81

y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

����������� ��������������������������� �!���"��"�#���$���&%�' (*)+�"��� ,-���.�/�.��

0�1 �����#23�4�� �����!�

576

8:9�;=<?>A@CB3D7EFD7;=GHD7IJ9�K L

M�NPORQ+S=T"NVU.WYXVQ+S?Z\[�]^S`_aX"_ab�cdW XVQ+S?Z\[#efbg]^S`hiW b�jf]^bAQ`Q`[�]^b�jAUkANPl�NPOmNPnpo�efX^XVQ`jaQmeaq/W b�jf]^bAQ`Q`[�]^b�jAUsrt_vu7]^bg_ac�_sUAwxbgc�]^_sU�yvzazaz

{s| 5.} ]VZ\Z\Q+c:Z\e~Z#TAQ���Q`�g_v[#Z } Q+b�Z3eaq�WYXVQ+S?Z\[�]^S`_aX�WYbAjf]^bAQ`Q`[=]^bAj�_abgc�o�e } � | Z\Q`[ { S`]^Q+b�S?Q�_ab�cZ#TAQ!��_aS | XVZ 6 eaq Z#TAQ���[�_ac | _vZ\Q { S=TAe�efX�eaqYZ#TAQ�n�b�]V�aQ`[=h#]VZ 6 eaq r�_ab�h#_ah�]^b��g_v[#Z#]�_aXRq | XV�gX�X } Q+b�Zeaq/Z#TAQm[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+bFZ#h�q�ea[iZ#TAQ�c�Q`ja[#Q`Q�eaq��d_ah#Z\Q`[�eaq { S`]VQ+b�S?Q

N��[+NP��Q`[#[#[ 6J� XVQ?�s_abgcAQ`[���o�T�_a]^[��

N��[+NP��_+�s]^c � b�cA[�Q`��h�����Q }�5 Q`[��

N��[+N {s| h�_abd��_ | S�T�����Q }�5 Q`[��

N��_vZ\Q � S`S?Q`��Z\Q+c

Page 2: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� � �¢¡¤£¥�¢¡§¦

¨ ©+ª�«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®�ª ¨µ N µ O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µµ N·y �deaZ#]V�¯_vZ#]^efb N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N yµ N·¸ ��[�e 5 XVQ } { Z#_vZ\Q } Q+bFZ¹N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸µ N»º ��[�ea��efh#Q+c { efX | Z#]^efb N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸µ N·¼ ½�[#jf_abg]V¾+_vZ#]Vefb�eaq4OiTAQ+h�]^h¿N�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼

À Á!Â�²¯Ã"Äg¬¯®.±�ªR° Åy7N µ Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_ { � Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]VefbJÇR_abAj | _vjaQ�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Èy7N·y ��É�O��ÊN�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ëy7N·¸ Ì � É�W {�Í � Z\Q+h\Z�Q+bF�s]V[#efb } Q+bFZ�q�ea[iÉ�Î���Ç NmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ zy7N»º � XVZ\Q`[�_�� ��Ï�Ð �YÇRn { w#w�N�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ y

y7N»ºAN µ � ÇsOiW Æ � � [#e¯Ñ\Q+S?ZiÉ4Q`[�]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ yy7N»ºAN·y wÒbA� | Z�Z\Q+h\Z�q´ea[ } _vZ�q´ea[�h#] } | X^_vZ#]^bAj � ÇsOiW Æ � � ��Ï � Ƕn { w#w } e7cAQ+X�h µ ¸

y7N·¼ � b�wxb�Z\[#esc | S?Z#]VefbJZ\e Ï ��Ç¿N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ ¸y7N·¼7N µ Ï �dÇ�M | ]^X^cg]^bAj�M�XVesS#ush¢N�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ º

]^]

Page 3: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

y7N·¼7N·y ��Oi�ÓN�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ+Ôy7N·¼7N·¸ Ï �dÇ { S=TAQ } _ÕNmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ Èy7N·¼7N»º Ï { ÇsO NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ+Öy7N·¼7N·¼ ��½m� NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ+Öy7N·¼7N Ô k ��Ï � NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ Ëy7N·¼7N×È {s| }3} _v[ 6 N�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N yvz

Ø Ù�Ú7Û­³�Ä.ª¤Ü�Ú7¬¯³´Ý/²fÂA«Þ³�®.ª§ß�Ú7Û`«Jà¹ÚsªRÚ7¬¯ÂA«Þ³�®.ª À"¨¸7N µ O¶Q+h\Z { S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N yay

¸7N µ N µ ÇReajf]^S`_aX¶½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[=h�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N y¯º¸7N µ N·y Æ Q+X^_vZ#]Vefb�_aX¶½���Q`[=_vZ\ea[�h¹NmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N yaË

¸7N·y O¶Q+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸ µ¸7N·y7N µ ��Q+b�Q`[�_aX Æ Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#hÕN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸ay¸7N·y7N·y wÒb�]VZ#]^_aX É4Q+S?Z\ea[=h�_ab�c�O¶Q+h\Z�o�_ah\Q+h�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸ay

á ©+â:ã�ä�ÚsâCÚsª�«­ÂA«¯³´®�ªåÙ�Ú�«­Âg³Hä�Û Ø�áºAN µ ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=h$N�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸¯ººAN·y Ï �dÇ Æ Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ#_vZ#]^efbpNmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸¯º

ºAN·y7N µ o�efbgS?[#Q`Z\QtO¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�N�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸fÈ��Q+b�Q`[�_vZ#]Vefb�eaq�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]�bJÌ � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZÊNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸aËO¶Q+h\Ziq�ea[ } _vZiq�ea[iZ\Q+h\Z#]�bAj � Ç7O�W Æ � � ��Ï � Ƕn { w�w } escAQ+X^h&NmNtN�N º µ

ºAN·¸ {s| �g��ea[�Z�q�ea[ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_���_vZ#_�O 6 ��Q+h�]^b���É�O��æN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºFyºAN·¸7N µ M�]VZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=hçN�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºFy

{ � Q+S`]Vq 6 ]^bAj!ORQ+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�q�ea[�M�]VZ\É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºF¸

]�]^]

Page 4: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ºAN·¸7N·y { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+hèN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºaº{ � Q+S`]Vq 6 ]^bAj!ORQ+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�q�ea[ { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h¿NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºF¼w } �gXVQ } Q+bFZ#_vZ#]VefbdcAQ`Z#_a]^X^h�eaq { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºF¼

é ê�ëìÂgâ:ã�ä�Ú7Û á"í¼7N µ { S=T } ]^cAZiO¶[�]VjajaQ`[�NmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N º�È

¼7N µ N µ � | b�S?Z#]Vefb�_aX^]^Z 6 _ab�c { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efbîNtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N º�ȼ7N µ N·y O¶Q+h\Z { S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh N�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N º Ö¼7N µ N·¸ O¶Q+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºF˼7N µ N»º ½ | Z\� | Z�q�ea[ ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b Ï �dÇ:�Aea[ } _vZ NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼vz¼7N µ N·¼ o�efbgS?[#Q`Z\QtO¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b�Ì � É�W { q´ea[ } _vZ N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼ µ

¼7N·y � X^_v[ } o�X^e7S�u NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼ay¼7N·y7N µ ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�ORQ+h\Z�É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]�b Ï ��Ç NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼fȼ7N·y7N·y o�efbgS?[#Q`Z\QtO¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b�Ì � É�W { q´ea[ } _vZ N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼fÈ

¼7N·¸ M�]VZ\É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�h | ��� ea[#Z�]^b Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_:N�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼ Ö¼7N·¸7N µ { � Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]VefbJwxX�X | h\Z\[�_vZ#]�bAj�M�]VZ\É4Q+S?Z\ea[=h*N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼a˼7N·¸7N·y O¶Q+h\Z { S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh N�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼a˼7N·¸7N·¸ O¶Q+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô z¼7N·¸7N»º ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�ORQ+h\Z�É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]�b Ï ��Ç NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô z¼7N·¸7N·¼ o�efbgS?[#Q`Z\QtO¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b�Ì � É�W { q´ea[ } _vZ N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô y

¼7N»º { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h {s| ��� ea[#Z�]^b Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_§N�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô ¸¼7N»ºAN µ { � Q+S`]^S`_vZ#]^efb�eaq { Q+� | Q+bgS?Q+hmN�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô ¸¼7N»ºAN·y O¶Q+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô ¸

]V�

Page 5: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

¼7N»ºAN·¸ ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�ORQ+h\Z�É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]�b Ï ��Ç NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô º¼7N»ºAN»º o�efbgS?[#Q`Z\QtO¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b�Ì � É�W { q´ea[ } _vZ N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô ¼

Å ï챶â�â:Â�¬­ðåÂgª¶°�ñ�±ì«¯±R¬¯Údò-®.¬Þà ÅgÅÔ N µ {s| }�} _v[ 6 N�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ÔaÔÔ N·y o�efb�S`X | h#]Vefb�hóN�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô ÈÔ N·¸ � | Z | [#Q�Ì¿ea[#u NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ÔaÖ

Page 6: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ô õ ¦:¡ �Êö ÷ õYø ù ú £û¦

µ N µ �/XVe­��eaq¶jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ#]Vefb�eaq/Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h¿NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N º

y7N µ { S=T } ]^cAZiO¶[�]VjajaQ`[ { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]VefbüN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Èy7N·y ��e } _a]^b�h�_ab�c�wÒbFZ\Q`[�_aS?Z#]^efb�h�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ëy7N·¸ Ì � É�W {�ý É�Î���ÇþO¶Q+h\Z�M�Q+b�S=Tÿo�efbA�gj | [�_vZ#]VefbÊN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µaµy7N»º Ï �dÇ Æ Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ#_vZ#]^efbpNmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ ¼y7N·¼ � Z\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+h�]^b�_ab Ï ��Ç:��esS | } Q+b�Z NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N µ+Ô

¸7N µ O¶Q+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h���_aS�u¯_vjaQ NmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸ µ¸7N·y { � Q+S`]Vq 6 ]�bAj�O¶Q+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#hóN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸ay¸7N·¸ O¶Q+h\Z�o�_ah\Q+h���Q+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c N�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸ay¸7N»º Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#hi�gXVQ�]^X^X | h\Z\[�_vZ#]^b�j | h#_vjaQteaq/]�b�]VZ�q | bgS?Z#]Vefb�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸a¸

ºAN µ �/XVe­��eaq¶jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ#]Vefb�eaq ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�ORQ+h\Z�É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h§N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸a¼ºAN·y ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=h���Oi� NmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸a¼ºAN·¸ { S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh��gXVQmq�ea[ { S=T } ]^c�Z�O¶[�]VjajaQ`[�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸ ÔºAN»º ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=h�q�ea[ { S=T } ]^c�Z�O¶[�]VjajaQ`[CN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸ ÖºAN·¼ ��Q+bAQ`[=_vZ#]Vefb�eaq o�efb�S?[�Q`Z\QtORQ+h#ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸aË

�7]

Page 7: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ºAN Ô Ï { ÇsO q´ea[�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]^bAj�Ì � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZèN�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºfzºAN×È o�efb�S?[�Q`Z\Q�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]^bJÌ � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZ�NmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N º µºAN Ö wÒbA� | Z�O¶Q+h\Ziq�ea[ } _vZiq�ea[ � Ç7O�W Æ � � ��Ï � Ƕn { w#w N�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºFy

¼7N µ { S=T } ]^cAZiO¶[�]VjajaQ`[ { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]VefbüN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N º Ö¼7N·y { S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh�q�ea[ { S�T } ]^cAZ�O¶[�]VjajaQ`[óN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ºF˼7N·¸ Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#hiq´ea[ { S�T } ]�cAZ�OR[�]^jajaQ`[ { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb N�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼vz¼7N»º ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=h�q�ea[ { S=T } ]^c�Z�O¶[�]VjajaQ`[CN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼ µ¼7N·¼ o�efb�S?[�Q`Z\Q�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]^bJÌ � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZ�NmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼ay¼7N Ô { 6 h\Z\Q } ÇRQ`�aQ+X { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efbJq´ea[ � X^_v[ } o�XVesS#u&N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼a¸¼7N×È { Z\[ | S?Z | [�_aX Æ Q`�g[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefbÿ½�q � X^_v[ } o�XVesS#uCN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼a¼¼7N Ö � X^_v[ } o�X^e7S�u { � Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼ Ô¼7N·Ë ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=h�q�ea[ ����� S?e } ��efb�Q+bFZ:N�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼fȼ7N µ z o�efb�S?[�Q`Z\Q�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�q´ea[ ����� S?e } � efbAQ+b�Z�N�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼ Ö¼7N µaµ M�]VZ\É4Q+S?Z\ea[mh\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb�N�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼a˼7N µ y { S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh�q�ea[�M�]VZ\É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¼a˼7N µ ¸ Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#hiq´ea[�M�]VZ\É4Q+S?Z\ea[=h!NmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô z¼7N µ º ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=h�q�ea[�M�]VZ\É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ôsµ¼7N µ ¼ o�efb�S?[�Q`Z\Q�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�q´ea[�M�]^Z\É4Q+S?Z\ea[�hèN�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô y¼7N µ+Ô { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efbJq´ea[ { Q+� | Q+bgS?Q+h NmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô ¸¼7N µ È Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#hiq´ea[ { Q+� | Q+bgS?Q+h§NmN�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô º¼7N µ+Ö ��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=h�q�ea[ { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô º¼7N µ Ë o�efb�S?[�Q`Z\Q�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�q´ea[ { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+hN�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N Ô ¼

�s]^]

Page 8: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ô õ ¦:¡ �Êö � � �Y£û¦

¸7N µ O¶[ | Z#T�O�_ 5 XVQmq�ea[ � l��æ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N y¯º¸7N·y O¶[ | Z#T�O�_ 5 XVQmq�ea[�½ Æ ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[§N�N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ya¼¸7N·¸ �/]^b�_aXìO¶Q+h\Z { S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh�eaq ½ Æ ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[CN�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N y Ô¸7N»º O¶[ | Z#T�O�_ 5 XVQmq�ea[�lm½�O�½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[ N�NmN�N�NtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N y Ô¸7N·¼ O¶[ | Z#T�O�_ 5 XVQmq�ea[iwxq ý OiT�Q+b ý W X^h#Q�½���Q`[=_vZ\ea[óNtNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N yfȸ7N Ô O¶Q+h\Z�o�efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb�h�q�ea[ Æ Q+X�_vZ#]Vefb�_aXR½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�hiNmN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N�NmN�N�NmNtN�N ¸vz

�7]^]�]

Page 9: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

�� Û+«­¬ÞÂg²a«

O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj ]^h�_ab�] } � ea[#Z#_abFZ��gT�_ah\Q¹]^b:Z#TAQ¹c�Q`�aQ+XVea� } Q+b�Z S 6 S`XVQ¹eaq�_ab 6 h 6 h\Z\Q } N¿O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj ]^b ý�aefXV�aQ+h�cAQ`�aQ+XVea�g]^b�j�Z#TAQ Z\Q+h\ZtS`_ah\Q+h�_ab�c¿[ | b�b�]^bAj¹Z#TAQ } efb~Z#TAQ3��[#esc | S?Z`N!wxZm��]^X^X 5 Q | h\Q`q | X]VqYZ#TAQ Z\Q+h\Z#]^bAj��g[#e7S?Q+h�hm]^hm_ | Z\e } _vZ\Q+c"N � b~_ | Z\e } _vZ#]^S!Z\Q+h\ZtS`_ah\Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[�_ | Z\e } _vZ#]^S`_aX^X 6jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h�Z\Q+h\ZtS`_ah#Q+h`N¹�defh\Z#X 6 Z#TAQ � | Z\e } _vZ#]^S�ORQ+h\Z�S`_ah\Q3jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[=htjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q�Z\Q+h\ZtS`_ah#Q+h]^b _Jq�ea[ } _vZ�Z#T�_vZ�]^h�cAQ`� Q+b�cAQ+b�Z�efb¿_¹�g_v[#Z#]^S | X�_v[�X�_abAj | _vjaQ!ea[�Z\e�_¹�g_v[#Z#]^S | X^_v[mh#] } | X^_vZ#]VefbQ+b��7]V[�efb } Q+b�Z`N�OiT�]^h�X^] } ]^Z#hiZ#TAQ���Q?�A] 5 ]^X�]VZ 6 eaq Z#TAQ!Z\e7efX�N�OiT | h�]Vq _ab � | Z\e } _vZ#]^S!ORQ+h#Z�o�_ah\Q��Q+bAQ`[=_vZ\ea[�jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+h�Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h�]^b�_�X^_abAj | _vjaQ�]^b�c�Q`��Q+bgcAQ+bFZ q´ea[ } _vZ Z#TAQ+b¹_ab 6 Z#T�]V[�c��g_v[#Z 6Z\e7efX"S`_ab�h#] } �.X 6 Z\[�_ab�h\q�ea[ } Z#TAQ+h\QmX^_ab�j | _vjaQ�]^b�cAQ`� Q+b�c�Q+bFZYZ\Q+h\ZiS`_ah\Q+hi]^b�Z\e _!q´ea[ } _vZ�Z#T�_vZi]^hS?e } �g_vZ#] 5 XVQ!q´ea[mZ#T�Q+]V[�h#] } | X^_vZ#]VefbÿQ+b��7]^[#efb } Q+b�Z`N�O�T�]^h�Z#TAQ+h#]^h��g[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#h�_ab¿_ | Z\e } _vZ#]^S3Z\Q+h\ZS`_ah\Q!jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[m��É�O�� � µ ¼���U���T�]^S=Td_ | Z\e } _vZ#]�S`_aX^X 6 jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+h�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�q´[#e } Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb�h`N¶�iÉ�O��§jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h4Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Z4�aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�]^b Ï ��Ç�q�ea[ } _vZ`N/wxb�Z#TAQ���[�e7S?Q+h#h�eaq.jaQ+b ýQ`[�_vZ#]^b�j�Z#TAQ�_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z Z\Q+h\ZY�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`Us��É�O�� �g[�h\Z�jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+hY_�h#Q`Z eaq"h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^efh�q�[#e } Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb�h`NYO¶Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh�[#Q`��[#Q+h#Q+bFZ�_�[�_abAjaQ�eaq4�v_aX | Q+h�_ab�c�Z#T�]�h�[�_abAjaQ�eaq��v_aX | Q+h�S`_ab5 Qt�aQ`[ 6 Tg]VjfT"N { e Z\e¹X�] } ]VZ�Z#TAQ!h\Q`Z�eaq4Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h`U"_ | h\Q`[�h#��Q+S`]^��Q+hiZ\Q+h\Z�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+bFZ#h�Z#T�_vZ�gX^_aS?Q+hYS?efb�h\Z\[�_a]�bFZ#hYefb3Z#TAQ�b | }t5 Q`[�eaq Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+hYZ#T�_vZ ��]�X^X 5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c"N�o�e }t5 ]�b�]^bAjmn�h\Q`[h\� Q+S`]V��Q+cC[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�_ab�cCZ#T�Q¹h#S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh`U�_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z!Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h ]^b Ï ��ǧ��]^X^X 5 Q jaQ+b ýQ`[�_vZ\Q+c"N�OiT�]^h Ï �dÇåq�ea[ } _vZmS`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+cÿZ\e�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q3S?efb�S?[�Q`Z\Q Z\Q+h\Zm�aQ+S?Z\ea[�hmZ#T�_vZ���]�X^X 5 Qh | ]^Z#_ 5 XVQ�q�ea[�_��._v[#Z#]^S | X^_v[�h#] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb�Q+bF�s]V[#efb } Q+bFZ`N � h��g_v[#ZYeaqRZ#T�]^h Z#TAQ+h#]^h���ea[#u�U7S?efb�S?[�Q`Z\Q�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^bJÌ � É�W { � µ z��¶q´ea[ } _vZ�_v[#Q�jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+cdq�[#e }�Ï ��ÇCZ\Q+h#Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`NiO�TAQ��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^bÌ � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZ�S`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+c�Z\e3Z\Q+h#ZiZ#TAQ�É�Î���Ç�] } �gX^Q } Q+bFZ#_vZ#]^efbJeaq¶Z#TAQ�h 6 h#Z\Q } N

Page 10: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� ²ÞÃ쪶®�� ä�Ú�°�Ä.â:Úsª�«­Û

w��Ye | X�c¹X�]VuaQ�Z\e�_aS#usbAe­��XVQ+cAjaQ�Z#TAQ�T�Q+XV�Jeaq } _ab 6 ��Q`ea�.XVQ�c | [�]^bAj�Z#T�]^h�Z#TAQ+h�]^h��Yea[�u.U��._v[#Z#]^S |sýX^_v[�X 6 }�6 _acA�s]^h\Q`[ Ù�¬�����Ú7¬¯¬­ð � ä�Ú�ëìÂgªR°�Ú7¬ q�ea[�T�]^h�] }3} Q+b�h\Qmh | ��� ea[#Z�]�bJ��[#e­�s]^c�]�bAj } Q�Z#TAQh | 5 ÑÒQ+S?Z#h`N¹Î�Q¹]^h } ea[�Q3Z#T�_abC_ } Q+bFZ\ea[�Z\e } QaN¹wmT�_ac¿[#Q+_aX q | b �Yea[#us]^bAj�]^b { ÇR��� X^_ 5 N�w_ } �aQ`[ 6 Z#T�_abAu7q | X�Z\e�_aX^X�Z#TAQ { Ƕ����ja[#e | � } Q }�5 Q`[=hm�m_v[#[�]^b r�] }�} Q+X^X�U�MY[=_ab�cAefb~�dea[#Q+X�Uo�]^bgc 6 rmefbAjAU�kaQ+h#h\Q { Z#_ab�XVQ 6 U.k | h\Z#]^b¹Ì~_v[�cdq´ea[�_aX�X Z#TAQth | �g��ea[�Z�Z#T�Q 6 T�_­�aQt��[�e­�s]^cAQ+c } QaN

wme­��QJ_�XVeaZ�Z\eÿ_aX�X }�6 q´[�]^Q+b�c�h {s| b�]^X�U Æ _+�s]�U {s| 5 Tg_ah#T"U���_aTAQ+h#TìU Æ _ } | U/rt_aX^]^S | Z`U��ea�gh`Ug��_vZ\Z\QaU {s| c�_v[�h#T�_abìUskfQ`Z#X^]�U { Q`Z\Z#]ì_ab�c } _ab 6J} ea[#QaN�w�S`_ab��»ZiQ+b�cJZ#Tg]^h�h\Q+S?Z#]Vefb���]VZ#TAe | Z} Q+b�Z#]Vefb�]^b�j¹rm[=]^h#T�b�_ Æ _abAjf_abg_vZ#T�_ab"U }�6 h\Q+bg]Vea[m]^b { ÇR����X^_ 5 N�Î�Q T�_ah�j | ]^cAQ+c } Q ]^b _aX^XZ#TAQm�gTg_ah\Q+h�eaq }t6 Z#TAQ+h#]^h���ea[#u�N Æ ]^jfTFZ�q�[#e } jf]V�s]^bAj!Z#TAQ�]�cAQ+_ah�q´ea[ }t6 Z#TAQ+h#]^h�Z#]�X^X�[#Q`�7]^Q`��]^bAj}�6 Z#T�Q+h#]^h�q�ea[�S?ea[#[#Q+S?Z#]Vefbgh`UgTAQ�TAQ+X^��Q+c } Q�_3XVeaZ`N

�/]^b�_aX^X 6 Z#T�]^h4��ea[#u��Ye | X^c�b��»Z 5 QiS?e } �gX^Q`Z\Qi��]VZ#TAe | Z�Z#T�Q�h | ��� ea[#Z/eaq }t6 �g_v[�Q+bFZ#h`U }t6h#]^h#Z\Q`[�_ab�c }�6¹5 [#eaZ#TAQ`[ ý ]^b ý X^_+��N

]^]

Page 11: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� ��� �"!$#&% '

( � ¡ ú �*) ù + ¡ õ � �

,.-/, �����g� ����0

OiTAQ!] } � ea[#Z#_abgS?Q�eaqYZ\Q+h\Z#]^bAj�_ab�c ]VZ#h�] } �.X^]^S`_vZ#]Vefb�h���]VZ#T�[#Q+h\� Q+S?Z�Z\e�� | _aX�]VZ 6 eaqYZ#TAQ h 6 h\Z\Q }cAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q+c¹]^h 5 e | b�c�XVQ+h#h1� µ º2��N�ORQ+h#Z#]^bAj!]^hY_�S?[�]VZ#]�S`_aXgqH_aS?Z\ea[i]^b�� | _aX^]^Z 6 _ah#h | [�_ab�S?Q�_ab�c�[�Q`��[#Q ýh\Q+b�Z#h�Z#TAQ!�gb�_aX¶[#Q`�s]VQ`��eaq�h 6 h\Z\Q } h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]VefbìU�cAQ+h�]Vjfb _ab�c�S?escAQ!jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]^efb"NtO¶Q+h\Z#]^bAjJ]^h�aQ`[ 6 X^_ 5 ea[i]^b�Z\Q+b�h#]^�aQt_ab�cd_aS`S?e | bFZ#h�q´ea[�_v����[#e­�s] } _vZ\Q+X 6 ¼vz43 eaq4Z#TAQ�S?efh\Z�eaq4h 6 h\Z\Q } cAQ`�aQ+X ýea� } Q+b�Z1� µ ¸5��N�O¶Q+h\Z#]^b�j�]^h4Z#TAQi�g[#e7S?Q+h�h�eaq Q?�7Q+S | Z#]^bAjt_m�g[#eaja[�_ } ��]VZ#T!Z#TAQi� | [#� efh\Q�eaq��.b�c�]^bAj_abJQ`[#[#ea[­N � jae7e7cJZ\Q+h\ZiS`_ah#QmZ#T | h+Us]�hYefb�QmZ#T�_vZ�T�_ah�_ T�]VjfT¹��[#e 5 _ 5 ]^X^]VZ 6 eaqR�gb�cg]^bAj�_abJQ`[�[#ea[+N

{ ] } | X^_vZ#]^efbd]^h�S?e }3} efbgX 6 | h\Q+c _ahm_ } Q+_abgh�eaqYZ\Q+h\Z#]^bAjJZ#TAQ h 6 h\Z\Q } NtwxbÿZ#T�]^h�Z\Q+S=T ýb�]^� | Q¹Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h�_v[#Q�cAQ+h#]Vjfb�Q+cå_vq´Z\Q`[3Z#T�Q�h 6 h#Z\Q } ]^h cAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q+cå_ab�cþZ#TAQ+bþZ#T�Q�h 6 h#Z\Q } ]^hcA[�]^�aQ+bC��]^Z#TCZ#TAQJh\Q+XVQ+S?Z\Q+cþZ\Q+h#Z!cg_vZ#_�Z\e e 5 h#Q`[#�aQJZ#TAQJe | Z\� | Z`N M�_ah\Q+cþefb�Z#TAQJe | Z\� | Z�Z#TAQS?ea[#[#Q+S?Z#b�Q+h#h�eaq�Z#TAQ3h 6 h\Z\Q } ]^h��aQ`[=]V��Q+c"N!OiT�]^h�Z\Q+S=T�b�]^� | Q Z\Q+b�c�h�Z\edq´esS | h } ea[#Q efb~Z#TAQ3] } ý�gXVQ } Q+bFZ#_vZ#]Vefbþeaq�Z#TAQ�h 6 h\Z\Q } _abgcþe­�aQ`[�XVe7eaush3Z#TAQ�_aS?Z | _aX 5 Q+Tg_+�s]Vea[ eaq�Z#T�Q�h 6 h#Z\Q } NåOiT�]^h��[#e 5 XVQ } S`_ab 5 Qme­�aQ`[�S?e } Q 576 | h#]^bAj { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb 5 _ah\Q+c�Z\Q+S=T�b�]^� | Q+h`N

µ

Page 12: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� h { 6 h\Z\Q } h 5 Q+S?e } Q S?e } �gX^Q?�¿]^Zm��]^X^X 5 Q | h#Q`q | X4]^q�_�cAQ+h#]VjfbAQ`[�S`_ab~[#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ�Z#TAQh 6 h\Z\Q } _vZ�T�]VjfTAQ`[�XVQ`�aQ+X�hmeaq�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z#]VefbìN3Ì¿ea[#us]^bAjd_vZtTg]VjfTAQ`[�XVQ`�aQ+X^h�eaq�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z#]VefbCjf]V�aQ+hZ#TAQ�cAQ+h#]Vjfb�Q`[YZ#TAQ�� e­��Q`[�Z\e�cAQ+h�]Vjfb _�h 6 h\Z\Q } ��]VZ#T¹]^b�S?e } �.XVQ`Z\Q�]^b�q´ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb"N { 6 h#Z\Q } ÇRQ`�aQ+Xh\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb�h���[#eÞ�7]�cAQ�Z#TAQ�cAQ+h#]VjfbAQ`[�Z#TAQ�S`_v�._ 5 ]^X^]VZ 6 Z\e¹��ea[#u�_vZ�T�]^jfTAQ`[�_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z#]VefbdX^Q`�aQ+X^h_ab�c�_aX^X^e­��h�Z#TAQ } Z\e�q´esS | h } ea[#Q�efb�Z#T�Q�ea[=]Vjf]^b�_aX�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+bFZ#h`N Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_sUg_ { 6 h\Z\Q } ÇRQ`�aQ+X��Q+h#]Vjfb�ÇR_abAj | _vjaQ�]^h | h\Q+cd]^bJZ#T�]^h�Z#T�Q+h#]^h`N O�TAQmZ\Q+h\Z�S`_ah#Q+h�_v[#Q�jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+cdq�[#e } Z#T�Qth\� Q+S`]V� ýS`_vZ#]Vefb�h�Q`�aQ+b 5 Q`q´ea[#Q�Z#TAQ�h 6 h\Z\Q } ]^h�] } �gX^Q } Q+bFZ\Q+cd_ab�cdefbgS?Q�Z#TAQ���[#esc | S?Z�]�h�cAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q+cÿ]VZ#h] } �.XVQ } Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb�S`_ab 5 Q��¯_aX�]^c�_vZ\Q+c�_vjf_a]^bgh\Z�Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h��g[#Q`�7]^e | h#X 6 c�Q`�aQ+XVea� Q+c"N

,.-76 ' ���"�78��� �����

OiTAQ } _a]^b�� | [���efh#Q�eaq Z\Q+h\Z#]�bAj¹]�h�Z\eJ[#Q+c | S?Q�[�]�h\u.N Æ Q+c | S`]^bAj Z#TAQ![�]^h\uJeaq | h#]^bAj¹_���[�eaja[�_ }_aX^h\e:]^b�S?[#Q+_ah\Q+h�e | [�S?efbA�.cAQ+b�S?Q�Z#T�_vZ Z#TAQdcAQ`�aQ+X^ea��Q+cè��[#esc | S?Z ��]^X�XY� Q`[#q�ea[ } _ah ]^b�Z\Q+b�cAQ+c"NO¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj!]^hYZ 6 �g]^S`_aX^X 6 c�efbAQ 576 S=TAe�efh�]^bAj�Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h#Z�S`_ah#Q+h�_ab�c¹Q?�7Q+S | Z#]�bAj�Z#T�Q�] } �gXVQ } Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefbefb§Z#TAQ Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h�Z\eèc�Q`Z\Q`[ } ]^bAQÿZ#TAQ¿S?ea[#[#Q+S?Z#b�Q+h#hJeaqtZ#TAQ ��[�e7c | S?Z`NpO 6 �g]^S`_aX^X 6 Z#TAQ Z\Q+h\ZS`_ah\Q+h�_v[#Q c�Q`�aQ+XVea� Q+c¿Z\edZ#_v[#jaQ`Z!_��._v[#Z#]^S | X^_v[mq | b�S?Z#]^efb�_aX^]VZ 6 eaq�Z#TAQ ��[#eaja[�_ } _ab�c~Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\ZS`_ah\Q+h h#T�e | X^c 5 QJ]^b�h#Z#_abFZ#]^_vZ\Q+c���]^Z#TC�v_aX | Q+h�Z\e¿_aS?Z | _aX^X 6 e 5 h\Q`[#�aQJZ#TAQJe | Z\� | Z�c�_vZ#_sN:OiT�]^h��[#esS?Q+h#h�]^h��aQ`[ 6 Z\Q+c�]Ve | h�_ab�c�[�Q`��Q`Z#]^Z#]Ve | h`N�ORe3Q:9 Q+S?Z#]V�aQ+X 6 Z\Q+h#Z�_3�g[#e7c | S?Z`UAZ#TAQ`[#Qth�TAe | X^c 5 Q_���_ 6 Z\e3_ | Z\e } _vZ\QmZ\Q+h\Zic�_vZ#_!jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ#]Vefb"N � b � | Z\e } _vZ#]^S�ORQ+h\Z�o�_ah\Qt��Q+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[�]�h�_�Z\e7efXZ#T�_vZ!_ | Z\e } _vZ#]^S`_aX�X 6 jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h!Z\Q+h\Z!c�_vZ#_sN � | Z\e } _vZ#]^bAjÿZ\Q+h\Z!c�_vZ#_djaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ#]VefbþT�_ah } _ab 6_acA�v_abFZ#_vjaQ+h+N!��ea[�Q?�s_ } �gXVQ ]Vq Z#T�Q | b�cAQ`[�X 6 ]^bAj ] } �gXVQ } Q+bFZ#_vZ#]Vefb S=T�_abAjaQ+h�q�ea[�h\e } Q![#Q+_ah#efb"UZ#TAQ+b¹Z#TAQ���TAefXVQ���[#esS?Q+h#h�eaqìjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]�bAj!Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h } | h\Z 5 Q�[#Q`� Q+_vZ\Q+c"N�M | Z�]Vq"Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Z�c�_vZ#_jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]^efb�]^h�_ | Z\e } _vZ\Q+c�Z#TAQ+bJZ#T�Q�c�Q`�aQ+XVea� Q`[�S`_ab�h�] } �gX 6 _v���.X 6 Z#TAQm_ | Z\e } _vZ#]�S�Z\Q+h\Z�c�_vZ#_

y

Page 13: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[ _ab�cCjaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q�bAQ`�ÓZ\Q+h\Z3S`_ah\Q+h`N~O�T�]^h���eaZ\Q+b�Z#]^_aX^X 6 [#Q+c | S?Q+h�Z#TAQ�S?efh\Z!eaq�Z\Q+h#Z#]^bAj} _ab�]^q´efX^cìN

,.-<; = �"�1>@?#�Y� 0 � ���� �ü� ���

O¶e 5 QiQ:9 Q+S?Z#]V�aQaUA_ab � | Z\e } _vZ#]^S�ORQ+h#Z�o�_ah\Qm��Q+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[�h#TAe | X^c 5 Q�_ 5 XVQ�Z\etjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q�Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Zc�_vZ#_3]�b�_ q�ea[ } _vZiZ#T�_vZ�]^hi]^b�c�Q`��Q+bgcAQ+bFZ�eaq4_ab 6 X^_ab�j | _vjaQtea[�_ab 6 h#] } | X^_vZ#]VefbJQ+b��s]V[#efb } Q+b�Z`NOiTAQ`[�Q�_v[�Q } _ab 6 _ | Z\e } _vZ#]�S�Z\Q+h\Z c�_vZ#_�jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\ea[�h ]�b ]^b�c | h#Z\[ 6 U 5 | Z } efh\Z4eaq�Z#TAQ+h\Q�jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\QZ\Q+h\Z�c�_vZ#_�h\� Q+S`]V�.S�Z\e _ �g_v[�Z#]^S | X^_v[�h�] } | X^_vZ#]VefbJQ+b��7]V[�efb } Q+b�Z`N�OiTg]^h�Z#TAQ+h#]^h 5 | ]^X�c�h�efb�Q?�A]^h\Z ý]^bAjJZ\Q+h\Z�S`_ah#Q3jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[+U���Q+h#]Vjfb É4Q`[�]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb~O¶Q+h\Z���Q+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[¹�H��É�O����=N¶��É�O�� Z#_vuaQ+ht_Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_�h\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb _ah ]^b�� | Z4_ab�c3jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+h Z\Q+h#Z �aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_sN OiT�]�h4X^] } ]VZ#h/_ | h\Q`[| bAqH_ } ]^X�]^_v[���]^Z#T Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�q�[#e } | h�]^bAj¹Z#TAQ!Z\e�efX�N!OiT�]�h�_aX�h\eJq´ea[�S?Q+h�Z\edS�T�_ab�jaQ Z#TAQ Q?�s]�h\Z#]^bAjZ\e7efX���TAQ+b�Q`�aQ`[t��Q3��_ab�ZtZ\edZ\Q+h\Z�_�bAQ`�æ] } �.XVQ } Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb"N3wxZt]^h } ea[#Q | h\Q`q | X/q�ea[tZ#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Zc�_vZ#_djaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[!Z\edjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q Z\Q+h\Z!S`_ah\Q+h���T�]^S=T~_v[#Q¹]^b�cAQ`� Q+b�cAQ+b�Z�eaqi_ab 6 Z\Q+h#Z#]^bAjdQ+b��s]V[#efb ý} Q+b�Z`NiOiT�]^h�Z#T�Q+h#]^h�]�hi_abdQ:9 ea[#Z�]^bFZ\e } _vus]^bAj3��É�O��æjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�]�bd_�X�_abAj | _vjaQ]^b�c�Q`��Q+bgcAQ+bFZ�q�ea[ } _vZ`N

,.-BA = �"� 1 �����DC 0 �1?=��� �����

��]V�aQ+b Z#TAQC]^bgTAQ`[#Q+b�Z��gQ?�s] 5 ]^X^]VZ 6 _ab�c c�_vZ#_ ý b�Q | Z\[�_aX^]VZ 6 eaq!W��7Z\Q+bgh#] 5 XVQ~��_v[#u | � ÇR_ab�j | _vjaQ� Ï �dÇ/�E� º2��Ua_v���.X 6 ]�bAj�]VZìZ\e�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�_ab�ctZ\Q+h\Z/[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Zì[#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ#_vZ#]^efb�T�Q+XV�ghìh#] } �gX^]Vq 6Z\[�_ab�h#q´ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb~eaqiZ\Q+h#Zt�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h ]^b�Z\edeaZ#T�Q`[�q�ea[ } _vZ#h`N Ï ��ǧ_aX^XVe­��h�_�cAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q`[���ea[#us]^bAj��]VZ#T:_ | Z\e } _vZ#]^S�Z\Q+h\Z!S`_ah\Q jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\ea[�h�Z\eÿc�Q`�gbAQ3Z#_vjfh�Z#T�_vZ�jf]V�aQ+h�]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb~_ 5 e | Z�Z#TAQc�_vZ#_�Q }�5 Q+cgcAQ+c���]VZ#T�]^btZ#TAQ } N � ��esS | } Q+b�Z�O 6 � Q���Q`�gb�]^Z#]VefbR�H��Oi���E� º��A]�h�c�Q`�gbAQ+c�_ah/�g_v[#Z

¸

Page 14: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

eaq4Z#T�]^h�Z#TAQ+h#]^h�q´ea[�[#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ#]�bAj3Z#TAQ!_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`N�O�T�]^h���Oi�p��[#e­�s]^cAQ+h�Z#TAQt[ | XVQ+hZ#T�_vZ�cAQ`�gbAQ Z#TAQ Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#ht_ab�c:h\Z\[ | S?Z | [#Q3eaq�Z#TAQ�bAQ`� } _v[#u | �CX�_abAj | _vjaQaNJw Z�_aX^h\edh\Q`[��aQ+h_ah�Z#TAQmj | ]^cAQ+X^]^b�Q�q�ea[ieaZ#TAQ`[�cAQ`�aQ+X^ea��Q`[=h�Z\e3]^bFZ\Q`[�q�_aS?Q���]VZ#T¹Z#TAQ�_v���gX^]�S`_vZ#]Vefb"N4OiTAQ���[#esS?Q+h#h�eaqjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]�bAj�Z#T�Q�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z/Z\Q+h\Z/�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h4]^b Ï ��ÇJq�ea[ } _vZ4_ab�c�Z#TAQ�h | 5 h\Q+� | Q+b�Z¶Z\[�_abgh\q´ea[ } _vZ#]VefbZ\e�Ì � É�W { _abgc¿_ab~]^bA� | Z�q�ea[ } _vZmq�ea[th#] } | X^_vZ#]�bAj � ÇsOiW Æ �æ} escAQ+X^hm]�hmh#TAe­��b¿]^b ��]^j | [#Qµ N µ

