gi ton b bng nh tuyn ca n cho router lng ging theo nh k 30s/ln. Thng tin ny li tip tc c lng ging lan truyn tip cho cc lng ging khc v c th lan truyn ra mi router trn ton mng. Kiu trao i thng tin nh th cn c gi l lan truyn theo tin n. ( y, ta c th hiu router lng ging l router kt ni trc tip vi router ang xt).- Metric trong RIP c tnh theo hop count s node lp 3 (router) phi i qua trn ng i n ch. Vi RIP, gi tr metric ti a l 15, gi tr metric = 16 c gi l infinity metric (metric v hn), c ngha l mt mng ch c php cch ngun tin 15 router l ti a, nu n cch ngun tin t 16 router tr ln, n khng th nhn c ngun tin ny v c ngun tin xem l khng th i n c.- RIP chy trn nn UDP port 520.- RIPv2 l mt giao thc classless cn RIPv1 li l mt giao thc classful.- Cch hot ng ca RIP c th dn n loop nn mt s quy tc chng loop v mt s timer c a ra. Cc quy tc v cc timer ny c th lm gim tc hi t ca RIP.2.3.2 Giao thc nh tuyn OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)OSPF l mt giao thc nh tuyn theo trng thi ng lin kt c trin khai da trn cc chun m. OSPF c m t trong nhiu chun ca IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). Chun m y c ngha l OSPF hon ton m vi cng cng, khng c tnh c quyn.Nu so snh vi RIP th OSPF tt hn v kh nng m rng ca n. RIP ch gii hn trong 15 hop, hi t chm v i khi cn chn ng c tc chm v khi quyt nh chn ng n khng quan tm n cc yu quan trng khc nh bng thng chng hn. OSPF khc phc c cc nhc im ca RIP v n l mt giao thc nh tuyn mnh, c kh nng mi rng, ph hp vi cc h thng mng hin i. OSPF c th cu hnh n vng s dng cho cc mng nh.

Giao thc OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) thuc loi link-state routing protocol v c h tr bi nhiu nh sn xut. OSPF s dng thut ton SPF tnh ton ra ng i ngn nht cho mt route. Giao thc OSPF c th c s dng cho mng nh cng nh mt mng ln. Do cc router s dng giao thc OSPF s dng thut ton tnh metric cho cc route ri t xy dng nn hnh ca mng nn tn rt nhiu b nh cng nh hot ng ca CPU router. Nu nh mt mng qu ln th vic ny din ra rt lu v tn rt nhiu b nh. khc phc tnh trng trn, giao thc OSPF cho php chia mt mng ra thnh nhiu area khc nhau. Cc router trong cng mt area trao i thng tin vi nhau, khng trao i vi cc router khc vng. V vy, vic xy dng hnh ca router c gim i rt nhiu. Cc vng khc nhau mun lin kt c vi nhau phi ni vi area 0 (cn c gi l backbone) bng mt router bin.

Cc router chy giao thc OSPF gi lin lc vi nhau bng cch gi cc gi Hello cho nhau. Nu router vn cn nhn c cc gi Hello t mt router kt ni trc tip qua mt ng kt ni th n bit c rng ng kt ni v router u xa vn hot ng tt. Nu nh router khng nhn c gi hello trong mt khong thi gian nht nh, c gi l dead interval, th router bit rng router u xa b down v khi router s chy thut ton SPF tnh route mi. Mi router s dng giao thc OSPF c mt s ID nhn dng. Router s s dng a ch IP ca interface loopback cao nht (nu c nhiu loopback) lm ID. Nu khng c loopback no c cu hnh hnh th router s s dng IP cao nht ca cc interface vt l.

OSPF c mt s u im l : thi gian hi t nhanh, c h tr bi nhiu nh sn xut, h tr VLSM, c th s dng trn mt mng ln, c tnh n nh cao.

CHNG 3: MNG CC B O (VLAN)3.1 Gii thiu v VLANVLAN l cm t vit tt ca virtual local area network (hay virtual LAN) hay cn c gi l mng LAN o. VLAN l mt k thut cho php to lp cc mng LAN c lp mt cch logic trn cng mt kin trc h tng vt l. Vic to lp nhiu mng LAN o trong cng mt mng cc b (gia cc khoa trong mt trng hc, gia cc cc trong mt cng ty,..) gip gim thiu vng qung b (broadcast domain) cng nh to thun li cho vic qun l mt mng cc b rng ln. VLAN tng ng nh mng con (subnet)

3.2 Cu hnh VLAN

Cu hnh tnh (Static) Ngi qun tr mng cu hnh tng cng mt (port-by-port) Mi cng c ch nh mt VLAN c th. Ngi qun tr mng ng vai tr then cht trong vic nh x gia cc cng v VLANs.

VLANs tnh c gi l port-based hay port-centric VLANs. y l phng php ph bin nht gn cc cng vo cc VLANs. Khi mt thit b kt ni vo mng, n t ng cho rng n l thnh vin ca VLAN m cng n kt ni vo c ch nh. C mt VLAN mc nh/default VLAN, trn Cisco switches l VLAN 1.