SpecificationRosetta

GeneratorTest Vector Abstract Test

vectors in XML

XSLT DOM

WAVES formatInput Test format for simulating

ALTERA models

�/]Vj | [#Q µ N µ Í �/XVe­� eaq/jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ#]Vefb�eaq�Z\Q+h\Zi�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h

OiTAQ�h 6 h\Z\Q } Z\e 5 QYZ\Q+h#Z\Q+c3]^h/h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c�]^b Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_sN�O�TAQYZ\Q+h#Z4�aQ+S?Z\ea[�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[�Z#_vuaQ+hZ#T�]^h�h\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]VefbJ_ab�cJjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h�Z#TAQm_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�]^b Ï �dÇ N�OiTAQ+h\Qm_ 5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�_v[#Q�q | [#Z#TAQ`[4Z\[�_abgh\q´ea[ } Q+c3]^b�Z\e�S?efb�S?[#Q`Z\Q�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`N � b Ï { ÇsOmUf_mZ\[�_abgh\q´ea[ } _vZ#]Vefbh#TAQ`Q`Z`UA]^h�cAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q+c¹Z\e!S?efbF�aQ`[#Zi_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b Ï ��Ç Z\e!Ì � É�W { U7Z#TAQ�]^bA� | Z Z\Q+h\Zc�_vZ#_�q�ea[ } _vZ/q´ea[4h#] } | X�_vZ#]^bAj�É�Î���Çd] } �gXVQ } Q+bFZ#_vZ#]Vefbgh`N¶��½m� Z#T�_vZ4h\Z\ea[#Q+h/Z#TAQ��g_v[�h#Q+c Ï ��Ç_ah!_abè½ 5 Ñ\Q+S?Z�O¶[#Q`QJ]^h | h\Q+cCZ\eÿZ\[�_ab�h#q´ea[ } Z#TAQ Ï ��Ç _ 5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z�Z\Q+h#Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h ]^bFZ\e _ÿ]^bA� | Zq�ea[ } _vZiq�ea[�h#] } | X^_vZ#]�bAj } e7cAQ+X�h�cAQ+h#]VjfbAQ+c | h#]^bAj � Ç7O�W Æ � � ��Ï � Ƕn { w#w=N

º

Page 15: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

,.-7F G ��0�i� �IH4��"�#��� ��)C�KJ!��� �#�

LNM�O/PRQBS:TVU ��[#eÞ�7]�cAQ+h�_ab ]^b�Z\[#esc | S?Z#]Vefb§Z\e Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_sUt_ { 6 h#Z\Q } ÇìQ`�aQ+X���Q+h�]Vjfb ÇR_ab�j | _vjaQ� { Ƕ��Ç/��� Ô ��N!w Zmjf]V�aQ+ht_ab¿]^b�h#]VjfT�Z�]^bFZ\e�T�e­� Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_���[#eÞ�7]�cAQ+h�_�cAQ+S`X^_v[�_vZ#]V�aQ3h#��Q+S`]^�gS`_vZ#]VefbS`_v�g_ 5 ]�X^]VZ 6 N � 5 [�]VQ`q"]^b�Z\[#esc | S?Z#]Vefb Z\e Ï ��Ç¿]^h�_aX^h\e!��[#eÞ�7]^c�Q+c�]^b Z#T�]^h�S�T�_v�gZ\Q`[+N � c�c�]VZ#]Vefbg_aX^X 6Z#TAQ�c�]�9�Q`[#Q+b�Z�q�Q+_vZ | [#Q+h�eaq Ï ��Ç~Z#Tg_vZi�YQ`[�Q | h\Q+c�]^b¹Z#T�]�h�Z#TAQ+h#]^h�_v[#Q�c�]^h#S | h�h\Q+cJ]^b¹Z#T�]^h�S�Tg_v� ýZ\Q`[+N~OiT�Q¹��Oi��U/Z#TAQ¹Z\Q } �gX^_vZ\QJZ#T�_vZ cAQ`�gb�Q+htZ#TAQ } _v[�u | ��q�ea[ Ï ��Ç ]^h!bAQ?�7Z!]^b�Z\[#esc | S?Q+c"N� | [�Z#TAQ`[ } ea[#Q�Z#T�]^h�S�Tg_v��Z\Q`[�jf]V�aQ+h�_ab¹]�bFZ\[#esc | S?Z#]^efb3Z\e Ï { Ç7O�N7��]W9 Q`[#Q+b�ZYq�ea[ } _vZ#h�q�ea[�Z\Q+h#Z#]^bAjQ+b��7]V[�efb } Q+b�Z#hih | S=T�_ahiÌ � É�W { _v[#Qt_aX^h\e3c�Q+h#S?[�] 5 Q+cJ]^bJZ#T�]^h�S=T�_v��Z\Q`[+NLNM�O/PRQBS:TYX ]�bFZ\[#esc | S?Q+h3Z#TAQ���É�O��Z\e�efX�U���T�]^S�T�_ | Z\e } _vZ#]^S`_aX^X 6 jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+hJ_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z Z\Q+h\Z�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_sN LNM�OZP[QBS:T�\ c�Q+h#S?[�] 5 Q+h�Z#TAQ�] } �gXVQ } Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb¿]^h#h | Q+hm]^b Z#T�]^h�Z#TAQ+h#]^h`N wxZc�]^h�S | h#h\Q+h4Z#T�Q�c�]W9 Q`[#Q+b�Z q�Q+_vZ | [#Q+hYeaq Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�Z#T�_vZYZ#T�]^hY] } �gXVQ } Q+bFZ#_vZ#]Vefb h | ��� ea[#Z#h+N LNM�O/PRQBS:T] cAQ } efb�h#Z\[�_vZ\Q+hYT�e­�èZ#TAQ�Z\Q+h\ZYS`_ah\Q+h q´ea[YQ?�s_ } �gXVQ+h�X^]^uaQ { S�T } ]^cAZ�O¶[�]VjajaQ`[+U � X^_v[ } o�XVesS#u _v[#QjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+cÿ]^b Ï ��Ç�Ug_ab�cdZ#TAQ�Z\[�_abgh#]VZ#]VefbJZ\e¹_�S?ea[#[#Q+h#��efbgc�]^bAj!Ì � É�W { q´ea[ } _vZ`N LNM�OZP[QBS:T$^h | }�} _v[�]V¾`Q+h Z#T�]^h�Z#T�Q+h#]^h���ea[#u3_ab�c ��[#ea� efh\Q+h q | Z | [#Qi��ea[#u Z#T�_vZ } _ 6�5 Q�cAefbAQ�]�b3Z#T�]^h ��Q+X^c"N

¼

Page 16: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� ��� �"!$#&% _

` � +ba øÊú � ù � )

�-5 [=]VQ`q4]^bFZ\[�e7c | S?Z#]Vefb�Z\e Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_sUì_ { 6 h\Z\Q } ÇìQ`�aQ+X/��Q+h#]VjfbÿÇR_ab�j | _vjaQ _ab�c�T�e­�-]VZ�S`_ab 5 Q| h\Q+c:Z\e h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 S?e } �.XVQ?�Ch 6 h\Z\Q } h!]^bC_ab�_ 5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z } _abgbAQ`[�]�h���[#eÞ�7]�cAQ+c:]�b~Z#T�]^h�S�T�_v�gZ\Q`[+N� bd_ | Z\e } _vZ#]�S�Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\QtjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\ea[+U��iÉ�O��!U.]^hi_aX�h\e 5 [�]^Qc� 6 Q?�s�gX^_a]^b�Q+c�]^bJZ#T�]^h�S�T�_v��Z\Q`[­N �5 [�]^Q`qie­�aQ`[#�s]VQ`�ûeaq Ï �dÇ�_ab�cþZ#TAQ�cAQ`Z#_a]�X^h!eaq Ï { ÇsOÓZ#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q | h#Q+cþq´ea[ Z\[�_abgh\q´ea[ } ]^bAjÏ �dÇþcAesS | } Q+b�Z#h�_v[�Qt��[#eÞ�7]�cAQ+c�TAQ`[#QaNi��esS | } Q+b�Zm½ 5 ÑÒQ+S?Z���escAQ+X��H�m½��ÿ�iZ#T�_vZ�]�h | h\Q+cdZ\eh\Z\ea[#Qm_��g_v[�h#Q+c Ï �dÇCcAe7S | } Q+bFZ�]^b¹_�e 5 ÑÒQ+S?Z�O¶[#Q`Q Æ Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ#_vZ#]^efb�]^hY_aX�h\e c�]^h#S | h�h\Q+c"N/OiT�]^hS�Tg_v��Z\Q`[ _aX^h\e T�]VjfT�X^]^jfTFZ#htZ#TAQ¹cg]W9�Q`[�Q+bFZ�q´ea[ } _vZ#h�q�ea[!Z\Q+h\Z#]^bAjÿQ+b��7]V[�efb } Q+b�Z#h`NdÌ � É�W { ]^h�_wÒW W W�h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]VefbJq�ea[iZ\Q+h\Z#]^b�j3É�Î���ÇCh 6 h\Z\Q } h+N � ÇsOiW Æ � � ��Ï�Ð � Ƕn { w�w ��[#eÞ�7]�cAQ+h�_abQ+b��7]V[�efb } Q+b�Z�q�ea[ h#] } | X^_vZ#]^bAjÿ_ } e7c�Q+X�NÿO�TAQ¹]�bA� | Z�q´ea[ } _vZ�q�ea[ � ÇsOiW Æ � �Ph h#] } | X^_vZ\ea[!]^h_aX^h\e3cg]^h#S | h#h#Q+c�]^bJZ#T�]^h�S=T�_v��Z\Q`[+N

Ô

Page 17: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

dfehg�i�jlk�gnm4oqp�r�jfs�j�tup2v�vhi4txwcpny�z�{hj|s2}f~h�2jfe�vhi�����p�y�tfi�e����~2{hj4z�{fj|s2}|e���{ui"����~�{fj �Rp5jR��p�k

�f� �4~|g�e�� rhifg4��e�t|e2j�p2~2y�k �4��������[p�j���ui4vupny�k5jfe�jfi�s��ue|k2i4r�f� d|p�t�k5j zfthi�g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2y ���zfthi[����wcpny�z�{hj|s2}f~h�2j|e�vhi��b�E�<�u��e�yfr�wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i �b�D�<����f� d|p�t�k5j zu~|k5j�g2~2yfrup�jup�~�y �4�zu~|k5jR�N�Yp�d�wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i �����<���

j4mui�y�w<� �7¡h�u�ih�|k�i�p2d�w:p�y�z�{fjfs�}f~���jfe4vhi�� ¢ �£���

j�mui2y�w<�¤�<¡R�4�i��|k2i¥w<�¤�<¡����

i2y|r�p�dE�i2yfr¦dfehg�i4j�k�g�m�oqp�r�j|s2j�tup2v�v�i4t

��]^j | [#Qty7N µ Í�{ S�T } ]�cAZ�OR[�]^jajaQ`[ { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb

6§-/, ,-���.�/�.�� 0�1 � ���\23�4�� �����&(�i��0��!¨0��

� h h 6 h#Z\Q } h 5 Q+S?e } Q�]^b�S?[#Q+_ah�]^bAjfX 6 S?e } �gXVQ?�:Z#T�QJb�Q`Q+cþZ\e¿Q?�7��[�Q+h#h!Z#TAQ } _vZ3T�]VjfT�Q`[!X^Q`�aQ+X^heaq�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z#]Vefbå]^bgS?[#Q+_ah\Q+h`N Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_©�PÈ�����[�e­�s]^cAQ+h!_abþ_ 5 ]^X^]VZ 6 Z\e¿[#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ!_¿h 6 h\Z\Q } _vZ3_T�]VjfT�Q`[�X^Q`�aQ+X"eaq�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z#]Vefb"N�O�T�]^h�X^_abAj | _vjaQ�_aX�XVe­��h�Z#T�Q�cAQ+h#]VjfbAQ`[�Z\e3h#��Q+S`]^q 6 c�Q`Z#_a]^X^h�_ 5 e | ZZ#TAQ�h 6 h\Z\Q } Z#T�_vZ�eaZ#TAQ`[iT�_v[�cA��_v[#Q�cAQ+h#S?[�]V�gZ#]Vefb�X^_ab�j | _vjaQ+h } _ 6 bAeaZ���[#e­�s]^cAQaN4OiTg]^h ]^bgS`X | cAQ+hS`_v�g_ 5 ]�X^]VZ#]VQ+h4X^]^uaQiQ?�7�g[#Q+h#h#]^b�j�S?efb�h\Z\[�_a]^b�Z#h�efb Z#TAQ�h 6 h\Z\Q } _ab�c3S?[�efh#h#]^bAj�cAe } _a]^b 5 e | bgc�_v[�]VQ+h`N��Q`�aQ+XVea� Q+c�q�[#e } Z#TAQYS?efb�S?Q`��Z#h¶eaq7q�ea[ } _aXf�aQ`[�]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefbt_ab�cmq | b�S?Z#]Vefb�_aXv�g[#eaja[�_ }3} ]�bAj��Yea[=X^c�h`U]VZ3_aX^X^e­��h Z#T�Q�cAQ+h#]VjfbAQ`[=h Z\eCcAQ`�aQ+XVea�¤_ab�cè]^b�Z\Q`ja[�_vZ\Q�h#��Q+S`]^�gS`_vZ#]Vefb�h!q�[#e } } | XVZ#]V�.XVQ¹c�Q+h#]VjfbcAe } _a]�b�h`N OiTAQ�q�ea[ } _vZ¹eaq�_ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb¤S`_ab 5 Q�Q+_ah#]�X 6 | b�cAQ`[�h#Z\e�escå��]VZ#T¤_abQ?�A_ } �gXVQaN��/]Vj | [�Q�y7N µ ��[#Q+h#Q+bFZ#h�Z#T�Qth\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]VefbJeaq4h#S=T } ]^c�Z�Z\[=]VjajaQ`[+N

ª O4«/ScQ ]�h Z#TAQ 5 _ah�]^S | b�]VZ!eaq�h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb�]^b Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_sN§OiTAQ­¬4® � O�¯±° cAQ`�gbAQ+h!Q`� ýQ`[ 6 Z#T�]^bAj�q�[#e }ç5 _ah#]^S3h\Q } _abFZ#]^S | b�]VZmeaq�_ab 6 Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_ÿh\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb Z#TA[�e | jfTCh 6 h\Z\Q } h�_ab�cS?e } � efbAQ+b�Z#h`N�W _aS=T³² O�«/S´Q cAQ`�gbAQ+h�_3�g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[�_ah\� Q+S?Zieaq�_�S?e } � efbAQ+bFZ�ea[�h 6 h\Z\Q } q´[�e } _

È

Page 18: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

�g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[���Q`[=h\� Q+S?Z#]V�aQaN�O�TAQ1² O�«ZScQ uaQ 6 ��ea[�c } _v[#ush�Z#T�Q 5 Q`jf]^bgb�]^bAj eaq�_ab 6 Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�h\� Q+S ý]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb"Nþw Z�]�h!q´efX^X^e­��Q+c 5�6 _abåea��Z#]^efb�_aX��g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�X^]^h\Z!Z#T�_vZ ]^cAQ+b�Z#]V��Q+h!Z#TAQ�]^b�� | Z _ab�ce | Z\� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+h�eaq�Z#TAQ�h\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb"N:O�TAQ�h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefbå]^b���j | [#Q�y7N µ cAQ`�gbAQ+h _ qH_aS?Q`Zh#S=T } ]^cAZ Z\[�]VjajaQ`[���]VZ#TÿZ#TAQ3]^b�Z\Q`[#q�_aS?Q3]^Z\Q } h ¯±°2P � Q µ ®�¶ Q�O´·�S _ab�c�® � Q¸P � Q µ�O ¶ � S N � X^X Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_�g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�hY_v[�Q�cAQ+S`X^_v[�Q+c | h�]^bAjmZ#TAQ�bAeaZ#_vZ#]Vefb �4¹º¹£» U���TAQ`[#Q���]�h _��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ�_ab�c O�]^hY_tZ 6 � QaNOiTAQ¹h#S?ea� Q eaq�Z#TAQ �._v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h!Q?�sZ\Q+b�c�h�Z#TA[#e | jfT�e | Z�Z#T�Q qH_aS?Q`Z`N¿��_v[=_ } Q`Z\Q`[3cAQ+S`X^_v[�_vZ#]^efb�hT�_­�aQ�_abÿea��Z#]Vefbg_aX } escAQaN��de7c�Q ¯º° ]^b�c�]^S`_vZ\Q+h�Z#T�_vZ�Z#TAQ��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQt]^h�_ab�]^b�� | Zi�v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Qt_ab�c® � Q ]^b�c�]�S`_vZ\Q+h�Z#T�_vZiZ#TAQm�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQm]^hi_ab�e | Z\� | Z��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQaN

OiTAQJcAQ+S`X^_v[=_vZ#]Vefbþeaq�XVesS`_aX��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ+h�q�efX^XVe­��h�Z#T�Q¹�._v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�cAQ+S`X�_v[�_vZ#]Vefb"N~wÒb�Z#TAQh#S=T } ]^cAZ�Z\[�]VjajaQ`[Yh\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb½¼�]^h4c�Q+S`X^_v[#Q+c�Z\e 5 Q�eaq.Z 6 � Q¾¼ ¯¿Q _ab�c ]^h��s]^h#] 5 XVQ eÞ�aQ`[ Z#TAQ�Q+b�Z#]V[#QqH_aS?Q`Z`N OiTAQ�c�Q+S`X^_v[�_vZ#]Vefb�h�S`_ab¹_aX^h\e 5 QiQ?�s� ea[#Z\Q+c Z\e�eaZ#TAQ`[�qH_aS?Q`Z#h | h#]^bAj�Z#T�Q S � P ® T:Q uaQ 6 �Yea[=c"NÆ Q`q�Q`[#Q+b�S`]�bAj�Z#T�Q¹�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+hte | Z#h#]^cAQ¹Z#TAQ¹q�_aS?Q`Z [#Q+� | ]V[�Q+htZ#TAQJqH_aS?Q`Z3b�_ } QJ_ah!Z#TAQ�� | _aX^]V��Q`[+ŅTAQ+bå[#Q`q�Q`[#Q+b�S?Q+cè]�bþZ#TAQ�qH_aS?Q`Z 5 e7c 6 _aX^X�Z#TAQ��._v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h _ab�cþ�¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ+h _v[#Qd[#Q`q´Q`[�Q+b�S?Q+c��]VZ#T�e | Z3_ab 6 cAQ+S?ea[�_vZ#]^efb"N¤�Aea[ Q?�s_ } �gXVQ�]^bþZ#TAQ�_ 5 eÞ�aQ�h#S=T } ]^c�Z�Z\[=]VjajaQ`[ h\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefbå]^b��j | [�Qæy7N µ Z#TAQm�v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q$¼t]^h�[�Q`q´Q`[#[�Q+cJZ\e�_ahÁÀ «:M � ¯ ¬ Q Q¿T/¯�·n·�S:Tc ¼�e | Z#h#]�cAQ�Z#TAQ�qH_aS?Q`Z`N

OiTAQmh\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb 5 esc 6 ]�hYea� Q+bAQ+c 576 Z#T�Qü S�·�¯±° uaQ 6 ��ea[�c�Z#Tg_vZi]^h�q´efX^X^e­��Q+c 5�6 Z#TAQh\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efbtcAe } _a]�b"N¶OiT�QYcAe } _a]�b�Q?�sZ\Q+b�c�h¶Z#TAQ 5 _ah#QYcAQ`�gbg]VZ#]Vefb�h\Q } _abFZ#]^S`h 576 _ac�c�]^b�jibAQ`�cAQ`�gbg]VZ#]Vefb�h�h\� Q+S`]V�gS�Z\ed_�c�Q+h#]Vjfb cAe } _a]^bìN!O�TAQ _ 5 eÞ�aQ�Q?�A_ } �gXVQ | h#Q+h�À Q�O2QBS ¼ O À S ¬~c�e } _a]^bZ#T�_vZm��[�e­�s]^cAQ+h�Z#TAQ 5 _ah�]^S!h\Q } _ab�Z#]^S`hmeaq�h\Z#_vZ\QaN { e } Q!eaq�Z#TAQ Q?�A]^h\Z#]^bAj�cAe } _a]^b�hm]^b Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#__v[#QÃÀ Q�O2QBS ¼ O À S ¬5Ĩ¶�® ·2¯Å« ÄRÆ °|¯¿QBS À Q�O�QBS Q`Z#SvN��/]Vj | [#Q�y7N·y h#TAeÞ��h�Z#T�Q�c�]�9�Q`[#Q+b�Z�cAe } _a]^b�h�c�Q`�gbAQ+cq�ea[�S?efb�h\Z\[�_a]�bFZ�_abgcJ[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z } escAQ+X^]^bAjAN

Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_�]^h _tcAQ+h#S?[=]V��Z#]V�aQih\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb3X^_abAj | _vjaQaN � X^X�Z#TAQ�Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�h�]^b3Z#TAQ�h\� Q+S ý]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb~_v[#Q 5 e7efXVQ+_ab¿Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�h`N�O�TAQY¬�® � O�¯º° ]^htq´efX^X^e­��Q+c 5�6 _�h\Q`Z�eaq�Z\Q`[ } h+N » S:T � À

Ö

Page 19: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Logic

state_based Continuous-time

infinite-statefinite-state

Discrete-time

��]^j | [#Qty7N·y Í ��e } _a]�b�hi_ab�c�wÒb�Z\Q`[�_aS?Z#]Vefb�h

cAQ`�gb�Q Z#TAQ 5 Q+T�_+�s]Vea[ } e7cAQ+X^Q+c 5�6 Z#TAQ3qH_aS?Q`Z`N � Z\Q`[ } ]^h�[#Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z\Q+c | h�]^bAj�Z#TAQ�b�eaZ#_vZ#]Vefb¶ ¹ S � P�TIS À/À ¯ ® ° ��T�Q`[#Q�¶i]^htZ#TAQ X�_ 5 Q+XY_ah#h\esS`]^_vZ\Q+c:��]VZ#T~Z#T�Q Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb"N�ÇR_ 5 Q+X^h�T�_+�aQJbAeÿh\Q ý} _ab�Z#]^S } Q+_ab�]^b�j�eaq¶Z#TAQ+]V[�eÞ��b"U 5 | Z�S`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+cJZ\e [#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ�Z#TAQmQ?�s��[#Q+h�h#]VefbJh\� Q+S`]V��Q+c¹]^bZ#TAQ S?ea[#[#Q+h#��efbgc�]^bAj Z\Q`[ } N�O�TAQ 6 _v[#Q | h#Q+c�Z\eJ[#Q`q�Q`[mZ#TAQ!Z\Q`[ } ]^bÿeaZ#TAQ`[�c�Q`�gb�]VZ#]Vefbgh�_ah���Q+X^X_ahi��TAQ+bJZ#TAQ�Z\Q`[ } ]^h�Q?�7� ea[#Z\Q+cìN � X�X"h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb�h�Q+bgc���]VZ#T�_ Sc° ¬�S`X^_ | h#QaN

6§-76 Ç ��� �

��É�O�� jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+h�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�q�[#e } Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_èh\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb�h`NpOiTAQÿZ#_ah\uóeaqtjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ#]^bAjZ#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�]�h�c�]V�s]^cAQ+c�]�bFZ\e Z#TA[#Q`Qt�.T�_ah\Q+h ý jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]Vefb�eaq4Z\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^efh`UgjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ#]^bAjZ#TAQ3_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=htq�[#e } Z#TAQ3h#S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh�_ab�c~Z#TAQ | h\Q`[�h\� Q+S`]V�gQ+c�[�Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�_ab�cZ\[�_ab�h�X^_vZ#]^bAj!Z#TAQt_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?ZiZ\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]�bFZ\e�S?efbgS?[#Q`Z\QtZ\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`N

OiTAQ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_ �g_v[�h\Q`[iZ\[=_ab�h\q�ea[ } h�Z#TAQ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_ h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefbd_ab�c 5 | ]�X^c�h�_ Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_½ 5 Ñ\Q+S?Z��de7cAQ+X�U Æ ½m� � µ y5��N Æ ½m� ]^h!Z#TAQ�½ 5 Ñ\Q+S?Z3O¶[#Q`Q�[#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ#_vZ#]^efbåq´ea[ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_sN�wxZS?efb�Z#_a]^b�h�Z#TAQtÑ\_­�¯_ S`X^_ah#h#Q+h�q�ea[ _aX^XYZ#TAQ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_¿S?efb�h\Z\[ | S?Z#h`N � X^XYZ#TAQJ]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]VefbCZ#T�_vZ ]^h

Ë

Page 20: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

h\� Q+S`]V��Q+cd]^b�Z#TAQ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_¹h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefbd]^h�h\Z\ea[�Q+cd]^b Æ ½m�CN � b 6 Z\e�efX�S`_abdh#] } �gX 6 Z\[�_+�aQ`[�h#QÆ ½m� _ab�c�_aS`S?Q+h#h�_aX^X Z#TAQt]�bAq´ea[ } _vZ#]VefbJZ#T�_vZ�]�h�jf]V�aQ+b�]^b�_ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�h#��Q+S`]^�gS`_vZ#]Vefb"N

��É�O��ÓZ\[=_+�aQ`[�h\Q+h Æ ½m� _ab�c jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h�Z#TAQ Z\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh+N � Z\Q+h#Zth#S?Q+b�_v[�]^e�]^h�_h\Q`Zmeaq 5 e�efXVQ+_ab S?efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb�h�Z#T�_vZt_v[�Q3S?efb�h\Z\[�_a]^b�Z#h�efb¿Z#TAQ!�v_aX | Q+h�eaq�Z#TAQ3]^bA� | Z�_ab�c e | Z\� | Z�g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h`N4OiTAQ`[#Qi_v[�Q } _ab 6 h\Z\[�_vZ\Q`jf]^Q+h�Z#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q | h#Q+c!Z\e�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\QiZ#T�Q�Z\Q+h\Z h#S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh`N��É�O�� | h\Q+h } | XVZ#] ý S?efbgc�]VZ#]Vefb h\Z\[�_vZ\Q`j 6 Z\e!jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\QmZ#TAQ�Z\Q+h#Z�S`_ah#Q+h�q´ea[�XVeajf]^S`_aX�Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�h`NM�e | b�c�_v[ 6 Z\Q+h\Z#]�bAj3]^h | h#Q+cJq´ea[i[�Q+X^_vZ#]Vefb�_aX"Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb�h`N

��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h!_v[#Q jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+c�q´[#e } Z\Q+h\Z!h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^efh�_ab�cCZ#TAQ | h\Q`[�c�Q`�gbAQ+c[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+bFZ#h`N�O�TAQ�Z\Q+h#Zm[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�h#��Q+S`]^q 6 Z#T�Q�[=_abAjaQ!eaq �v_aX | Q+h�q´ea[�Z#TAQ S?efb�Z\[#efX/�v_v[�] ý_ 5 XVQ+h�_ab�c:X^] } ]VZ#h�Z#TAQ¹b | }�5 Q`[teaq�Z\Q+h\Z!S`_ah\Q+h!Z#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c"NÿOiTAQ _ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\ZS`_ah\Q+h�_v[�Q jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c~]^bÿZ#TAQ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�q�ea[ } _vZ`N � hm_J�._v[#Z�eaqYZ#T�]�h�Z#T�Q+h#]^h�Z#TAQ3_ 5 h\Z\[=_aS?ZmZ\Q+h\ZS`_ah\Q+h���]^X�X 5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c¿]^b Ï ��Ç�q´ea[ } _vZ`N�OiT�Q+h\Q�_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h#Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�hm_v[�Q�S?efb��aQ`[#Z\Q+c Z\eS?efb�S?[#Q`Z\Q�Z\Q+h\Zi�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^bJÌ � É�W { � µ z��Rq�ea[ } _vZ`N

6§-<; È �¿��É 0ÃÊ � ��� ���-� �§8����"��� �ü� ���-)+���Õ��Ë Ç (

OiTAQ!Ì~_­�aQ`q´ea[ } _ab�c É4Q+S?Z\ea[�W��sS=T�_abAjaQ { � Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb&� Ì � É�W { �.� µ z�����_ah�cAQ+h#]Vjfb�Q+c�Z\e 5 QZ#TAQ | bg]V��Q+c¹Z\Q+h\Z#]^bAj�Q+bF�s]V[#efb } Q+bFZ�q�ea[�h 6 h\Z\Q } hic�Q`�aQ+XVea� Q+c | h#]^b�j�É�Î���Ç NgOiTAQm�v_v[�]Ve | h | h\Q+heaq/Ì � É�W { ]^bgS`X | cAQ Í

µ N���Q`�gbg]^bAj Z#TAQmZ\Q+h\Z�h\Z#] } | X^]"]^bJZ#TAQmq�ea[ } eaq4c�]^jf]VZ#_aX���_­�aQ`q´ea[ } h�ea[iZ\Q+h#Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`N

y7N���Q`�gbg]^bAj Z#TAQm[#Q+h | XVZ#h�Z\e 5 Q�S?efX^XVQ+S?Z\Q+cìUg_ab�c

¸7N�o�efbFZ\[#efX�X^]^bAj~Z#T�Q�Q?�sQ+S | Z#]Vefb¤eaq�Z#TAQÿZ\Q+h\ZJh\Z#] } | X^]�_abgcèZ\eåS?efX^XVQ+S?ZJ_ab�cóS?e } �g_v[#QÿZ#TAQ[�Q+h | XVZ#h�_vq�Z\Q`[�Q?�sQ+S | Z#]^bAj�Z#TAQmÉ�Î���Ç:h�] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb"N

µ z

Page 21: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

WAVES

Data Set

VHDL

model

Stimulus

Test Bench

Monitor

Detected Errors

Response Expected

Response

��]^j | [#Qty7N·¸ Í Ì � É�W {�ý É�Î���Ç:O¶Q+h\Z�M�Q+b�S=Tÿo�efb���j | [�_vZ#]Vefb

Ì � É�W { h#Q`[#�aQ+h�_aht_JZ\Q+h#Z 5 Q+b�S�T q�ea[�É�Î���Ç�h�] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb"N�Ì � É�W { ]^hm_ab wÒW WYW h\Z#_abgc�_v[�c_ab�c3]�h�_aX^h\e�_�h | 5 h\Q`Z4eaq Z#TAQiÉ�Î���Çÿh\Z#_ab�cg_v[�c"N/OiT�]^h/q�ea[ } _vZ�j | _v[�_abFZ\Q`Q+h�S?efbAq�ea[ } ]VZ 6 _ } efbAj} | XVZ#]V�gX^Q�_v���gX�]^S`_vZ#]Vefb�h�_ab�cJQ+_ah 6 ]^b�Z\Q`ja[�_vZ#]Vefb���]VZ#T¹É�Î���Ç | b�]^Z#h | b�cAQ`[�Z\Q+h\Z`N Ì � É�W { Z\Q+h\Zh | ]^Z\Q�S?efb�h#]^h\Z#h3eaq�_~Ì � É�W { Z\Q+h\Z 5 Q+bgS�T"U�_ | h\Q`[ cAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q+cåÌ � É�W { cg_vZ#_Ch\Q`Z�_abgcåZ#TAQÉ�Î���Ç } escAQ+XìZ\e 5 QtZ\Q+h\Z\Q+cìN�O¶Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=hmS`_ab 5 Q�h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c���]^Z#T�Z#TAQ!TAQ+XV��eaq _3��[=]^b�S`]V�g_aXÌ � É�W { cg_vZ#_ah\Q`Z�Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ ý Z#T�QtW4�sZ\Q`[�b�_aX"�.XVQaN

�/]Vj | [#Qiy7N·¸�h#T�e­��h/Z#TAQ | h#_vjaQ�eaqgZ\Q+h\Z 5 Q+bgS�T!]^b!h#] } | X^_vZ#]VefbìNRwxZ/S?efbgh#]^h\Z#h/eaq _���_vZ#_th\Q`ZZ#T�_vZ�S?efbFZ#_a]�b�h�]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb _ 5 e | ZYZ#TAQ�]^bA� | Z _ab�c Z#TAQ�Q?�s� Q+S?Z\Q+c¹e | Z\� | Z��¯_aX | Q+h`N4OiTAQ�]^bA� | Z�v_aX | Q+h�_v[#Q!jf]V�aQ+bÿZ\eJZ#TAQ!É�Î���Ç } escAQ+X�N � O¶Q+h\ZmM�Q+b�S�T~�defb�]VZ\ea[mS?e } �g_v[�Q+h�Z#TAQ![#Q+h\� efb�h\Qq�[#e } Z#TAQmh#] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb¹Z\e Z#TAQ�Q?�s� Q+S?Z\Q+c�e | Z\� | Z�q�[#e } Z#TAQmÌ � É�W { c�_vZ#_ h#Q`Z`N�w Z�bAeaZ#]^��Q+h�Z#TAQQ`[#[#ea[!]Vq�Z#TAQ`[#Q¹_v[#QJ_ab 6 cg]W9�Q`[�Q+b�S?Q+h 5 Q`Z ��Q`Q+b�Q?�7� Q+S?Z\Q+c�e | Z\� | Z�_ab�cCZ#TAQ e | Z\� | Zte 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+cq�[#e } Z#TAQ�h#] } | X�_vZ#]Vefb"N

µaµ

Page 22: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

6§-BA �Ì?Ò��� �"' �æ%ÎÍ = (½Ï 0ÑÐRÐ

OiTAQ � XVZ\Q`[�_J� | X^Z#]V�gXVQ � [#[�_ 6 ��_vZ\[�] Ï � [#eaja[�_ }3} _ 5 XVQ!Çìeajf]^S!n�h\Q`[ { 6 h#Z\Q } ��� ��ÏmÐ �YÇRn {w#w#��� µ �i��[#e­�s]^cAQ+h!_ } | XVZ#] ý �gX�_vZ\q´ea[ } U�_v[�S�T�]^Z\Q+S?Z | [#Q ý ]^b�c�Q`��Q+bgcAQ+bFZ!cAQ+h#]^jfb:Q+b��s]V[#efb } Q+b�Z�Z#T�_vZQ+_ah#]^X 6 _ac�_v��Z#h�Z\emh\� Q+S`]V�gS�bAQ`Q+c�h`N�wxZ�]^h/_�q | X^X 6 ]^b�Z\Q`ja[�_vZ\Q+c!�g_aS�u¯_vjaQiq�ea[4S?[#Q+_vZ#]^bAjmXVeajf]�SYcAQ+h�]Vjfb�hq�ea[ � XVZ\Q`[�_�� [#eaja[�_ }3} _ 5 XVQiXVeajf]^Sic�Q`�7]^S?Q+h ý ]^b�S`X | c�]^bAj�Z#TAQ�o�X^_ah#h#]^SvU7� ��Ï ¼vzazazsUA� ��Ï È¯zazazsU� ��Ï ËvzazazsUs��ǶW Ï Ô zazazsUs��ǶW Ï Ö zazaz�_abgc ��ǶW Ï µ zar qH_ } ]^X^]^Q+h/eaq�cAQ`�s]^S?Q+h`N4OiTg]^h/h\eaq´Z ��_v[�Qe�9 Q`[�h�_�q | X^Xsh\� Q+S?Z\[ | } eaq XVeajf]^S�cAQ+h#]^jfb�S`_v�._ 5 ]^X^]VZ#]^Q+h ý _��v_v[�]VQ`Z 6 eaq cAQ+h#]^jfb!Q+bFZ\[ 6!} Q`Z#TAesc�h/q�ea[T�]VQ`[=_v[�S�T�]�_aX¶cAQ+h�]Vjfb�h`U"� e­��Q`[#q | X�XVeajf]^S!h 6 bFZ#TAQ+h�]^h`U"Z#] } ]�bAj ý cA[�]V�aQ+bÿS?e } �g]�X^_vZ#]Vefb"U �g_v[#Z#]^Z#]Vefb�]^bAjAUq | b�S?Z#]Vefb�_aX._ab�c¹Z#] } ]^b�jth#] } | X^_vZ#]VefbìU�X^]^b�uaQ+c } | XVZ#] ý cAQ`�s]^S?Q�h#] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb"UFZ#] } ] } j�_ab�_aX 6 h#]^h�_ab�c�aQ`[�]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb"NCwÒbè� ��Ï�Ð � Ƕn { w�wt_¿XVeajf]^SJcAQ+h#]^jfb"U ]^b�S`X | c�]^bAj�_aX^X�h | 5 cAQ+h#]Vjfbgh`U4]^h!S`_aX^XVQ+cå_P�T ®<Ò SI«´Q N � �g[#e¯ÑÒQ+S?ZYS?efb�h#]^h\Z#h eaq"_aX^XA�gXVQ+h4]�b Z#TAQ�cAQ+h�]Vjfb3T�]VQ`[=_v[�S�T 6 U�]^bgS`X | c�]^b�j�_ab�S`]�X^X^]^_v[ 6 ]^bA� | Z_ab�cCe | Z\� | Z��gXVQ+h`N�� ��Ï�Ð � Ƕn { w#w�� Q`[#q´ea[ } h�S?e } �g]�X^_vZ#]Vefb"U�h#] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb"U¶Z#] } ]^b�j�_ab�_aX 6 h#]^h_ab�c��g[#eaja[�_ }3} ]�bAj!efb�efbAQ���[�e¯ÑÒQ+S?Z�_vZ�_ Z#] } QaN

Ó�ÔÖÕEÔB× ØÚÙÜÛÃÝ�ÞÚØàßÃá�â�ã5äuå�æ�ç³ä|á4è�é åhê[æ�è�â�ë

� ��Ï�Ð � Ƕn { w#w/��[#eÞ�7]�cAQ+h Z#T�[#Q`Q�_v���.X^]^S`_vZ#]Vefb�h ý Z#TAQm� ��Ï�Ð � Ƕn { w#w { ] } | X^_vZ\ea[­UFZ#TAQ�Oi] } ý]^bAj � b�_aX 6 ¾`Q`[�_ab�c�Z#T�QtÌ~_+�aQ`q�ea[ } WYc�]VZ\ea[ ý Z\e¹T�Q+XV�dZ\Q+h\Z�Z#TAQ�XVeajf]^Smeaq�_¹S?e } �g]^X^Q+c���[#e¯Ñ\Q+S?Z`NOiTAQ { ] } | X�_vZ\ea[4Z\Q+h\Z#h4Z#TAQiXVeajf]�S`_aXsea��Q`[=_vZ#]Vefb3_ab�c ]^b�Z\Q`[�b�_aX7Z#] } ]^bAj�eaq._m�g[#e¯ÑÒQ+S?Z`U�_aX^XVe­��]^bAj�Z#TAQ| h\Q`[�Z\e } e7c�Q+X¶_¹S`]V[�S | ]^Z�cAQ+h#]Vjfb 5 Q`q´ea[�Q�]VZ�]^hi�g[#eaja[�_ }3} Q+cÿ]^b�Z\e¹_¹cAQ`�s]^S?QaN��Aea[�q | bgS?Z#]Vefb�_aX�UZ#] } ]�bAjdea[ } | XVZ#] ý �g[#e¯ÑÒQ+S?Z!h#] } | X^_vZ#]^efb�U�Z#T�Q¹�g[#e¯ÑÒQ+S?Z } | h\Z 5 Q¹S?e } �g]^XVQ+c�_ab�cþ_íì ¯ ��� ¶ O2Q ® Tî ScQ ¶ ¯ À Q ª ¯ ¶ Sðï£Â À ° ²´ñ¿h#TAe | X^c 5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+cìN OiTAQ { ] } | X^_vZ\ea[ | h#Q+h�_:ja[�_v�gT�]^S`_aXi��_­�aQ`q´ea[ }ì ¯ ��� ¶ O2Q ® T�LNM�O�°|°[S ¶Üª ¯ ¶ SYïò À « ²´ñ�ea[t_abíóÁì Lqô7ôVõuSI«nQ ® T ª ¯ ¶ SYïòÂöµ�SI« ñ _ahmZ#TAQ3h#e | [�S?Q eaq�]^bA� | Z

µ y

Page 23: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`NYw Z�]^h�Q+_ah 6 Z\e�S?[#Q+_vZ\Q�_ab�wxb�� | Z�É4Q+S?Z\ea[m��]�XVQ���T�]^S=TJjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h�_�NPh#S?q��gXVQaN

Ó�ÔÖÕEÔ±Ó ÷5ëDø ùxæ$æ2äuú�æ³û<âqá4ü ê[æ$û<âqáýú5èòü�ùEþBê[æ2èòëDÿVØÚÙÜÛ³Ý�ÞÚØ��"Ø��Úß�Ù�����÷2÷�ü�â�ä�þBú

� b � { o�w#w�Z\Q?�sZi�gXVQ ����]VZ#TJZ#TAQmQ?�sZ\Q+b�h#]^efb N»�aQ+S­��]^h | h\Q+c�_ahiZ#TAQm]^bA� | Z�q�ea[ih#] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb"Usq | b�S ýZ#]Vefb�_aXgZ\Q+h\Z#]^bAjAU7ea[ ��_+�aQ`q�ea[ } cAQ+h#]^jfb3Q+b�Z\[ 6 N { ] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb ]�h S`_v[#[�]^Q+c3e | Z 5 _ah\Q+c3efb�Z#TAQ��aQ+S?Z\ea[�gXVQ���Tg]^S�T�h\� Q+S`]V�gQ+h�Z#TAQ�]^bA� | Z�X^eajf]^SmXVQ`�aQ+X^h`N�O�TAQ+h\Q�]^bA� | Z�X^eajf]^SmXVQ`�aQ+X^hi_v[�QmZ#TAQ��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�Z#T�_vZcA[�]^�aQ�Z#TAQ�]^bA� | Z �g]�b�h _ab�cJcAQ`Z\Q`[ } ]^bAQ�Z#TAQ�]^bFZ\Q`[=b�_aX.X^eajf]^S�XVQ`�aQ+X^h�Z#TA[#e | jfT�e | ZYZ#T�Q���[�e¯ÑÒQ+S?Z`N�wxZ_aX^h\e�h#��Q+S`]^��Q+h�Z#TAQ�h\Z#_v[�Zt_ab�c¿h\Z\ea�:Z#] } Q+hmeaq�Z#TAQ3�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�_ab�c~_aX^h#e�Z#TAQ�]^b�Z\Q`[#�v_aX^hm_vZ���T�]�S�TZ#TAQ+h\Qt�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�S`_ab 5 Q�_v���gX^]VQ+cìN�OiTAQ { ] } | X^_vZ\ea[iS?[�Q+_vZ\Q+h�_abCNPh#S?q/�gXVQ 5 _ah\Q+c�efb�Z#TAQ N»�aQ+S��gXVQaNOiTAQ N»�aQ+St�gXVQmS`_ab 5 Q�S?[#Q+_vZ\Q+c | h#]^b�j!_ab 6 bAea[ } _aX Z\Q?�sZiQ+c�]^Z\ea[+N

6§-7F ��� Ð �����"� C3�!���"�#���¢� �î%�' (

� h�Z#TAQt_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�_v[�Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+cÿ]^b Ï �dÇ:Z#T�]^h�h\Q+S?Z#]^efb���[#eÞ�7]�cAQ+h�_ 5 [�]^Q`q¶]^b�Z\[#e ýc | S?Z#]^efb�Z\e Ï ��Ç�N Ï ��Ç�U¯Z#TAQ�W4�sZ\Q+b�h#] 5 X^QY�d_v[�u | ��ÇR_abAj | _vjaQaUF]^hR_�̧¸fo ý Q+b�cAea[�h\Q+c!h\Z#_abgc�_v[�cq�ea[ cAesS | } Q+b�Z } _v[#u | ���»Ë5��N/wxZ�cAQ`�gbAQ+h�_�jaQ+bAQ`[�_aX�h 6 b�Z#_¯� | h\Q+c Z\e } _v[�u | � c�_vZ#_m��]VZ#T h�] } �gXVQT | } _abþ[#Q+_ac�_ 5 XVQ�Z#_vjfh`Nè��_vZ#_C]^h ]�b�S`X | cAQ+c�]^b Ï �dÇ�cAesS | } Q+b�Z#h3_ah3h\Z\[�]�bAjfh!eaq�Z\Q?�sZ`U�_ab�cZ#TAQ!c�_vZ#_J]^h�h | [#[#e | b�cAQ+c 576 Z\Q?�sZ } _v[#u | �dZ#T�_vZmcAQ+h#S?[=] 5 Q+hiZ#TAQ!c�_vZ#_sN � �g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[ | b�]VZ�eaqc�_vZ#_ÿ_ab�c } _v[#u | �:]^h�S`_aX^XVQ+cC_ab S ¶ S � Sc°uQ NdOiTAQ Ï ��Ç h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]VefbCcAQ`�gbAQ+htZ#TAQ [ | XVQ+hmq�ea[Z#TAQ�h 6 b�Z#_¯� ý T�e­� Z#TAQ�cg_vZ#_¿]^h![#Q`��[#Q+h#Q+bFZ\Q+cè]�b:Z#_vjfh+U�T�e­� Z#TAQ�Z#_vjfh _v[#Q��gX^_aS?Q+cìUYTAeÞ� Z#TAQ_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+h�h�TAe | X^c 5 Q�cAQ`�gbAQ+cdq´ea[�_��._v[#Z#]^S | X^_v[�Z#_vj�_ab�cdh\e¹efb:N Ï �dÇå]^h�_ } Q`Z#_ ý } _v[#u | �X^_abAj | _vjaQaU/]^Z�cAe�Q+h�b��»Z�T�_­�aQ _d�A�7Q+c:h\Q`Z�eaq�Z#_vjfh`N�n�h\Q`[�h�S`_abCcAQ`�.bAQ3Z#TAQ+]V[te­��b:Z#_vjfh 5 _ah\Q+cefbÿZ#TAQ+]V[�_v���gX^]�S`_vZ#]Vefb"N�O�T�]^hi�g[#e­�s]^cAQ+h�_ X^eaZ�eaqD�gQ?�s] 5 ]^X^]VZ 6 q�ea[�h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb�h+N��Aea[m]^bgh\Z#_ab�S?Q

µ ¸

Page 24: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

_ S�T�Q } ]^h\Z�S`_ab | h\Q�Z#_vjfh�Z#Tg_vZicAQ+h#S?[�] 5 Q } efXVQ+S | XVQ+h+Us_vZ\e } h`U�_ab�cJeaZ#TAQ`[�[#Q+X^Q`�¯_ab�Z�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�]^bS�T�Q } ]^h\Z\[ 6 U"��T�]^XVQ�[#Q+_aX/Q+h\Z#_vZ\Q�_vjaQ+b�Z�S`_ab | h\Q!Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�Z#T�_vZ�cAQ+h�S?[�] 5 Q�_v���._v[#Z } Q+b�Z#h`Uì[#Q+b�Z#hQ`Z#SvN � Z\e7efX Z#T�_vZ�cAQ+_aX^ht��]VZ#T¿jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ#]VefbCeaq�Z\Q+h#Zt�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h!S`_ab | h\Q�]VZ�Z\e�cAQ`�.bAQ3Z#_vjfh�Z#T�_vZcAQ`�gb�Q��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`U S?efb�c�]VZ#]^efb�h`Ug_ab�cd�g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[=h`N�OiTAQ�jaQ+bAQ`[=]^Smq�ea[ } _vZ�eaq�_�Z#_vjajaQ+cÿ�¯_aX | QtS`_ab5 Qm[#Q`��[#Q+h#Q+bFZ\Q+c�_ah Í

��jfe4vh��rfe2j|eÜw/e�j�j�t�pn��{hjfiuk��ð� � jfe4vf�

� X^XRq�ea[ } h�eaq c�_vZ#_ } | h\Z 5 QtQ }�5 Q+cgcAQ+c�]�bdZ#_vjfh`N�O�TAe | jfT Ï ��Çå]^h1��Q?�s] 5 XVQ�]�b�Z#TAQ!Z 6 � Q�eaqQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�]VZ�_aX^X^e­��htZ\e 5 Q cAQ`�.bAQ+c"U¶]^Z } _ab�c�_vZ\Q+h�_�ja[�_ }3} _v[�q´ea[�Q`�aQ`[ 6~Ï �dǧcAesS | } Q+b�Z`NOiT�_vZ ja[�_ }3} _v[JcAQ`�gb�Q+h3Z#TAQ��gX^_aS?Q } Q+b�Z�eaqmZ#_vjfh`U�TAe­� Z#_vjfhJh#TAe | X^c 5 Q�bAQ+h\Z\Q+có_ab�c�TAeÞ�Z#TAQ�_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+h�h#TAe | X�c 5 Q�_vZ\Z#_aS�TAQ+cÿZ\e�Z#T�QtQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`N Ï �dÇþcAesS | } Q+b�Z#hiZ#T�_vZ�q´efX�XVe­� [ | XVQ+hcAQ`�gb�Q+c�]^bJZ#TAQ�ja[�_ }�} _v[�_v[#QtS`_aX�XVQ+c�� S ¶º¶� Ū�® T � S ¬ Ï �dÇ:cAesS | } Q+b�Z#h`N

Ó�Ô��xÔB× ����Ù�� ùEèBþ��EèòëDÿ�� þBâ�å��xú

� X^X Z#TAQ Ï �dÇ:cAesS | } Q+b�Z#hi_v[#Q } _ac�Q | ��eaq�Z#TAQ�q�efX^XVe­��]^bAj 5 | ]^X�c�]^bAj 5 XVe7S�u7h+N�¤¶ S � Sc°uQ À=U » O´· À=U[ó QÅQ¿TZ¯ ¼ � QBS À�U�� °uQ¿¯¿Q¿¯ÅS À=U�� L�� ó » ó�U L�� ó » ómN

W X^Q } Q+bFZ#h�_v[#QmZ#TAQ } _a]^b 5 | ]^X�c�]^bAj 5 XVesS#ush�eaq�_ab Ï ��Ç:��esS | } Q+b�Z`N

O�_vjfh�_v[�Q | h\Q+c~Z\e } _v[�u | �CQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`N � h\Z#_v[#Z#]^bAjdZ#_vjÿX^]^uaQ���Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z! æS`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+c:_ah_ 5 Q`jf]^bgb�]^bAj�eaq�Z#TAQJQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z _ab�cå_ÿZ#_vj~X^]VuaQ��#"ÞQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z! cAQ`�gbAQ+h�Z#TAQJQ+b�cþeaq�Z#TAQQ+X^Q } Q+bFZ`N

W b�Z#]VZ#]VQ+h�_v[#Q | h\Q+c�Z\e�cAQ`�gbAQ!S?e }3} efbÿZ\Q?�sZ`N�OiTAQ 6 _v[#Q!Q?�s�g_ab�cAQ+c���TAQ+b�Z#TAQ 6 _v[�Q��._v[�h\Q+c576 Z#TAQ Ï �dÇ:�g_v[�h\Q`[­N

µ º

Page 25: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

��o�� � O � ]�h�Z\Q?�7Z�Z#T�_vZ�]^h��g_v[=h\Q+c 576 Z#TAQ Ï ��Ç~�g_v[=h\Q`[+N

o�� � O � ]^h�Z#T�QmZ\Q?�7Z�Z#T�_vZ�]^h�bAeaZ��g_v[�h\Q+c 576 Z#T�Q Ï ��Ç:�g_v[�h\Q`[+N

W } ��Z 6 W XVQ } Q+bFZ#h4_v[#Q�Q+X^Q } Q+bFZ#h/Z#Tg_vZ�cAembAeaZ�T�_+�aQ�_ab 6 S?efbFZ\Q+b�Z`N OiTAQ 6 S`_ab 5 Q�[�Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z\Q+c_ah$��Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#b�_ } Q%"& ea['��Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ#b�_ } Q( )�#"ÞQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#b�_ } Q( �N

Ï �dÇ�OR[�Q`Q+h Í Ï �dÇ:cAe7S | } Q+bFZ#h�_v[�Q�[#Q`��[#Q+h#Q+bFZ\Q+c�_ahiZ\[#Q`Q+h`N �/]Vj | [�Qæy7N»º3jf]V�aQ+hi_ S`XVQ+_v[�]^cAQ+__ 5 e | Z Ï ��Ç:cAesS | } Q+b�Z#h`N

��z|i4t�k2~2yu���yue�o�ih���dup�t�k5j�y�e�o�ih�(*f���|i4t�j|� � dup5t[knj4y�eno�i������e|k�j4yue�o[i��(+up�y�k�jfi�y�� � ��efk5j2y�e�o�i��

� � y�eno[ih���zhtf~4dhiuk�k�p2~2y��fk�g�p�i2yhj�p�k5j|� � zhtf~�dhiuk�k4p2~2y|�

� � zui�t[k2~�y��

�/]Vj | [#Q�y7N»º Í Ï ��Ç Æ Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb

�/_v[#Q+b�Z#h�_ab�c�o�T�]�X^cA[#Q+b�WYXVQ } Q+b�Z#h Í OiTAQ�_ 5 eÞ�aQ Ï ��Çdh#Z\[ | S?Z | [#Q�]^h/S?e } � efh\Q+c!eaq.efbAQ PfS:T À:® °Q+X^Q } Q+bFZ`N °�O � S _ab�c P[T ®<² S À/À ¯ ® ° _v[#Q¹S=T�]^X^c�[#Q+b¿q�ea[�Z#T�Q PfScT Àc® ° Q+X^Q } Q+bFZ`NÃÆ T À Q¿°�O � S_abgcÚ¶ O À Q¿°�O � S _v[�Q�Z#TAQ�S�Tg]^X^cA[#Q+bJq�ea[iZ#TAQ °[O � S Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z`N

� Z\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+h Í � b _vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q�]^h/_mb�_ } Q ý �v_aX | Q��g_a]V[4_vZ\Z#_aS=TAQ+c3Z\emZ#TAQ�Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ#h�h#Z#_v[#Z4Z#_vjAN4OiTAQbg_ } Qt_ab�c�Z#T�Q��¯_aX | Qt_v[#Qth#Q`�g_v[�_vZ\Q+c 576 _ab�,.-0/�h#]Vjfb�ea[iea�gZ#]Vefb�_aX^X 6¹576 _ h\�g_aS?QaNY��ea[Q?�A_ } �gX^Qt�/]Vj | [#Qty7N·¼�h#TAe­��hi_3� Q`[�h\efb 5 ea[�bd]^b�zf¸(" µ º1" µ+Ö ÈvËJ_ab�cdcg]VQ+c�]^b�zvº1" µ+Ö " µ Ëa¼a¼��TAQ`[#QüI® T/° _ab�cV¬ ¯ÅS ¬�_v[#Q�Z#T�Q�_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+h+N

2NÀ S À§®<²4305�6 Í Ï ��Ç ]^h | h\Q+c�Z\e�h\Q`�._v[�_vZ\Q�c�_vZ#_tq´[�e } Î�O��dÇ Nf̧]VZ#T�Î�O���Ç�UFc�_vZ#_�]^h h#Z\ea[#Q+c]^b�h�]^cAQ�Î�O��dÇ N�M | Z���]VZ#T Ï ��Çåc�_vZ#_JS`_ab 5 Q�h\Z\ea[#Q+c ]^bÿh\Q`�g_v[�_vZ\Q Ï �dÇþ�gX^Q+h`N�wÒb�Z#T�]�h���_ 6

µ ¼

Page 26: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

��z|i4t�k2~2y �u~4t�y|¡D���I�17 � ��¢ � �981:&;D���³rup2i�r�¡D���7��¢ � �98 � �9;�������� �*f�5�ui�t�j�+�pny�k�jfi|pny� � zui�t[k2~�y��

�/]Vj | [�Qty7N·¼ Í � Z\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+hi]^b�_ab Ï ��Ç:��esS | } Q+b�Z

Î�O��dÇþS`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+cdq´ea[�Q?�7Z\Q`[�bg_aX¶c�_vZ#_ _ab�cdcg]^h\�gX^_ 6 _abgc 5 QtS?Q`[#Z#_a]^b�Z#T�_vZ�_ab 6 S=T�_abAjaQ+h�]^bZ#TAQ | b�cAQ`[�X 6 ]^bAj�c�_vZ#_3cAe7Q+hibAeaZ�[#Q+� | ]V[#QmS�T�_ab�jaQ+hiq�ea[iZ#TAQtÎ�O���Ç�N

� h S?e } � | Z\Q`[¹h 6 h\Z\Q } h�_ab�cóc�_vZ#_ 5 _ah\Q+h¹]^b�[#Q+_aXi��ea[�X^c¤S?efbFZ#_a]^bóc�_vZ#_�]^bèc�]�9�Q`[#Q+b�Zq�ea[ } _vZ#h`Us]VZ ]^hY_ } _ÞÑ\ea[���[#e 5 XVQ } q´ea[�cAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q`[�h �Yea[#us]^bAjtefb�c�]W9 Q`[#Q+b�ZYc�_vZ#_ 5 _ah\Q�q�ea[ } _vZ#hYZ\eQ?�AS�T�_abAjaQm]^b�q´ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb"N/M 6 S?efb��aQ`[#Z#]^b�j�_ab�c¹h\Z\ea[�]�bAjt_aX^XgZ#TAQ�cg_vZ#_�]^b Ï ��ÇÿZ#T�]^hYS?e } �gXVQ?�A]VZ 6]^h�[#Q+c | S?Q+c�_ab�c:Z#TAQJh#_ } QJc�_vZ#_�S`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+c 5�6 c�]�9�Q`[#Q+b�Z�_v�g�gX^]^S`_vZ#]Vefbgh`N � h Ï ��Ç c�_vZ#_]^h3h#Z\ea[#Q+c¤]�båZ\Q?�7Z q´ea[ } _vZ ]VZ ]^h3_Ch#eaq´Z ��_v[#Q _ab�cèTg_v[�cA��_v[#Qd]^b�c�Q`��Q+bgcAQ+bFZ ��_ 6 eaqmh#Tg_v[�]^bAjZ#TAQ�cg_vZ#_sN Ï ��ÇóS`_ab:_aX^h\e 5 Q | h\Q+c~Z\eÿh\Z\ea[#Q3Z#TAQ¹c�_vZ#_sN�OiTAQ�cg_vZ#_dS`_ab 5 Q�h#Z\ea[#Q+cC]^b~�gXVQ+hea[�]^bþc�_vZ#_ 5 _ah\Q+h`N � ���gX^]^S`_vZ#]^efb�h!S`_ab 5 QJc�Q+h#]VjfbAQ+cþZ\e¿[#Q`Z\[=]VQ`�aQ�Z#TAQ�c�_vZ#_¿q�[#e } Z#TAQ�h#Z\ea[#QaN� ���gX^]^S`_vZ#]^efb�h�S`_abd_aX^h\e 5 Qm�i[=]VZ\Z\Q+bJZ\e c�]�h\�gX^_ 6 Z#TAQ Ï �dÇ:c�_vZ#_sN

OiTAQ } _ÞÑÒea[�_acA�v_abFZ#_vjaQ�eaq Ï ��Çþ]^h�Z#T�_vZ�]VZ�S`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+c�Z\e¹S?[#Q+_vZ\Q!bAQ`� X^_abAj | _vjaQ+h`N�Aea[�]^b�h\Z#_ab�S?Q<�=5�6 ��Ìó]V[�Q+XVQ+h#hi��_v[#u | �dÇR_abAj | _vjaQÞ�=U�_3X�_abAj | _vjaQ | h#Q+c�Z\e } _v[#u | ��wÒb�Z\Q`[�bAQ`Z_v���gX�]^S`_vZ#]Vefb�h�q�ea[ } e 5 ]�XVQ��gTAefbAQ+h`UA]^h�_ab Ï ��Ç�cAQ`[�]V�v_vZ#]V�aQaN

Ó�Ô��xÔ±Ó >­Û=>

� ��esS | } Q+b�Z!O 6 ��QJ��Q`�gb�]VZ#]^efbó�H��Oi�����»¸5��]^h!cAQ`�gbAQ+cCq´ea[![#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ#]�bAj�Z#T�Q Z\Q+h\Z!�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h]^b Ï �dÇ NR��Oi�ÓcAQ`�gbAQ+h�q´ea[ } _aX4h 6 b�Z#_¯�¿Z#T�_vZ�cAQ`�gb�Q+h�_ab Ï �dǤcAe7S | } Q+bFZ`N wxZ�cAQ`�gb�Q+hmZ#TAQea[�cAQ`[ ]^bå��T�]�S�TþQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�_v�g��Q+_v[ ]^bå_CcAesS | } Q+b�Z`NèwxZ�_aX^h\e~c�Q`�gbAQ+h Z#TAQ�_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+h3Z#T�_vZS`_ab 5 Q�cAQ`�gb�Q+cþq´ea[�_~�g_v[#Z#]^S | X�_v[ Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z`Nèw Z3]�h _¿Z\Q } �gX^_vZ\QdZ#T�_vZ3jf]V�aQ+h3_ab�]^cAQ+_¿_ 5 e | Z

µ+Ô

Page 27: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Z#TAQ3cAesS | } Q+b�Z`N � b 6 Ï �dÇ��g_v[�h\Q`[���]^X^X¶�gX^X�Z#T�]^h�Z\Q } �.X^_vZ\Q3Z\e�e 5 Z#_a]�b Z#TAQ3[#Q+h | XVZ#_abFZ Ï ��ÇcAesS | } Q+b�Z`N�W �aQ`[ 6�Ï ��Ç��gXVQ�S`_ab3S`_v[#[ 6 _�cAQ+h#S?[�]^��Z#]Vefb�eaq�]VZ#h�eÞ��b!q´ea[ } _vZ4��]VZ#T�_m��Oi��NfOiT�]^hS`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+c¿_aht_ab~]^b�Z\Q`[�S�T�_ab�jaQ q´ea[ } _vZ�q´ea[�cg]W9�Q`[�Q+bFZmja[#e | �ghm]Vq Z#T�Q 6 _vja[#Q`Q�efb~_�h\� Q+S`]V�gS��Oi��N���Oi�ÕS`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+cJZ\e �aQ`[�]Vq 6 Z#TAQmc�_vZ#_3Z#T�_vZ 6 e | [#Q+S?Q+]V�aQmq�[#e } Z#TAQme | Z#h#]^cAQ���ea[�X^c¹ea[]VZiS`_ab 5 Q | h#Q+c�Z\e3Z\Q+h\Z 6 e | [�e­��b�c�_vZ#_sN

��Oi���Ph�S`_ab 5 Q�c�Q`�gbAQ+c 5 _ah#Q+c�efb�Z#TAQth#��Q+S`]^�gSm_v���gX^]�S`_vZ#]Vefb"N Ï ��Ç�cAe7S | } Q+bFZ#h�S`_ab5 Q�S`_vZ\Q`jaea[=]V¾`Q+c~]^b�Z\eJZ ��e�S`X^_ah#h\Q+h`Ntw q _JcAesS | } Q+b�Z�S?efbAq´ea[ } h�Z\eJZ#TAQ![ | XVQ+h�h\� Q+S`]V��Q+cÿ]^bÿZ#TAQ��Oi�óZ#TAQ+b!]VZ4]^h/S`_aX^XVQ+c!_ µ5O ¶ ¯ ¬¾¬4® « �h� S:°uQ N4wxq.]^Z�cAe7Q+h4bAeaZ4S?efbAq�ea[ } Uf]VZ4]^h�usbAe­��b _ah ° ® ° µ5O ¶ ¯ ¬¬�® « �h� Sc°uQ N

Ó�Ô��xÔ�? ����Ù@��å�AEäuü ê

� b Ï �dÇ { S�TAQ } _��»¸5��c�Q`�gbAQ+hYZ#TAQ�XVQ`jf_aX 5 | ]�X^c�]^bAj 5 X^e7S�u7hYeaqì_ab Ï ��Ç¿cAe7S | } Q+bFZ`N/wxZ�c�Q`�gbAQ+h_aX^X�Z#TAQ Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ#h�Z#Tg_vZ�_v��� Q+_v[�]^b _ab Ï ��Çæc�e7S | } Q+bFZ`N�w Z�c�Q`�gbAQ+hJZ#TAQ~S=T�]^X^cA[�Q+b�q�ea[d_�g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[ibAescAQ�_ab�c�_aX^h#e3Z#TAQ�ea[�c�Q`[�]^bJ��T�]�S�TJZ#TAQ 6 S`_ab�_v��� Q+_v[�_abgc�Z#TAQtb | }�5 Q`[�eaq4S=T�]^X^cQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`N�w Z�_aX^h\e¹]^b�c�]^S`_vZ\Q+h�Z#TAQ�_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+h�q�ea[�_��g_v[#Z#]^S | X^_v[�Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ`N�Ìó]^Z#T { S=TAQ } _ 6 e |S`_abþcAQ`Z\Q`[ } ]�bAQ ]Vqi_��g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[tQ+X^Q } Q+bFZ!]^h�Q } ��Z 6 N Ï �dÇ { S�TAQ } _ah!h | ��� ea[#Ztc�_vZ#_ÿZ 6 � Q+h`Ņ]VZ#Tèh | �g��ea[�Z�q�ea[�c�_vZ#_CZ 6 � Q+h3]VZ3]^h Q+_ah�]VQ`[3Z\e:c�Q+h#S?[�] 5 QJ� Q`[ } ]^h#h�] 5 XVQ�c�e7S | } Q+bFZ�S?efb�Z\Q+b�Z`NÏ �dÇ { S�T�Q } _aht_v[#Q [�Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z\Q+cC]^b Ï ��Ç�N { e�_ab 6 Ï ��Ǥ�g_v[�h\Q`[tS`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+c¿Z\e��g_v[=h\Q�_�g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[ Ï ��Ç { S=TAQ } _��gX^Q�_ab�c _aS`S?Q+h�h�]VZ | h#]^b�j���½m�CNvw Z�S`_ab _aX^h#e 5 Q�Z\[�_ab�h#q´ea[ } Q+c | h#]^bAjÏ { ÇsO _ah�]VZ�]�h�]^b Ï ��Ç~q�ea[ } _vZ`N Ï �dÇ { S�TAQ } _ah�_v[#Q�Q?�7Z\Q+b�h�] 5 XVQaUA_ab�c¹��]VZ#T¹Z#T�]�hYq�Q+_vZ | [#Q���QS`_ab�[#Q | h\Qme | [ { S=TAQ } _3]^bJeaZ#T�Q`[ { S�T�Q } _ahi_ab�c } | XVZ#]^�gXVQ�h�S�TAQ } _ah�S`_ab 5 Q�[#Q`q´Q`[�Q+b�S?Q+c�q�[#e }Z#TAQth�_ } Q�cAesS | } Q+b�Z`N

µ È

Page 28: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Ó�Ô��xÔÖÕ ���xÙNÛ

wÒb3Z#T�]^h�Z#TAQ+h#]^hY_ab Ï { ÇsO�]^h | h\Q+c3Z\e�S?efbF�aQ`[#Z�_ 5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b Ï �dÇ�Z\e�Ì � É�W { q�ea[ ý} _vZ`N � jaQ+b�Z#XVQt]^b�Z\[#esc | S?Z#]Vefb¹Z\e Ï { ÇsO q�efX^XVeÞ��h`N Ï { ÇsO h\Z#_ab�c�hiq´ea[�W��7Z\Q+bgh#] 5 XVQ { Z 6 X^Q { TAQ`Q`ZO¶[�_ab�h\q�ea[ } _vZ#]Vefbð� µaµ ��N�w Z�]^h�_�Ì ¸fo�h\Z#_ab�c�_v[=c�cAQ`�.bAQ+cdq�ea[�Z\[�_ab�h\q�ea[ } ]^b�j Ï ��ÇècAesS } Q+b�Z#h`NOiTAQmh\Z 6 X^Q�h#TAQ`Q`Z�cAQ`�.bAQ+h�_ h\Q`Z�eaq�[ | XVQ+h�Z#T�_vZ�c�Q`�gbAQ+h�TAeÞ� ]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]VefbJQ }�5 Q+c�cAQ+c 5 Q`Z ��Q`Q+bZ#TAQ�Z#_vjfh�]^b Ï ��Ç�h�TAe | X^c 5 QmZ\[�_ab�h#q´ea[ } Q+c"N � b Ï { ÇsO h\Z 6 X^Qth#TAQ`Q`Z�]�h�_ab Ï ��Ç:cAesS | } Q+b�Z`NwxZ T�_ah4Z#TAQ�h#_ } Qiq�Q+_vZ | [#Q+hY_ah Ï �dÇ UfZ#TAQ�c�_vZ#_t]^h4[#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ\Q+c ]^b!Z#_vjfh`N � b Ï { ÇsO�h\Z 6 XVQih�TAQ`Q`ZS?efb�h#]�h\Z#h�eaq�_�h#Q`ZmeaqYZ\Q } �.X^_vZ\Q [ | XVQ+h�Q+_aS=T¿eaqY��T�]^S�T T�_ah�Z#TAQ!q | bgS?Z#]Vefb�B ¯ � P ¶ S � S:°uQ O�PhO2T Q¿¯Å« � ¶ O2TÁT � ¶ S ¯ ² O§PfO�TZQ¿¯Å« � ¶ O�T ° ®´¬ S¾¯ À Sc°�« ® � °�QBS:TIS ¬ ÂDC OiTAQ�ea[�cAQ`[�eaq�Z#TAQ�[ | XVQ+h�cAe7Q+h�bAeaZiT�_­�aQ_ab 6 h#]Vjfb�]^�gS`_ab�S?QaN�w q } ea[�Q�Z#T�_ab efbAQ�[ | XVQ } _vZ#S�TAQ+h�_t�g_v[#Z#]^S | X^_v[ Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ�]^b3Z#T�Q�cAesS | } Q+b�Z`UZ#TAQ+b�_ S?efbf�.]^S?Z ý [#Q+h\efX | Z#]VefbJ_aXVjaea[�]VZ#T } ]�h�_v�g�gX^]VQ+c"N�wxZ�[#Q+h\Q }�5 XVQ+h�Z\Q?�sZ���[#esS?Q+h#h#]^bAj X^_ab�j | _vjaQ+hX^]VuaQ���Q`[�X�N�O�TAQ�c�]�9�Q`[#Q+bgS?Q 5 Q`Z ��Q`Q+b _ h\Q`[=]^_aXRZ\Q?�sZ���[#esS?Q+h#h#]^bAj¹X^_abAj | _vjaQ!_ab�c Ï { Ç7O ]^h�Z#T�_vZZ#TAQt]�bA� | Z�]^hibAeaZ���[#esS?Q+h#h\Q+c�X^]�bAQ 5�6 X^]^b�Q�]^b Ï { ÇsOmN�O�TAQ�]^bA� | Z Ï ��Ç:cAesS | } Q+b�Zi]^h�Z\[�Q+_vZ\Q+cX^]VuaQ�_!Z\[�Q`Qt_ab�c�Q+_aS=TdZ\Q } �.X^_vZ\Q�[ | X^Q�]�h�_v���gX^]VQ+c¹Z\e�_ 5 [�_ab�S=T�]^bJZ#TAQ�Z\[�Q`QaN

OiTAQ`[�Q�_v[�Q } _ab 6¹Ï { ÇsO§��[#esS?Q+h#h\ea[�h�Z#T�_vZ�Z#_vuaQt_!Z\[#Q`Q�h\Z\[ | S?Z | [#Q�_ahi]^b�� | ZY_abgcJjaQ+b ýQ`[�_vZ\Q+hm_abAeaZ#T�Q`[�Z\[�Q`Q�h\Z\[ | S?Z | [#Q�_ah�Z#T�Q�e | Z\� | Z`N�OiT�Q�]^bA� | ZiZ\[#Q`Q!h\Z\[ | S?Z | [#Q�]^h���[#esc | S?Q+c 5�6�g_v[�h�]^bAjtZ#T�Q Ï ��Ç~cAesS | } Q+b�Z�_abgc Z#T�Q�e | Z\� | Z�Z\[#Q`Qmh\Z\[ | S?Z | [#Q���]^X^X�eaq�Z\Q+b 5 Q�h\Q`[�]^_aX^]^¾`Q+c ]^b�Z\e_abAeaZ#TAQ`[ Ï ��ÇCc�e7S | } Q+bFZ`N

���x�� >FEG�

��½m� h\Z#_abgc�htq�ea[!��esS | } Q+b�Z3½ 5 Ñ\Q+S?Z!�de7c�Q+X1�»y5��N�w Z���[#e­�s]^cAQ+h�_ÿh\Z#_ab�c�_v[�cC��[#eaja[�_ }�} ]^bAj]^b�Z\Q`[#qH_aS?QÿZ\eþZ#TAQ _v���gX�]^S`_vZ#]Vefb�h`N n�h�]^bAjþ�m½��*_þcAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q`[¹S`_ab _aS`S?Q+h�h�_aX^X�Z#T�Q 5 | ]^X^c�]�bAj5 XVesS#ush�eaq Ï �dÇ¿cAesS | } Q+b�Z#h�X^]VuaQ�Z\Q?�7Z�bAescAQ+h`Us_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+hY_abgc¹_!XVeaZ } ea[#QaN4wxZ�]^hYc�Q+h#]VjfbAQ+c Z\e

µ+Ö

Page 29: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

��ea[#ud��]^Z#Tÿ_ab 6 X�_abAj | _vjaQ3_ab�c _ab 6 ½�� Q`[�_vZ#]�bAj { 6 h\Z\Q } N�OiTAQ Ï ��Ç�c�e7S | } Q+bFZmh#TAe | X^c 5 Qh\Z\ea[#Q+c¿]�b�Z#T�Q } Q } ea[ 6d5 Q`q�ea[#Q ]VZ�S`_ab 5 Q�_aS`S?Q+h#h#Q+c"N � b Ï �dÇå�._v[�h\Q`[mh\Z\ea[#Q+hmZ#T�Q Ï ��Çè]^b} Q } ea[ 6 N � q�Z\Q`[�Z#T�QtcAesS | } Q+b�Zi]^hiXVef_acAQ+cJZ#T�Qt]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb�S`_ab 5 Q�_aS`S?Q+h#h\Q+cd_abgc } esc�]V��Q+c| h#]�bAj3��½m� � � w=N.w Z�jf]V�aQ+h�S`_v�g_ 5 ]^X^]^Z 6 Z\e¹S?[#Q+_vZ\Q!bAQ`��Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`U�b�Q`��bAescAQ+h�_abgcd_aX^h\e bAQ`�_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q+h`N�wxZ�_aX^h\edjf]V�aQ+h�Z#TAQ S`_v�g_ 5 ]^X^]^Z 6 Z\edcAQ+XVQ`Z\Q3Z#T�Q3Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`N � ��½m�¢[#Q`�g[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#ht_Z\[#Q`Q �s]VQ`�-eaq�_ab Ï ��Ç�cAesS | } Q+b�Z`N OiTAQ`[#Q!��]�X^X 5 Q _JZ\ea�~XVQ`�aQ+X4�._v[#Q+bFZmQ+X^Q } Q+bFZ�_abgc Z#TAQ`[#Q��]^X�X 5 Q�cg]W9�Q`[�Q+bFZ�S=T�]^X^c�b�e7cAQ+h�q´ea[�Z#TAQ��g_v[�Q+bFZ�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z`N � S=T�]^X^c�b�e7cAQ�S`_ab�ea[�S`_abgbAeaZ�T�_­�aQh#] 5 X^]^bAjfh`N

Ó�Ô��xÔ�H I�Ø��Úß

k ��Ï � h\Z#_ab�c�h�q�ea[KJ O�µ5O ó P[¯ ²:® T 3 � ¶L� T ® «/S À À ¯º°�· � Ö ��N!k ��Ï � XVQ`�aQ`[�_vjaQ+htZ#TAQ �g_v[�h#Q`[�h\Z#_ab ýc�_v[�cgh { ��Ï � { ] } �.XVQ � ��w�q´ea[ Ï ��Ç �/_v[�h#]^b�j��t_abgcå�m½��:�H��esS | } Q+b�Z¹½ 5 Ñ\Q+S?Z���escAQ+X´�=U�h\eZ#T�_vZmZ#TAQ Ï ��Ç�c�_vZ#_�S`_ab 5 Q��._v[�h\Q+c¿_ah�_�h\Z\[�Q+_ } eaq�Q`�aQ+bFZ#h�]^b Z#TAQ q�ea[ } Q`[�S`_ah\Q3ea[�_ah�_abe 5 Ñ\Q+S?Z�[#Q`�g[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefbdeaq/Z#TAQ�c�_vZ#_�]�b�Z#TAQ�X�_vZ\Q`[�S`_ah\QaNiOiTg]^h��g_aS�u¯_vjaQ!_aX^h\e¹h | ��� ea[#Z#h Ï { ÇsOZ#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q | h\Q+c Z\e�S?efb��aQ`[#Z�Z#TAQ Ï ��Çèc�_vZ#_d]^bFZ\eJeaZ#TAQ`[tq´ea[ } _vZ#h�X^]VuaQ Î�O��dÇ�q´ea[m[�Q`��[#Q ýh\Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb~� | [#� efh\Q+h`N3OiTg]^h��g_aS#uv_vjaQJ_aX^h\edh | ��� ea[#Z#hmb�_ } Q+h\�._aS?Q+h3U¶_aX�XVe­��]�bAj�Z\e���ea[#u ��]VZ#T��Oi���Ph���T�]^S�T } ]VjfT�ZieaZ#TAQ`[#��]^h\QtS`_ | h#Q�b�_ } ]�bAj�S?efbf�g]�S?Z#h`N�OiT�]^h��._aS#uv_vjaQ!_aX�XVe­��h�_ab 6�Ï ��ÇS?e } �gX�_a]^bFZ��g_v[�h\Q`[�Z\e 5 Q | h\Q+c�q�[#e } ��]VZ#T�]^b�_ab�_v���gX^]�S`_vZ#]Vefb"N�OiT�]^hi�g_aS#uv_vjaQ ]^h | h#Q+cd]^bdZ#T�]^hZ#TAQ+h#]�h Z\e �g_v[=h\Q Ï ��Ç¿cAe7S | } Q+bFZ#h+N Ï _aX^_abJ_ab�c Ï Q`[�S?Q+h � Ö � �g_v[�h\Q`[=h�_v[�Q | h#Q+c¹_ah��g_v[�Z�eaqRZ#T�]^hZ#TAQ+h#]�h��Yea[�u.N

µ Ë

Page 30: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Ó�Ô��xÔNM �xùEüKü êRáPO