Cu hnh ng (Dynamic)VLAN ng l nhm cc cng trn mt switch m chng c th xc nh mt cc t ng vic gn VLAN cho chng. Hu ht cc nh sn xut switch u s dng phn mm qun l thng minh.S vn hnh ca cc VLAN ng c da trn a ch vt l MAC, a ch lun l hay kiu giao thc ca gi tin.

Khi mt trm c ni kt ln u tin vo mt cng ca switch, switch tng ng s kim tra mc t cha a ch MAC trong c s d liu qun tr VLAN v t ng cu hnh cng ny vo VLAN tng ng. Li ch ln nht ca tip cn ny l t qun l nht vi vic ni dy khi mt ngi s dng c ni vo hoc di di v vic cnh bo c tp trung khi mt my tnh khng c nhn bit c a vo mng. Thng thng, cn nhiu s qun tr trc thit lp c s d liu bng phn mm qun tr VLAN v duy tr mt c s d liu chnh xc v tt c cc my tnh trn ton mng.

3.3 Phn loi VLAN3.3.1 End-to-End hay Campus-wide VLANsM hnh ny hin ti khng c khuyn ngh s dng bi Cisco v cc nh sn xut thit b khc, tr khi c mt s cn thit c th ca phng php ny.

VLANs da trn chc nng M hnh VLAN everywhere/ VLAN mi ni VLANs vi cng VLAN ID, v d: Accounting VLAN 10 c th xut hin bt k u trn mng.3.3.2 Geographic hay Local VLANsM hnh ny c khuyn ngh s dng.

VLANs da trn v tr vt l VLANs c dnh cho mi nhm switch thuc tng truy cp. Ngi s dng thuc Accounting kt ni ti layer 3 switch khc nhau nm trn cc VLAN khc nhau (vd: VLAN 10 v VLAN 30)3.4 Cu hnh VLAN trn thit b Cisco (VLAN tnh)3.4.1 To VLAN

Phi tun theo cc hng dn sau khi cu hnh VLANs trn cc Cisco 29xx switches: S lng VLANs ti a ph thuc vo switch.

29xx switches thng thng cho php c n 4,095 VLANs.

VLAN 1 l mt trong cc VLANs mc nh ca nh sn xut. VLAN 1 l VLAN Ethernet mc nh. Cc qung b Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) v VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) c gi trn VLAN 1. a ch IP ca Catalyst 29xx nm trn min qung b ca VLAN 1 theo mc nh. vlan 10 To VLAN: (Bc ny c th khng cn thit)Switch#vlan database

Switch(vlan)#vlan vl_num name vl_nameSwitch(vlan)#exit

Ch nh cc cng truy cp (access ports khng phi l cng trunk) vo mt VLAN c thSwitch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/9

Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan vlan_numberSwitch(config-if)#switchport mode access

Gn cc cng vo mt VLAN no Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/9

Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access

access c ngha l cng l mt cng truy cp ch khng phi l mt cng trunk3.4.2 Cu hnh di cc cng thuc VLAN

Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/5



Switch(config-if)#exit








Switch(config)#interface range fastethernet 0/8 - 12




Cu lnh trn khng hot ng trn tt c 2900 switches, v d nh 2900 Series XL. Quy cch ca cu lnh ny c th khc nhau i cht trn cc 2900 switches khc nhau.Hon ton hot ng trn 2950 switches. 3.4.3 Kim chng VLAN Show Lans

#show inter fa 0/2 switchport

#show interface trunk3.4.4 Xa VLANs

Switch(config-if)#no switchport access vlan vlan_numberSwitch(config-if)#exit

Switch(config)# no vlan vlan_number

Cu lnh s xc lp li cng vo VLAN 1. VLAN 1 khng th b xa khi switch.3.4.5 Xa thng tin VLANs

Switch#delete flash:vlan.dat

Delete filename [vlan.dat]?

Delete flash:vlan.dat? [confirm]

Switch#erase startup-config

Switch#reload Thng tin VLAN c lu gi trong file vlan.dat File ny khng b xa khi ta xa file startup-config. xa tt c cc thng tin v VLAN, s dng cu lnh trn v reload li switch.CHNG 4: DCH V DHCP4.1 Gii thiuDHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol) l giao thc cu hnh Host ng c thit k lm gim thi gian chnh cu hnh cho mng TCP/IP bng cch t ng gn cc a ch IP cho khch hng khi h vo mng. Dich v DHCP l mt thun li rt ln i vi ngi iu hnh mng. N lm yn tm v cc vn c hu pht sinh khi phi khai bo cu hnh th cng.

Mi thit b trn mng c s TCP/IP phi c mt a ch IP duy nht truy cp mng v cc ti nguyn ca n. Khng c DHCP, cu hnh IP phi c thc hin mt cch th cng cho cc my tnh mi, cc my tnh di chuyn t mng con ny sang mng con khc, v cc my tnh c loi b khi mng.

4.2 Cc thng ip DHCP

- DHCP Discover: Thi gian u tin mt my tnh DHCP Client n lc gia nhp mng, n yu cu thng tin a ch IP t DHCP Server bi vic broadcast mt gi DHCP Discover. a ch IP ngun trong gi l 0.0.0.0 bi v client cha c a ch IP.

- DHCP Offer: Mi DHCP server nhn c gi DHCP Discover t client p ng vi gi DHCP Offer cha a ch IP khng thu bao v thng tin nh cu hnh TCP/IP b sung(thm vo), chng hn nh subnet mask v gateway mc nh. Nhiu hn mt DHCP server c th p ng vi gi DHCP Offer. Client s chp nhn gi DHCP Offer u tin n nhn c.

- DHCP Request: Khi DHCP client nhn c mt gi DHCP Offer, n p ng li bng vic broadcast gi DHCP Request m cha yu cu a ch IP, v th hin s chp nhn ca a ch IP c yu cu.

- DHCP Acknowledge : DHCP server c chn la chp nhn DHCP Request t Client cho a ch IP bi vic gi mt gi DHCP Acknowledge. Ti thi im ny, Server cng nh hng bt c cc tham s nh cu hnh tu chn. S chp nhn trn ca DHCP Acknowledge, Client c th tham gia trn mng TCP/IP v hon thnh h thng khi ng.

- DHCP Nak: Nu a ch IP khng th c s dng bi client bi v n khng cn gi tr na hoc c s dng hin ti bi mt my tnh khc, DHCP Server p ng vi gi DHCP Nak, v Client phi bt u tin trnh thu bao li. Bt c khi no DHCP Server nhn c yu cu t mt a ch IP m khng c gi tr theo cc Scope m n c nh cu hnh vi, n gi thng ip DHCP Nak i vi Client.

- DHCP Decline : Nu DHCP Client quyt nh tham s thng tin c ngh no khng c gi tr, n gi gi DHCP Decline n cc Server v Client phi bt u tin trnh thu bao li.

- DHCP Release: Mt DHCP Client gi mt gi DHCP Release n mt server gii phng a ch IP v xo bt c thu bao no ang tn ti.4.3 Qu trnh DHCP

Dch v DHCP hot ng theo m hnh Client / Server. Theo qu trnh tng tc gia DHCP client v server s din ra theo cc bc sau.

Bc 1: Khi my Client khi ng, my s gi broadcast gi tin DHCP DISCOVER, yu cu mt Server phc v mnh. Gi tin ny cng cha a ch MAC ca client. Nu client khng lin lc c vi DHCP Server th sau 4 ln truy vn khng thnh cng n s t ng pht sinh ra 1 a ch IP ring cho chnh mnh nm trong dy 169.254.0.0 n 169.254.255.255 dng lin lc tm thi. V client vn duy tr vic pht tn hiu Broad cast sau mi 5 pht xin cp IP t DHCP Server.

Bc 2: Cc my Server trn mng khi nhn c yu cu . Nu cn kh nng cung cp a ch IP, u gi li cho my Client mt gi tin DHCP OFFER, ngh cho thu mt a ch IP trong mt khong thi gian nht nh, km theo l mt Subnet Mask v a ch ca Server. Server s khng cp pht ia ch IP va ngh cho client thu trng sut thi gian thng thuyt.

Bc 3: My Client s la chn mt trong nhng li n ngh ( DHCPOFFER) v gi broadcast li gi tin DHCPREQUEST v chp nhn li ngh . iu ny cho php cc li ngh khng c chp nhn s c cc Server rt li v dng cp pht cho cc Client khc.

Bc 4: My Server c Client chp nhn s gi ngc li mt gi tin DHCP ACK nh mt li xc nhn, cho bit a ch IP , Subnet Mask v thi hn cho s dng s chnh thc c p dng. Ngoi ra server cn gi km nhng thng tin b xung nh a ch Gateway mc nh, a ch DNS Server...4.4 Cu hnh DHCP

Router(config)#ip dhcp pool Internal: To mt DHCP pool tn l internal.Router(dhcp-config)#network 172.16.10.0 255.255.255.0: Ch ra di a ch IP s c dng cp cho cc DHCP Client.Router(dhcp-config)#defaultrouter 172.16.10.1: Ch ra a ch IP ca default gateway cho cc DHCP client.Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 172.16.10.10: Ch ra a ch IP ca DNS server cho cc DHCP Client.Router(dhcp-config)#netbiosnameserver 172.16.10.10: Ch ra a ch IP ca NetBIOS server cho cc DHCP Client.Router(dhcp-config)#domain-name fakedomainname.ca: nh ngha tn min cho cc client.Router(dhcp-config)# lease 14 12 23: nh ngha thi gian cp a ch IP cho mi DHCP Client l: 14 ngy, 12 gi, v 23 pht.Router(dhcp-config)#lease Infinite: Thi gian cp a ch IP cho cc DHCP client khng c thi hn.Router(dhcp-config)#exit : Tr v ch cu hnh Global Configuration.Router(config)#ip dhcp excludedaddress 172.16.10.1 172.16.10.9: Cu hnh di a ch IP khng c php cp ng cho cc DHCP Client.Router(config)#service dhcp: Bt dch v DHCP v tnh nng relay trn Cisco IOS router.Router(config)#no service dhcp: Tt dch v DHCP trn Cisco Router. Dch v DHCP s c bt mc nh trn cc Cisco IOS Software.CHNG 5: C CH NAT PAT5.1 Gii thiu NAT PAT5.1.2 Khi nim