�A[#e } Z#T�Q�[�Q+h\Q+_v[�S�T¿S?efbgc | S?Z\Q+c¿_ah��g_v[#Z�eaq e | [���ea[#u�U �YQ!q�e | b�c ]VZ | h\Q`q | XìZ\e�T�_­�aQ3_abÿZ\Q+h\Z�aQ+S?Z\ea[mjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[�Z#T�_vZ�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h�Z#T�Q�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�hm]^b�_�X^_ab�j | _vjaQ�_abgcd�gX�_vZ\q´ea[ } ]^b�cAQ`� Q+b ýcAQ+b�Z } _ab�bAQ`[+N � X^h\e jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]^b�j Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�q�[#e } Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb�h�_aX^X^e­��h�Z#TAQcAQ+h#]^jfbAQ`[�Z\e¹��ea[#ud_vZ�_¹Tg]VjfT�X 6 _ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?ZmXVQ`�aQ+X�N�M�_ah\Q+c efb�Z#TAQ�cg]^h#S | h#h�]Vefb�hi]^b�Z#TAQ���[#Q`�s]Ve | hS�Tg_v��Z\Q`[�h�_ab�c�Z#TAQ�]^bFZ\[�e7c | S?Z#]Vefb�h�eaq/Z#TAQ�Z\Q+S�T�bAefX^eajf]VQ+h�jf]^�aQ+bd]^b�Z#Tg]^hiS�Tg_v��Z\Q`[+U��YQ�S`_ab�q�ea[ }_ q�[�_ } Q`��ea[#u¹q´ea[iZ#T�Q�[#Q`��[#Q+h#Q+bFZ#_vZ#]Vefb�eaq�Z\Q+h#Z ý �aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b Ï ��Ç�N

yvz

Page 31: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� ��� �"!$#&% Q

R £û¦ õYø � S £ ú õUT + �ç¡ õ � � � £û¦�¡

V £ � £ ú �¥¡ õ �&�

��Q`Z#_a]^X^h�eaq Z#T�Q�_aS?Z | _aX/�g[#e 5 XVQ } Z#T�_vZ�Z#T�]^h�Z#TAQ+h#]^h�_ac�cA[�Q+h#h\Q+h�_v[#Q!��[#e­�s]^cAQ+cÿ]^b�Z#T�]^h�S�T�_v�gZ\Q`[+N��Q`Z#_a]^X^hYeaq"Z#TAQiZ\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[+U ��õ »XW �»¼5� _v[#Q���[�e­�s]^cAQ+c"N�w ZYjf]V�aQ+hYZ#TAQ�cAQ`Z#_a]^X�h _ 5 e | ZZ#TAQ�Z#TA[#Q`Qi�gTg_ah\Q+h ]^b��aefXV�aQ+c ]^b Z#TAQ�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]Vefb eaq"S?efb�S?[#Q`Z\Q�Z\Q+h\Z �aQ+S?Z\ea[�h ý jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]Vefb�eaq"Z\Q+h\Zh#S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh`U jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]Vefb eaqY_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Zm�aQ+S?Z\ea[�hm]�b Ï �dÇ�_ab�cÿZ#TAQ�jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ#]Vefb eaq S?efb�S?[�Q`Z\QZ\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�q�[#e } Z#TAQ3_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h`N3wxZ�q | [#Z#TAQ`[mc�]^h#S | h#h\Q+h�Z#TAQ [�_vZ#]^efb�_aXVQ 5 Q+T�]^b�ch\Q+XVQ+S?Z#]�bAj Ï �dÇ _ahYZ#TAQ�]^b�Z\Q`[ } Q+c�]�_v[ 6 [�Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb q´ea[ } _vZ q�ea[ Z#TAQ�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z �aQ+S?Z\ea[�h+N

OiTAQ`[�Q�_v[#Q!_ | Z\e } _vZ#]�S!Z\Q+h\ZmS`_ah\Q!jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[�hm]^bÿ]^b�c | h\Z\[ 6 Z#T�_vZ�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q Z\Q+h#Z�S`_ah#Q+h�g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[�Z\e3_!h#] } | X^_vZ#]Vefb Q+bF�s]V[#efb } Q+bFZ � µ ¼5��NYOiT�]^h } _vuaQ+hiZ#T�Q�Z\e7efX"cAQ`� Q+b�cAQ+b�Z�efb�_��g_v[ ýZ#]^S | X�_v[/X�_abAj | _vjaQ�_ab�c X^] } ]VZ#h��gQ?�s] 5 ]^X^]VZ 6 eaq.Z#TAQ�Z\e�efX�Z\e�]�bFZ\Q`ja[�_vZ\Q�]VZ¶��]VZ#T�eaZ#TAQ`[�_v���gX^]�S`_vZ#]Vefb�h`NOiT�]�h�X^] } ]VZ#_vZ#]Vefb���[#Q`�aQ+b�Z#hmZ#TAQ | h\Q`[mZ\e���ea[#u���]VZ#TÿZ#TAQ!Z\e�efX4]^q�Z#TAQ 6 _v[�Q3bAeaZ�q�_ } ]�X^]^_v[���]VZ#TZ#TAQ�X�_abAj | _vjaQ�]^b ��T�]^S�T~Z#TAQ3Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�_v[�Q3jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c"N��dea[#Q`e­�aQ`[�Z#TAQ�] } �gXVQ } Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb

y µ

Page 32: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

eaq�Z#TAQ�Z\e�efX } | h\Z 5 Q�S�T�_ab�jaQ+c�Q`�aQ`[ 6 Z#] } Q�_ bAQ`� q�ea[ } _vZ�bAQ`Q+c�h�Z\e 5 QtjaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+c"N���É�O��]^h�_ab _ | Z\e } _vZ#]^S!Z\Q+h#Z�S`_ah\Q jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[mZ#T�_vZ�]�h | h\Q+cÿZ\e¹jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+hmq�[#e } Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_sNOiTAQ�q�efX^XVe­��]^bAj�h#Q+S?Z#]Vefb�h�jf]V�aQm_ 5 [�]VQ`qì]�bFZ\[#esc | S?Z#]^efb�_ 5 e | Z�Z#TAQ�h\� Q+S`]V�gS`h�eaqR��É�O��Õ_ab�cJTAeÞ�]VZ���ea[#ush`N

;Á-/, �����g� 0 �4� �!��ì�����

� Z\Q+h\Z3h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^e~]^h _¿h\Q`Z eaq 5 e7efXVQ+_abåS?efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb�h�Z#T�_vZ3_v[#Q�S?efbgh\Z\[�_a]^b�Z#h efbåZ#TAQ��v_aX | Q+h!eaq]^bA� | Z�_ab�c�e | Z\� | Z!�g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h!eaq�_ T�_v[�_­��_v[#Q�ea[3h#eaq´Z ��_v[#Q } e7c | XVQaN~OiTAQ } Q`Z#TAescAefXVeaj 6| h\Q+cèq´ea[ jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]^bAjCZ#TAQdZ\Q+h\Z¹h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^efh3]^h�_abèQ?�7Z\Q+b�h�]Vefbèeaq�Z#TAQÿ] } �gXVQ } Q+bFZ#_vZ#]Vefb 5 _ah\Q+cZ\Q+S�Tgb�]^� | Q+hì_v���gX�]VQ+c�Z\eiq´ea[ } _aXfX^_abAj | _vjaQ+h`N�WY_aS�TtZ\Q+h\ZRh#S?Q+b�_v[=]VeiS?efb�h#]^h#Z#h"eaq7]�bA� | Z"S?[�]VZ\Q`[=]^_�_ab�c_aS`S?Q`��Z#_ab�S?Q S?[�]VZ\Q`[�]^_sN�O�TAQ�S?efbgh\Z\[�_a]^b�Z#h�efbÿZ#TAQ ]^bA� | Z#h�_v[#Q h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c 576 Z#TAQ���[#Q ý S?efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb_ab�c!TAQ+b�S?Q�Z#TAQ�]^b�� | Z¶S?[=]VZ\Q`[�]^_�]^h�e 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+c�q�[#e } Z#TAQ���[#Q ý S?efb�c�]^Z#]Vefb"N¶O�TAQ�S?efbgh\Z\[�_a]^b�Z#h/efb!Z#TAQe | Z\� | Z�q´ea[�h\� Q+S`]V�gS ]^bA� | Z��¯_aX | Q+h�_v[#Q�h\� Q+S`]V�gQ+c 5�6 Z#TAQ3� efh\Z ý S?efbgc�]VZ#]Vefb"N OiTAQ�_aS`S?Q`��Z#_abgS?QS?[�]VZ\Q`[=]^_�]^h/Z#TAQ`[#Q`q�ea[#Q�e 5 Z#_a]^b�Q+c!q´[#e } Z#T�Q���efh#Z ý S?efb�c�]VZ#]VefbìN¶�Aea[�_�jf]V�aQ+b!Z\Q+h\Z S`_ah\Q�_ab�c h 6 h\Z\Q }]Vq"Z#TAQm]^b�� | Z S?[�]^Z\Q`[�]^_�_v[#Q�h�_vZ#]^h#]Vq�Q+c _abgc¹c�e�Q+h�bAeaZ�h#_vZ#]^h\q 6 Z#TAQ�e | Z\� | Z�S?[�]^Z\Q`[�]^_sU7Z#TAQ+b¹Z#TAQ`[#Qm]^h_ab�Q`[#[�ea[�]^bJZ#TAQt] } �gXVQ } Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb"N

wÒbA� | ZiS?[�]^Z\Q`[�]^_ S`_ab 5 Q�_ah�h\� Q+S`]V�gSm_ah�_�h#]�bAjfXVQm�v_aX | Q�ea[�]VZ�S`_ab 5 Q�jaQ+b�Q`[�_aX^]V¾`Q+cdZ\e _[�_abAjaQmeaq��v_aX | Q+h`N4OiT | h�_ab�]^bA� | ZY�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ�S`_ab 5 Qm]^bg]VZ#]^_aX^]V¾+c�Z\e3_ h#]^bAjfX^Q��v_aX | Q�ea[�]VZ�S`_ab 5 QS?efb�h\Z\[=_a]^bAQ+c���]^Z#T�]^bJ_![�_abAjaQ�eaq/�v_aX | Q+h`N�O�TAQ�h#]^bAjfX^Q��v_aX | Q�]�h | h\Q+c���TAQ+bJZ#TAQth 6 h\Z\Q } b�Q`Q+c�hZ\e 5 QmcA[�]V�aQ+b¹Z\e�_��g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[�h\Z#_vZ\Q 5 Q`q�ea[#Q�Z#TAQmZ\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�S`_ab 5 Q�jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+c"NYO�TAQ�[�_abAjaQeaqi�v_aX | Q+h!_v[#Q | h\Q+c:Z\e jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q�Z#TAQJ_ 5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z�Z\Q+h#Z �aQ+S?Z\ea[�h ]^b:Z#TAQJ[�_abAjaQaN { ] } ]�X^_v[�X 6 Z#TAQ_aS`S?Q`��Z#_ab�S?Q S?[�]^Z\Q`[�]^_�h#��Q+S`]^q 6 _�h�]^bAjfXVQ��v_aX | Q�ea[�_ [�_abAjaQ�eaq��v_aX | Q+hiq�ea[�Z#TAQ�e | Z\� | Z��._v[�_ } Q ý

yay

Page 33: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Z\Q`[�h`NmOiT | h�Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Zmh#S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh���[#eÞ�7]�cAQ�_JS`X^_ah#h�eaq�Z\Q+h#Z#h�Z#Tg_vZ���]^X^Xìh\Q`[��aQ!_ah�]^b�� | Z#hiq�ea[�Z#TAQh#] } | X^_vZ#]^efb eaq/Z#TAQ�h 6 h#Z\Q } N

� h�_aX�XRZ#TAQ�Z\Q`[ } h�]^bgh#]^cAQt_¹qH_aS?Q`Zm_v[#Q 5 e7efXVQ+_ab�Q?�7�g[#Q+h#h#]Vefbgh`UgZ#TAQ!Z\Q+h\Zmh#S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh�_v[#QjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c 576 Q`�v_aX | _vZ#]^b�j�Z#TAQ�Q?�s��[#Q+h#h#]^efb�h Z\e Q¿T � S ea[�² O ¶ À S N�½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�h7Ñ\ef]^b�]^b�jYZ#TAQ �¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ+h_ab�c�X�]VZ\Q`[�_aX^h�eaq/�v_v[�]Ve | h�Z 6 � Q+h�_v[�Q | h\Q+c�Z\e�q´ea[ } Z#TAQ�Q?�s��[#Q+h#h#]^efb�h`N � S`S?ea[�c�]^bAj Z\e Z#TAQ ��� ¶ Q¿¯« ® ° ¬ ¯¿Q¿¯ ® ° À Q¿T7O2QBS�·(Y Z#T�_vZ ]^h | h\Q+c:Z\e jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\QJZ#TAQJZ\Q+h\Z h#S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh`U/Q+bAe | jfT�Z\Q+h\Z h#S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefhh#TAe | X^c 5 QmjaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+cdq�ea[�_ab�Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]VefbJZ\e�Z#_vuaQ�_aX^X � efh#h#] 5 XVQ��v_aX | Q+h+N��Aea[�Q?�A_ } �gXVQaU.]^bJZ#TAQS`_ah\QJeaq�_abþ_v[�]VZ#T } Q`Z#]^S Q?�7��[�Q+h#h#]Vefb:Z#T�_vZ!T�_ah!_ab�]�bFZ\Q`jaQ`[ e | Z#S?e } QaU�Z\Q+h\Z h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^efh�h�TAe | X^c5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+c�h | S�T�Z#T�_vZ�Z#TAQ�[�Q+h | XVZ�eaq�Z#TAQ Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb~[=_abAjaQ+h�q´[#e } Z#TAQJh } _aX^X^Q+h\Z�Z\e Z#TAQX^_v[#jaQ+h#Z�]�bFZ\Q`jaQ`[+N wxbJZ#TAQmS`_ah\Qmeaq 5 e�efX^Q+_ab Z#T�Q�Q+b�Z#]V[#Q�[�_ab�jaQmeaqRe | Z#S?e } Q+h�_v[#Q�S?e­�aQ`[#Q+c�]^b¹Z#TAQh\Q`Zieaq Q¿T � S _ab�c$² O ¶¸À S N � h�_aX^X Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�Z\Q`[ } h�_v[#Q 5 e7efXVQ+_ab�Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb�hi_abgc�Z#TAQ 6 Q`�¯_aX | _vZ\QZ\e Q¿T � S UAZ\Q+h\Z�h�S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefhi_v[�Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c�h | S�T�Z#T�_vZ�Z#TAQ�ea� Q`[�_ab�cgh�]�bJZ#TAQmQ?�7�g[#Q+h#h#]VefbJZ#_vuaQ�_aX^X� efh#h#] 5 XVQ��v_aX | Q+hiZ#T�_vZ } _vuaQ�Z#T�Q�Q?�7�g[#Q+h#h#]Vefb Q¿T � S N

wÒb Z#T�]^h4��ea[#u�U�]^b�� | Z/�g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[=hY_v[#Q�[#Q`q´Q`[�[#Q+c Z\e�_ah ¬ TZ¯±µ�¯±°�· �¯_aX | Q+h`N4OiT�]^h4]^bgc�]^S`_vZ\Q+hZ#T�_vZ�Z#TAQt]^bA� | Z��g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h�cA[�]V�aQtZ#TAQth 6 h\Z\Q } Z\e¹_ �g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[�h\Z#_vZ\QaN�½ | Z\� | Z��g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h_v[#Qm[#Q`q�Q`[#[#Q+cJ_ah ¬ T/¯ºµ�Sc° �v_aX | Q+h`N�OiTg]^h�h#]Vjfb�]V�gQ+h Z#T�_vZ�Z#T�Q�e | Z\� | Z��g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[=h���]^X^X 5 Q�c�[�]V�aQ+bZ\e�_J�g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[mh\Z#_vZ\QaN Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_�Q?�7�g[#Q+h#h#]Vefbgh�_v[�Q3h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c _ahm��[#Q+cg]^S`_vZ\Q+h`N � ��[�Q+c�]^S`_vZ\Q ]^hS`_aX^XVQ+c « ® °�Q¿T ®�¶º¶ O ¼:¶ S ]^q�Z#T�Q �v_aX | Q+hteaq�Z#TAQ��v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q+h�Z#T�_vZ 5 | ]^X^c Z#T�Q���[#Q+cg]^S`_vZ\Q _v[#Q¹cA[�]V�s]^bAj�v_aX | Q+h`N � h�Z#TAQ�c�[�]V�s]^bAj��v_aX | Q+h�_v[#Q | h\Q+c¹Z\e S?efbFZ\[�efX Z#TAQ�h 6 h\Z\Q } U7Z#T�Q��g[#Q+c�]^S`_vZ\Q�]^h�S`_aX^XVQ+cJ_ah_ « ® °�Q¿T ®�¶º¶ O ¼:¶ S ��[#Q+c�]�S`_vZ\QaN { ] } ]^X�_v[�X 6 ]^qìZ#TAQ���[#Q+c�]�S`_vZ\Q�S?efb�Z#_a]^b�h�efb�X 6 cA[�]V�aQ+b¹�v_aX | Q+h`U7Z#TAQ+bJ]VZS`_ab�bAeaZ 5 Q�S?efb�Z\[#efX^X^Q+c�_ab�c�TAQ+b�S?Q�]VZi]^h�S`_aX^XVQ+cd_ah ° ® ° « ® °uQ¿T ®2¶±¶ O ¼:¶ S N

Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_�Q?�7�g[#Q+h#h#]Vefbgh���]�X^X 5 Q!S?e } � efh\Q+c eaq Q+]^Z#TAQ`[mXVeajf]^S`_aX/ea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�h�ea[m[#Q+X�_vZ#]Vefb�_aXea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�h/ea[ 5 eaZ#T"N/OiTAQ�q�efX^XVe­��]^bAj��._v[�_vja[�_v�gT�h/jf]^�aQ+h4]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb�_ 5 e | Z4TAe­�åZ#TAQ�c�]�9�Q`[#Q+b�Z

ya¸

Page 34: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

XVeajf]^S`_aXR_ab�c�[#Q+X^_vZ#]^efb�_aX ea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�hi_v[#Qt��[#esS?Q+h#h\Q+c�]^b��i�O��!N

?�ÔB×qÔB× Ù�â�ÿ�èBåhê�þ)E ø¨äuá�ê[æ�â�á4ú

Çìeajf]�S`_aX�½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�h�_v[#QtT�_ab�cgXVQ+cJ_aS`S?ea[�c�]^bAj�Z\e3Z#TAQtS`_abAefbg]^S`_aXìcAQ`�gbg]VZ#]VefbJeaq/Q+_aS�Tdea��Q`[=_vZ\ea[+N��[=] } _v[�]^X 6 _aX�X¶� efh#h�] 5 XVQ�Z\Q+h#Z�S`_ah\Q+hmq�ea[mZ#TAQ!ea��Q`[=_vZ\ea[ 5 _ah\Q+c efb Z#TAQ!Z\[ | Z#TÿZ#_ 5 X^Q!_v[�Q�jaQ+b�Q`[ ý_vZ\Q+c"N � q´Z\Q`[�Z#T�_vZ�[�Q+c | b�c�_ab�Z�Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h�_v[#Q�Q+X^] } ]^b�_vZ\Q+c"N��Aea[�]�b�h\Z#_ab�S?QaU�S?efb�h#]^cAQ`[�_ 5 ]^bg_v[ 6Q?�s��[#Q+h#h#]^efb"N~wxZ!S?efb�Z#_a]^b�h!Z �YeCea��Q`[=_ab�c�h!_ab�cþ_abþea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[+NCwxq 5 eaZ#TþZ#TAQJea� Q`[�_ab�cgh�eaq�_abea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[mT�_+�aQ cA[=]V�7]�bAj �¯_aX | Q+h�Z#T�Q+b�Z#T�Q`[#Q�_v[�Q�bAe¹e | Z\� | Z��v_aX | Q+h�Z\e 5 Q�e 5 h\Q`[#�aQ+c _ab�c�Z#TAQZ\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh�q´ea[4Z#Tg]^h�Q?�7��[�Q+h#h#]Vefb�S`_ab 5 Q�]^jfbAea[#Q+c"N¶wxb�Z#TAQ�q�efX^XVe­��]^bAj��g_v[�_vja[�_v�gTgh¶Z#T�Q�Z\Q`[ } h�[ZÒë]\ _ab�c�^ ZÒð]\ _v[#Q | h\Q+c"N�M�eaZ#Td_v[#Qt��[#Q+c�]^S`_vZ\Q+hie­�aQ`[��J_ab�c 6 [#Q+h#��Q+S?Z#]^�aQ+X 6 N

_ � ª¶°a`3ã�Ú7¬¯ÂA«­®g¬���´��� b3�´��� ���´����_abgccb �´�g�z z zz µ zµ z zµ µ µ

O�_ 5 XVQt¸7N µ Í O¶[ | Z#TdO¶_ 5 X^Qmq´ea[ � l��æ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[

O�_ 5 XVQå¸7N µ h#TAeÞ��h/Z#TAQ�Z\[ | Z#T!Z#_ 5 XVQ�q´ea[4Z#TAQ � l�� ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[­N��A[�e } Z#TAQ�_ 5 e­�aQ�Z#_ 5 XVQ���QS`_ab�]^bAq�Q`[ìZ#T�_vZ¶Z#TAQ Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb���� Ï �ì_ab�cdb � 6 �"]�h"Z\[ | QYefb�X 6 ��TAQ+b 5 eaZ#TtZ#TAQ���[#Q+cg]^S`_vZ\Q+h���´���m_ab�c�b � 6 ��_v[#Q�Z\[ | QaN�Î�Q+b�S?Q�Z#T�Q3efb�X 6 Z\Q+h\Zth#S?Q+bg_v[�]Ve�Z#T�_vZ�]^hmjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c:q�ea[t_ab�fe Ù Q?�7�g[#Q+h#h#]Vefb�]�h Í

ZI�[ZÒë]\Kgü«Þ¬¯±¶Úh\ �fe ÙiZ ^ ZÒð]\jgî«­¬v±RÚk\ N

wxqAZ#TAQ �=e Ù Q?�s��[#Q+h#h#]^efbt]^h¶_i��[#Q ý S?efbgc�]VZ#]VefbmZ#T�Q+b�Z#TAQYZ\Q+h\Z�h�S?Q+b�_v[�]Ve�S`_ab 5 Q�Q+X^] } ]^b�_vZ\Q+c_ah�Z#TAQ`[#Q�_v[#Q�bAe e | Z\� | Z��v_aX | Q+hiZ\e 5 Qme 5 h\Q`[#�aQ+c"N

y¯º

Page 35: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

_ `3¬�`3ã�Ú�¬¯ÂA«­®.¬���´�g� b �´�g� ���´�g��ea[lb �´�g�z z zz µ µµ z µµ µ µ

O�_ 5 XVQt¸7N·y Í O¶[ | Z#T�O�_ 5 XVQmq�ea[�½ Æ ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[

O�_ 5 XVQ ¸7N·y h�TAe­��h�Z#TAQ�Z\[ | Z#TÿZ#_ 5 X^Q�q�ea[�Z#TAQ ½ Æ ea��Q`[=_vZ\ea[+Nm�A[#e } Z#TAQ!_ 5 e­�aQ!Z#_ 5 XVQ!]VZS`_ab 5 Q�e 5 h#Q`[#�aQ+c Z#T�_vZ4Z#TAQ�½ Æ Q?�7�g[#Q+h#h#]Vefb ]�h¶Z\[ | Q���TAQ+b!Q+]VZ#T�Q`[4ea[ 5 eaZ#T!Z#T�Q�ea��Q`[=_ab�c�h_v[�Q�Z\[ | QaNiOiTAQ�½ Æ Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�]^h�q�_aX^h#Qt��TAQ+b 5 eaZ#T�Z#TAQ�ea��Q`[=_ab�c�h�_v[�QtqH_aX^h\QaN { eAU�Z#TAQZ\Q+h#Z h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^efh4Z#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c���TAQ+b!Z#TAQ�½ Æ Q?�7��[�Q+h#h#]Vefb ]^h/Q`�v_aX | _vZ\Q+c3Z\emZ\[ | Q_v[�Qth#TAeÞ��b 5 Q+XVe­� Í

�Nm��on"�U-�prq&sNt9uÞ�Gv#wyx �{z3�o|��U-~}�����u¯� ��¸7N µ �

�Nm��on"�U-~}��9�ruÞ�Gv#wyx �{z3�o|��U-�prq&s�t%u¯� ��¸7N·yf�

�Nm��on ��-~}����ruÞ��vlwcx �{z��o|A�U-�}�����u¯� ��¸7N·¸f�

M 6 S?efb�h#]^c�Q`[�]^bAjJcA[�]V�s]^bAj _ab�c¿cA[�]V�aQ+bÿ�v_aX | Q+h�q�ea[mZ#TAQ �v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+h+U ���´����]�hmS?efbFZ\[#efX�X^_ 5 XVQ��TAQ+b:��]^h!_¿cA[�]^�7]^b�j��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQJ_ab�cþbAefb ý S?efb�Z\[#efX^X^_ 5 XVQ¹]^q���]^h!_ cA[�]^�aQ+b:�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQaN¿w q���´���3]^h�_:S?efbFZ\[�efX^X^_ 5 XVQ��g[#Q+c�]^S`_vZ\Qÿ]^båZ#TAQ�Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb��H��� Ï � ½ Æ b � 6 � �!Z#TAQ+b�Z#TAQefbgX 6 h#S?Q+b�_v[=]Ve�eaq�]^bFZ\Q`[�Q+h\Z�]�h���TAQ+b:���´����]^h�qH_aX^h\QaN¿OiT�]^h�]^h 5 Q+S`_ | h\QJZ#TAQ¹_ 5 eÞ�aQ�½ ÆQ?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb¹��]^X^X 5 Q�Z\[ | Q�_aX^��_ 6 h�[�Q`jf_v[�c�XVQ+h#h�eaq¶Z#TAQm�¯_aX | Q�eaqb � 6 ����TAQ+bJ���´�g��]^h�Z\[ | QaNO�TAQ�h#_ } Qt_v�g�gX^]VQ+h�Z\e�b3� 6 �=N

� q�Z\Q`[�Q+X^] } ]^bg_vZ#]^bAjmZ#TAQ�[#Q+c | b�c�_ab�Z Z\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh�Z#TAQ��.b�_aXgZ\Q+h#Z�h�S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh�_v[#Qmh#TAe��b

ya¼

Page 36: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

]�bdZ#TAQ�Z#_ 5 XVQ ¸7N·¸7N�wÒb�Z#_ 5 XVQ ¸7N·¸3Z#TAQ!XVQ`q�Z�h#]�cAQ�S?efX | } b�h�]�b�c�]^S`_vZ\Q�Z#TAQ�c�[�]V�s]^bAj3_ab�c�Z#TAQ� 6 O¶Q+h\Z�S?efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb�h�S?efb�h�]^cAQ`[#Q+cz z ¸7N µ ¸7N·y ¸7N·¸z µ ý ¸7N·y ýµ z ¸7N µ ý ýµ µ ý ý ý

O�_ 5 XVQt¸7N·¸ Í �/]^b�_aXRORQ+h\Z { S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh�eaq ½ Æ ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[

c�[�]V�aQ+b¿�v_aX | Q+h`N µ ]�b�c�]^S`_vZ\Q+hmZ#Tg_vZ�_��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ3]^h�_�cA[�]V�s]^bAjJ�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ3_abgc~zd]^bgc�]^S`_vZ\Q+hZ#Tg_vZ/_��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ�]^h�_�cA[=]V�aQ+bt�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQaN¶OiT | h¶Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Z4h#S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh�Z#T�_vZ���]^X�X 5 Q jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+cq�ea[�_ab ½ Æ Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]VefbJ��]^X^X 5 Q�c�]W9 Q`[#Q+b�Z`N

_ e ®�«�`3ã�Ú7¬¯ÂA«­®g¬���´�g� bAeaZ­�H���´�g�\�z µµ z

O�_ 5 XVQt¸7N»º Í OR[ | Z#T�O¶_ 5 X^Qmq´ea[�lm½�O�½���Q`[=_vZ\ea[

î¾® Q ]^h�_ | bg_v[ 6 ea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[­NJ��[#e } Z#T�Q�Z\[ | Z#T~Z#_ 5 XVQ¹¸7N»ºÿ]VZtS`_ab 5 Q3]^bAq�Q`[#[#Q+c¿Z#T�_vZ�Z#TAQlm½�O Q?�7��[�Q+h#h#]Vefb�Q`�v_aX | _vZ\Q+h�Z\e3Z\[ | Q���TAQ+bdZ#TAQ���[#Q+cg]^S`_vZ\Qt���´�g��]^h�q�_aX�h\QaN { e�Z#TAQtefb�X 6Z\Q+h#Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[=]Ve Z#T�_vZ�]^h�jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+c�]�h Í

Z7�[ZÒë]\�g�� Âgä�Û+Úk\

y Ô

Page 37: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

_ ©��{�=ß$�¶Úsª���êmä�Û+Ú�`3ã�Ú7¬¯ÂA«­®g¬

ô ²� » MhS:° {�¤¶¸À S ea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�S?efbFZ#_a]^bgh�Z#TA[#Q`Q���[#Q+c�]^S`_vZ\Q+h+N/O�TAQ���[#Q+c�]�S`_vZ\Qi]^b!Z#TAQ » MhSc° S?efb ýcg]VZ#]Vefb¹]^h Q`�v_aX | _vZ\Q+c¹Z\e�Z\[ | Q�]Vq"Z#TAQ ¯ ²�S?efbgc�]VZ#]Vefb¹]^hYZ\[ | QaN��¤¶¸À S S?efb�c�]VZ#]Vefb¹]^hYQ`�¯_aX | _vZ\Q+cZ\e¹Z\[ | Q�]Vq/Z#TAQ ¯ ²¿S?efb�c�]VZ#]^efbd]^h�q�_aX^h#QaN � b ¯ ² Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�eaq4Z#TAQ�q´ea[ } ©��§�[ZÒë]\ ß$�¶Ú7ª^ ZÒð]\mêmä�Û+Ú���Z���\ ]^hYQ+� | ]V�v_aXVQ+bFZ�Z\e!Z#TAQ�c�]�h�Ñ | b�S?Z#]Vefb3eaq¶Z#TAQ�q´ea[ } ZI�[ZÒë]\�Âgª¶° ^ ZÒð]\!\®.¬�Z#ª¶®�«&Z7�[ZÒë]\!\�Âgª¶°���Z���\!\ N M�_ah\Q+c�efb�Z#T�]^h�Z\[�_ab�h#q´ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb"U4Z#TAQ¹Z\[ | Z#T:Z#_ 5 XVQJ]^hh�TAe­��bd]^b�O¶_ 5 XVQt¸7N·¼7N

�[ZÒë]\�ÂgªR° ^ ZÒð]\ ªR®g«1Z7�[Z\ë]\!\tÂgª¶°���Z���\ ZI�[ZÒë]\tÂgª¶° ^ ZÒð]\�\t®g¬�Z#ªR®g«1Z7�[Z\ë]\!\tÂgª¶°���Z���\!\z z zz µ µµ z µµ µ z

O¶_ 5 X^Qt¸7N·¼ Í OR[ | Z#T�O�_ 5 XVQmq�ea[iw q ý OiTAQ+b ý W X^h\Qt½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[

��[#e } Z#TAQÿ_ 5 eÞ�aQÿZ\[ | Z#T�Z#_ 5 XVQaU�Q`�¯_aX | _vZ#]^bAj:Z#TAQÿ]^qmQ?�7��[�Q+h#h#]Vefb�Z\e:Z\[ | QaUi�YQÿjaQ`ZJZ#TAQq�efX^XVeÞ��]^bAj!Z\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh

��� }?�Nm��on"��q ��� z3�o|��\��q ��� � ��� }`�Nm��on �\��q ����� �N�7�\� ��¸7N»º��

�Nm��on ��q ��� z��o|A�\��q ��� ��� }?� ��� }`�Nm��on �\�Gq ����� �N�7�\� ��¸7N·¼f�

O�TAQ�_ 5 e­�aQ�Z\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[=]VefhYS`_ab¹q | [#Z#TAQ`[ 5 Q�h#] } �.X^]V��Q+c | h�]^bAj ��S 5­® T¿·�O�° ÀmX^_+��h`N o�efb ýh�]^cAQ`[�]^b�j�Z#TAQtZ\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[=]Veû¸7N»º

��� }?�Nm��on"��q ��� z3�o|��\��q ��� � ��� }`�Nm��on �\��q ����� �N�7�\�

yfÈ

Page 38: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

M 6 Q?�s�g_ab�c�]^b�j�Z#T�Q�l�½�O ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[ | h#]�bAj ��Q���ea[#jf_abgh�X^_­��h���Q�e 5 Z#_a]^b Í

��� }?�Nm��on"�\� � � ��� }`�{z3�o|��\��q ��� � ��� }`�Nm��on �\��q ����� �N���\�

� ���gX 6 ]^b�j�Z#TAQJZ\Q+h\Z h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^eÿjaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ#]Vefbþ_aXVjaea[�]VZ#T } q�ea[!Z#TAQd½ Æ ½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[+U4��QJjaQ`ZZ#T�[#Q`Qth#S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh Í

m��on ��q ������� }`�{z3�o|��\��q ��� � ��� }`�Nm��on �\��q ����� �N�7�\� ��¸7N Ô �

��� }?�Nm �on �\��q ��� z3�o|���q ��� � ��� }?�Nm �on �\��q ����� �N���\� ��¸7N×Èa�

��� }?�Nm��on"�\��q ���¡��� }`�{z3�o|��\��q ��� � ��� }`�Nm��on �\��q ����� �N���\� ��¸7N Ö �

�/]V[=h\Z4Z\Q+h\ZYh�S?Q+b�_v[�]VetS`_ab 5 Q�Q+X^] } ]^bg_vZ\Q+c!q´[#e } Z#TAQ�_ 5 e­�aQ�¸�Z\Q+h\ZYh�S?Q+b�_v[�]VefhY_ah�Z#TAQ`[#Q�]^h�_S?efb�Z\[�_ac�]�S?Z#]Vefb�]^b �[Z\ë]\�Âgª¶°óª¶®�«1ZI�[ZÒë]\!\ N�O�T | h�Z#T�Qm[#Q+h | XVZ#_ab�Z�y!Z\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh�_v[#Q Í

��� }?�Nm �on �\��q ��� z3�o|���q ���¢� �N���

��� }`�Nm��on"�\�Gq ���~��� }`�{z3�o|��\��q ���¢� �N���

wxZ!S`_ab 5 Q e 5 h\Q`[#�aQ+c:Z#T�_vZ!Z#TAQ _ 5 eÞ�aQ¹Z �Ye¿h#S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh�_v[#Q¹S?efb�Z\[�_ac�]�S?Z\ea[ 6 _ah�efbAQ¹Z\Q+h\Zh�S?Q+b�_v[�]VeþS?efbFZ#_a]�b�hc^ Z\ð]\ _ab�c¤Z#TAQÿeaZ#TAQ`[JZ\Q+h\ZJh#S?Q+b�_v[�]VeþS?efb�Z#_a]^b�h ªR®g«1Z ^ ZÒð]\!\ N { e��Q�S`_ab:]^bAq�Q`[mZ#T�_vZ�Z#TAQ3�g[#Q+c�]^S`_vZ\Q�^ ZÒð]\ c�e�Q+h�b�eaZtT�_+�aQ¹_ab 6 h#]^jfb�]V�gS`_ab�S?Q!��T�Q+b¿Z#TAQ

y Ö

Page 39: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

�g[#Q+c�]^S`_vZ\Q �[Z\ë]\ ]^h�qH_aX^h\QaN { e 5�6 ]VjfbAea[�]�bAj�^ ZÒð]\ �YQtjaQ`Z�_3h#]�bAjfXVQmh#S?Q+b�_v[�]^e Í

��� }?�Nm �on �\��q ����� �N���

O�TAQm�gb�_aX"h#] } �gX^]V�gQ+c h#S?Q+bg_v[�]Ve3]^h Í

�Nm��on �£- prq&s�t%u¯��q ��� � � �N���£- }�����u¯�

� ���gX 6 ]^b�j�Z#TAQmh#] } ]�X^_v[ Z\Q+S=T�b�]^� | Q�Z\e h#] } �gX�]Vq 6 Z\Q+h\Zih#S?Q+bg_v[�]Ve�¸7N·¼�Z#TAQ��gbg_aX.h#S?Q+bg_v[�]Ve ]^he 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+c�_ah Í

�Nm��on �£- }�����u¯��q ��� �{z��o|A�£- }�����u¯�

O�T | h�Z#TAQ��gbg_aX.X^]�h\Z eaq¶Z\Q+h\Zih#S?Q+b�_v[�]^efhYjaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+c�q�ea[�_abJwxq ý OiTAQ+b ý WYX^h\Q�Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]VefbJS`_ab5 Q�h | }3} _v[�]V¾`Q+c�_ahiq´efX^X^e­��h Í

�Nm��on �£- }�����u¯��q ��� �{z��o|A�£- }�����u¯�

�Nm��on �£- prq&s�t%u¯��q ��� � � �N���£- }�����u¯�

?�ÔB×qÔ±Ó Þ äuþBê[æ2èBâ�ëDê�þ)E½ø¨ä|á�ê[æ2âqá4ú

� Æ Q+X^_vZ#]Vefbg_aX.Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]VefbJ]^h�_abJQ?�s��[#Q+h#h#]^efb¹]�h�_abJQ?�7��[�Q+h#h#]Vefb¹Z#T�_vZiS?efb�Z#_a]^b�h�ea� Q`[�_abgc�h���]VZ#T_�[#Q+X�_vZ#]Vefb�_aX4ea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[+N¹ORedjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q�Z#T�Q3Z\Q+h\Z�S?efbgc�]VZ#]Vefb�h+U"Z\Q+h\Zt�v_aX | Q+h�_v[�Q3e 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+c~Z#T�_vZS`_ | h\Q�Z#TAQ�[#Q+X�_vZ#]Vefb�_aX"Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�h�Z\e Q`�¯_aX | _vZ\QtZ\e�Q+]^Z#TAQ`[�Z\[ | Q�ea[�qH_aX^h\QaN�OiTAQ�Z\Q+h#Z�h#S?Q+b�_v[=]VefhjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c!q�ea[�Z#TAQY[�Q+X^_vZ#]Vefb�_aXFea��Q`[=_vZ\ea[�h/_v[#Q�h�TAe­��b�]^btZ#_ 5 XVQ�¸7N Ô N4wÒbt_�[#Q+X^_vZ#]^efb�_aXFQ?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb"U

yaË

Page 40: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

`3ã�Ú�¬¯ÂA«­®.¬ ê�ëìã�¬ÞÚ7Û+Û­³�®.ª ß�¬¯±¶Úÿê�ëìã�¬¯Ú�Û+ÛÞ³´®�ªRÛ ñRÂgä�Û+Úÿê�ëì㶬¯Ú7Û+Û­³�®.ª¶Û� ¤���¥ ¤���¥ ¤��4¡�¥¡f� ¤b¡f��¥ ¤b¡f��¥ ¤���¥� ¤���¥ ¤���¥ ¤b¡f��¥�4¡ ¤��4¡�¥ ¤��4¡�¥ ¤���¥¡ ¤b¡�¥ ¤b¡�¥ ¤ � ¡�¥� ¡ ¤ � ¡�¥ ¤ � ¡�¥ ¤b¡�¥

O¶_ 5 X^Qt¸7N Ô Í O¶Q+h\Z�o�efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb�h�q�ea[ Æ Q+X^_vZ#]^efb�_aX¶½�� Q`[�_vZ\ea[�h