NAT (Network Address Translation) l mt c ch tit kim a ch IP ng k trong mt mng ln v gip n gin ha vic qun l a ch IP. Khi 1 gi d liu c nh tuyn trong 1 thit b mng, thng l firewall hoc cc router bin, a ch IP ngun s c chuyn i t a ch mng ring thnh a ch IP cng cng nh tuyn c. iu ny cho php gi d liu c truyn i trong trong mng cng cng, v d nh Internet. Sau , a ch cng cng trong gi tr li li c chuyn i thnh a ch ring pht vo trong mng ni b. Mt dng ca NAT, c gi l PAT (Port Address Translation), cho php nhiu a ch ring c dch sang mt a ch cng cng duy nht.

NAT thng c s dng trn Router bin ca mng mt ca. Mng mt ca l mng ch c mt kt ni duy nht ra bn ngoi. Khi mt host nm trong mng mt ca mun truyn d liu cho mt host nm bn ngoi n s truyn gi d liu n Router bin gii. Router bin gii s thc hin tin trnh NAT, chuyn i a ch ring ca host ngun sang mt a ch cng cng nh tuyn c. Trong thut ng NAT, mng ni b c ngha l tp hp cc a ch mng cn chuyn i a ch. Mng bn ngoi l tt c cc a ch khc cn li.

5.1.3 a ch ring (Private address)

RFC 1918 dnh ring 3 di a ch IP sau:

1 a ch lp A: 10.0.0.0/8.

16 a ch lp B: 172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0/12).

256 a ch lp C: 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0/16).

Nhng a ch trn ch dng cho mng ring, mng ni b. Cc gi d liu c ach nh trn s khng nh tuyn c trn Internet. a ch Internet cng cng phi c ng k vi mt cng ty c thm quyn Internet, v d nh American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) hoc Rseaux IP Europens (RIPE) v The Regional Internet Registry ph trch khu vc Chu u v Bc Phi. a ch IP cng cng cn c th c thu t mt nh cung cp dch v Internet (ISP). a ch IP ring c dnh ring v c th c s dng bi bt k ai. iu ny c ngha l c th c 2 mng hoc 2 triu mng s dng cng mt a ch mng ring. Router trn Internet s khng nh tuyn cc a ch RFC 1918.ISP cu hnh Router bin ngn khng cho cc lu lng ca a ch ring c pht ra ngoi.

NAT mang n rt nhiu li ch cho cc cng ty v Internet. Trc y, khi khng c NAT, mt my tnh khng th truy cp Internet vi a ch ring. By gi, sau khi c NAT, cc cng ty c th cu hnh a ch ring cho mt hoc tt c cc my tnh v s dng NAT truy cp Internet.5.2 Phn loi NAT

C 03 phng n NAT: Nat tnh (Static Nat)

Nat ng (Dynamic Nat)

Nat overload PAT (Port Address Translate)

Host A s dng 1 a ch dnh ring 192.168.2.23, host B s dng 1 a ch cng cng 192.31.7.130. Khi Host A gi mt packet n host B, backet s c truyn qua router v router thc hin qa trnh NAT. NAT s thay th a ch ngun private ip address (192.168.2.23) thnh mt public IP address (203.10.5.23) v forwards the packet., vi a ch ny packet s c nh tuyn trn internet ti destination address (192.31.7.130). Khi host B gi gi tin hi p ti host A, destination address ca gi tin s l 203.10.5.23. gi tin ny i qua router v s c NAT thnh a ch 192.168.2.23.

Cisco nh ngha cc thut ng NAT nh sau: Inside local address (a ch cc b bn trong): l a ch c phn phi cho cc host bn trong mng ni b. Cc a ch ny thng khng phi l a ch c cung cp bi InterNIC (Internet Network Information Center)hoc bi nh cung cp dch v Internet. a ch ny thng l a ch ring RFC 1918.

Inside global address (a ch ton cc bn trong): L mt a ch hp l c cp bi NIC hoc mt nh cung cp dch v trung gian. a ch ny i din cho mt hay nhiu a ch IP inside local trong vic giao tip vi mng bn ngoi. Outside local address (a ch cc b bn ngoi): L a ch IP ca mt host thuc mng bn ngoi, cc host thuc mng bn trong s nhn host thuc mng bn ngoi thng qua a ch ny. Outside local khng nht thit phi l mt a ch hp l trn mng IP (c th l a ch private).

Outside global address (a ch ton cc bn ngoi): L a ch IP c gn cho mt host thuc mng ngoi bi ngi s hu host . a ch ny c gn bng mt a ch IP hp l trn mng Internet.

5.2.1 NAT tnh Static NAT

Nat tnh hay cn gi l Static NAT l phng thc NAT mt i mt. Ngha l mt a ch IP c nh trong LAN s c nh x ra mt a ch IP Public c nh trc khi gi tin i ra Internet. Phng php ny khng nhm tit kim a ch IP m ch c mc ch nh x mt IP trong LAN ra mt IP Public n IP ngun trc khi i ra Internet lm gim nguy c b tn cng trn mng.V d: chuyn i mt a ch IP ring 165.10.1.2 255.255.255.0 sang di a ch IP cng cng t 169.10.1.50 dn 169.10.1.100. Dng (Netsim) cu hnh. Sau khi cu hnh song ta dng lnh show ip nat translations s c k qu nh sau:

Phng n ny c nhc im l nu trong LAN c bao nhiu IP mun i ra Internet th ta phi c tng IP Public nh x. Do vy phng n NAT tnh ch c dng vi cc my ch thuc vng DMZ vi nhim v Public cc Server ny ln Internet.

5.2.2 NAT ng Dynamic NAT

Nat ng (Dynamic NAT) l mt gii php tit kim IP Public cho NAT tnh. Thay v nh x tng IP c nh trong LAN ra tng IP Public c nh. LAN ng cho php NAT c di IP trong LAN ra mt di IP Public c nh ra bn ngoi.V d:

H thng LAN trong cng ty c 100 IP, nu mun 100 IP ny truy cp Internet th theo phng n NAT tnh cng ty s phi thu t ISP 100 IP Public. iu ny qu tn km, gii php NAT ng cho php ch cn thu t ISP 10 IP Public nu ti cng mt thi im ch c 10 IP trong LAN truy cp Internet. Tuy nhin gii php NAT ng vn c hn ch v nu ti mt thi im cng ty cn 20 IP trong LAN truy cp Internet th mi IP truy cp sau s phi i n khi no c IP ri (cc IP trc khng chim dng IP Public na) th mi c th truy cp Internet c. Chnh v th gii php NAT ng t khi c s dng.

5.2.3 NAT Overload PAT

Nat overload PAT l gii php c dng nhiu nht c bit l trong cc Modem ADSL, y l gii php mang li c hai u im ca NAT l:

n a ch IP trong h thng mng ni b trc khi gi tin i ra Internet gim gim thiu nguy c tn cng trn mng

Tit kim khng gian a ch IP

Bn cht PAT l kt hp IP Public v s hiu cng (port) trc khi i ra Internet. Lc ny mi IP trong LAN khi i ra Internet s c nh x ra mt IP Public kt hp vi s hiu cng

V d:

Trong v d trn PAT s dng s port ngun cng vi a ch IP ring bn trong phn bit khi chuyn i. Router thc hin chuyn i a ch ip ngun t 10.0.0.4 sang 179.9.8.80. port ngun 1331. tng t ip ngun t 10.0.0.2 sang 179.9.8.80. port ngun l 1555

Gii php PAT thc s tit kim khng gian a ch IP v vi mi IP Public c th i din cho 65.536 IP trong LAN theo l thuyt, tuy nhin thc t mi IP Public i din cho khong 4000 IP trong LAN. y cng l mt con s a ch IP khng l tha sc cung cp cho bt k mt cng ty no ln nht th gii.5.3 Cu hnh

5.3.1 Cu hnh NAT ng

ISP(config)#ip route 64.64.64.64 255.255.255.128 s0/0/0: Thng bo cho router ca ISP, ni m bn s gi cc gi tin vi a ch ch l 64.64.64.64 255.255.255.128.Corp(config)#ip nat pool scott 64.64.64.70 64.64.64.126 netmask 255.255.255.128: nh ngha tn cho di a ch IP Public l scott. a ch IP u tin ca di l: 64.64.64.70. a ch IP cui cng ca di l: 64.64.64.126 Subnet mask ca di l: 255.255.255.128.Corp(config)#access-list 1 permit 172.16.10.0 0.0.0.255: To mt ACL s c dng cho php nhng a ch IP Private no s c php chuyn i.Corp(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 pool scott: To mi quan h gia ACL vi di a ch IP Public to trc .Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0: Chuyn cu hnh vo ch Interface fa0/0.

Router(config-if)#ip nat inside: Nhng a ch ca mi mt interface inside s c chuyn i thnh a ch IP Public.Router(config-if)#ip nat outside: nh ngha ra interface vi vai tr l interface outside (interface s c dng kt ni ra ngoi mng Interface hoc WAN).5.3.2 Cu hnh PAT

Nhiu a ch IP Private c chuyn i sang mt a ch IP Public. Tt c cc a ch IP Private s s dng duy nht mt a ch IP Public v cc ch s port s c dng cho qu trnh chuyn i.