Z#TAQm[�]^jfTFZ�T�_ab�c�h�]^cAQ�ea� Q`[�_ab�cJc�]V�s]^cAQ+h�Z#TAQm��T�efXVQ�Q?�7��[�Q+h#h#]VefbJ]^b�Z\e Z ��e�S`X^_ah#h#Q+h`N�½�bAQ�eaq�Z#TAQS`X^_ah#h#Q+h�Q`�v_aX | _vZ\Q�Z#T�Q�Q?�s��[#Q+h#h#]^efb¿Z\edZ\[ | Q�_ab�c~Z#T�Q3eaZ#TAQ`[!S`X^_ah#h�Q`�v_aX | _vZ\Q+h�]VZ�Z\e�q�_aX�h\QaN¹��ea[Q?�A_ } �gXVQ�Z#T�QtQ?�s��[#Q+h#h#]^efb e¦���5� ]�hic�]V�s]^cAQ+c�]^b�Z\e3Z �YeJS`X^_ah#h\Q+h+Ni½mbAQtS`X^_ah#h�S?efbFZ#_a]�b�h�_aX^XRZ#TAQ�v_aX | Q+h�eaqY_ Z#T�_vZm_v[#Q XVQ+h#h�Z#T�_ab µ z¹_abgc�Z#T�Q�eaZ#TAQ`[mS`X^_ah�h�S?efb�Z#_a]^b�hm_aX�XRZ#TAQ��v_aX | Q+h�eaqY_ Z#T�_vZ_v[#Q�ja[�Q+_vZ\Q`[�Z#T�_ab µ zsN

wÒb¹h#e } Q�S`_ah\Q+h�Z#TAQ`[�Q�S`_ab 5 Q�XVeajf]^S`_aX Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb�hYZ#T�_vZiT�_­�aQm[#Q+X^_vZ#]Vefb�_aX�Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�h_ah�_abdea� Q`[�_abgc"N�wxq4Z#TAQ+h\Q!h | 5 Q?�7��[�Q+h#h#]Vefb�h�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h } _ab 6 �v_aX | Q+h�q´ea[�Z#TAQ�ea� Q`[�_ab�c"U.Z#TAQ+bZ#TAQ 6 _v[#Q�S?e }t5 ]�bAQ+cd_aS`S?ea[�cg]^bAj3Z\e Z#TAQt[ | XVQ+h�eaq4Z#TAQ�ea� Q`[�_vZ\ea[ Ñ\ef]^b�]^bAj!Z#TAQ�h | 5 ý Q?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefb�h`NOiTAQ q´efX^X^e­��]^b�j�Q?�s_ } �.XVQ h#TAeÞ��hR_�h#S?Q+b�_v[�]^e���TAQ`[�Q�Z#TAQ�[#Q+X�_vZ#]Vefb�_aXF_abgc�Z#TAQ X^eajf]^S`_aXfQ?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�h_v[#QtS?e }�5 ]^b�Q+c�]^b�_ab�Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb"N o�efb�h#]�cAQ`[�]^bAj!_ab ¯ ²dQ?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�eaq�Z#TAQ�q�efX^XVe­��]^bAj!q´ea[ } Í

p2d�wcpny�z�{hj��5���5�u�j4m|i2y�w�w/~2{hj4z�{fj��­¡��u�©e�yfr�w/~�{fj4z�{fj§¦©¡¨¦��u�ih�fk2i"w�w/~2{hj4z�{fj��­¡ �5���©e5y|r�w ~2{fj�z�{hjh¦©¡©7����

i2yfr�p2d

OiTAQ�h�S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh�Z#Tg_vZi�YQ`[�Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+cdq´ea[iZ#T�Qt_ 5 e­�aQ�Q?�s��[#Q+h#h�]Vefb�h�_v[#Qt_ah�q´efX�XVe­��h Í

k�g2i2y�e2t�p2~[�N��wcpny�z�{hj��­���5�u�©e�y|r�w ~2{hj4z�{hj��­¡��|�©e�yfr�w/~2{hj4z�{fjh¦�¡¨¦����k�g2i2y�e2t�p2~�¦E��wcpny�z�{hj��­�4¡ �����©e�yfr"w/~�{fj�z�{fjR�í¡��5�u�©e�yfr�w/~2{hj4z�{fjh¦©¡a7����

¸vz

Page 41: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

;Á-76 �����g� ,-�Uªt� ���"� ��Y�����

{ S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh�[#Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z/Z#TAQ 5 e�efXVQ+_ab!S?efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb�h/h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c�efb!Z#TAQ�]^bA� | Z¶_ab�c�e | Z\� | Z/�¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ+h`NOiTAQ 6 Z 6 �g]�S`_aX^X 6 [#Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z�_d[�_abAjaQ3eaq��v_aX | Q+htq´ea[�Z#TAQ ]�bA� | Zm_ab�cCe | Z\� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+h`NJOiT�]^h[�_abAjaQ!S`_ab 5 Q�T | jaQ�_abgcdZ#TAQ�b | }t5 Q`[�eaq4�¯_aX | Q+h�Z#T�_vZ�_v[#Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c¿S`_ab 5 Qt�aQ`[ 6 T�]VjfT"N �| h\Q`[4S`_ab!�gX�_aS?Q�S?efb�h#Z\[�_a]^b�Z#h¶efb!Z#T�QY�v_aX | Q+h���]VZ#T�_�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h��gXVQYZ#T�_vZ4X^] } ]VZ#h¶Z#TAQ�b | }t5 Q`[eaq4�v_aX | Q+hiZ#Tg_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c"N�OiTAQ�[#Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h�h#TAe | X�c 5 Qth\Q`Z�h | S�TdZ#T�_vZ�Z#TAQ`[#Q�]�h�_��[�_aS?Z#]�S`_aXìX^] } ]^ZYefb�Z#T�Q�[�_abAjaQ�eaq��v_aX | Q+h�Z#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c"N

Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h�S`_ab 5 Q�c�]V[#Q+S?Z#X 6 h#��Q+S`]^��Q+c�efbÿZ#TAQ�]�bA� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q+hiea[�Z#TAQ`[#Q�S`_ab 5 QS`_ah\Q+h4��TAQ`[#Q�_ | h\Q`[4S`_ab3h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 _�[�_abAjaQ�eaqg�v_aX | Q+h/eÞ�aQ`[ _���[#ea� Q`[#Z 6 eaq._ab ]�bA� | Z�_ab�c!bAeaZ4Z#TAQ]^bA� | Z�cg]V[#Q+S?Z#X 6 N�wxb h | S�T S`_ah\Q+h ]VZ�]^h/bAQ+S?Q+h#h#_v[ 6 q�ea[�Z#TAQ | h\Q`[4Z\et��[#e­�s]^cAQ�_ } Q+S=T�_ab�]^h } h#emZ#T�_vZ]^bA� | Z#h ��]VZ#T¹Z#TAQ�[�]VjfT�ZY��[�ea��Q`[�Z 6 ea[iS=T�_v[�_aS?Z\Q`[�]�h\Z#]^S`h�_v[#QmjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+c"N O¶Q+h\Z�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�_v[#QjaQ+bAQ`[�_aX�X 6 h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c�efb Z#T�Q�]^b�� | Z��g_v[=_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h�eaqìZ#TAQ�S?e } � efbAQ+b�Z#h`N�OiTAQ�]^bA� | Z��g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h_aS?Z4_ah/S?efbFZ\[#efX7�v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q+hRq�ea[�_ab 6 S?e } � efbAQ+b�Z`N4OiTAQ+h\Q�S?efbFZ\[�efXs�¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ+hRS`_ab!c�]^[#Q+S?Z#X 6�} esc�]Vq 6Z#TAQme | Z\� | Z��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ+h�ea[�Z#TAQ 6¹} e7c�]^q 6 Z#T�Qtc�_vZ#_ �v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q+h�]^b�h#]^c�Q�_ S?e } � efbAQ+b�Z`N OiT�Q�c�_vZ#_�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+h�_v[#Q�c�Q+S`X^_v[�_vZ#]Vefb�h�Z#Tg_vZi�YQ`[�Q } _acAQmXVesS`_aX^X 6 ]^bJZ#T�Q�S?e } � efbAQ+bFZ`N��/]Vj | [#Q�¸7N µ h#TAeÞ��hz�ehg9«|e4vhi©jfiuk�j�thi1¬�{[p�thi5o[i�yfj�k�p�k�ui4vupny���~4vup�gjfi|k5jfs�tfi�¬xw£z�e�tfe�o�i4jfi�t¤���7��e5�ui��x�7��~(­fi�tfs��f~2{�y|r®ò{�z�z|i�t|s��u~�{�yhr�®:k�i�j�z�kN���Åy�{2of�ui�t[�q�jfi|k5jfsfp�y[p�jxw´k2i�¬ ����y�{�of�|i4t��£}fifg�j�~4t¤���Å{�yRp�}R�q�p�y[p�jxw´k2i�¬ ����y�{�of�|i4t��£}fifg�jf~�t¤����{4yRp�}[�q�

i1¤2zu~�t�j�e����x�i2yfr�z�ehg9«ue�vhi�jhiuk�j�tfi�¬�{[p�tfi�o[i�yfj[k��

�/]Vj | [�Qt¸7N µ Í O¶Q+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h��/_aS�u¯_vjaQ

Z#TAQ��g_aS�u¯_vjaQ�Z#T�_vZ�]^h | h\Q+cJZ\e3h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 Z#TAQmZ\Q+h\Z�[#Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h�q�ea[i_��g_v[#Z#]^S | X�_v[�h 6 h\Z\Q } N�OiTAQq | b�S?Z#]Vefb QBS À Q T7S.¯ Z#_vuaQ+h�_ �v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q�_ab�c�]VZih\� Q+S`]V�gQ+hi_3XVeÞ�YQ`[ 5 e | b�c"U | ��� Q`[ 5 e | b�c�_abgc�_ab

¸ µ

Page 42: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

]^b�S?[�Q } Q+bFZ4q�ea[�Z#TAQ��¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQaN/OiTAQ�q | b�S?Z#]Vefb�h QBS À Q ¯±°u¯ºQ _ab�c ¯º°|¯¿Q _aS`S?Q`��Z#hY_mh#Q+� | Q+bgS?Q�b | }t5 Q`[_ab�c�_3�aQ+S?Z\ea[+NYOiT�Q+h\Qm�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�_v[#Q | h\Q+cJZ\e cA[�]V�aQ�_3h 6 h\Z\Q } Z\e�_ �g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[ih\Z#_vZ\QaN

?�Ô±ÓxÔB× °ÚäuëEä|á�ê�þ§Þ äk±�ùEè�á4äuü äuëNæ2ú

OiTAQ+h#QY[#Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h�h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 _�[�_abAjaQ�eaq��v_aX | Q+h�q´ea[/Z#TAQ�]^b�� | Zì�v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q+h`N¶OiT�Q 6 _v[#Q�h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c| h#]�bAjtZ#TAQ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_!q | b�S?Z#]Vefb QBS À Q TISD¯ N4Ìó]VZ#T¹Z#T�]�hYq | b�S?Z#]^efb _ | h\Q`[�h\� Q+S`]V��Q+h�_!XVe­��Q`[ 5 e | b�c"U_ab | ��� Q`[ 5 e | b�c¿_ab�c:_ab:]�b�S?[#Q } Q+b�Ztq�ea[�_aX^X Z#TAQ��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+h`N�OiTAQ�S?e }�5 ]^bg_vZ#]Vefb~eaqi_aX^X Z#TAQb | }t5 Q`[�h�q�ea[�c�]�9�Q`[#Q+b�Z��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ+h�_v[#QtZ#TAQ�c�]W9 Q`[#Q+b�Z�Z\Q+h#Z�S`_ah\Q+h�h\Q+XVQ+S?Z\Q+c"N O�T�]^h�]^h�]^X^X | h\Z\[�_vZ\Q+c��]VZ#T�_ h#_ } �gX^Q Q?�A_ } �gXVQJ]^b:��j | [#Q�¸7N·y7NC�/]Vj | [�QJ¸7N·yÿcAQ`�gb�Q+h�Z �Ye QBS À Q T7S.¯ q | bgS?Z#]Vefb�h�Z#T�_vZtfi�¬R����jfi|k5j|s2tfi�¬xwI}fe�tR��® ��®y¦®í�4���tfi�¬§¦D��jfi|k5j|s2tfi�¬xwI}fe�t§¦®�¦®c7U®í�4���

�/]Vj | [�Qt¸7N·y Í�{ � Q+S`]Vq 6 ]�bAj�O¶Q+h\Z Æ Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h

]^b�]^Z#]^_aX^]V¾`Q+h�Z ��eè�¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ+h �¯_v[ µ _ab�có�¯_v[=y7N�OiTAQÿZ\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h�Z#Tg_vZ���]^X^X 5 Q jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+c _v[#Qh#TAeÞ��b�]^b��/]Vj | [#Qt¸7N·¸7N}|e2t��ð¡��ð}|e2th¦�¡¨¦}|e2t��ð¡��ð}|e2th¦�¡©7}|e2t��𡩦 }|e2th¦�¡¨¦}|e2t��𡩦 }|e2th¦�¡©7

�/]Vj | [#Qt¸7N·¸ Í ORQ+h\Z�o�_ah\Q+h���Q+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+c

?�Ô±ÓxÔ±Ó ÷5ëEè�æ2èBê�þ¨ç³äuå�æ2âqá�ú ê�ë���Û äuú�æ�²Ãê�ú5äuú

wÒb h\e } Q�h�]VZ | _vZ#]Vefb�h+U�q�ea[�Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h#Z�S`_ah#Q+h�Z\e 5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c�_�h 6 h\Z\Q } bAQ`Q+c�hYZ\e 5 Q�cA[�]^�aQ+b�Z\e _�g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[ h\Z#_vZ\QaNYOiTAQ�]�b�]VZ#]^_aXsZ\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�_v[#Q | h\Q+c�Z\e�c�[�]V�aQiZ#TAQ�h 6 h\Z\Q } Z\e�_�]^b�]VZ#]^_aXAh#Z#_vZ\QaNOiTAQ�q | bgS?Z#]Vefb�h QBS À Q ¯º°|¯ºQ _abgc ¯º°|¯¿Q _v[#Q | h#Q+c�Z\e�_aS�T�]VQ`�aQ�Z#T�]^h q | b�S?Z#]Vefb�_aX^]^Z 6 N4OiTAQ+h\Q�q | bgS?Z#]Vefb�h

¸ay

Page 43: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Z#_vuaQd_ h\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q�b | }�5 Q`[ _ab�cå_abþQ?�s��[#Q+h�h#]Vefbþ_ah _abå_v[#j | } Q+b�Z`NþOiTAQ�h\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q�b | }t5 Q`[]^h�_ab:]�bFZ\Q`jaQ`[ _ab�c�]VZ�c�Q`Z\Q`[ } ]^bAQ+h�Z#TAQ¹ea[�cAQ`[!]^b~��T�]^S�T:Z#TAQ¹]^b�]VZ#]^_aX��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h _v[#Q¹Q`�¯_aX | _vZ\Q+c"N�/]Vj | [#Qt¸7N»º ]^X^X | h#Z\[�_vZ\Q+h�Z#T�]^h�S?efb�S?Q`�gZ`Nz�ehg9«|e4vhi�k5jf~�tfi�s�tfi�¬�p�k�ui4vupny���~4vup�gdhefg2i4jlk�jf~4thi�w7j�p´o�ik³´y����Ip�y�j�pco[ix�:k2i�j�*h��e�t�o1��� p�y©�Rp5j��Zk2i4j1´�pco[i���� pny©�[p�jE�

jf~4v�vh��i1*h��e2t2o1��� pny��[p�j��/g4�4~|g9«&´�pco[i����<~�{fj�j�pco[iD�e���e�t�ok´�pco[iE���<~�{fj©j�pco[iD�Ie���e�t2o�µ�y¨���<~�{fjð�Rp5jR� p�k

jhiuk�j|s�thi1¬�w<z�e2t|eno1��� k2i�¬�{ui�yRg�i�w:g�m|e�tR�q�I�4~(­hi4tfs��f~2{�yfrU®B{�z4zui�t|s��u~2{�yfrU®Zp´yRg5tfino[i2yhj ���òt�ihe��u�������[p5jE��|i�v|p�y�k�j|e�jhihs5��e|k�i�r³f��� pnyRp�jxw���®4wZe���e2t2ok´up´o�ið¡Ì�����£�����q�³(¦D� pnyRp�jxw�¦]®4wcg���~fg9«�´up´o�i𡶦4���£�����q�³P7E� pnyRp�jxw·7®4wZe���e2t2orµ5y ¡��N�<�u���q��4¢��òjhiuk5jfs�thi1¬xw7j�pco[ik³´yX®I�E�<�®D¸D�<�®´�q�<���q�i�y|r¦dhefg�i�jlk5jh~4thiD�i2yfr�z�ehg9«ue�vhi�k�jf~�tfihs2tfi�¬E�

�/]Vj | [�Qt¸7N»º Í Æ Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#hi�gXVQm]^X^X | h\Z\[�_vZ#]^bAj | h#_vjaQteaq�]^bg]VZ�q | bgS?Z#]Vefb

¸a¸

Page 44: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� ��� �"!$#&% ¹

(Fº » �Y£ º £ � ¡ �¥¡ õ �&� R £�¡ � õ ��¦

A¾-/, �Ì>!��� �"����Õ������� ������� ���"�

OiTAQ } _a]^båjaef_aX 5 Q+T�]^b�cþjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ#]^bAj~Z\Q+h\Z �aQ+S?Z\ea[�hJ]^h3Z\e�h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 Q?�s� Q+S?Z\Q+c�e | Z\� | Z3�v_aX | Q+hq�ea[�h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c¿]�bA� | Z��v_aX | Q+h`N3É4Q+S?Z\ea[=h�_v[�Q3e 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+c~q´[#e } Z\Q+h\Z�h#S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh�Z#Tg_vZt_v[#Q�]^b~Z | [�be 5 Z#_a]^b�Q+c§q´[#e } Z#T�Q~h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb§_ab�c | h#Q`[�h\� Q+S`]V��Q+có[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h`N�OiTAQ¿��É�O�� Z\e7efX[#Q+h\Z\[=]^S?Z#hiZ#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Z�S`_ah\Q+h�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c�q´[#e } Z\Q+h\Z�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#hiZ\e ��[#Q+S?efb�c�]^Z#]Vefb�hih\� Q+S`]V�gQ+c�]^bZ#TAQ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�h\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb"N { S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh¶jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c�q�[#e } Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_mh\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efbt_v[#Q�S?e }t5 ]^bAQ+c��]VZ#T | h#Q`[m[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�Z\e�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q Z#TAQ3_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Zm�aQ+S?Z\ea[=h`N3OiTAQ!��[#esS?Q+h#h�]�b�[�Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z\Q+c]^b��/]Vj | [�Q-ºAN µ N

A¾-76 %�' (*,-� 1 �"� �.� ������ �����

OiTAQ�q�ea[ } _vZ�q´ea[�Z#TAQ Ï �dÇå[�Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefbÿq´ea[m_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?ZmZ\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^h�cAQ+h#S?[=] 5 Q+c�]^bÿ�/]Vj ý| [#QmºAN·y7N�OiTAQ���Oi� �4��esS | } Q+b�Z�O 6 � Qm��Q`�gb�]VZ#]Vefb��§�»¸5�R]^h���[�Q+h\Q+bFZ\Q+cd_ab�c�Z#TAQ+b�Z#T�Qt��Oi�-]^hcAQ+h#S?[=] 5 Q+c ��]VZ#T�_ab�Q?�A_ } �gXVQaN

¸¯º

Page 45: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

RosettaSpecification

UserRequirements

DVTGAbstractVectors

Scenarios

��]^j | [#QmºAN µ Í �/XVeÞ� eaq�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]Vefbdeaq ��5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z�ORQ+h#ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h��¼{+&½1+1¾�+1¿&´�}fi|g5jf~�t[k��hphk�j"wI}hi|g5jf~4t[� � ���¼{+&½1+1¾�+1¿&´�}fi|g5jf~�t�wcg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2y�� � ���¼{+&½1+1¾�+1¿&´�g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y w<zue�tfe�o[i�jfi�t�®<}fe��5{ui�� � ���¼{+&½1+1¾�+1¿&´�z�e�tfe�o�i4jfi�t�w.À�Á§ÂPç*1´&*[� � ���¼{+&½1+1¾�+1¿&´�}|e��5{ui"wDÀ1Á§ÂPç*�´�*[� � ���¼Ä*1´1´&½�³PÅ(´�z�e�tfe�o�i4jfi�t�o[~4rhi�ÂPç*�´�*�À�Æ&+hÇ9È�³%Æ&+1à � �

��]^j | [#QmºAN·y Í ��5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z�ORQ+h#ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h���O��

OiTAQ Ï ��Ç cAesS | } Q+b�Z�Tg_ah µ2SI«nQ ® T ÀZ¶ ¯ À Q _ah�Z#TAQ¹[#e�eaZ�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z`N µ�S «´Q ® T ]^htZ#T�Q¹S=T�]^X^cQ+XVQ } Q+b�ZRq�ea[�Z#TAQ [#e7eaZ`N/OiTAQ µ2SI«´Q ® T ÀZ¶ ¯ À Q [#e�eaZ¶Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z�S`_ab�T�_­�aQ } _ab 6 µ�S «´Q ® T S=T�]^X^c�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`N� µ2SI«nQ ® T T�_ah « ® ° ¬ ¯¿Q¿¯ ® ° _ah�Z#TAQ S=T�]^X^c�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z`NtOiTAQ`[�Q�S`_ab 5 Q } _ab 6 « ® ° ¬ ¯ºQ¿¯ ® ° Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h]^b:_ µ�S «´Q ® T Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z`NdW _aS=T « ® ° ¬ ¯¿Q¿¯ ® ° T�_ah PhO�T7O � ScQBScT _ab�c µ5O ¶ � S _ah�S�T�]^X�c~Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`N �PhO�T7O � ScQBScT Tg_ah�_�b�_ } Q _abgc:_ab�_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q _ah#h\esS`]^_vZ\Q+c���]VZ#TC]VZ`N � b:_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q ]�h | h\Q+cCZ\ecAQ+S?ea[�_vZ\Q�_�b�e7cAQaN4wxZ�jf]V�aQ+h } ea[�Q�]�bAq´ea[ } _vZ#]VefbJ_ 5 e | Z�Z#TAQmbAe7c�QaN�Î�Q`[#Q�Z#TAQ PfO�T<O � S´QBS:T bAescAQT�_ah � ®´¬ S _ah3Z#TAQ�_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\QaNåwxZ3cAQ`�gbAQ+h ]Vq�Z#TAQ��g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[ ]^h!eaq�]^bA� | Z } e7cAQJea[3e | Z\� | Z} escAQaN � « ® ° ¬ ¯ºQ¿¯ ® ° _aX^h#e3T�_ah µ5O ¶ � S _ahi_3S=T�]^X^cJZ#Tg_vZ�h\Z\ea[#Q+h�Z#T�Q��¯_aX | Qmeaq¶Z#T�Q��g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[­N

OiT�]�h�]^h�Q?�s�gX^_a]^bAQ+c:��]VZ#T�_ h#] } �.XVQ3Q?�A_ } �gXVQ¹q´ea[ _ h#S=T } ]^cAZ!O¶[�]VjajaQ`[+N~�/]Vj | [�Q ºAN·¸h#TAeÞ��h!Z#TAQJh#S?Q+b�_v[�]^eÿ�.XVQ q�ea[ Z#TAQJh#S�T } ]^cAZ�Z\[�]VjajaQ`[3h\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb"N~�A[#e } Z#T�QJh#��Q+S`]^�gS`_vZ#]Vefb]^bó��j | [�Q�ºAN·¸�q�ea[ À «cM � ¯ ¬ Q » TZ¯W·�·�S:T ��Q S`_ab ]^bAq�Q`[ Z#TAQ q�efX^XVeÞ��]^bAj�q�_aS?Z#h+N�OiTAQ¿S?e } � efbAQ+b�ZT�_ah _ab¤]^b�� | Z �v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ p�y�z�{fj }f~���jfe4vhi _ab�c¤_ab�e | Z\� | Z3�v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q ~�{fj4z�{fj }fe���{|i N OiT�]^h

¸a¼

Page 46: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

z�ehg9«|e4vhi�k�g�m�oqp�r�j&´�t�p�v�vhi�t�p�k�ui4vupny���~4vup�gdfehg�i�jlk�gnm4oqp�r�jfs�j�tup2v�vhi4txwcpny�z�{hj|s2}f~h�2jfe�vhiD���Ip�y�thihe����I~�{fj4z�{fjfs�}|e���{|i����£~2{hjí�Rp�j[��phk� �����[p�j���ui4vupny�k5jfe�jfi�s��ue|k2i4r*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|su�N��wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i��4¡b�E�<���©e5y|r�w:p�y�z�{fjfs�}f~���jfe4vhi�¡f�¦�D�<�u���*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|su�N��wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i��l�N�£���©e�yfr�w<� ��¡b�����*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|s1¦E��wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i�� ¢ �£���©e�yfr�w<� ��¡������*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|s�7���wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�ið¡f� ¢��<���©e5y|r�w:p�y�z�{fjfs�}f~���jfe4vhi��4¡����<�u��e�yfr�w<�¤��¡ �����*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|su�N��w/~2{hj4z�{fj|s2}|e���{uið¡ � �c���

i2yfr¦dfehg�i4j�k�g�m�oqp�r�j|s2j�tup2v�v�i4tE�i2yfr�z�ehg9«ue�vhi�k4g�m�oqp2r4j&´�t�p2v�vhi�t��

�/]Vj | [#QmºAN·¸ Í�{ S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh��gXVQmq�ea[ { S=T } ]^c�Z�O¶[�]VjajaQ`[

h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb¹Tg_ah�_!XVesS`_aX��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ�cAQ+S`X^_v[�_vZ#]^efb � Z#T�_vZi]^hYeaqRZ 6 � Q 5 ]VZ`N/wxb¹Z#T�]�h�h#��Q+S`]^�gS`_vZ#]Vefbp�y�z�{hj }h~h�2j|e4v�i 5 Q+S?e } Q+htZ#T�Q S?efb�Z\[#efX��¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ�_ab�cCZ#TAQ c�Q+S`X^_v[#Q+c:�¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ 5 Q+S?e } Q+h�Z#TAQc�_vZ#_��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQaN � S`S?ea[�c�]^b�jdZ\eÿZ#TAQ h\� Q+S`]V�.S`_vZ#]Vefb~Z#TAQ �¯_aX | Q�eaq�Z#TAQJ]^bA� | Zm�¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ�h�TAe | X^cX^]VQ 5 Q`Z ��Q`Q+b¿zsNPz¹_abgcÿ¼7NPzsN � S`S?ea[�c�]^b�j Z\eJZ#TAQ�e | Z\� | Z�S?efb�c�]^Z#]Vefb ~2{fj�z�{hj }|e��5{uiK¡�� � U Z#TAQ�v_aX | Q�eaq�Z#TAQ�e | Z\� | Z��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ�Q+� | _aX�h�Z#T�Q��v_aX | Q�eaq � ]^b�]^Z#h�bAQ?�sZmh\Z#_vZ\QaN�OiTAQ��v_aX | QteaqYZ#TAQe | Z\� | Zi�¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQm]^hiz ]Vq�Z#TAQt]^bA� | Z��¯_aX | Q�]^hiXVQ+h#hiZ#T�_ab µ NPzsN�wxq¶Z#TAQ�]^bA� | Z��v_aX | QtX�]VQ+h 5 Q`Z ��Q`Q+bµ NPz�_ab�cåºANPz:Z#TAQ+bèZ#TAQ��¯_aX | Q�eaqmZ#TAQ�e | Z\� | Z3�v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q�Q+� | _aX^h Z#TAQ��¯_aX | Q�eaqmZ#TAQdcAQ+S`X�_v[#Q+c�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ�]^bÿZ#TAQ!��[#Q`�s]Ve | h�h\Z#_vZ\QaNtwxq�Z#TAQ!�v_aX | Q�eaq Z#TAQ!e | Z\� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ�]�h�ja[#Q+_vZ\Q`[tZ#T�_ab ºANPzZ#TAQ+b�Z#TAQie | Z\� | Z4�¯_aX | QiQ+� | _aX^h µ NPzsN OiT�Q Ï ��Çd[�Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb3eaq"Z#T�Q�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?ZYZ\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h]^h�h#T�e­��b�]�b���]^j | [#QmºAN»ºAN

�/]Vj | [#Q�ºAN»º�h�TAe­��h�Z#T�Q ��5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z�ORQ+h#Z�É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b Ï �dÇCq´ea[ { S�T } ]�cAZ�O¶[�]VjajaQ`[­N�OiTAQÏ �dÇ �gXVQ�h\Z#_v[#Z#h���]VZ#T�� µ2SI«´Q ® T ÀZ¶ ¯ À Q �Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z3_ab�cè]^h!Z#TAQ�S?efX�XVQ+S?Z#]Vefbåeaq�_aX^X�Z#TAQ��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h+NOiT�]�h ]^h q´efX^X^e­��Q+c 576 Z#TAQd� µ�S «´Q ® T óQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z`N�OiT�]^h Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z�S?efb�Z#_a]^b�h�_abJ_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S ýZ\ea[+N�OiTg]^h�Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ�S?efbFZ#_a]�b�h�Z ��e�� « ® ° ¬ ¯ºQ¿¯ ® ° §Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ#h`N�O�TAQ���[=h\Z#� « ® ° ¬ ¯¿Q¿¯ ® ° óQ+XVQ } Q+b�Zh\Z\ea[#Q+h�Z#TAQ ]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb _ 5 e | Z�Z#TAQ3]^bA� | Z��g_v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[ ¯±°2P � Q µ ®�¶ Q�O´·�S NtwxZ�S?efbFZ#_a]^bgh�Z ��e�Q+XVQ ý

¸ Ô

Page 47: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

��}hi|g5jf~4t�k��hphk5jf���}hi|g5jf~4tf��hg�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

��z�e2t|eno[i4jhi4tðo[~�r�iK¡ÊÉ5pny]Én�hp�y�z�{fjfs�}h~h��jfe4v�i�� � zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tf���}|e���{|ih� �E�<�b� � }|e���{ui��

� � g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2yu��hg�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

��z�e2t|eno[i4jhi4tðo[~�r�iK¡ÊÉ´~�{fjËÉ´��~�{fj4z�{fjfs�}|e���{|i�� � zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tf���}|e���{|ih� �E�<�b� � }|e���{ui��

� � g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2yu�� � }fifg�jf~�t|���}hi|g5jf~4tf��hg�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

��z�e2t|eno[i4jhi4tðo[~�r�iK¡ÊÉ5pny]Én�hp�y�z�{fjfs�}h~h��jfe4v�i�� � zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tf���}|e���{|ih� �E�7�¦� � }|e���{ui��

� � g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2yu��hg�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

��z�e2t|eno[i4jhi4tðo[~�r�iK¡ÊÉ´~�{fjËÉ´��~�{fj4z�{fjfs�}|e���{|i�� � zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tf�

} Q+b�Z#hj� PhO�T7O � ScQBScT p_abgc<� µ�O ¶ � S mN�O�TAQ�_vZ\Z\[�] 5 | Z\Q � ®n¬ S=Ì B ¯±°kC q´ea[�Z#TAQ�� PhO�T7O � ScQBScT bAescAQJh\� Q+S`]V��Q+h�Z#Tg_vZ!]�bA� | Z �aefX^Z#_vjaQ�]^h�_abþ]^b�� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 X^QaNÿOiT�Qy� µ�O ¶ � S �Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z�h\Z\ea[�Q+hZ#TAQ¹�¯_aX | Q�q�ea[!Z#TAQ ¯º°�P � Q µ ®2¶ Q�O´·�S �v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQaN�OiT�Q�eaZ#TAQ`[�� « ® ° ¬ ¯¿Q¿¯ ® ° ÓQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z�h#Z\ea[#Q+h!Z#TAQc�_vZ#_ _ 5 e | Z!Z#TAQJe | Z\� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQÚ® � Q¸P � Q µ5O ¶ � S NCO�TAQy� PhO�T7O � ScQBS:T Q+X^Q } Q+bFZ3h#Z\ea[#Q+h!Z#TAQb�_ } Q�_ab�c } escAQ�eaqRZ#TAQ��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ�_ab�c¹Z#TAQ µ5O ¶ � S Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z�h\Z\ea[#Q+h�Z#TAQ��v_aX | Q�eaqìZ#TAQ��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQaNÌ¿QmT�_+�aQm_!h\Q`Z�eaq�� µ2SI«´Q ® T §Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ#h�Z#T�_vZ�h\Z\ea[#Qm]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]^efb�_ 5 e | Z�_aX^XgZ#T�Q�_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`N�OiT�]^h�]�bAq´ea[ } _vZ#]VefbJ]^h�Q+b�c�Q+c 5�6 _ab�Q+b�cg]^bAj��XÍ µ2SI«´Q ® T ÀZ¶ ¯ À Q �Z#_vjAN

ÕDÔ±ÓxÔB× ²�â�ëEåhá�ä|æ�ä&Û äuú�æ ç³äuå�æ2âqá�ú

� h�Z#TAQ`[#Q¹]^h�bAedZ\Q+h\Z#]^bAjdh#eaq´Z ��_v[#Q¹q�ea[ Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_sU�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Zt�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�Z#T�_vZ�_v[#Q�jaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+cq�[#e } �iÉ�O��¤_v[#Q�Z\[�_ab�h#q´ea[ } Q+c�]^b�Z\e�_�q�ea[ } _vZ�Z#T�_vZ�]�hRh\� Q+S`]V�gS Z\e�h#e } QYZ\Q+h#Z#]^bAj�Q+b��s]V[#efb } Q+b�Z`N��É�O���S?efbF�aQ`[#Z#h�Z#TAQ¹_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]�bFZ\e�Z ��e�q�ea[ } _vZ#h`Nd½�b�Q�]^hmÌ � É�W { q´ea[ } _vZ`U_abå]^bA� | Z�q�ea[ } _vZ!q�ea[ Z\Q+h\Z#]^bAj¿É�Î���Ç ] } �gXVQ } Q+bFZ#_vZ#]Vefbgh`NCOiTAQJeaZ#TAQ`[ ]^h!_abå]^bA� | Z�q�ea[ } _vZ

¸fÈ

Page 48: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

��}|e���{|ih� �E�<�b� � }|e���{ui��� � g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2yu�

� � }fifg�jf~�t|������������������������������������������������������������������������}hi|g5jf~4tf��hg�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

��z�e2t|eno[i4jhi4tðo[~�r�iK¡ÊÉ5pny]Én�hp�y�z�{fjfs�}h~h��jfe4v�i�� � zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tf���}|e���{|ih��¢��<�b� � }|e���{ui��

� � g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2yu��hg�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

��z�e2t|eno[i4jhi4tðo[~�r�iK¡ÊÉ´~�{fjËÉ´��~�{fj4z�{fjfs�}|e���{|i�� � zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tf���}|e���{|ih�����<�b� � }|e���{ui��

� � g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2yu�� � }fifg�jf~�t|���}hi|g5jf~4tf��hg�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

��z�e2t|eno[i4jhi4tðo[~�r�iK¡ÊÉ5pny]Én�hp�y�z�{fjfs�}h~h��jfe4v�i�� � zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tf���}|e���{|ih��¢��7�¦� � }|e���{ui��

� � g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2yu��hg�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

��z�e2t|eno[i4jhi4tðo[~�r�iK¡ÊÉ´~�{fjËÉ´��~�{fj4z�{fjfs�}|e���{|i�� � zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tf���}|e���{|ih�����<�b� � }|e���{ui��

� � g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2yu�� � }fifg�jf~�t|�

� � }fifg�jf~�t[k2�fphk�j|�

�/]Vj | [#Q�ºAN»º Í ��5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�q´ea[ { S�T } ]^cAZiO¶[�]VjajaQ`[

¸ Ö

Page 49: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

q�ea[�h�] } | X^_vZ#]^bAj } e7c�Q+X^h�c�Q+h#]VjfbAQ+c ]^b � ÇsOiW Æ � � ��Ï �YÇRn { w#w=N OiT�]�h���[�e7S?Q+h#h�]^h�h#TAeÞ��b ]^b��j | [�QmºAN·¼7N

Abstract Test Vectors in XML

concrete test XSLT to generate

vectors in WAVES

Concrete Test Vectors in WAVES format

Concrete Test Vectors for ALTERA MAXPLUS II

DOM to generatetest vectors for ALTERA MAXPLUS II

�/]Vj | [#QmºAN·¼ Í ��Q+bAQ`[�_vZ#]Vefbdeaq o�efb�S?[#Q`Z\QtO¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[=h

à¹Úsª¶Ú�¬¯ÂA«Þ³�®.ª¤®k��«­Ú7Û`«�Î.Ú7²a«­®.¬ÞÛ¹³�ª�ò � ÜJê�ïÏ� ®.¬¯â:ÂA«

OiTAQ¿_ 5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�hdZ#T�_vZ�T�_+�aQ 5 Q`Q+b§jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ\Q+c ]^b Ï �dÇ�_v[#Q Z\[�_ab�h\q�ea[ } Q+c ]^b�Z\eÌ � É�W { UÞZ#TAQ Z\Q+h#Z¶q�ea[ } _vZ¶q´ea[/h#] } | X^_vZ#]^b�j�Z#TAQ É�Î���Ç�] } �gXVQ } Q+b�Z#_vZ#]Vefb�h`N¶OiT�]^h"q | b�S?Z#]^efb�_aX^]VZ 6]^h _aS=T�]VQ`�aQ+c 576 | h#]^bAj Ï { ÇsOmN � b Ï { ÇsO T�_ah 5 Q`Q+båc�Q`�aQ+XVea� Q+cå_ah �g_v[#Z eaq�Z#T�]^h!Z#TAQ+h�]^h!Z\ejaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q¹Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]�b¿Ì � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZ`N Ï { ÇsO-Z#_vuaQ+h!_abC]^b�� | Z Ï ��ǧcAesS | } Q+b�Zt_ab�cjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h!Z#T�Q¹e | Z\� | Z 5 _ah\Q+c�efb:Z#T�Q¹[ | XVQ+hth#��Q+S`]^��Q+c:]�b~Z#TAQJZ\[�_ab�h#q´ea[ } _vZ#]Vefb:h�TAQ`Q`Z`N¿OiTAQh\Z 6 XVQ�h#TAQ`Q`Z | h\Q+cd_ahi�g_v[#Z�eaq }�6 Z#T�Q+h#]^h�]^hih�TAe­��bd]^bJ��j | [#Q�ºAN Ô N

OiT�]�h Ï { ÇsO�T�_ah�c�]W9 Q`[#Q+b�Z�Z\Q } �gX�_vZ\Q+hth\� Q+S`]Vq 6 ]�bAj Z#T�Q _aS?Z#]VefbCZ\e 5 Q3Z#_vuaQ+bC��TAQ+b~_�g_v[#Z#]�S | X^_v[mbAescAQ3]^h�Q+b�S?e | b�Z\Q`[#Q+c"N3O�TAQ Ï { Ç7OÕ�g[#e7S?Q+h�h\ea[���_aXVu7h�Z#T�[#e | jfT¿Z#TAQ Ï ��Ç�cAesS |sý} Q+b�ZY_ab�c���TAQ+b�Z#TAQ�_v���g[#ea��[�]^_vZ\Q�bAe7c�Q�]^h�Q+bgS?e | bFZ\Q`[�Q+c S?ea[#[�Q+h\� efb�c�]^bAj�_aS?Z#]^efb ]^h Q?�7Q+S | Z\Q+c"NwÒb Z#T�Q�Z\[=_ab�h\q�ea[ } _vZ#]VefbJh#TAQ`Q`Zi]�b �/]Vj | [�Q�ºAN Ô Z#TAQ`[�Q�_v[�Qmq´e | [�Z\Q } �.X^_vZ\Q+h`N�OiTAQ���[�h#Z�Z\Q } �gX^_vZ\Q} _vZ#S=TAQ+h�Z#TAQ 5 Q`jf]^b�b�]�bAj�� µ�S «´Q ® T èQ+XVQ } Q+bFZ�_ab�c3��[=]^bFZ#h _aX^XAZ#TAQ�]^bA� | Z4_ab�c�Z#TAQie | Z\� | Z��v_v[�] ý