ISP(config)#ip route 64.64.64.64 255.255.255.128 s0/0/0: Thng bo cho router ca ISP, ni m bn s gi cc gi tin vi a ch ch l 64.64.64.64 255.255.255.128.Corp(config)#ip nat pool scott 64.64.64.70 64.64.64.126 netmask 255.255.255.128: nh ngha tn cho di a ch IP Public l scott. a ch IP u tin ca di l: 64.64.64.70. a ch IP cui cng ca di l: 64.64.64.126 Subnet mask ca di l: 255.255.255.128.Corp(config)#access-list 1 permit 172.16.10.0 0.0.0.255: To mt ACL s c dng cho php nhng a ch IP Private no s c php chuyn i.Corp(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 pool scott: To mi quan h gia ACL vi di a ch IP Public to trc .Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0: Chuyn cu hnh vo ch Interface fa0/0.

Router(config-if)#ip nat inside: Nhng a ch ca mi mt interface inside s c chuyn i thnh a ch IP Public.Router(config-if)#ip nat outside: nh ngha ra interface vi vai tr l interface outside (interface s c dng kt ni ra ngoi mng Interface hoc WAN).5.3.3 Cu hnh Static NAT

Mt a ch IP Private c chuyn i c nh sang mt a ch IP Public

ISP(config)#ip route 64.64.64.64 255.255.255.128 s0/0/0: Thng bo cho router ca ISP, ni m bn s gi cc gi tin vi a ch ch l 64.64.64.64 255.255.255.128.Corp(config)#ip nat inside source static 172.16.10.5 64.64.64.65: Thc hin chuyn i c nh a ch IP bn trong 172.16.10.5 thnh mt a ch IP Public 64.64.64.65. Bn s phi s dng cu lnh cho mi mt a ch IP Private m bn mun nh x tnh vi mt a ch IP Public.Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0: Chuyn cu hnh vo ch Interface fa0/0.

Router(config-if)#ip nat inside: Nhng a ch ca mi mt interface inside s c chuyn i thnh a ch IP Public.Router(config)#interface serial 0/0: Chuyn cu hnh vo ch Interface se0/0.

Router(config-if)#ip nat outside: nh ngha ra interface vi vai tr l interface outside (interface s c dng kt ni ra ngoi mng Interface hoc WAN).CHNG 6: Mng cc b khng dy Wireless LAN6.1 Gii thiuMng WLAN l mt h thng thng tin lin lc d liu linh hot c thc hin nh phn m rng, hoc thay th cho mng LAN hu tuyn trong nh hoc trong cc c quan. S dng sng in t, mng WLAN truyn v nhn d liu qua khong khng, ti gin nhu cu cho cc kt ni hu tuyn. Nh vy, mng WLAN kt ni d liu vi ngi dng lu ng, v thng qua cu hnh c n gin ha, cho php mng LAN di ng.

WLAN l m hnh mng c s dng cho mt khu vc c phm vi nh nh mt ta nh, khun vin ca mt cng ty, trng hc. N l loi mng linh hot c kh nng c ng cao thay th cho mng cp ng truyn thng v bt u pht trin vo gia thp k 80 ca th k XX bi t chc FCC (Federal Communications Commission). WLAN s dng sng v tuyn hay hng ngoi truyn v nhn d liu thng qua khng gian, xuyn qua tng trn v cc cu trc khc m khng cn cp. WLAN cung cp tt c cc chc nng v cc u im ca mt mng LAN truyn thng nh Ethernet hay Token Ring nhng li khng b gii hn bi cp. Ngoi ra WLAN cn c kh nng kt hp vi cc mng c sn, WLAN kt hp rt tt vi LAN to thnh mt mng nng ng v n nh hn. WLAN l mng rt ph hp cho vic pht trin iu khin thit b t xa, cung cp mng dch v ni cng cng, khch sn, vn phng. S pht trin ngy cng tng nhanh ca cc my tnh xch tay nh gn hn, hin i hn v r hn thc y s tng trng rt ln trong cng nghip WLAN nhng nm gn y.

6.2 Li ch ca mng WLAN Kh nng lu ng ci thin hiu sut v dch v - Cc h thng mng WLAN cung cp s truy cp thng tin thi gian thc ti bt c u cho ngi dng mng trong t chc ca h. Kh nng lu ng ny h tr cc c hi v hiu sut v dch v m mng ni dy khng th thc hin c.

n gin v tc nhanh trong ci t - Ci t h thng mng WLAN nhanh v d dng v loi tr nhu cu ko dy qua cc tng v cc trn nh.

Linh hot trong ci t - Cng ngh khng dy cho php mng i n cc ni m mng ni dy khng th.

Gim bt gi thnh s hu - Trong khi u t ban u ca phn cng cn cho mng WLAN c gi thnh cao hn cc chi ph phn cng mng LAN hu tuyn, nhng chi ph ci t ton b v gi thnh tnh theo tui th thp hn ng k. Cc li ch v gi thnh tnh theo tui th l ng k trong mi trng nng ng yu cu thng xuyn di chuyn, b sung, v thay i.

Tnh linh hot - Cc h thng mng WLAN c nh hnh theo cc kiu topo khc nhau p ng cc nhu cu ca cc ng dng v cc ci t c th. Cu hnh mng d thay i t cc mng c lp ph hp vi s nh ngi dng n cc mng c s h tng vi hng nghn ngi s dng trong mt vng rng ln.