¸aË

Page 50: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

��¤uk��D�/k5j1¥|�4iuknm|i�i�j�}hi4t[k4p�~�y|¡LÉ2�N�£��ɤ�oR�5y�kÜ��¤�k2�4¡�É/mfj�j4z¨� ��� ­&­1­¨�Ä­§7E�£~4t�v � �9;�;&; �(Ð ÅP½ � ´�tfe�y[k�dh~�t�oÉn�

��¤uk��D�òjfi�ofzu��e�jhi o[e�jug�m|¡�É � Én���¤�k2�E�Bjfi1¤4j|�(Ñf� � ¤�k2�E�òjhi1¤4j|���¤�k2�E�B}|e��5{ui&Ò�~�dbk2i���ifg�jh¡�É5g2~2{�yhjDw7}fi|g5jf~�t[k��hphknj � }fihg�jf~�t[�hÉ � ���¤�k2�E�<e�z�zu�(¥§Ò�jfi�ofzu��e�jhiuk&k�ih��ifg�j�¡LÉ � }fifg�jf~�t[k2�fphk�j � }fi|g5jh~�tÔÓ �%Õ � g�~2y|r|p5jup�~5y � z�e�t|e�o�i�jhi4t�É � ���¤�k2�E�Bjfi1¤4j|�� � ¤uk��D�òjfi�¤�jf���¤�k2�E�<e�z�zu�(¥§Ò�jfi�ofzu��e�jhiuk&k�ih��ifg�j�¡LÉ � }fifg�jf~�t[k2�fphk�j � }fi|g5jh~�tËÉ � ���¤�k2�E�Bjfi1¤4j|�� � ¤uk��D�òjfi�¤�jf�

� � ¤�k2�E�òjhi5ohz���e2jfi����¤uk��D�òjfi�ofzu��e�jhi o[e�jug�m|¡�É � }fi|g5jf~�t[k��hphk�j � }hi|g5jf~2tËÉn�

��¤�k2�E�<e�z�zu�(¥§Ò�jfi�ofzu��e�jhiuk&k�ih��ifg�j�¡LÉ5g2~2yfrup�jup�~�y � }fe��5{ui�É´�� � ¤uk��D�7e�z�z��P¥hÒ�jhi5ohz���e2jfi|k����¤�k2�E�Bjfi1¤4j|�� � ¤uk��D�òjfi�¤�jf�

� � ¤�k2�E�òjhi5ohz���e2jfi����¤uk��D�òjfi�ofzu��e�jhi o[e�jug�m|¡�É � }fi|g5jf~�t[k��hphk�j � }hi|g5jf~2tÔÓZ��Õ � g�~5y|r|p�j|p�~2y � zue�the�o�i4j�i4tËÉ´�

��¤�k2�E�B}|e��5{ui&Ò�~�dbk2i���ifg�jh¡�É��!É � �� � ¤�k2�E�òjhi5ohz���e2jfi����¤uk��D�òjfi�ofzu��e�jhi o[e�jug�m|¡�É5g2~2y|r|p�jup�~2y � }fe���{|i�É´�

��¤�k2�E�B}|e��5{ui&Ò�~�dbk2i���ifg�jh¡�É��!É � ���¤�k2�E�Bjfi1¤4j|�(Ö&À�;x� � � ¤�k2�E�Bjfi1¤4jf�

� � ¤�k2�E�òjhi5ohz���e2jfi��� � ¤�k2�E�/k�j&¥f��iuk´mui�i4j|�

��]^j | [#QmºAN Ô Í Ï { ÇsO q�ea[ijaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]�bAj Ì � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZ

ºfz

Page 51: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

_ 5 XVQ+h+N�OiTAQ�q´efX^X^e­��]^b�jtZ\Q } �gX�_vZ\Q+h�Q?�7Z\[�_aS?Z#hi�¯_aX | Q+hYq�ea[�_aX^X�Z#TAQ��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ+h�_ab�c¹��[�]^b�Z#h�Z#TAQ } ]^b_ q�ea[ } _vZih#T�e­��b�]�b���]^j | [#QmºAN×È�Np�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i�~�{fj�z�{fjfs�}fe���{|i

���£� �E�<����<� �E�<��N�£� �E�<��N�<� �E�<�¦E�£� �E�<�¦E�<� �E�<�7��£� �E�<�7��<� �E�<�¢ �£� ���<�¢ �<� ���<�

�/]Vj | [#QmºAN×È Í o�efb�S?[#Q`Z\Q�ORQ+h\Z�É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]�bJÌ � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZ

ß�Ú�Û+«[� ®.¬¯â:ÂA«�� ®.¬ «ÞÚ�Û`«¯³�ª¶Ä �f× ßtê0� ��Ø��fÙ � ×4Ú ïè©Þ© â:®"°¶Úsä�Û

� Ç7O�W Æ � � ��Ï � Ƕn { w�w�T�_ah�_dh#] } | X^_vZ#]VefbÿQ+b��7]V[�efb } Q+b�Z�Z#Tg_vZt_aX^XVeÞ��h | h\Q`[=h�Z\edh#] } | X^_vZ\QZ#TAQ } escAQ+X^h c�Q+h#]VjfbAQ+c | h�]^bAj Z#T�_vZ Z\e7efX�NèORe:h#] } | X^_vZ\QJZ#TAQ } escAQ+X�Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h#Z3[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#hh#TAe | X^c 5 Q�h#��Q+S`]^��Q+c�]^b�_3h\� Q+S`]V�.S�q�ea[ } _vZ`NYOiT�]^h�Z#TAQ+h�]^h�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h�S?efb�S?[#Q`Z\Q�Z\Q+h\Zi�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^bZ#T�_vZiq�ea[ } _vZ`N

o�efb��aQ`[#Z#]^bAj Z#TAQ�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z Z\Q+h\Z �aQ+S?Z\ea[�h ]^b Ï ��Ç Z\e¿Z#T�]�h!q´ea[ } _vZ!]�h�] } �gXVQ } Q+b�Z\Q+c| h#]�bAj ��½m�CN"OiTAQ�]�bA� | Z Ï ��Çå_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�ht_v[#Q!�g_v[�h\Q+cÿ_ab�cÿZ#TAQ!]^bAq�ea[ } _vZ#]Vefbÿ]^hh\Z\ea[#Q+cJ]^b¹��½m�CNs��½m�]^hY_ab�½ 5 ÑÒQ+S?Z�OR[�Q`Q�[#Q`�g[#Q+h\Q+b�Z#_vZ#]VefbJq´ea[�Z#TAQm]^bA� | Z Ï �dÇ¿cAesS | } Q+b�Z`N� b�_v���gX�]^S`_vZ#]Vefb T�_ah 5 Q`Q+b cAQ`�aQ+XVea� Q+c3_ah �g_v[#Z�eaq"Z#T�]�h4Z#TAQ+h#]^h�Z#T�_vZ ��_aXVush�Z#TA[#e | jfT3��½m�¥_ab�cjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+h�Z#TAQme | Z\� | Z�]�b Z#T�Qm[#Q+� | ]V[#Q+c¹q´ea[ } _vZ`N OiTAQm]^b�� | Z q�ea[ } _vZ�q�ea[iZ\Q+h\Z#]�bAj!Z#TAQ } escAQ+X^hcAQ+h#]^jfbAQ+c | h�]^bAj � ÇsOiW Æ � � ��Ï � ÇRn { w#w�]^h�h#TAe­��b:]^b��/]Vj | [#Q ºAN Ö N¿OiTAQ�Z\Q+h#Z�q�ea[ } _vZ!]^b�/]Vj | [#Q�ºAN Ö S?efb�Z#_a]^b�hYZ#TAQ�]^bA� | Z/�g_v[=_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h�_ab�c3Z#T�Q+]V[YS?ea[#[�Q+h\� efb�c�]^bAj�]�b�]VZ#]^_aX�Ua�.b�_aX�_ab�c Z#TAQ]^b�S?[�Q } Q+bFZ��v_aX | Q+h+N4w Z�_aX�h\e3S?efbFZ#_a]�b�hi_aX^X"Z#T�Qme | Z\� | Z��g_v[=_ } Q`Z\Q`[�h`N

º µ

Page 52: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Å(´&*�Æ&´b�D�Å(´§µ(Á����³9¿1´&+�Æ�Û�*�½b���<�x�³9¿1Á�È�´hÅbpny�z�{hj|s2}f~h�2j|e�vhiD�µ�È�´&Á(ȧ´hÅ�~2{fj�z�{hj|s�}fe��5{uiD�

�/]Vj | [#QmºAN Ö Í wxb�� | Z�ORQ+h#Ziq´ea[ } _vZiq�ea[ � ÇsOiW Æ � � ��Ï � ÇRn { w�w

A¾-<; 0 � 1 1 ����� )+���-,-���.�/�.�� Ç �� ü��Ü 1 ���Õ��� Ç ��� �

wÒb Z#TAQ½ì «cM � ¯ ¬ Q » T/¯�·n·�S:T h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb Z#TAQ`[�Q3_v[#Q3Z ��e��v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q+h�eaqYZ 6 � Q TISIO ¶�_ab�c�¼ ¯ºQ N wÒb_ac�c�]^Z#]Vefb~Z\e Z#TAQ+h\QJc�_vZ#_ÿZ 6 � Q+h Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_¿T�_ah�eaZ#TAQ`[ c�_vZ#_ÿZ 6 � Q+h`N ��_vZ#_¿O 6 � Q+h�]^b Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_S`_ab 5 Q�S`X^_ah#h�]V��Q+c ]^b�Z\emZ ��etS`_vZ\Q`jaea[�]VQ+h+U§� T/¯ � ¯ºQ¿¯ºµ�SÔ��O2Q�O » Y/PfS À O�° ¬ L ® � P ®5À ¯¿QBS���O2Q�O » Y/PfS À�N��[=] } ]VZ#]V�aQ�c�_vZ#_�Z 6 � Q+h4_v[#Qi_vZ\e } ]^S�_ab�c S`_abgbAeaZ 5 Q�cAQ+S?e } ��efh#Q+c"N4o�e } � efh#]VZ\Q�c�_vZ#_�Z 6 � Q+h�_v[#QbAeaZ�Q+X^Q } Q+bFZ#_aX��¯_aX | Q+h�_ab�c Z#TAQ 6 S`_ab 5 Q�cAQ`�gb�Q+c 5�6 cAQ+h#S?[=] 5 ]^bAj�Z#TAQ+]V[�S?efb�Z\Q+b�Z#h`N {s| �g��ea[�Z¶q�ea[c�]W9 Q`[#Q+b�Zmc�_vZ#_JZ 6 � Q+h�]^b ��É�O�� ]^h�c�]�h#S | h#h\Q+c ]^bÿZ#TAQ q�efX^XVeÞ��]^bAjJh\Q+S?Z#]VefbìN���É�O�� h | ��� ea[#Z#h_aX^X�Z#TAQJ��[�] } ]VZ#]V�aQ�cg_vZ#_ Z 6 ��Q+h X�]VuaQ¹]�bFZ\Q`jaQ`[�h+U�[#Q+_aX^h`U 5 e7efXVQ+_ab�h�_ab�c 5 ]VZ#h+N¿w Z _aX^h\e ��[�e­�s]^cAQ+hh | �g��ea[�Ztq�ea[!S?e } ��efh�]VZ\Q�c�_vZ#_ÿZ 6 ��Q+h h | S�Tþ_ah 5 ]VZ ý �aQ+S?Z\ea[=h3_ab�cþh\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h`N~OiT�Q q�efX^XVeÞ��]^bAjh\Q+S?Z#]Vefbghic�]^h#S | h#h�Z#TAQtc�]�9�Q`[#Q+b�Z�S?e } � efh#]VZ\Qtcg_vZ#_ Z 6 � Q+hi_ab�c�Z#TAQ+]^[ih | ��� ea[#Z�]^b���É�O���N

ÕDÔ�?xÔB× � è�æ ç³äuå�æ2âqá4ú

� M�]VZYÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[i]^hY_�h\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q�eaq 5 ]VZ#h`N/W _aS=TJQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z eaqR_ 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�S`_ab 5 Q�Q+]VZ#T�Q`[Yz�ea[ µ N �5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�]^h�cAQ+S`X^_v[#Q+c 5�6 Q+b�S`_v�.h | X^_vZ#]^b�j Z#TAQ 5 ]^Z#h���]VZ#T�]^b�h#� | _v[#Q 5 [�_aS#uaQ`Z#h`N�OiTAQtc�]�9�Q`[#Q+b�ZQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�]�b�_ 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�_v[#Q�h\Q`�g_v[�_vZ\Q+c 5�6 S?e }3} _ah`NN�PÈn� � M�]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�S`_ab 5 Q�cAQ`�gbAQ+c�_ah

Ý&Þ�ß�à�á&â�ß(ãPäæå&å%ß�ç%èæá�Þ�é�éká1ê9ë�á9ì�â1áËí�Ý�Þ�ß!î�ï �

� X^X Z#TAQ�ea� Q`[�_vZ#]Vefbgh�Z#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Qm� Q`[#q�ea[ } Q+cJeÞ�aQ`[ 5 ]VZ#h�_v[#Q�jaQ+bAQ`[=_aX^]V¾`Q+c�Z\e 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h`NYOiTAQea� Q`[�_vZ#]Vefb�h�_v[�Qm��Q`[�q´ea[ } Q+c 5�6 ea��Q`[=_vZ#]^bAj efbJZ#TAQ�h#_ } Qt]^b�cAQ?�sQ+c 5 ]VZ#h�q�[#e } Z#TAQmZ �Ye 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S ý

ºFy

Page 53: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Z\ea[�h`Nþwxq�_ab 6 eaq�Z#TAQ 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h3]^h X^efbAjaQ`[3Z#TAQ+bþZ#TAQ�h�TAea[#Z\Q`[ 5 ]^Z\�aQ+S?Z\ea[ ]^h��g_ac�c�Q+cþZ\e~Z#TAQXVQ`q�Z���]VZ#Tdzh�Ph`NmO¶e�_aX^XVe­� 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�eaq h\� Q+S`]V�gS�XVQ+bAjaZ#T�h`U _¹h\� Q+S`]^_aX¶h | 5 Z 6 � Qteaq 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�]^hcAQ`�gb�Q+c"N � ��ea[�cAZ 6 � Q3q�ea[ } Q`[�Z#_vuaQ+h!_db�_vZ | [�_aX�b | }t5 Q`[�_aht_ab�_v[#j | } Q+b�Z�_ab�c:h\Q+XVQ+S?Z#h�_aX^XZ#TAQ 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�hiZ#Tg_vZiT�_+�aQ�Z#TAQtXVQ+bAjaZ#T�_ah�Z#TAQth\� Q+S`]V�gQ+c¹bg_vZ | [�_aXìb | }�5 Q`[­N

­|~�thr4j&¥4z|i�w£y����Ip�yhjfi�v�i4t[�Ü��� k2i2jDw£�Rp�j�}fifg5jh~4t��íphk¦k�ih�Üw£�������Rp5j�}hi|g�jh~4t£ð�À���¡ yq�q�

OiTAQ�c�Q`�gb�]VZ#]Vefbgh

­|~4t�r ���/kn{��fj1¥4zuiÜw<�[p�j�}hi|g5jf~4t��íphkF­f~4t�r�j&¥�zuiÜw��9¸u����§¥�jfiE���/k´{��hj&¥4z|i�w£�Rp�j�}fifg�jf~�tR�íp�kF­|~4t�r�j1¥4zuiÜw·8u���y�¥4������iE��� kn{��hj&¥�zui�w£�Rp5j�}fifg�j�~4t[� phkÏ­|~�thr4j&¥4z|i�wI¢[���

cAQ`�gb�Q�bAQ`� Z 6 � Q+h S`_aX^X^Q+c���ea[�c"U 576 Z\QaU�_ab�cób 675�5 XVQdZ#T�_vZ¹Tg_+�aQ µ+Ô U Ö _ab�cèº�q�ea[JX^Q+bAjaZ#T�h[#Q+h\� Q+S?Z#]V�aQ+X 6 N

ï"ã�Ú�²�³�� ðR³HªRÄþß�Ú�Û`«=� Ú&ñ챶³�¬¯Ú7â:Úsª�«­Û�� ®.¬ Á ³´«+Ü�Ú7²a«­®g¬¯Û

OiTAQ�h#��Q+S`]^�gS`_vZ#]Vefbåeaq�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+bFZ#h q�ea[ 5 ]VZ �aQ+S?Z\ea[�h¹]^h Z#TAQÿh#_ } Qd_ah h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 ]^bAj Z#TAQdZ\Q+h\Z[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+bFZ#hmq�ea[���[=] } ]VZ#]V�aQ!c�_vZ#_�Z 6 � Q+h�X^]VuaQ![#Q+_aX^h`U�]^b�Z\Q`jaQ`[�h�Q`Z#SvN { � Q+S`]Vq 6 ]^bAj¹Z#TAQ Z\Q+h\Z�[#Q ý� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h q�ea[���[=] } ]VZ#]V�aQ�c�_vZ#_~Z 6 ��Q+h ]^h3_aS=TAQ+]V�aQ+c 5�6 | h#]�bAj QBS À Q TISD¯ Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_:q | b�S?Z#]Vefb"NOiT�]�htq | b�S?Z#]Vefb���]�X^X 5 Q�h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 ]^b�j�_ XVe­��Q`[ 5 e | b�cìU | ��� Q`[ 5 e | b�c�_ab�cå_abþ]^b�S?[�Q } Q+bFZ!q�ea[Z#TAQ��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ+h`N/�Aea[�Q?�A_ } �gXVQ�Z#TAQ�q | b�S?Z#]^efb�cAQ+S`X^_v[=_vZ#]Vefb jfiuk�j tfi1¬�wI}fe�t�®c�N�£�U® �D�<�®´�N�£��� ]^b�] ýZ#]^_aX^]�h\Q+h µ NPz¿_ah Z#TAQ�XVe­��Q`[ 5 e | b�cìU4¼7NPzC_ah!Z#TAQ | ��� Q`[ 5 e | b�c:_abgcå]^b�S?[#Q } Q+b�Z#h ]^bþh\Z\Q`�gh!eaqµ NPz q´ea[�Z#TAQt�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ }|e2t NiOiTAQ�Z\Q+h#Z�[#Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h�q´ea[ 5 ]VZ��aQ+S?Z\ea[�hm_v[#Q�h#��Q+S`]^��Q+cdh#] } ]^X^_v[�X 6 NOiTAQ`[�Qi��]^X^X 5 Q�_tXVeÞ�YQ`[ 5 e | b�c!Z#T�_vZ�]^h h#��Q+S`]^��Q+c3_ah�_ 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�_ab�c¹_ab | �g��Q`[ 5 e | b�c3h\� Q+S`] ý��Q+cJ_ah 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[­N OiTAQ�]^b�S?[#Q } Q+bFZ�]^h�h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c¹_ah�_�[#Q+_aX b | }�5 Q`[+N4OiT�]^h�]^h�]^X^X | h\Z\[�_vZ\Q+c���]VZ#T

ºF¸

Page 54: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

_ h#_ } �.XVQ�Q?�s_ } �.XVQaN jfi|k5j tfi�¬xw7}|e�t�®hÓò�U®I�®I�®I�1ÕU®hÓ/��®´��®I�]®I��Õ�®:��� ]�b�]VZ#]^_aX^]�h\Q+h }|e2t Z#T�_vZ�]^h�eaqZ 6 � Q 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[�Z\e!Tg_+�aQ$� zsUPzsUPzsUPz5�¶_ah�Z#TAQ�XVe­��Q`[ 5 e | b�c"U�� µ U µ UPzsUPz5�¶_ah�Z#TAQ | ��� Q`[ 5 e | b�c3_ab�c µ_ah�Z#T�Q�]^b�S?[�Q } Q+bFZ`N Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_�h | ��� ea[#Z#h.¼ µ�U�°�O2Q7ï ñ�_abgc °�O2Q¿U ¼ µ�ï ñ�q | b�S?Z#]Vefbgh4Z#T�_vZ qH_aS`]^X^]^Z#_vZ\QiZ#TAQS?efb��aQ`[�h#]Vefb eaq�_ 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[mZ\e�_Jb�_vZ | [�_aX/_ab�c _�b�_vZ | [�_aX�Z\eJ_ 5 ]VZ\�aQ+S?Z\ea[m[#Q+h\� Q+S?Z#]V�aQ+X 6 N�OiTAQ]^b�S?[�Q } Q+bFZiS`_abdZ#T | h 5 Q�h#��Q+S`]^��Q+c�_ah�_ b�_vZ | [�_aXìb | }t5 Q`[+N

M�]VZ\É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�_v[#Q�S?efb�Z#_a]^bAQ`[�hmeaq 5 ]VZ#h+N�OiT�Q 6 T�_­�aQ3efb�X 6 zh�Ph�_ab�c µ �Ph�_ah�Z#TAQ �¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`N Æ efh\Q`Z\Z#_3_aX^h#e3h | ��� ea[#Z#h�S?e } � efh#]VZ\Q�c�_vZ#_!Z 6 � Q+h�Z#Tg_vZi_v[#Q�S?efbFZ#_a]�bAQ`[�h�eaq�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#hZ#T�_vZ } _ 6 bAeaZ 5 Q�zh�Phm_ab�c µ �Ph`NmOiTAQ+h\Q!c�_vZ#_ Z 6 ��Q+h�_v[#Qýì S´Q À�_ab�cíì S.¯ � S:°[«/S À�N { Q`Z#h��g[#e­�s]^cAQ_ S?efbFZ#_a]�bAQ`[ q´ea[3_ h\� Q+S`]V�gQ+cCZ 6 � QJZ#T�_vZ ]^h!bAeaZ ]^b�cAQ?�sQ+cþ_ab�cþcAe7Q+h�b�eaZ!S?efb�Z#_a]^båc | �gX^]^S`_vZ\Q]VZ\Q } h+N.ì S.¯ � S:°�«ZS Àt]^bgcAQ?�¹Q+X^Q } Q+bFZ#h�_aX^XVeÞ��]^bAj3]^bgc�]V�s]^c | _aXgQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#hi��]VZ#Tg]^bJZ#TAQ$ì S.¯ � S:°[«/S Z\e5 Q�_aS`S?Q+h#h\Q+c"N

ÕDÔ�?xÔ±Ó ��äk±�ùDäuë�åhäuú

OiTAQ!q�Q+_vZ | [#Q+h�eaq O�T/T7O�Y À _ab�c𶠯 À Q À3_v[#Q S?e }t5 ]^bAQ+c ]^b�Z\e�_¹h�]^bAjfXVQ!c�_vZ#_�h\Z\[ | S?Z | [#Q!S`_aX^XVQ+cðì S ¯ � Sc°�«/S �PÈ���N { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h�_v[�Q ]^b�c�Q?�7Q+c:h\edZ#T�_vZ!]^b�cg]V�7]�c | _aX¶Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�S`_ab 5 Q3[�_ab�c�e } X 6 _aS ýS?Q+h#h\Q+c:��]VZ#T~Z#TAQ+]V[t]^bgcAQ?��N¹�Aea[!]^X^X | h#Z\[�_vZ#]Vefb � | [���efh#Q+hm]Vq§ì Ìóò�ô Ä U Ä ôöõ Z#TAQ+b:h­�HzF�d- µ U/h­� µ �-�y3_ab�c�h­��yf�#- µ N � { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q�S`_ab�T�_­�aQ } | XVZ#]^�gXVQ�]^b�h#Z#_ab�S?Q+hieaq4Z#TAQ!h#_ } Q��¯_aX | QaN�wxbdZ#TAQ_ 5 e­�aQ�Q?�A_ } �gX^QmQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z � µ �g_v��� Q+_v[�h�]^bJZ �Ye¹]^b�h\Z#_abgS?Q+h`N�OiTAQ�h\Q+� | Q+b�S?QG,´�h�÷/ q´ea[ } Q`[iq�ea[ } hh\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h 5�6 Q?�7Z\Q+bgh#]Vefb"N O�TAQ�ea[�cAQ`[�eaq¶Z#TAQtQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�]^b�Z#T�Q�h\Q+� | Q+b�S?Qt]^h�Z#T�Qth#_ } Qt_ah�Z#TAQXVQ?�A]^S`_aX ea[�cAQ`[=]^bAj ]^bJZ#TAQ�q�ea[ } Q`[­N

ºaº

Page 55: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ï"ã�Ú�²�³�� ðR³HªRÄþß�Ú�Û`«=� Ú&ñ챶³�¬¯Ú7â:Úsª�«­Û�� ®.¬�ï"Ú1ñ챶ÚsªR²fÚ7Û

OiTAQ�h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb�eaq.Z\Q+h\Z/[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�q´ea[4h\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h4]�h�cg]W9�Q`[�Q+bFZ�q´[�e } h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 ]^bAj�Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h\Z[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+bFZ#h�q�ea[���[�] } ]^Z#]V�aQ�c�_vZ#_!Z 6 � Q+h`N�O�TAQ�Z\Q+h#Z�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�q´ea[���[=] } ]VZ#]V�aQ�c�_vZ#_!Z 6 � Q+hS?efb�Z#_a]^b�h�h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 ]^bAjJZ#TAQ¹XVe­��Q`[ 5 e | bgc"U | �g��Q`[ 5 e | bgc¿_ab�cC]^bgS?[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�q�ea[tZ#TAQ �¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ+h`NM | Z�Z#TAQ�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�q´ea[ { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h�S?efb�Z#_a]^bJefb�X 6 ]^b�]VZ#]^_aX�]V¾`Q+c3�v_aX | Q+h�_ab�cJcAe bAeaZ�S?efb�Z#_a]^b_ab 6 �gb�_aXa�v_aX | Q+h"ea[/_ab 6 ]�b�S?[#Q } Q+b�Z`N � q�Z\Q`[RZ#TAQ�]^b�]VZ#]^_aXv�v_aX | Q+hR_v[#QYh\� Q+S`]V�gQ+cmZ#TAQ ]^bgc�]V�s]^c | _aXÞQ+X ýQ } Q+b�Z#hR]^b�Z#T�Q�h\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q S`_ab 5 Q4_aS`S?Q+h#h\Q+c���]VZ#Tm_abt]^b�cAQ?� N jfi|k5j tfi�¬xw7}|e�t�®hÓ£e�z�zu��i|kË®I~�t|e5y|vhi|kË®<v4tfe�zfiuk�Õ��]^h4_ab�Q?�s_ } �.XVQ�eaq�h#��Q+S`]^q 6 ]^bAj�Z#TAQ�[#Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ4q�ea[ h\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h+N }|e�t ]^h/eaq Z 6 � Q ì S.¯ � S:°[«/S _ab�cZ#TAQ�]^b�]VZ#]^_aX�]V¾`Q+cJ�¯_aX | Qt]^h Ó£e�z�z���i|kË®7~4t|e5y|v�iukË®<v�tfe�zui|k�Õ N4OiT�Q�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�_v[#Q�]^bgcAQ?�7Q+c�q´[#e } z_ab�c�Z#T�Q�]^b�c�]V�s]^c | _aX�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�S`_ab 5 Q�_aS`S?Q+h�h\Q+cd��]VZ#TJZ#TAQ�]^b�c�Q?��N

©+â:ã�ä�ÚsâCÚsª�«­ÂA«Þ³�®�ªþ°¶Ú�«­Âg³Hä�Û3®k��ï Ú&ñ챶Ú7ª¶²fÚ7Û

OiTAQ ]^bg]VZ#]^_aX^]V¾`Q+cd�¯_aX | Q+h�q´ea[mZ#TAQ h\Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+ht_v[#Q!Q?�7Z\[�_aS?Z\Q+cCq´[�e } Z#T�Q Z\Q+h\Zm[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h��gXVQ576 �g_v[�h�]^bAjtZ#T�Q�Z\Q+h#Z�[�Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#h`N�OiTAQ��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ�b�_ } Qm_ab�c¹Z#TAQm]^b�]VZ#]�_aX^]^h\Q+c �v_aX | Q+h�q�ea[�Z#TAQ�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ _v[#Q¹h\Z\ea[#Q+c~]�b~_�c�_vZ#_�h#Z\[ | S?Z | [#QaN OiTAQ3�v_aX | Q+h�_v[�Q�h\Z\ea[#Q+c~]�b¿Z#TAQ3ea[�c�Q`[t]^b ��T�]�S�TZ#TAQ 6 _v�g��Q+_v[J]^b�Z#TAQ�Z\Q+h#Z¹[�Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z��gXVQaN wxb¤Z#TAQÿ�aQ+S?Z\ea[�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\ea[JZ#TAQ+h\Q �v_aX | Q+h¹_v[#Q_aS`� | ]V[#Q+c�_ab�c 5 _ah\Q+c�efbtZ#TAQ�q | b�S?Z#]Vefb�_aX�]VZ 6 h\� Q+S`]V��Q+c�]^b�Z#T�Q�h#S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh¶�gXVQ Z#T�Q�S?ea[#[�Q+h\� efb�c�]^bAjea� Q`[�_vZ#]Vefb�]^h���Q`[�q´ea[ } Q+c:_ab�c:Z#TAQJS?efb�S?[#Q`Z\QJZ\Q+h\Z!�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h _v[#QJjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+c"N¿�Aea[!Q?�s_ } �.XVQ¹]^qe ]^h�]^b�]VZ#]�_aX^]^h\Q+c Z\e3Z#TAQth#Q+� | Q+bgS?Q Ó£e�z�zu��i|kË®I~�t|e5y|vhi|kË®<v�t|e5zui|k�Õ UaZ#T�Q+b e�Ó£�1Õ S?ea[#[#Q+h#��efbgc�h�Z\eZ#TAQ�Q+X^Q } Q+bFZ e�z�zu��i|k U e�ÓZ�%Õ S?ea[#[�Q+h\� efb�c�h�Z\e3Z#TAQmQ+X^Q } Q+bFZ ~�t|e5y|vhi|k _abgc�h\e3efb"N

Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_¹h | ��� ea[#Z#h�_ab�eaZ#TAQ`[�S?e } ��efh�]VZ\Q�cg_vZ#_vZ 6 ��QÃÀ S´Q À=N { Q`Z#h�_v[#Q�_aX^h#e¹S?efX^X^Q+S?Z#]VefbdeaqQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`U 5 | ZtZ#TAQ`[#QJ]^h�bAe�ea[=cAQ`[�]^bAj�_ } efbAjÿZ#TAQ Q+X^Q } Q+bFZ#h�eaqiZ#TAQJh\Q`Z`U�h\eÿZ#TAQJ]^b�c�]^�7]^c | _aXQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#hmS`_ab�bAeaZ 5 Q!_aS`S?Q+h#h\Q+c¿��]VZ#T�_ab¿]�b�cAQ?� N���Q+bAQ`[�_vZ#]^bAjJZ\Q+h\Zm�aQ+S?Z\ea[=hmq´ea[ { Q`Z#hm]^h�h#] } ] ý

ºF¼

Page 56: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

X^_v[mZ\e�jaQ+b�Q`[�_vZ#]^bAj�Z#TAQ Z\Q+h#Zm�aQ+S?Z\ea[�htq�ea[ { Q+� | Q+b�S?Q+h`N M | Zm��Tg]^XVQ�Q?�7Z\[�_aS?Z#]�bAj�Z#TAQ3]^bg]VZ#]^_aX^]^h#Q+c�v_aX | Q+h�q�ea[�Z#TAQt�¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ+h�q�[#e } Z#T�Q | h\Q`[�h#��Q+S`]^��Q+cJZ\Q+h\Z�[�Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#hi_ab�cdh#Z\ea[�]^bAj Z#TAQ } ]^b_3c�_vZ#_ ý h#Z\[ | S?Z | [#QaUgZ#TAQ�ea[�cAQ`[�eaq�Z#T�Q�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�]^bJ��T�]^S�TJZ#T�Q�Q+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h�_v[#Q�h\Z\ea[#Q+c�bAQ`Q+c�bAeaZ5 Q3S?efb�h#]^c�Q`[#Q+c"N �dea[#Q`e­�aQ`[!��]^Z#T~_�h\Q`Z`U�Z\Q+h\Zt�aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�S`_ab�b�eaZ 5 Q jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c:q´ea[�]^b�c�]^�7]^c | _aXQ+XVQ } Q+b�Z#h`N�É4Q+S?Z\ea[=h�h#T�e | X^c 5 QmjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c�q´ea[iZ#T�QmQ+bFZ#]V[�QtS?efX^XVQ+S?Z#]Vefb�eaq¶Q+XVQ } Q+bFZ#h`N

º Ô

Page 57: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� ��� �"!$#&% ø

ù ú � º » �Y£ ¦

wÒb¿Z#TAQ3S�Tg_v��Z\Q`[�h�Z#T | hmqH_v[�Z#TAQ } Q`Z#TAe7c�efXVeaj 6 eaqYjaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ#]Vefb~eaq�Z\Q+h\Zt�aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�q�[#e } Æ efh#Q`Z\Z#_h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb�h�T�_ah 5 Q`Q+b�c�]^h#S | h�h\Q+c"N/wxb¹Z#T�]�h�S�T�_v��Z\Q`[�Z#T�]^h } Q`Z#TAescAefXVeaj 6 ]^h�]^X^X | h\Z\[�_vZ\Q+c ��]VZ#Th\e } Q�h�_ } �gXVQ�Q?�A_ } �gXVQ+h`N { S�T } ]�cAZ�O¶[�]VjajaQ`[�_ab�c � X�_v[ } o�XVesS#u Q?�s_ } �.XVQ+h�_v[#Q | h\Q+cJZ\e ]^X^X | h ýZ\[�_vZ\Q�Z#T�]^h } Q`Z#TAescAefXVeaj 6 N ��5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�_abgc�o�efb�S?[#Q`Z\Q�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�q�ea[ 5 eaZ#T¹Z#TAQ�Q?�s_ } �gXVQ+h�_v[#Qc�]^h�S | h#h\Q+cJTAQ`[#QaN

F§-/, 0 ��J �î�IC��-�d�ì� 0.0�� �

��ÔB×qÔB× ûEùEëEå�æ�èBâ�ëDê�þBè�æ!Obê�ë��ü��ø¨äuåfèÅé¤åhê�æ�èBâ�ë

� { S=T } ]^c�Z O¶[�]VjajaQ`[J]^h _þh#� | _v[#Qÿ��_+�aQ jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ#]^b�jþS`]^[�S | ]VZ�S?e } ��efb�Q+bFZJ��]VZ#T¤T 6 h\Z\Q`[#Q+h�]^h`NwxqiZ#TAQ¹e | Z\� | Z��¯_aX | Q Q?�AS?Q`Q+c�h _��g_v[#Z#]^S | X^_v[��v_aX | Q � | ��� Q`[�Z#TA[#Q+h#TAefX�c.��ea[ ]Vqi]VZ�jae7Q+h 5 Q+X^e­�_ÿS?Q`[#Z#_a]^b:�¯_aX | Qÿ�HXVeÞ�YQ`[ Z#TA[�Q+h#TAefX^c.��Z#TAQ e | Z\� | Zt�v_aX | Q¹S�T�_ab�jaQ+h`N�wxq�Z#TAQJ]^bA� | Z��¯_aX | Q ]^h�]^b5 Q`Z ��Q`Q+b¿Z#TAQ | ��� Q`[�Z#TA[#Q+h�TAefX^cÿ_ab�c Z#TAQ XVe­��Q`[�Z#TA[�Q+h#TAefX^c�Z#TAQ+b Z#TAQ e | Z\� | Z��v_aX | Q![#Q } _a]^b�hZ#TAQth�_ } QaN

º�È

Page 58: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

dfehg�i�jlk�gnm4oqp�r�jfs�j�tup2v�vhi4txwcpny�z�{hj|s2}f~h�2jfe�vhi�����p�y�tfi�e����~2{hj4z�{fj|s2}|e���{ui"����~�{fj �Rp5jR��p�k

�f� �4~|g�e�� rhifg4��e�t|e2j�p2~2y�k �4��������[p�j���ui4vupny�k5jfe�jfi�s��ue|k2i4r�f� d|p�t�k5j zfthi�g�~�y|r|p�j�p2~2y ���zfthi[����wcpny�z�{hj|s2}f~h�2j|e�vhi��b�E�<�u��e�yfr�wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i �b�D�<����f� d|p�t�k5j zu~|k5j�g2~2yfrup�jup�~�y �4�zu~|k5jR�N�Yp�d�wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i �����<���

j4mui�y�w<� �7¡h�u�ih�|k�i�p2d�w:p�y�z�{fjfs�}f~���jfe4vhi�� ¢ �£���

j4m|i2y�w<� �7¡[���ih�fk2i"w<� �7¡2�q�

i�y|r�p2dD�~2{hj¤��w/~2{hj4z�{fj|s2}|e���{ui&¡ �¤�:�i2yfr¦dfehg�i4j�k�g�m�oqp�r�j|s2j�tup2v�v�i4tE�

��]^j | [#Qt¼7N µ Í�{ S�T } ]�cAZ�OR[�]^jajaQ`[ { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]Vefb

�A[#e } Z#TAQJh\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb:]^b��/]Vj | [#QJ¼7N µ �YQJS`_abåh\Q`Q¹Z#T�_vZ!Z#TAQ¹S?e } ��efb�Q+bFZ!T�_ah ¯±° P � Q µ ®�¶ Q�O´·�S U._abd]^bA� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q�Z#Tg_vZ�]^h�eaq/Z 6 � Q�[#Q+_aX�N ® � Q¸P � Q µ5O ¶ � S ]�h�Z#TAQ�e | Z\� | Z��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQZ#T�_vZ�]^h�eaq/Z 6 � Q 5 ]VZ`N O�TAQtcAe } _a]�b�]^b�S`X | c�Q+c�]^h§À Q�O�QBS ¼ O À S ¬vN�OiT�Qm��[�h\Z�Z\Q`[ } P�TIS!ô ]^bgc�]^S`_vZ\Q+hZ#T�_vZYZ#TAQ�]^b�� | Z4�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ ¯º°�P � Q µ ®2¶ Q�O´·�S h#TAe | X^c 5 Q 5 Q`Z ��Q`Q+b zsNPz�_ab�c ¼7NPzsNYOiTAQiZ\Q`[ } X^_ 5 Q+XVQ+c® � Q c�Q+h#S?[�] 5 Q+h�Z#TAQJ[#Q+X^_vZ#]Vefb�h�T�]V� 5 Q`Z �YQ`Q+bþZ#TAQJe | Z\� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ _ab�c�Z#TAQJXVesS`_aX^X 6 cAQ+S`X�_v[#Q+c�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQaN/OiTAQ�h\Q+S?efb�c�Z\Q`[ } X�_ 5 Q+X^Q+c P ®5À Q{ô cAQ+h#S?[=] 5 Q+h4Z#TAQ�_aS?Z | _aXgq | b�S?Z#]Vefbg_aX^]VZ 6 eaq"Z#TAQ�S?e } ý� efbAQ+b�Z`N�wxq�Z#TAQi�v_aX | Q�eaq�Z#TAQ�]^bA� | Z/�¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ�]^h4XVQ+h#h�Z#T�_ab µ NPzmZ#T�Q+b Z#TAQi�v_aX | Q�eaq Z#TAQicAQ+S`X�_v[#Q+c�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ3]�h�zsNJw q�Z#TAQ��v_aX | Q ]^hmja[#Q+_vZ\Q`[�Z#T�_ab~ºANPzdZ#TAQ+b~Z#T�Q cAQ+S`X^_v[�Q+c¿�¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ3]^h µ N¹wxq�Z#TAQ�v_aX | Q�eaq�Z#TAQ�]^bA� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 X^QJX�]VQ+h 5 Q`Z ��Q`Q+b µ NPz~_ab�cèºANPz¿Z#TAQ+båZ#TAQ��v_aX | Q�eaq�Z#TAQ�cAQ+S`X�_v[#Q+c�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ�Q+� | _aX^h�Z#T�Qm�¯_aX | Qmeaq�Z#T�Qm�¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ�]^bJZ#TAQm�g[#Q`�7]^e | h�h\Z#_vZ\QaN