Kh nng v hng:cc mng my tnh khng dy c th c cu hnh theo cc topo khc nhau p ng cc nhu cu ng dng v lp t c th. Cc cu hnh d dng thay i t cc mng ngang hng thch hp cho mt s lng nh ngi s dng n cc mng c c s h tng y dnh cho hng nghn ngi s dng m c kh nng di chuyn trn mt vng rng.6.3 Nguyn l hot ng ca WLAN

Mng WLAN s dng sng in t (v tuyn v tia hng ngoi) truyn thng tin t im ny sang im khc m khng da vo bt k kt ni vt l no. Cc sng v tuyn thng l cc sng mang v tuyn bi v chng thc hin chc nng phn pht nng lng n gin ti my thu xa. D liu truyn c chng ln trn sng mang v tuyn n c nhn li ng my thu. l s iu bin sng mang theo thng tin c truyn. Mt khi d liu c chng (c iu ch) ln trn sng mang v tuyn, th tn hiu v tuyn chim nhiu hn mt tn s n, v tn s hoc tc truyn theo bit ca thng tin bin iu c thm vo sng mang.

Nhiu sng mang v tuyn tn ti trong cng khng gian ti cng mt thi im m khng nhiu vi nhau nu chng c truyn trn cc tn s v tuyn khc nhau. nhn d liu, my thu v tuyn bt sng (hoc chn) mt tn s v tuyn xc nh trong khi loi b tt c cc tn hiu v tuyn khc trn cc tn s khc.

Trong mt cu hnh mng WLAN tiu biu, mt thit b thu pht, c gi mt im truy cp (AP - access point), ni ti mng ni dy t mt v tr c nh s dng cp Ethernet chun. im truy cp (access point) nhn, lu vo b nh m, v truyn d liu gia mng WLAN v c s h tng mng ni dy. Mt im truy cp n h tr mt nhm nh ngi s dng v vn hnh bn trong mt phm vi vi mt ti vi chc mt. im truy cp (hoc anten c gn ti n) thng thng c gn trn cao nhng thc t c gn bt c ni u min l khong v tuyn cn thu c.

Ngi dng u cui truy cp mng WLAN thng qua cc card giao tip mng WLAN, m c thc hin nh cc card PC trong cc my tnh notebook, hoc s dng card giao tip ISA hoc PCI trong cc my tnh bn, hoc cc thit b tch hp hon ton bn trong cc my tnh cm tay. Cc card giao tip mng WLAN cung cp mt giao din gia h iu hnh mng (NOS) v sng tri (qua mt anten). Bn cht ca kt ni khng dy l trong sut vi NOS.6.3.1 Mng WLAN c lp (mng ngang hng) Cu hnh mng WLAN n gin nht l mng WLAN c lp (hoc ngang hng) ni cc PC vi cc card giao tip khng dy. Bt k lc no, khi hai hoc hn card giao tip khng dy nm trong phm vi ca nhau, chng thit lp mt mng c lp (hnh 1.6). y, cc mng ny khng yu cu s qun tr hoc s nh cu hnh trc.

Cc im truy cp m rng phm vi ca mng WLAN c lp bng cch ng vai tr nh l mt b chuyn tip (hnh 1.7), c hiu qu gp i khong cch gia cc PC khng dy.6.3.2 Mng WLAN c s h tng (infrastructure)Trong mng WLAN c s h tng, nhiu im truy cp lin kt mng WLAN vi mng ni dy v cho php cc ngi dng chia s cc ti nguyn mng mt cch hiu qu. Cc im truy cp khng cc cung cp cc truyn thng vi mng ni dy m cn chuyn tip lu thng mng khng dy trong khu ln cn mt cch tc thi. Nhiu im truy cp cung cp phm vi khng dy cho ton b ta nh hoc khu vc c quan.

Hnh 2.8. Mng WLAN C s h tng

6.4 Cc ch tiu k thut ca mng WLANSo vi mng LAN hu tuyn, mng WLAN linh hot hn trong ci t, nh cu hnh v t do vn c trong mng lu ng. Cc khch hng mng WLAN cng nh cc nhn vin k thut cn xem xt cc ch tiu k thut sau.6.4.1 Phm vi/Vng ph sng

Khong cch m qua cc sng RF truyn thng l mt nhim v ca vic thit k sn phm (bao gm thit k my thu v cng sut pht) v ng truyn dn mng LAN, c bit trong mi trng trong nh. Cc tng tc vi cc i tng xy dng tiu biu, bao gm tng nh, kim loi, v thm ch c con ngi, nh hng n cch truyn nng lng, v nh vy tnh c phm vi v vng ph sng ca h thng. a s cc h thng mng WLAN s dng sng RF v cc sng v tuyn thm nhp qua tng v cc b mt trong nh. Phm vi (hoc bn knh ph sng) tiu biu ca h thng mng WLAN thay i t di 30,48m ti hn 152,4m. Vng ph sng c m rng, v s t do ch thc ca kh nng lu ng thng qua roaming, c cung cp qua cc microcell.6.4.2 Lu lng

Nh cc h thng mng LAN hu tuyn, lu lng thc t trong mng WLAN l sn phm v c cu ph thuc. Cc nhn t nh hng ti lu lng bao gm s tc nghn sng (s lng ngi dng), cc h s truyn, kiu h thng mng WLAN s dng, cng nh gc tr v cc c chai trn cc phn ni dy ca mng WLAN. Tc d liu tiu biu t 1 n 11 Mbps.