��ÔB×qÔ±Ó Û äuú�æ��xåhäuëDêRá4èBâ�ú

M�_ah\Q+cJefb¹Z#TAQ�S?efb�c�]VZ#]VefbghYh\� Q+S`]V�gQ+c�]^b¹�/]Vj | [#Qm¼7N µ _�h�S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh��gXVQ�]^hYjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c"N � h�h#TAeÞ��b

º Ö

Page 59: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

dfehg�i�jlk�gnm4oqp�r�jfs�j�tup2v�vhi4txwcpny�z�{hj|s2}f~h�2jfe�vhiD���Ip�y�thihe����I~�{fj4z�{fjfs�}|e���{|i����£~2{hjí�Rp�j[��phk�������[p�j���ui4vupny�k5jfe�jfi�s��ue|k2i4r*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|su�N��wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i&���N�£���©e�yfr"w<� ��¡������*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|s1¦E��wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i&�K¢ �£���©e�yfr"w<� ��¡ �����*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|s�7���wcp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�ií¡f�K¢��<���&e�y|r�w:p�y�z�{fjfs�}h~h��jfe4v�i ��¡��N�<�u�©e�yfr�w<�¤��¡������*�Â1Â�+1Á&´|s�¢ ��w/~2{hj4z�{fj|s2}|e���{uið¡�� �c�q�i2yfr¦dfehg�i4j�k�g�m�oqp�r�j|s2j�tup2v�v�i4tE�

�/]Vj | [#Qt¼7N·y Í�{ S?Q+b�_v[�]^efh�q´ea[ { S�T } ]^cAZ�OR[=]VjajaQ`[

]^b��/]Vj | [�Qm¼7N·y Z#TAQ�S?efb�c�]VZ#]^efb�h�U»Z#T�_vZi��Q`[#Qth\� Q+S`]V��Q+cJ]^b¹Z#TAQ�h#��Q+S`]^�gS`_vZ#]Vefb�]^b��/]Vj | [�Qm¼7N·y7U�_v[#Q[#Q`��[�Q+h\Q+bFZ\Q+c _ah 5 e�efX^Q+_ab�S?efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb�h�]^b�Z#TAQ!h#S?Q+b�_v[=]Vefh��gXVQaN�O�TAQt��[=h\Z�h#S?Q+bg_v[�]VeJ]^h�e 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+c576 [�Q+� | ]^[�]^bAjJZ#TAQ3�g[#Q ý S?efb�c�]VZ#]^efb¿Z\e 5 Q3Z\[ | QaN¹OiT�Q3Z\Q+h\Z�h�S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefhtq´ea[�Z#TAQ3� efh\ZtS?efb�cg]VZ#]Vefb_v[#Q e 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+c 5�6 Q`�v_aX | _vZ#]^bAjdZ#TAQ�� efh\ZtS?efbgc�]VZ#]Vefb¿Z\eÿZ\[ | QaN�OiT�[#Q`Q�_aS`S?Q`��Z#_ab�S?QJS?efb�c�]^Z#]Vefb�h_v[#Q�e 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+c 576 Q`�v_aX | _vZ#]�bAj Z#TAQmwÒ� ý O�Î�WYl ý WYÇ { W¤h\Z#_vZ\Q } Q+b�Z#h`N

��ÔB×qÔ�? Û äuú�æ�Þ äk±�ù�è�á�äuü äuëNæ�ú

OiTAQ��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�_v[#QmjaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+cdq´[�e } Z#TAQmh#S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh+N �A[#e } Z#T�Q�h�S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefhi]�b¹�/]Vj | [#Q�¼7N·y ]VZ�S`_ab5 Q3]^bAq�Q`[#[#Q+cÿZ#T�_vZmZ#TAQ b | }�5 Q`[meaqYZ\Q+h#Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�Z#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q!jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c:S`_ab 5 Q!�aQ`[ 6 X^_v[#jaQ_ab�cdZ#TAQ`[#Q } | h\Z 5 Q�_�X^] } ]VZ�efbdZ#TAQ�b | }�5 Q`[�eaq/Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�Z#T�_vZ�S`_ab 5 Q�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+cìNiOiT�]^h]^h�_aS=T�]VQ`�aQ+c 5�6 h#��Q+S`]^q 6 ]^bAj�Z\Q+h\ZY[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h`N4OiTAQ+h\Q�Z\Q+h\Z [#Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h h\� Q+S`]Vq 6 Z#TAQ�]^b�]VZ#]^_aX�v_aX | Q+h`U¶�gb�_aX4�v_aX | Q+h�_ab�c~]^b�S?[�Q } Q+bFZ#htq´ea[�_aX^X4Z#TAQ¹]^bA� | Z��v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+h`N �/]Vj | [#Q�¼7N·¸dh�TAe­��htZ#TAQZ\Q+h\Zi[�Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#h`NQBS À Q T7S.¯ ]^h�Z#TAQ�cAQ+S`X^_v[�_vZ#]^efbJeaqRZ#TAQmq | b�S?Z#]Vefb¹Z#T�_vZi]�h | h\Q+c¹Z\e3]^b�]VZ#]^_aX�]V¾`Q�Z#TAQ�]�bA� | ZY�¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ+h`NOiTAQ�Z\Q`[ } X^_ 5 Q+XVQ+c ¶ ô _aS?Z | _aX^X 6 h\� Q+S`]V��Q+h�Z#TAQ!]^b�]VZ#]^_aXR�¯_aX | QaU �gb�_aX¶�¯_aX | Q�_ab�c ]^bgS?[#Q } Q+b�Z�q�ea[]^bA� | Zi�aefXVZ#_vjaQaNmOiTAQ�]^bA� | Z��¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ�]�h�]^b�]^Z#]^_aX^]V¾`Q+c�Z\eJzsNPzJ_ab�c�Z#TAQ } _¯�A] } | } �¯_aX | Q�]^h�¼7NPzsNwxZih#TAe | X^c 5 Q�]^bgS?[#Q } Q+b�Z\Q+c�]^b�h\Z\Q`�ghieaq�zsN·¼7N

ºFË

Page 60: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

z�ehg9«|e4vhi�k�g�m�oqp�r�j|s2j�tup2v�v�i4tfsPÆ�+§Ç©phk�ui4vupny �4~�vup�gdfehg�i�j�k�g�m�oqp�r�j|s2j�tup2v�v�i4tfsPÆ�+§ÇÜw:p�y�z�{hjfs�}�~h�2j|e2vhi����Ipny

thihe��x�I~�{fj�z�{fjfs�}fe���{|i����<~2{hj&tfi�e��u�©phkjfi|k5jfs�tfi�¬xw/e®ò�4®ZgË®7r ���òthihe��|�Ü���òt�ihe�����ui4vupny k5j|e2jfi�s���efk2i4r�����òjhiuk5jfs�thi1¬xw:p�y�z�{fjfs�}h~h��jfe4v�iU®<���<�®I�D�<�]®I�E�7�f���i2yfr¦dfehg�i4j�k4g�m�oqp2r4j|s2j�t�p�v�v�i4t|s�Æ�+§Çx�

i2yfr�z�ehg9«ue�vhi�k4g�m�oqp2r4j|s2j�t�p�v�v�i4t|s�Æ�+§Çx�

�/]Vj | [#Qt¼7N·¸ Í Æ Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Z#h�q´ea[ { S�T } ]^cAZ�OR[=]VjajaQ`[ { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efb

��ÔB×qÔÖÕ E�ùDæ�ø ùxæ�û£â�á�Ø�ý únæ2á�ê�å�æYÛ äuú�æ½çÃäuå�æ2âqá4ú èBë¶���"Ù�ûDâqá4ü ê[æ

OiTAQ�Z\Q+h#Z �aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�_v[#QijaQ+bAQ`[=_vZ\Q+c�q�[#e } Z#TAQ�jaQ+bAQ`[�_vZ\Q+c Z\Q+h\ZYh#S?Q+bg_v[�]Vefh�_ab�c�Z#TAQ | h#Q`[ h\� Q+S`]V��Q+cZ\Q+h\Z�[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+b�Z#h`N�OiTAQ�_ 5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[=h�_v[�Q�h#TAeÞ��bd]�bd�/]Vj | [#Q�¼7N»º¹_v[#Q�e 5 Z#_a]^bAQ+c 5�6Q`�v_aX | _vZ#]^bAj¹Z#TAQ��¯_v[=]^_ 5 XVQ+h�]^b�Z#TAQ!Z\Q+h\Zmh#S?Q+b�_v[�]Vefh��gX^Q�]^bÿ�/]Vj | [#Q ¼7N·y ��]VZ#T�Z#TAQ!�¯_aX | Q+h�eaqYZ#TAQ�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+h�q�[#e } Z#T�QmZ\Q+h\Z�[#Q+� | ]V[�Q } Q+bFZ#h�]�b���]^j | [#Qt¼7N·¸7N��}hi|g5jf~4t�k��hphk5jf���}hi|g5jf~4tf��fg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2yu��5z�e�tfe�o�i4jfi�t&o�~�rhiK¡ÊÉ�p�yæÉn�fpny�z�{fj|s2}f~���j|e�vhi©� � z�e2t|e�o�i4jhi4t|��2}|e��5{ui�� ���£�b� � }fe��5{uih�

� � g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y���fg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2yu��5z�e�tfe�o�i4jfi�t&o�~�rhiK¡ÊÉc~2{hjËÉn�4~2{hj4z�{hj|s2}|e��5{ui©� � z�e2t|e�o�i4jhi4t|��2}|e��5{ui�� ���£�b� � }fe��5{uih�

� � g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��� � }fifg�jf~�t|���}hi|g5jf~4tf��fg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2yu��5z�e�tfe�o�i4jfi�t&o�~�rhiK¡ÊÉ�p�yæÉn�fpny�z�{fj|s2}f~���j|e�vhi©� � z�e2t|e�o�i4jhi4t|��2}|e��5{ui�� ���<�¦� � }fe��5{uih�

� � g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y���fg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2yu��5z�e�tfe�o�i4jfi�t&o�~�rhiK¡ÊÉc~2{hjËÉn�4~2{hj4z�{hj|s2}|e��5{ui©� � z�e2t|e�o�i4jhi4t|��2}|e��5{ui�� ���£�b� � }fe��5{uih�

� � g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��

¼vz

Page 61: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� � }fifg�jf~�t|����������������������}hi|g5jf~4tf��fg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2yu���zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tðo[~4rhiK¡ÊÉ5pny]É´�fp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i©� � zue�tfe�o[i�jfi�t|���}fe���{|ih��¢��<�b� � }|e���{|ih�

� � g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y���fg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2yu���zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tðo[~4rhiK¡ÊÉ´~�{fjLÉn��~�{fj�z�{fjfs�}fe���{|i©� � zue�tfe�o[i�jfi�t|���}fe���{|ih�����<�b� � }|e���{|ih�

� � g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��� � }fifg�jf~�t|���}hi|g5jf~4tf��fg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2yu���zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tðo[~4rhiK¡ÊÉ5pny]É´�fp�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i©� � zue�tfe�o[i�jfi�t|���}fe���{|ih��¢��7�¦� � }|e���{|ih�

� � g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y���fg2~2y|r|p�jup�~2yu���zue�t|eno[i�jfi4tðo[~4rhiK¡ÊÉ´~�{fjLÉn��~�{fj�z�{fjfs�}fe���{|i©� � zue�tfe�o[i�jfi�t|���}fe���{|ih�����<�b� � }|e���{|ih�

� � g�~2yfrup5j�p�~�y��� � }fifg�jf~�t|�

� � }fifg�jf~�t[k2�fphk�j|�

�/]Vj | [#Q�¼7N»º Í ��5 h#Z\[�_aS?Z�O¶Q+h\ZiÉ4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�q´ea[ { S�T } ]^cAZiO¶[�]VjajaQ`[

��ÔB×qÔ�� ²�â�ëEåhá�ä|æ�ä&Û äuú�æ ç³äuå�æ2âqá�ú½èBë©þ"Ø çVÝ=�¦û£â�á4ü ê�æ

��5 h\Z\[�_aS?Z�ORQ+h\ZY�aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�_v[#Q�S?efb��aQ`[#Z\Q+c¹Z\e�Ì � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZ | h#]^bAj�_�h\Z 6 XVQ�h#TAQ`Q`Z`U Ï { ÇsOmN�OiTAQ_ 5 h\Z\[=_aS?Z�Z\Q+h\Z��aQ+S?Z\ea[�h�]^b¿�/]Vj | [#Q3¼7N»ºd_v[�Q3jf]V�aQ+b~_ah�_abC]^bA� | Z�Z\e Ï { ÇsOp_ab�c Z#TAQ e | Z\� | Z�]^hZ#TAQ�Ì � É�W { q´ea[ } _vZ�h#TAeÞ��b�]^b��/]Vj | [�Qt¼7N·¼7N

¼ µ

Page 62: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

p�y�z�{hj|s�}h~h�2j|e4v�i�~�{fj�z�{fjfs�}fe���{|i���£� �E�<����<� �E�<��N�£� �E�<��N�<� �E�<�¦E�£� �E�<�¦E�<� �E�<�7��£� �E�<�7��<� �E�<�¢ �£� ���<�¢ �<� ���<�

�/]Vj | [#Qt¼7N·¼ Í o�efb�S?[#Q`Z\Q�ORQ+h\Z�É4Q+S?Z\ea[�h�]�bJÌ � É�W { q�ea[ } _vZ

F§-76 �Ì?#��ì� ÿK?#�t���

� b � X�_v[ } o�XVesS#u�]^h4_mZ#] } Q�uaQ`Q`�g]�bAj�cAQ`�s]^S?QaN/w Z4��[�e­�s]^cAQ+h/Z#TAQ 5 _ah�]^S�S`_v�g_ 5 ]^X�]VZ 6 eaq"c�]�h\�gX^_ 6 ]^b�jZ#] } QaUmh\Q`Z\Z#]�bAjåZ#] } QaU�h\Q`Z\Z#]^bAjè_aX�_v[ } _ab�c h\e | b�c�]^bAj�Z#TAQ~_aX^_v[ } N OiTAQ q´efX�XVe­��]�bAj�_v[�Q~Z#TAQ[#Q+� | ]V[#Q } Q+bFZ#h�q�ea[�Z#TAQ�_aX�_v[ } S`XVesS#u Í

_ ̧TAQ+b�Z#TAQ À ScQ » ¯ � S 5 ]VZ ]^h�h#Q`Z`U�Z#TAQ Q¿¯ � S/ô/° ]�h h\Z\ea[#Q+c _ah « ¶W® «��5Q¿¯ � S _ab�c3e | Z\� | Z _ahYZ#TAQcg]^h\�gX^_ 6 Z#] } QaN

_ ̧TAQ+bJZ#TAQ�À ScQ ó ¶ O�T � 5 ]VZ�]^h�h\Q`Z`U�Z#T�Q Q¿¯ � S ô/° ]^h�h\Z\ea[#Q+c�_ah O ¶ O�T ��» ¯ � S _ab�cJe | Z\� | Z�_ahZ#T�Qtc�]^h\�.X^_ 6 Z#] } QaN

_ ��TAQ+b�Z#TAQ O ¶ O�T ��» ® ·�· ¶ S 5 ]^Z�]�hih\Q`Z`U�Z#TAQ O ¶ O�T ��� ° 5 ]VZi]^h�Z\eajajfX^Q+c"N

_ ̧TAQ+b Z#TAQ « ¶�® «�� » ¯ � S _ab�c O ¶ O�T �½» ¯ � S _v[#Q!Q+� | ]^�¯_aXVQ+b�Z�_ab�c O ¶ O2T ��� ° ]^h�T�]VjfT�Z#TAQ+bZ#T�Qt_aX^_v[ } h�TAe | X^c 5 Q�h\e | b�c�Q+c"UseaZ#TAQ`[#��]^h#Q�]VZih#TAe | X�c¹b�eaZ`N

_ O�TAQ�S`XVesS#u�]^b�S?[#Q } Q+bFZ#hi]^Z#h�Z#] } Qm�v_aX | Q���TAQ+b�Z#TAQmZ#] } Q�]^h�bAeaZ 5 Q+]^bAj!h\Q`Z`N

OiTAQ¹h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]VefbCeaqi_aX^_v[ } ]^hth�TAe­��b�]^b~�/]Vj | [#Q¹¼7N Ô NÿOiTAQ��._v[�_ } Q`Z\Q`[�]V¾`Q+c�X^]^h#Z�jf]V�aQ+h�Z#TAQ

¼ay

Page 63: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

{�k�i j�pco[ihs2j&¥�zuiuk��z�ehg9«|e4vhiKe���e2t2o p�k�ui4vupny���~4vup�gdfehg�i�j�e���e�t2o�Âh�4~|g9«��fi�m�wIjup´o�ik³ny¨���Ip�y©j�pco[ix�½rup�knz���e(¥1´�p´o�i����<~2{hj�j�p´o�iD�Ie���e2t2o.���<~�{fj&�Rp5j��

k2i�j�*f��e�t�o1���Ip�y��Rp�jE�:k�i4j&´up´o�i����Ip�y��Rp5j���e���e�t�ok´h~�v�vh��iE��� pny��[p�j[��phke���e�t�ok´�pco[i ���ýj�pco[iD�g4�4~|g%«�´�pco[i ���ýj�pco[iD�e���e�t�orµ�y ���Ã�Rp5j��

�ui4vupny�k5jfe�jfi�s��ue|k2i4rk2i�j�g���~|g%«¨�Yp�dlk2i�j&´�pco[i ¡��

j4m|i2y�w:g4��~fg9«&´�p´o�iD�ý¡Kj�p´o�ik³´yq��e5y|r�w r|phk´z���eP¥&´up´o[ix�ý¡¦jup´o[ih³ny��ih�fk2i�g���~|g%«�´up´o[ix� ¡lg4�4~|g%«�´�pco[ii2yfr�p2dD�

k2i�j|e���e�t�o1�Yp�dlk2i�j�*f��e�t�o�¡ �j4m|i2y�w/e���e2t2oh´�p´o�iD�ý¡Kj�p´o�ik³´yq��e5y|r�w r|phk´z���eP¥&´up´o[ix�ý¡¦jup´o[ih³ny��ih�fk2ibe���e�t�ok´up´o[ix� ¡�e���e�t�ok´�pco[ii2yfr�p2dD�

rup�knzu��e(¥�Âh�4~|g9«¤�Yk�i4j&´up´o�i�¡��be�yfrlk2i4j&*f��e�t2o�¡b�b¡h� rup�knz���e(¥1´�p´o�iD��¡lg4��~fg9«&´�p´o�iD�j�p�g9« �Úk2i�j&´up´o[i©¡f��g4�4~|g%«�´�pco[ix� ¡�p�y[g�thi5o[i�yfjfs�j�pco[iÜwcg4�4~|g%«�´�pco[i|���e�t�oRe���e�t�o1�Yp�d�e���e�t2oh´f~4v�vf�4i�¡��

j4m|i2yle���e�t�orµ5y¤�½¡©Ò�e���e2t2o�µ�yih�fk2ibe���e�t�orµ5y¤�½¡�e���e�t�orµ5yi2yfr�p2dD�

k2~�{�yfr ��e���e2t2o�µ�y�e5y|r�Ñxw/e���e�t2oh´�pco[i�¡�g���~fg9«�´up´o�i����i2yfr¦dfehg�i4j�e���e2t2o�Â���~fg9«�hi2m �

i2yfr�z�ehg9«ue�vhi¦e���e2t2o��

�/]Vj | [#Q�¼7N Ô Í�{ 6 h#Z\Q } ÇìQ`�aQ+X { � Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]VefbJq�ea[ � X^_v[ } o�X^e7S�u

¼a¸

Page 64: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

]^bA� | Z#h Z\e�Z#TAQÿh 6 h\Z\Q } _ab�c�Z#TAQÿe | Z\� | Z#h q´[�e } Z#TAQ h 6 h\Z\Q } N�wxbA� | Z#h3S?ea[#[#Q+h#��efbgc�Z\e�Z#TAQS?efb�Z\[#efXì�v_v[�]^_ 5 X^Q+h�Z\e3Z#TAQtS`XVesS#u�N

Q¿¯ � S/ô/°Jý S?efb�Z#_a]^b�h�Z#T�Q�S | [#[�Q+bFZ4Z#] } Q�]^bA� | Z/_abgc�S`_ab 5 Q | h#Q+c3Z\eth\Q`ZYQ+]VZ#TAQ`[YZ#TAQ�_aX^_v[ } Z#] } Qea[�Z#TAQ�S`XVesS#uJZ#] } QaN

¬ ¯ À P ¶ O�Y » ¯ � S�ý ]^h�Z#TAQmZ#] } Q 5 Q+]^bAj S | [#[#Q+b�Z#X 6 c�]^h\�gX�_ 6 Q+c"N

O ¶ O�T � ý c�[�]V�aQ+h�Z#TAQ�_ | c�] 5 XVQ�_aX^_v[ } N

À S´Q ó ¶ O�T � _ab�c À S´Q » ¯±°[S S?efb�Z\[#efX���TAQ`Z#T�Q`[�Z#T�Q�_aX^_v[ } Z#] } Q¹ea[�S`XVesS#u:Z#] } Q�_v[#Q�S | [�[#Q+bFZ#X 65 Q+]^b�j!h#Q`Z`N

O ¶ O�T �½» ® ·�· ¶ S�ý S`_ | h#Q+h�Z#TAQt_aX^_v[ } h\Q`Z�h\Z#_vZ\QtZ\e�Z\eajajfXVQaN

OiTAQ�h\Z#_vZ\Q!eaq4Z#TAQ!S`XVe7S�ud]^h�[#Q`��[#Q+h\Q+b�Z\Q+c 5�6 Z#T�Q�XVesS`_aXR�v_v[�]^_ 5 XVQ+h`N�OiT�Q�]^b�Z\Q`[�b�_aXR�¯_v[�]�_ 5 XVQ+hieaqZ#TAQth 6 h\Z\Q } _v[#Q Í

« ¶�® «�� » ¯ � Stý OiT�]^h 5 ]VZ } _a]^bFZ#_a]�b�h�Z#TAQtS | [�[#Q+bFZ�Z#] } QaN

O ¶ O�T �½» ¯ � S�ý wxZ�h\Z\ea[#Q+hiZ#TAQ��v_aX | Qmeaq�Z#TAQ�Z#] } Q�_ah�h\e7S`]�_vZ\Q+c���]VZ#T�h#e | b�c�]^b�j�Z#TAQ�_aX^_v[ } N

O ¶ O�T �� ° ]�hK, µ / ��TAQ+b�Z#TAQ�_aX^_v[ } ]�hih\Q`Z�_ab�cÏ,\zP/�eaZ#TAQ`[#��]�h\QaN

wÒb�h\� Q+S?Z#]^bAj�Z#T�Q h\� Q+S`]V�gS`_vZ#]^efbC]^b:��]^j | [#Q¹¼7N Ô ]^b�cg]^S`_vZ\Q+h�Z#T�_vZ�Q+_aS�Tþ[�Q+� | ]^[#Q } Q+b�Zt]^htc�Q`�gbAQ+c_ah�_ X^_ 5 Q+XVQ+c�Z\Q`[ } N�O¶Q`[ } À ScQIL ¶�® «�� Tg_ab�c�XVQ+h�Z#TAQ�S`_ah\Q���TAQ`[�QtZ#TAQ�S`XVe7S�u�Z#] } Q�]^h 5 Q+]^bAj h\Q`Z`NO¶Q`[ } À ScQ�O ¶ O�T � T�_abgc�XVQ+h���TAQ+b:Z#TAQ¹_aX�_v[ } Z#] } QJ]^h 5 Q+]^b�j�h\Q`Z`N¿O¶Q`[ } O ¶ O2T � O�T � Tg_ab�c�XVQ+hZ#TAQ�Z\eajajfX^]^bAjJeaq�Z#T�Q!_aX�_v[ } h#Q`Z 5 ]VZ`N Q¿¯¿«�� S`_ | h\Q+h�Z#TAQ!S`XVe7S�udZ#] } Q�Z\e 5 Q�]�b�S?[#Q } Q+b�Z\Q+c"N�OiTAQÀ:® � ° ¬CZ\Q`[ } cAQ`�.bAQ+htZ#T�Q¹_aX^_v[ } e | Z\� | Z�]^bCZ\Q`[ } h�eaq�Z#TAQJ_aX^_v[ } ½mb 5 ]VZ�_ab�c:��TAQ`Z#TAQ`[�Z#TAQ_aX^_v[ } Oi] } Q�_ab�c S`XVe7S�u7O�] } Q��¯_aX | Q+h�_v[#Q!Q+� | _aX�Nm�/]Vj | [#Q ¼7N×ȹh#TAeÞ��h�Z#TAQ���e­�-eaq ]�bA� | Z#h�_ab�c

¼¯º

Page 65: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

timeIn setAlarm setTime alarmToggle

clockTime alarmTimealarmOn

setTime

setAlarm

displayTime

STORE

MUXCOMPARATOR

� ��������������� ��� ��� � � ����!#"%$&��' ���)(*�)+ � ! � �-,�+/.10321"�!4��5768"-,���9

�#�

Page 66: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

,�� � ':� � (<; ��!4�#��!#5=5>! � ����!#"�"-?#�@����,�5A� ���������=�����BC�D(���� ��E ! �<��E �����=!4��� ��E �����=��,�5F'G,�+��)+ � (

HJILK#M*N�OQPSR�T !#+ ;VU K4PXWY4M*Y#ILK4M ��E ! � ��,�5>' ����(*� ��E �F!#"�!4��5Z��"-,��9[�<2X(]\8^]_X`a�#�)+�����! � �)( � �)( �

b �)� � ,#��(c0d,#�F��+ ; � b ��; �:!#" ��,�5>'[,�+ �)+ � (S,#0&!e��,�5F':"-��fg(*?�( � �)5 O !h(���+���"-�@��,�5F'G,�+��)+ � PcR�T ��(

� !49#�)+@!#+ ;=� � (i�#�)+�����! � �-,�+D,#0%��,�+ ����� � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��(�!4���1��"�"�� ( � ��! � �); E �����#�i_ E �j(�'[�)����k:��! � �-,�+

,#0Q!F��,�5F'G,�+��)+ � ,#0 !#"l!4��5m��"-,��9 O�PcR�T �l(8( E ,nBX+o��+��p�-�����������rq��s%t4uwvyx�z[u{#v�|�}:u:t�~}y���� ���u������#�#z�x�t� u��:xn�������:x��� ���u�v�z�s��Q��v:x)zyu:�n�8����x��wvyx)zyui~�� xtn}:���#|��yx�z[u������4s�v�vyx�z[uQ~

����� ����:x)z[u�����x��wvyx)zyui~�t4u�v����#�#zX����xn� � x4v�~�t4u�v��yx)zyu�����x�� � x�vG�wx�t� u��:xn��t�v���v�u�{ � � t#u���y ���¡yt4u�v����#�#z�¢£¤���:x�tn}:����|��yx�z[ui¥@¢�vyx�z[u �n����~��¦i��¡yt4u�v��:x)zyuw¢�£¤���:xt)}y����|��:x)zyui¥@¢§v:x)zyu:�n�%��~��¨���¡Q�ª© �)t4u�v��yx)zyu«�����¬t#u�v������4z3���g¢�£¤���:x�tn}y����|��yx)zyui¥@¢­�����������yx)zyuy��~

u#����z�s���~u#���®�������#z8~

�p�-��� ���<���rq Í 21"�!4��576�"�,���9 � 'G�)���-ky��! � �-,�+

����,�5 ��E �e(*'G�)���-ky��! � �-,�+«�l+«�p�-�������/���rqg� � ��!#+w¯[�/��+�0d�������); ��E ! � I±°²P=Nª³ª´ ��E ! � ��(

,#0 � ?�'G� I±°dP=N ��(�!#+µ��+�':� � b !4����!4¯y"-�#�/U)¶ K U�·�¸ °dP=N ��(¹!#"�(*,�!#+g��+�':� � b !4���l!4¯:"-�F,#0 � ?�'G� I±°dP=N �

H�N)Ilº ¶ Y4MªP !#+ ; H)N�I ¸ °dP>N !4���¹��+�':� � b !4����!4¯:"-�)(�,#0 � ?�'G�D» °±I ��21( ��E ����,�+:����' � ,#0Q( � ! � ����(&� (*�);

��E �<0±!#��� � ��+:��"�� ;��)(�!>( � ! � � ¯:!#(��);o;�,�5>!#��+��

_ E �X!#� � � !#":(*'G�)���-ky��! � �-,�+F,#0%!#"�!4��5a��"-,���9F��(i(*'G�)���-k �);F�l+ � ����5>(��Q_ E �jk ��( �Q� ���ª5m¶-¼(*'G�)���-k �)(

��E ! � �-0 ��E � H�N)Ilº ¶ Y#MªP ¯:� � ��(&(�� �X��E �)+ ��E �S,�� � ':� � b !4����!4¯:"-�@½ °lH¾W ¶ Y4¿ ¸ °²P=N ��+h� � (X+���f � ( � ! � �

�)À�� !#"�( ��E �D��+�':� � b !4����!4¯:"�� I±°²P=N�³ª´ �D_ E �D(*�)��,�+ ; � ���ª5Á¶ÃÂÄ!#"l(*,�(*'G�)���-k �)( ��E ! �<��E �>,�� � ':� �

b !4����!4¯:"-�/½ °²HLW ¶ Y4¿ ¸ °²P=N �)À�� !#"�( ��E ���+�':� � b !4����!4¯:"-� I±°²P=Nª³ª´ B E �)+ ��E � H�N)I ¸ °²P=N ¯:� � ��(S(*� � �

_ E �e"�!#( �@� ����5ŶÃÆÇ(*'G�)���-k �)( ��E ! � B E �)+«¯G, ��EÈ��E � H�N)I ¸ °²P=N !#+ ; H)N�Ilº ¶ Y4MJP ¯:� � (@!4���/(*� �

(���5S� " � !#+ ��,�� (�"-? ��E �)+ ��E � b !#"����É,#0 ��E �D½ °²HLW ¶ Y4¿ ¸ °dP=N �)À��:!#"�( ��E �=U)¶ K U�·�¸ °dP=N �

�#Ê

Page 67: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

Ëp̲ÍQ̾ΠÏ/ÐCÑ�Ò4Ó�ÔGÕ�ÒeÖX×yÑnÒ�Ø=×:Õ�Ò#Ù�Ó�Ñ�ÚÜÛÇÝ�Þàß

_ E � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��(C!4���j�#�)+����ª! � �);=0d��,�5 ��E �&�#�)+�����! � �); � �)( � (����)+:!4���-,�(i!#+ ; ��E �&� (�����(*'G�)���-k �);

� �)( � ���)À�� �����)5F�)+ � (��Q^i!4����!4¯:"��)(8��+�_��)( � (����)+ !4����,�(j!4���<� b !#"�� ! � �);�¯�?���+ ( � !#+ � ��! � ��+ �SBX� ��E��E �

b !#"����)(80d��,�5 ��E � � �)( � ���)À�� �-���)5F�)+ � (��i_ E �<!4¯:( � ��!#� �j� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(1!4����( E ,�B&+o��+��p�-��� �������ráâ�ã u ��v����yt��xt�v�£â�ã u ��v�����£â �#�#� � x4v:x��#�:£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä�xn�pän£�t#u�v�������4z â�æ }y�#� �nz[u�vu���£â�ã ���4s u£wç�è�ç â�æ#ã ���4s:u�£

â�æ ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â �#�#� � x4v:x��#�:£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä�xn�pän£�t#u�v��yx�z[u â�æ }y������zyu�v�u�� £â�ã ���4s u£wç�è�ç â�æ#ã ���4s:u�£

â�æ ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â �#�#� � x4v:x��#�:£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä�xn�pän£����� �����yx�z[u â�æ }:������z[u�v�u�� £â�ã ���4s u£wé�è*¦ â�æ#ã ���4s:u�£

â�æ ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â �#�#� � x4v:x��#�:£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä�xn�pän£#vyx�z[u:�)� â�æ }y�#� �nz[u�vu���£â�ã ���4s u£�êiè�  â�æ#ã ���4s:u�£

â�æ ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â �#�#� � x4v:x��#�:£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä)�4s�v3ä)£�� xtn}:���#|��yx�z[u â�æ }y�#� ��zyu�vu�� £â�ã ���4s u£wé�è*¦ â�æ#ã ���4s:u�£

â�æ ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â�æ#ã u��4v���� £

è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�èâ�æ#ã u��4v����[t#��xt�v £

�p�-�����������rá Í 2&¯y( � ��!#� � _3�)( � ^Q�)� � ,#��(X0d,#� PcR#T ��,�5F'G,�+��)+ �

Ëp̲ÍQÌ²Í ë@Ù�Û�ÕÓ�× Ò4×VÖ1×:Ñ�Ò�Ø=×:Õ�Ò#Ù�Ó�ÑoÚ¾Û®ìmÏ<Ø�íDîðïñÙ�Ó�òwÔyÒ

2X¯:( � ��!#� � _��)( � b �)� � ,#��(�!4���X��,�+ b ��� � �); � ,Sóe23^1ô � 0d,#��5>! � � (���+��<!¹( � ?"-�1( E ��� � O�õ �ö _É��_ E �

!4¯:( � �ª!#� �<� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(¹��+÷�p�-�������>���rá�!4���>��� b �)+�!#(<!#+ø��+�':� �1� , õ �ö _�!#+ ; ��E �F,�� � 'y� � ��(

���

Page 68: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

��E �<ó/23^1ô � 0²,#�ª5>! � ( E ,�B&+���+��p�-������������ù�ú�

t#u�v������4zat#u�v��:x)z[uð����� �����yx�z[u«v:x)z[u �n� � xt)}y���#|��:x)z[uç�èñç ç�è�ç é�è�¦ ê�è�  é�è�¦ 3èñç ç�è�ç é�è�¦ ê�è�  ê�èJ ç�èñç  3è�ç é�è�¦ ê�è�  ê�èJ  3èñç  3è�ç é�è�¦ ê�è�  é�è�¦

�p�-������������ù�ú Í 6C,�+ ����� � ��_3�)( � ^Q�)� � ,#�ª(&0d,#� PcR�T ��,�5>'[,�+ �)+ �

_ E �C!4¯G, b ��( E ,nBX+ � � E 5>��; � _��ª�-�#�#��� !#+:;�21"�!4��5���"-,���9É��f!#5>':"-�)( ��"�"�� ( � ��! � � ��E ��(���'�û

'G,#� � 0²,#�8' �ª��5>� � � b �1; ! � ! � ?�'G�)(8"��-9#�1���)!#"�( O ��+ � ���#����( O ¯G,�,�"-�)!#+ ( O ¯:� � (���+\8^]_X`S� \j^1_X`¬!#"�(*,

(���':'[,#� � (C��,�5>'[,�(�� � ��; ! � ! � ?�'G�)( O ;:! � ! � ?�'G�)(8B E ,�(*�É�)"��)5F�)+ � (X!4������,�5F'G,�(*�);o,#03' �ª��5>� � � b �

; ! � ! � ?�'G�)(��¹6C,�5F'G,�(�� � �S; ! � ! � ?�'G�)(]' ��, b �l;��)( ��E �c�:(*���15>,#���cü ��f��¯:��"�� � ?B E ��"-�¹(*'G�)���-0²?��+��

��E �c��,�5F'G,�+��)+ � (��É2�� (*���]��!#+e����' ���)(��)+ � 5F,#���c0±� + � � �-,�+ !#"l� � ?B&� ��E ��,�5F'G,�(�� � �c; ! � ! � ?�'G�)(

��E !#+eB&� ��E ' ���l5>� � � b �S; ! � ! � ?�'[�)()�<��,#�É��f!#5>':"-�F�-0i!� (*���]B�!#+ � ( � ,'G����0d,#��5à¯G,�,�"-�)!#+e,#'�û

����! � �-,�+:(X,�+/!@��,�"�"-�)� � �-,�+e,#0i¯y� � (&��+:( � �)!#;e,#0�!D(���+���"-�¹¯:� � O ��E �)+h; ��k:+ ��+��D!@;:! � ! � ?�'G� ��E ! �

��,�+ � !#��+ (�!¹(�� � ,#0�¯:� � (�!#+:;D'G����0d,#��5>�l+��É,#'G����! � �-,�+ (C,�+ ��E ! � ; ! � ! � ?�'G�1B&��"�" ¯[�]5F,#���]� (*��0±� "

��E !#+�'G����0d,#��5>�l+��c,�+ ��E ����+:; � b ��; � !#":¯:� � (�� � �:� E !>��,�"l"-�)� � �-,�+�,#0 ¯:� � (j�l(j��!#"�"-�);�!>ý�� � ^Q�)� � ,#�

��+�$&,�(*� �*� !�C_ E �]0²,�"�"�,nB&��+ �S��f�!#5F':"��<��"�"�� ( � ��! � �)( ��E �<(���':'[,#� � 0d,#�j¯:� � b �)� � ,#�ª(X��+�\j^1_X`c�

þ]ÿ�� ��������� ��������������������������� ����!�"��#

2­ý�� � ^Q�)� � ,#�1�l(j!>(*�)À����)+ ���<,#0p¯:� � (���21"�" ��E �<,#'G����! � �-,�+:( ��E ! � ��!#+�¯G�É'[����0²,#��5>�);, b ���1¯:� � (

!4���1�#�)+�����!#"��%$��); � ,S¯:� � b �)� � ,#��(��i_ E �&0d,�"�"-,�B&��+���(��)� � �-,�+ (C( E ,nBX( ��E �1(*'G�)���-k:��! � �-,�+:( O !4¯:( � ��!#� �!#+ ;o��,�+:����� � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��(&0d,#�j¯:� � b �)� � ,#��(��

�#q

Page 69: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ËpÌ'&Q̾Πî!(8×:Õ�Ú*)�ÕÔ[Ò#Ú¾Ù�Û�+-,.,0/�Ñ�Ò#Ó�Ô[Ò�Ú¾Û�12�Ú Ò4Ø=×:Õ�Ò#Ù�Ó�Ñ

_ E �¹(*'G�)���-k:��! � �-,�+o�l+o�p�-������������ù#ùS( E ,�B&( ��E �¹(�!#5F':"-�¹(*'G�)���-k:��! � �-,�+o�:(���+��F¯:� � b �)� � ,#��(���_ E �

0±!#��� � ��,�+ � !#��+:( � B�,o�l+�':� � b !4����!4¯y"-�)( º !#+:;43&�G_ E �c"-�)+�� ��E ,#0 ��E �)(��S¯y� � b �)� � ,#��(É��(�5��É_ E �,�� � ,�� � b !4����!4¯:"��S��(76���(X!#"l(*,,#0 � ?�'G�c¯:� � b �)� � ,#�)��_ E � � ����5 ¶ ¼µ(*'G�)���-k �)( ��E �F!#� � � !#"Q0±� + �Jû