Mng WLAN cung cp lu lng cho cc ng dng vn phng ph bin trn nn mng LAN, bao gm s trao i email, truy cp chia s thit b ngoi vi, v cc truy cp ti c s d liu v cc ng dng nhiu ngi dng6.4.3 S ton vn v tin cy

Cc cng ngh d liu khng dy c chng minh qua hn nm mi nm s dng cc ng dng khng dy trong cc h thng c thng mi ln qun i. Nhiu v tuyn gy ra s gim st lu lng, nhng chng him c ti ni lm vic. Cc thit k ni bt ca cng ngh mng WLAN v gii hn khong cch tn hiu truyn dn ti cc kt ni ca mng ny mnh hn cc kt ni in thoi t bo, v mng cung cp kh nng thc hin ton vn d liu bng hoc hn mng ni dy.6.4.4 Kh nng kt ni vi c s h tng mng ni dya s cc h thng mng WLAN cung cp kt ni chun cng nghip vi cc h thng ni dy, bao gm Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) v Token Ring (IEEE 802.5). Kh nng kt ni trn nn chun lm cc phn khng dy ca mng trong sut hon ton vi phn cn li ca mng. Cc nt mng WLAN lc h tr bi cc h iu hnh mng theo cch ging nh cc nt mng LAN khc qua trnh iu khin. Mt khi c ci t, cc h iu hnh mng xem cc nt mng nh mi thnh phn khc ca mng.6.4.5 Kh nng kt ni vi c s h tng mng khng dyC th c vi kiu kt ni gia cc mng WLAN. iu ny ph thuc c cch la chn cng ngh ln cch thc hin ca nh cung cp thit b c th. Cc sn phm t cc nh cung cp khc nhau s dng cng cng ngh v cng cch thc hin cho php trao i gia cc card giao tip v cc im truy cp. Mc ch ca cc chun cng nghip, nh cc c t k thut IEEE 802.11, s cho php cc sn phm tng hp vn hnh vi nhau m khng c s hp tc r rng gia cc nh cung cp.6.4.6 Nhiu

i vi cc WLAN hot ng bng tn v tuyn 2,4 GHz cc l vi sng l mt ngun nhiu quan trng. Cc l vi sng cng sut ln ti 750W vi 150 xung trn giy v c bn knh bc x hot ng khong 10 m. Nh vy i vi tc d liu 2 Mbit/s di gi ln nht phi nh hn 20.000 bit hoc 2.500 octet. Bc x pht ra qut t 2,4 GHz n 2,45 GHz v gi n nh theo chu k ngn tn s 2,45 GHz. Cho d cc khi b chn th phn ln nng lng vn gy nhiu ti truyn dn WLAN. Cc ngun nhiu khc trong bng tn 2,4 GHz gm my photocopy, cc thit b chng trm, cc m t thang my v cc thit b y t.6.5 Chun IEEE 802.11

CHNG 4: KT LUN

Vic thit k, xy dng h thng mng my tnh l mt cng vic khng h n gin. c c mt m hnh mng hon chnh, khoa hc i hi ngi thit k phi nm c kin thc vng vng. H thng mng chy tt hay khng, duy tr c lu hay khng phn ln bt ngun t vic thit k mt h thng mng c khoa hc. Phi lp t lm sao d qun l, d nng cp v hn ch s c n mc thp nht.

Kin thc thu c sau t thc tp: Thc t: nh hng c cng vic sau khi ra trng. Trau di k nng lm vic nhm. Bit thm v phn cng my tnh, cch sa li phn mm cc thit b di ng. L thuyt: Thit k c m hnh mng cho mt doanh nghip vi chi ph hp l, tnh hiu qu v bo mt vn c m bo. Nm vng kin thc v DHCP Server, Active Directory, giao thc TCP/IP, m hnh VLAN .

Tm li, t thc tp ny mang li cho em nhiu kin thc v mng my tnh, c mt ci nhn c th hn v ngnh ang theo hc. c phn lm k thut vin gip em c thm kinh nghim trong vic gii quyt cc vn v my tnh v cc thit b di ng. Tuy nhin, do s hn ch v kin thc nn bi bo co s khng trnh khi nhng thiu st, rt mong s ng gp ca Thy c v cc bn.TI LIU THAM KHO[1] Trn Mnh Hng. Bi ging qun tr mng Window Server 2008

[2] V Khi Th. Gio trnh qun tr mng Window Server 2003.[3] Website http://quantrimang.com.vn/[4] Website http://tuhocanninhmang.com/Default VLAN 1

Default VLAN 1

VLAN 10 Configured



vlan 10

Default vlan 1

Default vlan 1

vlan 2

vlan 3

vlan 2

vlan 1 default

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