� �-,�+ !#"l� � ?#�98 � ( � ! � �)( ��E ! �1��E �¹,�� � 'y� � b !4����!4¯:"��¹��( ��E �F"-,#������!#" Y4´ ½e¯G� � BC���)+ ��E � � BC,o��+�':� �

b !4����!4¯:"-�)()�}y���� ���u � ã u��4v����x�t� u��:xn�������:x��� ���u�v � ã u�vi���C����x�� � x4v ã u��4v����i�;:[��~=<�����x�� � x4v ã u ��v����Q�>:y��~;?����ñ�#s�v � x4v ã u ��v����i�>:y���Vxt� u��:xn��t�v �#v�u�{ � ��t#u���y ���?�¢§�®�4���@<�~u#��� � ���u�v � ã u�v�~

u#���«}y����:���u � ã u��4v�����~

�p�-��� ��������ù#ù Í ý�� � ^Q�)� � ,#�](*'G�)���-k:��! � ��,�+

ËpÌ'&QÌ²Í Ö1×:Ñ�Ò÷îQÕ×:ÛiÔGÓ�Ú¾Ù�Ñ

�p�-�������É����ùBAc( E ,�B&( ��E �É(����)+ !4�ª�-,�(Ck:"-�10²,#� ��E �É(*'G�)���-k:��! � ��,�+@�l+D�p�-�������]����ù#ù4�C_ E �](*'G�)���-k:��!�û

� �-,�+c��+c�p�-�������j����ù#ù8��( ��� b �)+F!#(Q!#+F�l+�':� �3� , ��E �8(����)+ !4���-,]�#�)+����ª! � ,#��!#+ ; ��E �8k:+ !#"�(����)+ !4�ª�-,�(

,#¯ � !#��+ �);o!4����( E ,nB&+���+��p�-��� ��������ùBA��}y���� ���u � ã u��4v����x�t� u��:xn�������:x��� ���u�v � ã u�vi���C����x�� � x4v ã u��4v����i�;:[��~=<�����x�� � x4v ã u ��v����Q�>:y��~;?����ñ�#s�v

� x�v ã u �4v���Q�>:[����x�t� u��:xn��t�v �#v�u�{ � ��t#u���C?D?FEDG�� {: 3�4��?«¢§�®��� �@<G��~u#��� � ���u�v � ã u�v�~

u#���«}y����:���u � ã u��4v�����~

�p�-������������ùBA Í8� ���)+ !4���-,�(j0²,#�&ý�� � ^Q�)� � ,#�ª(

�#á

Page 70: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ËpÌ'&QÌ'& Ö1×:Ñ�ÒIH/×"J!/�ÚLÓ�×:òw×:Û3Ò�Ñ

�p�-�������c����ùBK( E ,�B&( ��E �¹���)À�� �����)5F�)+ � (&k:"���0d,#�1¯y� � b �)� � ,#��(��É_ E �¹���)À�� �-���)5F�)+ � (�'[�)����k:��! � �-,�+

0d,#�&¯:� � û b �)� � ,#�ª(X��( ��E �¹(�!#5F��!#(1(*'G�)���-0²?��+�� ��E � � �)( � ���)À�� �����)5F�)+ � (j0d,#�&���)!#"�()�C_ E �<0d�:+ � � �-,�+

I¾NJH�I M*N>L � !49#�)( ��E � b !4���l!4¯:"-�¹+:!#5F� O � � (]"-,nBC���ɯG,�� + ;h(*'G�)���-k �);e!#(É!D¯y� � û b �)� � ,#� O ��E �F��' 'G���

¯G,�� + ;o(�'[�)����k �);o!#(1¯:� � û b �)� � ,#�É!#+ ; ��E �¹��+:�����)5F�)+ � �&_ E ���l+ �����)5F�)+ � ��(X(*'G�)���-k �);h!#(X!=���)!#"

+�� 5�¯G���)��_ E �����)À��:�-���)5F�)+ � (*'G�)���-k:��! � ��,�+o��+o�p�-�������S����ùBKD��,�+ � !#��+:( � BC, I¾NJHJI M�N;L 0d� +:� � �-,�+ (��E ! � �l+ � � ��!#"��%$�� � B�, b !4����!4¯y"-�)(��}y���� ���u � ã u��4v��� {#��uFM®xt� u��:xn�������:x��

� ���#u�v � ã u ��v�����{��uDMðxtvu:t�v {��uDMp��}y�#� �nzX����t#u�vi���ONy�#�G�%~Jx�}8��� � x�v ã u ��v����Q�;:y��~±zG���:x�z�s�z&��� � x�v ã u ��v����Q�;:y��~�x��[�Q���Ü��u���� �

��� � x�v�~� u�� x���t�v���vu{ � � t4u���: 3�¾v�u:t�v {#��uDMp���QPSRñçTP�çTP�çQP*çDUQPSR¾çQP) �P� �P) BU�P� ��%~��¦��¾v�u:t�v {#��uDMp�;<�PSRñçTP�çTP�çQP*çDUQPSR¾çQP) �P� �P) BU�P� ��%~u4� � � ����u�v � ã u ��v�����{��uDM�~

u#���«}y����:���u � ã u��4v���� {#��uDMi~

� ��������������ùBKWV�$&�)À��:�-���)5F�)+ � (80d,#�&ý�� � ^Q�)� � ,#��(

ËpÌ'&QÌ%X Ï/ÐCÑ�Ò4Ó�ÔGÕ�ÒeÖX×yÑnÒ�Ø=×:Õ�Ò#Ù�Ó�Ñ�ÚÜÛÇÝ�Þàß

_ E �1!4¯:( � ��!#� �C� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(8!4���1�#�)+�����! � �);@¯�?>��+ ( � !#+ � ��! � ��+ � ��E � b !4�ª��!4¯:"-�)(���+ � �)( � (����)+ !4�ª�-,�(

��+g�p�-������������ùBAe¯�? ��E � b !#"����)(c(*'G�)���-k:�);µ��+ ��E � � �)( � ���)À�� �-���)5F�)+ � (c��+g� ���������@����ùBK��µ_ E �

!4¯:( � �ª!#� �j� �)( � b �)� � ,#�ª(&!4����( E ,nB&+���+��p�-������������ùY5��

Ê4ú

Page 71: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

â�ã u ��v����yt��xt�v�£â�ã u ��v�����£

â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä�xn�pän£Z< â�æ }:��� �nz[u�v�u���£â�ã ���4s u£[RÜçQP�çTP�çTP�çDU â�æ#ã ����s:u�£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä�xn�pän£È� â�æ }:��� �nz[u�v�u���£â�ã ���4s u£[RÜçQP�çTP�çTP�çDU â�æ#ã ����s:u�£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����u�¢�ä)�#sv3ä)£\? â�æ }y�#� ��zyu�vu�� £â�ã ���4s u£[RÜçQPhçQPhçTPhç@U â�æ�ã ����s:u£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â�æ#ã u��4v���� £

è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�èè�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�èè�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�èâ�ã u ��v�����£

â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä�xn�pän£Z< â�æ }:��� �nz[u�v�u���£â�ã ���4s u£[RÜçQP) �P) �P) -U â�æ#ã ����s:u�£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����uw¢åä�xn�pän£È� â�æ }:��� �nz[u�v�u���£â�ã ���4s u£[RÜçQP) �P) �P) -U â�æ#ã ����s:u�£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu��Äz[����u�¢�ä)�#sv3ä)£\? â�æ }y�#� ��zyu�vu�� £â�ã ���4s u£[RÜçQPµ ]Pµ �Pµ ^U â�æ�ã ����s:u£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â�æ#ã u��4v���� £

â�æ#ã u��4v����[t#��xt�v £

�p�-�������<����ùY5_V�2&¯:( � ��!#� � _3�)( � ^Q�)� � ,#��(X0²,#�XýC� � ^Q�)� � ,#��(

Êù

Page 72: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ËpÌ'&QÌ²Ë ë@Ù�Û�ÕÓ�× Ò4×VÖ1×:Ñ�Ò�Ø=×:Õ�Ò#Ù�Ó�ÑoÚ¾Û®ìmÏ<Ø�íDîðïñÙ�Ó�òwÔyÒ

_ E �����S��(1!#+ õ ��ö _ O ! � ��!#+ (*0d,#��5>! � ��,�+h( E ��� � O ;�� b �)"-,#'G�);h!#(1':!4� � ,#0 ��E ��( ��E �)(���( ��E ! � �#�)+û

����! � �)( ��E �F��,�+ ����� � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#�ª(���2X¯:( � ��!#� �]� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(<�l+��p�-�������F����ùY5o!4���S��� b �)+÷!#(]!#+

��+�'y� �X� , ��E ��( � ��!#+ (*0d,#��5>! � �-,�+÷( E ��� � !#+ ; ��E �c���)(��:" � !#+ � ��,�+ ����� � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��(¹!4���>( E ,�B&+

��+��p�-������������ù)���< � ?

RñçTP�çTP�çQP*çDU RÜçQP*çQP�çTP�çFU RñçTPhçQPeçQPhç@URñçTP�çTP�çQP*çDU RÜçQP*çQP�çTP) OU RñçTPhçQPeçQPhç@URñçTP�çTP�çQP*çDU RÜçQP*çQP) �P�çFU RñçTPhçQPeçQPhç@Uè�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�èè�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�è�èRñçTP) �P) ]P� -U RÜçQP� ]P�çTP) OU RñçTPµ ]PeçQPµ ^URñçTP) �P) ]P� -U RÜçQP� ]P) �P�çFU RñçTPµ ]Pg ]Phç@URñçTP) �P) ]P� -U RÜçQP� ]P) �P) OU RñçTPµ ]Pg ]Pµ ^U

�p�-������������ù)�WV86C,�+ ����� � �¹_��)( � ^Q�)� � ,#��(&0d,#�&ý�� � ^Q�)� � ,#��(

ý�� � ^Q�)� � ,#��(�!4���e��+ ;���f�);���,�"�"��)� � �-,�+È,#0ɯy� � (��§$j,�(�� �*� !µ!#"�(�,ø' ��, b �l;��)(=; ! � ! � ?�'G�)(

��E ! � !4�����,�"�"-�)� � �-,�+g,#0j�)"��)5F�)+ � (cB E ����� ��E �@�)"��)5F�)+ � (c5>!n?µ+�, � ¯G�@(���5F':"-�=���)!#"�(S,#�c¯:� � (��

_ E ���)"��)5F�)+ � (@��!#+�¯G�o( � �ª��+���( O +��:5�¯G����( O ¯:� � b �)� � ,#��(D� � �4� � � � (=!#+ ; � �)À����)+ ���)(>!4��� ��E �

; ! � ! � ?�'[�)( ��E ! � ;���k:+�� ��E ����,�"�"-�)� � �-,�+È,#0É�)"-�)5F�)+ � (��ð2X( � �)À����)+ ���)(D;���k:+���!#+«��+ ;���f�);

��,�"�"-�)� � ��,�+ø,#08�)"-�)5>�)+ � (¹�#�)+�����! � ��+ � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��(S0d,#�¹�)"-�)5>�)+ � (¹, ��E ��� ��E !#+ø���)!#"�( O ��+ � ���#����(

B&��"l":¯G�É; �a`G�����)+ � �i_ E �]0²,�"l"-,nB&�l+��c��f!#5F'y"-�É( E ,nBX( ��E �É�#�)+�����! � ��,�+�,#0 ��,�+:����� � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��(

0d,#� � �)À����)+ ���)(��

ÊbA

Page 73: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

þ]ÿ0c deQfg�h��h�TQ�idg�������������>��� ����T�"��#

ËpÌ%X�̾Πî!(8×:Õ�Ú¾ÕÔ[Ò�ÚLÙ3ÛÇÙ�ïFî ×�J /�×:Û�Õ×yÑ

� �)À����)+ ���)(<!4���>��+ ;���f�);÷��,�"�"-�)� � �-,�+/,#0��)"-�)5>�)+ � (��F�p�-�������=����ù)Ê�( E ,�B&(<!o(*'G�)���-ky��! � �-,�+/��,�+û

� !#��+ �l+��o(*�)À����)+ ���)(���_ E �l(<(*'G�)���-k:��! � �-,�+ø��,�+ � !#��+:(�!#+g��+�':� � ':!4�ª!#5F� � ��� º ��E ! � ��(É,#0 � ?�'G�

� �)À����)+ ���É!#+ ;!#+,�� � ':� � ':!4�ª!#5F� � ���93 ��E ! � �l(C!#"l(*,c,#0 � ?�'G� � �)À�� �)+ ���#�i_����ª5 ¶ ¼�(*'G�)���-k �)(

��E ��!#� � �:!#"%0d�:+ � � �-,�+ !#"�� � ?=,#0 ��E �<(�'[�)����k:��! � �-,�+%�

}y���� ���u@j�uDM#s:u4�G��u���|�}:u�xt� u��:xn�������:x��� ���u�vkj�uDM#s:u4�G��u�{���|�}:u ��������xn�®t#uFM�s:u4�G�#up���ONy�#�G��~=<������#svðt#uFM�s:u4�G�#up���ONy�#�G���Vxt� u��:xn��t�v �#v�u�{ � ��t#u���y ��.<§¢§��~u#��� � ���u�vkj�uDM#s:u#�[��u�{���|�}:uQ~

u#���«}y����:���ulj�uDM#s:u#�[��u���|�} ui~

� ��������������ù)ÊWV � 'G�)���-k:��! � �-,�+@0d,#� � �)À����)+ ���)(

ËpÌ%X�Ì²Í Ö1×:Ñ�ÒIH/×"J!/�ÚLÓ�×:òw×:Û3Ò�Ñ

� 'G�)���-0d?��l+��S_3�)( � $&�)À��:�-���)5F�)+ � (80d,#� � �)À����)+ ���)(j!4���¹; �a`G�����)+ �8��E ! � (*'G�)���-0d?���+ � � �)( � ���)À�� �-����û5F�)+ � (C0²,#�8+�� 5�¯G����()� I¾N�HJI M*N>L 0±� + � � ��,�+D��+:� � ��!#"��m$��)(p,�+:"-?>!¹"�,nBC���C¯G,�� +:; ��E ! � ��(C!¹��,�"�"��)� � �-,�+,#0p�)"-�)5F�)+ � (���ô�!#� E �)"-�)5F�)+ � ��!#+�¯G��!#�����)(�(*�);hB&� ��E !#+h��+ ;���fG���p�-�������¹����ùn�F( E ,nB&(X!=(*'G�)��� û

k:��! � �-,�+ ��E ! � ' ��, b �l;��)(8���)À�� �-���)5>�)+ � (�0d,#� � �)À����)+ ���)(��}y���� ���u@j�uDM#s:u4�G��u���|�}:u{onCE_pwx�t� u��:xn�������:x��� ���u�vkj�uDM#s:u4�G��u�{���|�}:u�{bnWESp«xtj����ªt4uDM�s u#�[��up���-N:��� ��4vu��G��~v�u t�v�{���uFMQ�ñ}y������z&���ªt4uDM#s:u#�[��u ���BNy���[��~ªx��yx4v:x�����{ ã ����s:ui����t#uqM�s:u4�[�#up�>j:��� ����x��v�~

ÊbK

Page 74: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� u��:xn��t�v �#v�u�{ � ��t#u��v% ��Üvu:t�v�{��uDMQ����P_R��4}�}y��u:trP*�����4��u:tsP���� ��}:u trP���� ������u:t-U[��~u#��� � ���u�vkj�uDM#s:u#�[��u�{���|�}:u�{bnCE_pQ~

u#���«}y����:���ulj�uDM#s:u#�[��u���|�} u{onCESpp~

�p�-�������<����ùn�DV�$j�)À�� �-���)5F�)+ � (�0d,#� � �)À����)+ ���)(

ËpÌ%X�Ì'& Ï/ÐCÑ�Ò4Ó�ÔGÕ�ÒeÖX×yÑnÒ�Ø=×:Õ�Ò#Ù�Ó�Ñ�ÚÜÛÇÝ�Þàß

�p�-�������&����ù)q¹( E ,�B&( ��E �X!4¯:( � ��!#� ��� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(�0d,#� � �)À����)+ ���)(��Q_ E �)(*�&!4���j,#¯ � !#��+��);F¯�?F��,�5cû

¯:��+:��+�� ��E ��(����)+ !4���-,�(p,#¯ � !#�l+��);S0²��,�5 ��E ��(�'[�)����k:��! � �-,�+c!#+ ; ��E �8� (*���i; ��k:+��);S���)À�� �-���)5F�)+ � (��

â�ã u ��v����yt��xt�v�£â�ã u ��v�����£

â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â }y�#� �nz[u�vu���£È� â�æ }y�#� ��zyu�vu�� £â�ã ���4s u£���}�}y��u:t â�æ�ã ���4s u£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â ���4� �:x�vyx#�#�y£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu���£Z< â�æ }y�#� ��zyu�vu�� £â�ã ���4s u£���}�}y��u:t â�æ�ã ���4s u£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â�æ#ã u��4v���� £è�è�è�è�è�èè�è�è�è�è�èâ�ã u ��v�����£

â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£â }y�#� �nz[u�vu���£È� â�æ }y�#� ��zyu�vu�� £â�ã ���4s u£w��� �4���u t â�æ#ã ���4s:u�£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â ���#���:x�vyx��4�y£

â }y�#� �nz[u�vu���£Z< â�æ }y�#� ��zyu�vu�� £â�ã ���4s u£w��� �4���u t â�æ#ã ���4s:u�£

â�æ ���4� � x4vyx#�#�:£â�æ#ã u��4v���� £

â�æ#ã u��4v����[t#��xt�v £

�p�-������������ù)qWV�2&¯y( � ��!#� � _3�)( � ^Q�)� � ,#��(X0d,#� � �)À����)+ ���)(

Êt5

Page 75: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

ËpÌ%X�Ì%X ë@Ù�Û�ÕÓ�× Ò4×VÖ1×:Ñ�Ò�Ø=×:Õ�Ò#Ù�Ó�ÑoÚ¾Û®ìmÏ<Ø�íDîðïñÙ�Ó�òwÔyÒ

�p�-�������@����ù)áo( E ,�B&( ��E �6C,�+ ����� � �=_��)( � ^Q�)� � ,#��(c��+÷ó/23^1ô � 0d,#��5>! � 0d,#� � �)À����)+ ���)()�@2X¯�û

( � ��!#� � _3�)( � ^Q�)� � ,#��(&!4������ b �)+�!#(8!#+���+�'y� ��� ,>!F_3��!#+ (*0d,#��5>! � ��,�+ ��E ��� ����E ! � ��(8;�� b �)"-,#'G�);

!#(j'y!4� � ,#0 ��E ��( ��E �)(��l(8!#+ ; ��E �<���)(�� " � !#+ � ,�� � ':� � �l(8( E ,nBX+o��+��p�-������������ù)á��

� <�4}�}y��u:t ��}�}:��u:t�����4���u:t ��� ��� �u t�����4} u:t ��� ��}:u:t�����4���u:t ��� ��� �u t

�p�-������������ù)áWV�6C,�+ ����� � ��_��)( � ^Q�)� � ,#��(X0²,#� � �)À����)+:���)(

Ê#�

Page 76: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

u vxwzy|{~}�� �

��� � � ���� ��� � � ���l� �@� ���l�

�Éÿ�� dg������#����

_ E �c��5F'G,#� � !#+:���¹,#0 � �)( � ��+����+ ��E �F;�� b �)"-,#':5>�)+ � ,#0�!#+�?h(*?( � �)5 ��!#+ + , � ¯G�c� + ;����ª( � ! � �);%�

8 � !#����,�� + � (0d,#�!4':' ��,)f���5>! � �)"�?«�4úF� ��+ ��E �e;�� b �)"�,#':5F�)+ � ��?��"-�/,#0 ��E �e' ��,; � � � ��_ E �

� ��!#; � � �-,�+ !#"p!4' ' ��,�!#� E 0²,#� � �)( � ��+��o��(]��5F'y"-�)5F�)+ � ! � �-,�+e¯:!#(*�); � �)( � ��+ ���Sý�� �]��E ��( � �)� E + ��À����

� �)+ ; ( � ,�, b ����"-,�,#9 ��E �@��+ � �)+:;��);�¯G� E ! b �-,#�¹,#0 ��E �D(�?�( � �)5 !#+ ;µ0²,��� (�,�+ ��E �@��,#�����)� � +��)(�(

,#0 ��E �<��5F':"��)5F�)+ � ! � ��,�+%�Q_ E ��(C' ��,#¯y"-�)5å��(C, b ������,�5F�¹¯�?� (��l+��S(�'[�)����k:��! � �-,�+¯:!#(*�); � �)( � ��+��

� �)� E + ��À����)( ��E ! � ; ����� b � � �)( � (&0²��,�5m���)À��:�-���)5F�)+ � (��

_3�)( � ��+��S��+ b ,�" b �)(C; � b �)"-,#':��+�� � �)( � ��!#(*�)(�!#+ ;=�ª� + + ��+ � ��E � � �)( � ��!#(*�)(�,�+ ��E �]��5F':"-��û

5F�)+ � ! � �-,�+%�Q\1� b �)"-,#':��+ � � �)( � ��!#(*�)(i��(p!#+F����'[� � � � �-,�� ( !#+ ; � �); �-,�� (p':��,����)(�(�� _ E � (p!#� � ,�5=! � û

��+�� ��E ��' ��,���)(�( ,#0:�#�)+ ����! � ��+�� ��E � � �)( � ��!#(*�)(iB&��"�"����); � ��� � �)( � ��+ �1��,�( � ()�i2X+c!#� � ,�5>! � �l� � �)( �

��!#(*�8�#�)+����ª! � ,#��!#� � ,�5>! � �l��!#"�"-?��#�)+ ����! � �)( � �)( � ��!#(��)(��Q_ E �����8!4���j5>!#+�? � �)( � ��!#(*�8�#�)+�����! � ,#�ª(

¯�?=+�,nB ��E ! � �#�)+�����! � � � �)( � ��!#(*�)(���+@!¹':!4� � ����� "l!4��"�!#+����:!4�#�#�i_ E ��(�"���5>� � ( ��E �]!4¯:��"�� � ?c,#0 ��E �

� ,�,�" � ,o��+ � ���#�ª! � �FB&� ��E , ��E ����!4' ':"l����! � �-,�+ (���8 � B&��"�"�¯[� b ����?e� (*��0±� " �-0 ��E �F!#� � ,�5>! � �l� � �)( �

Ê#Ê

Page 77: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

��!#(*�1�#�)+�����! � ,#�8��!#+D�#�)+�����! � � � �)( � ��!#(*�)(���+>!¹0²,#��5=! ����E ! � ��(���+:;���'G�)+ ;��)+ � ,#0�!#+�?="l!#+���� !4�#�

,#�&!#+�?�(���5S� "�! � �-,�+�)+ b ����,�+ 5F�)+ � �

8�+ ��E ��( ��E �)(���(3BC� E ! b �C;�� b �)"�,#'[�);S! � ,�,�" ��E ! � !#� � ,�5>! � �)( ��E ��':��,����)(�(�,#0 �#�)+����ª! � ��+����E � � �)( � ��!#(��)(�0d��,�5 !�$j,�(�� �*� !¹(*'G�)���-ky��! � �-,�+ (��Q_ E � � ,�,�"y�#�)+�����! � �)( � �)( � (����)+ !4���-,�(C!#+ ; � �)( �

b �)� � ,#��(c0d,#�S�l+�':� � $&,�(*� �*� !e���)À��:�-���)5F�)+ � (*'G�)���-k:��! � ��,�+ (��o_ E � � �)( � (����)+ !4���-,�(¹,�+ "-?/��� b �!

��!#+��#�X,#0 b !#"����)(i0d,#� � �)( � ��+�� O ¯:� � + , ����E �1!#� � � !#"G��+�':� �Q� �)( � ��!#(*�)()�i_ E ��(���!#+��#�X��!#+D¯G� b ����?

"�!4���#�#� � ,>��+,#��;���� � ,="���5>� ����E �¹+�� 5¹¯G���8,#0 � �)( � ��!#(*�)( ��E ! � B&��"l"y¯G�É�#�)+����ª! � �); O !>� (����&��!#+

(*'G�)���-0d? ��E � � �)( � ���)À�� �-���)5>�)+ � (�0d,#� ��E ����, b ����!4�#�c!4���)!=;��)(��-���);%�

8�+ ��E ��( ��E �)(���(SBC� E ! b �o� E ,�(*�)+ õ�� ö !#( ��E ��"�!#+����:!4�#�o��+ ;���'G�)+ ;��)+ � 0d,#��5>! � 0d,#�

��E � � �)( � ��!#(*�)(���_ E ��(D0²,#��5=! � �l(D� E ,�(*�)+�¯G�)��!#� (*� õ�� ö ��(@�#� �*� ��+ �gBX��;��)"-?V;���':"�,n?#�);���+

��E ���+ ; �:( � ��?/!#(S!/( � !#+:; !4��;µBC!n?�,#0j����' ���)(*�)+ � �l+��e;:! � !�e_ E �@!4¯:( � ��!#� �¹� �)( � b �)� � ,#�ª(>!4���

�#�)+�����! � �);��l+ õ�� ö ��_ E � õ�� ö/� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(j!4��� ��E �)+��,�+ b ��� � �); � ,F��,�+ ����� � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��()�

21(X'y!4� � ,#0 ��E ��( ��E �)(���( O ��E �c!4¯:( � ��!#� �]� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(É!4���c��,�+ b ��� � �);���+ � ,=ó/2�^]ô � O !@0d,#��5>! �

0d,#� � �)( � ��+�� ��E �c^9�1\ ö ��5F':"-�)5>�)+ � ! � �-,�+:(X!#+ ;/��+ � ,��+�':� �&� �)( � 0²,#��5=! � 0d,#�É(���5S� "�! � ��+ � ��E �

5F,;��)"�(8;��)(��-��+��);�� (��l+��F2 ö _jô�$&2 � 2 õ�  8;8C(�,#0 � BC!4���#�

�Éÿ�¡ ¢@���h�Q£>�h���;�9�h�

� 'G�)���-k:��! � ��,�+�¯:!#(*�);w_3�)( � ��+�� � �)� E +:��À�� �)(D( E ,�� "�;V¯G�h�:(*�); � ,Ä!#����5F�)+ � 8ñ5>':"-�)5F�)+ � ! � �-,�+¯:!#(*�); � �)� E + ��À����)( O ¯:� � +�, �1� ,o��,�5F':"�� � �)"-?o����':"l!#��� ��E �)5��¥¤X(���+�� ��E �F(*'G�)���-k:��! � �-,�+ (X0d��,�5

� ?( � �)5 ö � b �)"�\1�)(��-��+ ö !#+ ��� !4�#�)(F!#"�"-,�B&( ��E �@(�?�( � �)5=( � ,/¯G�@����' ���)(*�)+ � �);Ä! �FE �-� E ���c!4¯�û

( � ��!#� � ��,�+w"�� b �)"�(D!#+:; ��E �e' ��,#¯y"-�)5 !#(�(�,�����! � �);wB&� ��E ¯G�)��+��g+�, � !4¯y"-� � ,Ä��,�+ ���)+ � ��! � �÷,�+

���)À�� �-���)5>�)+ � (8��(&(*,�" b �);�B&� ��E��E ��( � �)( � ��+ � � �)� E +:��À�� �#�

��

Page 78: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

21� � ,�5>! � �); � �)( � ��!#(*�S�#�)+�����! � ��,�+oB&��"l"G¯[�É,#0i�l5>5F�)+ (*�<�:(*����+ ��E �<k �)"�;�,#0 � �)( � ��+����

_ E �1':����'[,�(��j,#0�����' ���)(*�)+ � �l+�� ��E � � �)( � ��!#(*�)(8�l+D!c"�!#+����:!4�#�1��+:;���'G�)+ ;��)+ � 0²,#�ª5>! � ��(�(���� b �);

BC�)"�"Q¯�? õ�� ö �321(É':!4� � ,#0 ��E ��( ��E �)(���(<B�,#��9 O ��E � õ�� ö !4¯:( � ��!#� �¹� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(S!4��� � �ª!#+ (�û

0d,#��5F�);e��+ � , � BC,o; �a`G�����)+ � 0d,#��5>! � (��É_ E �S��,�+ ����� � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#�ª(<��+ ��E �)(*�S0²,#��5=! � (1��!#+/¯G�

� (*�); � ,�(���5S� "�! � �c^��X\ ö 5F,�; �)"�(É!#+ ;�5F,;��)"�(É; �)(��-��+��);÷� (���+���2 ö _jô�$&2 � 2 õ�¦ ö ¤ � 8>8(*,#0 � B�!4���#��_ E ��( õ�� ö 0²,#�ª5>! � ��!#+o¯G�<� (��); � ,>�#�)+�����! � �S��,�+ ����� � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��(X0d,#�&5F,�( � ,#0

��E ��(���5¹�:"�! � �-,�+@�)+ b �-��,�+:5F�)+ � ()�

�Éÿ�� §��g���h��|¨ ����©

_ E ����f��( � ��+��=��5>':"-�)5F�)+ � ! � �-,�+o,#0 � �)( � b �)� � ,#�É�#�)+����ª! � ,#�]; ,��)(X+�, � �l5F':"-�)5F�)+ � !#"�" ��E ��0d�)!�û

� �����)(j,#0p$&,�(*� �*� !���:� � �����ÉBC,#��9���+ ��"��:;��)(ªV

ù4�&_ E ��( � ,�,�":(���' 'G,#� � ( ,�+ "-?S!<"���5=� � �);¹(�� � ,#0[;:! � ! � ?�'G�)(i"��-9#�8��+ � ���#��� O ���)!#" O ¯:� � O ¯G,�,�"-�)!#+ O

¯y� � û b �)� � ,#� O (*�)À�� �)+ ���)(���_ E �<(���':'[,#� � 0²,#�&�:(*���X;���ky+��);o; ! � ! � ?�'G�)(X��(j+�, � (���' 'G,#� � �);

�l+ ��E ��( � ,�,�" �

A��&_ E �8(���' 'G,#� � 0²,#�i( � �ª� � � ����!#"(*'G�)���-k:��! � ��,�+ (p��(p+�, � ' ��, b ��;��);c��+ ��E ��( � ,�,�" �pó E �)+ ��E �����

!4���<5¹� " � �-':"-�j0±!#��� � (&�l+D!F(��l+���"-�&'y!#��94!4�#� O ��E ��( � ,�,�"%��!#+ +�, � �#�)+�����! � � � �)( � b �)� � ,#��(80d,#�

��E �<�)+ � �����É':!#��94!4�#�#��_ E � � �)( � b �)� � ,#�ª(&B&�l"�"[¯[�]�#�)+����ª! � �);�0d,#� ��E �<��+:; � b ��; � !#":0d!#��� � (��

K��«8�+=( � ��� � � ����!#"�(�'[�)����k:��! � �-,�+ ( O ��E �����&( E ,�� "�;c¯G�&(���':'[,#� � 0d,#���#�)+ ����! � ��+�� ��E � � �)( � ��!#(��)(

0d,#�]0d!#��� � ( ��E ! � ;�,@+ , �]E ! b �>!#+�?h��+ � ����0±!#���S'y!4��!#5F� � ����(���8ñ0�!@':!4� � �l��� "�!4�&0±!#��� � ;�,��)(

+ , �¹E ! b �D!#+�?/�l+�':� � ':!4�ª!#5F� � ����(<,#�S!#+�?÷,�� � ':� � ':!4��!#5>� � ����( � ,h¯G�F,#¯:(*��� b �); ��E �)+

BX� ��Ee��E ��( � ,�,�" � �)( � ��!#(*�)(<��!#+ +�, � ¯G�c�#�)+�����! � �);��Sý�� � B E �)+ ��E �l(]0d!#��� � ��(1':!4� � ,#0�!

W�Y U�· YB¬�N ��E �)+=� � ( E ,�� "l;¹¯G�j!4¯:"�� � ,<��5F'G,#� �p��E � b !4����!4¯:"��)(30d��,�5 ��E �j':!#��94!4�#�X!#+:;F!4¯:"-�

Ê#q

Page 79: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

� ,=�#�)+�����! � � ��E � � �)( � ��!#(*�)()�

5��&_ E ��( � ,�,�"p���)À�� �����)( ��E �>��+�':� � 0²,#�ª5>! � 0²,#� ��E � � �)( � ���)À��:�-���)5F�)+ � ( � ,�¯[�c��+/$j,�(�� �*� !�

8 � B&�l"�":¯G�<5F,#����� (*��0±� "G�-0 ��E � � �)( � ���)À�� �����)5F�)+ � (8��!#+o¯G�É(*'G�)���-k �);���+ õ�� ö �

���&_ E �X':��,����)(�(�,#03(���5S� "�! � ��+�� ��E �];��)(��-��+@��!#+�!#"�(*,S¯G�1!#� � ,�5=! � �);%��2 � �)( �8E !4�ª+��)(�(CB&��"�"

¯G�F� (*�); � ,h��+ ( � !#+ � ��! � � ��E �F��+�'y� � (]!#+ ;/0²���); ��E ,�(*�>��+�'y� � ( � , ��E �F' ��,#�#��!#5 � , � �)( �

� � (j0±� + � � �-,�+ !#"l� � ?#�821( ��E �l( � ,�,�"3�#�)+�����! � �)( ��E � � �)( � �l+�':� � (j�l+ õ�� ö 0²,#�ª5>! � �-0Q! � �)( �

E !4��+��)(�(p��(p;�� b �)"-,#'G�); ��E ! �p� !49#�)( õ�� ö ��+�'y� � 0d,#��5 O ��E �)+ ��E �)(��j!4¯:( � ��!#� �Q� �)( � b �)� � ,#��(

��!#+�¯G�<� (*�);0d,#�&(���5S� "�! � �-,�+'y����'G,�(*�)(��

Ê#á

Page 80: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

­ ®°¯ ±�® �³²´�l��µ ¶��

· ù¹¸S\1�)(����ª�-' � �-,�+,#0Q��+�'y� � 0d,#��5>! � 0²,#�&(���5¹�:"�! � ��+��c2 ö _jô�$&2 � 2 õ�¦ ö ¤ � 8>8C5F,;��)"�()�ó÷,#�ª"�;�ó���;��Éó÷��¯]V N�v�v�}j� æ�æbºDºWº è*���#v�u�� ��è�����z �

· A-¸h»�! b ! ö !#+ ��� !4�#�¹2 ¦ 8J�Qó÷,#��"�;�ó���;��Éó÷��¯sV

N�v�v�}j� æ�æD¼ � ã ��èªt)s��8è�����z æF¼ ¦ t4u æ  3è0: æ ���t æ ��}[x �

· K-¸ õ�� ö O \]_j\ O õ�� öÄ� � E �)5>!>_ � � ,#����!#" �Qó÷,#�ª"�;�ó���;��Éó÷��¯]V

N�v�v�}j� æ�æbºDºWº è º ¨ t��ON:����� t è�����z �

· 5o¸ õ�� öÄ� 'G�)������! � ��,�+ (��pó÷,#��"�;�ó���;��Éó÷��¯sV Nv�v�}8� æ�æbºWºDº è º ¨ �pè����� �

· �-¸ � ����+ � b !#(�2&9�9�-'G�); ; � � 2X; b !#+ ���);o_3�)( � ^Q�)� � ,#��`1�)+ ����! � �-,�+o����,�5à$j,�(�� �*� !� � !#( � ���B½ (��E �)(���( O ¤1+ � b ����(�� � ?�.10 ¾�!#+ (�!#( O A4ú#ú�ù4�

· Ê-¸ ¦ ������?@21"-��f�!#+ ;����)�i\1� � !#��"�(j,#0 ��,�(*� �*� !��ó÷,#��"l;�ów�l;��Éó÷��¯]V N�v�v�}j� æ�æoºWºWº èªt#�����iè����� �

· �O¸ ¦ ������?@21"-��f�!#+ ;���� O 6��l+ ;�?¿¾É,�+ � O \]! b ��;oý�!4� � ,�+ O�¦ � � ���12X( E �)+ ;��)+ O !#+ ;e6�! ��E ������+ �

� �)+�,�+%��$j,�(*� �*� !D( � ��!)BX5>!#+%��A4ú#úqA��

· q-¸S2X':!#� E �#��\1� � !#��"�(&,#0!»�! b ! ¦ !4��(*����(j0²,#� õ�� ö �ió÷,#��"l;�ów�l;��

ó÷��¯sV Nv�v�}j��� æ�æ �4zG�iè*��}y���ON:u�è������ �

��ú

Page 81: y7N·¼7N·y - ittc.ku.edu · PDF file©+ª«­¬¯®"°/±R²a«¯³´®ª µ N O¶Q+h\Z#]^bAj NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NtNmN N NmN N NmNtN N NmN N NmNtN N µ

· á-¸g8�ý � ��8ñý � \1� b �)"-,#'G����(j_ � � ,#����!#" �Qó÷,#�ª"�;�ó���;��Éó÷��¯]V

N�v�v�}%t � æ�æoºWºDº é�è�t#� � v º ���u�è�x � z&è��4��z æ ��u ã u����4}:u#� º �����Gt æ u��#sG�#��v:x���� æ ��z[�x���v��� �

· ù�út¸h» � ¦ �À�X!#+ +:! O ��� ö �À�X����(�� E O _É�À���ÀÁX, E O !#+:;o$<� $�� ^Q�)5¹���ª� �~ Hª°d´D¬ÄÃɺÆÅ�ÇÉÈ/Y4´ ½ Å�Ê9Ë�ÌÍ K4M9Ç�Î1N U I±°'Ï#N�ËSN�Hª°m¬#´÷Y4´ ½÷¸ NJHJI±°d´D¬ ��¾<"���B����j21��!#;��)5>�l� ¦ ��¯y"���( E ���ª( O ù)á#á����

· ù#ù¹¸ � ��� E !4�)"�¾<!)?#�TÐ ÈCÌ ¸4Ñ M*K;¬#M*Y4PcP=N�M_Ò H9ÓjN Í N�M*N�´ U NYÔ Â ´ ½ N ½ °±I±°±K#´ �3ó÷��,)f ¦ ���)(�(Õ8�+ � O A4ú#ú#ú�

· ùBA-¸F`É!4������+7¾<�l5>5F�)"�" O »#,�(���' E ¾<��� E + O ¾É?�"l�-�]ów��"l"���!#5>( O !#+ ;I»��)(�(*� ��� !#+:"-��?#� Ó8K�H)N�I ILYËcNªÏ4N ¶ KªW�N�M�H�ÖCR° ½ N �Õ¤X+ � b ����(��-��?�.10r¾�!#+ (�!#( O \1�)���)5¹¯G���9A4ú#úqA��

· ùBK-¸SýC,; !#+×¾É,#���)" �i2X� � ,�5>! � �); � ,#0 � B�!4���S_��)( � \1! � !`1�)+�����! � ��,�+%� ³�Ç�ÇÕÇ�O ù)á#á4ú�

· ùY5o¸S$&,#�#��� � ¦ ���)(�(�5=!#+%� ÈyK Í IÙØ�Y4M�N¥Ç�´D¬�°²´GN�N�MJ°d´D¬Fº Ñ M*Y U I±° K4´[N�MCÒ H]º�W�WyM*K)Y UªÚ�� � �Jûñ`1��!nB�1��"�" O A4ú#ú�ù4�

· ù)�-¸Æ¾<����( E +:!¹$X!#+���!#+ ! ��E !#+%��\8^1_1` O \1�)(��-��+o^Q�����-k:��! � �-,�+�_��)( � `1�)+�����! � �-,�+�0²��,�5

$&,�(*� �*� ! � '[�)����k:��! � �-,�+ (�� � !#( � ���B½ ( ��E �)(���( O ¤1+ � b ���ª(�� � ?o.10i6���+ ���l+ + ! � � O A4ú#ú�ù4�

��ù