لله ابسم الرح ميالرحمن
Controls of different body system
- Endocrine system
- Nervous system
- Immune system
Endocrine systemEndocrine cell hormones blood
Capillary
target tissues (organs) = receptor
Type of endocrine glands
• hypophysis
• epiphysis
• langerhan's island
• adrenal
• thyroid
• parathyroid
hypophysis = pituitary glandsphenoid bone
origin double = ectoderm
surface ectoderm=Rathke's pouch(adenohypohysis)
-neural ectoderm = Neurohypohysis
Neurohypohysis
adenohypohysis
Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)
3-part• pars distalis • pars tubularis
• pars intermedia
Capsule, Trabecula =pia mater
Stroma= reticular c.t.
Sructure:
1= endocrine cell
2=Fenestrated capillary
pars distalis= 75%
two– type cell
1- chromophobic cell
2- chromophilic cell
A- acidophilic cell
B-basophilic cell
1- chromophobic cell
acidophilic cell1- somatotropic cell
Growth hormone (somatotropin)
2-mamotropic cell
prolactin
Growth hormone
Acromegaly&GigantismEnlargement of Face, Hands, Feets
growth hormone
nanism
2-mamotropic cell
prolactin
basophilic cell
1-corticotropic cell ACTH
3-gonadrtopic cell , FSH , LH
2-thyrotropic cell, TSH
* pars tubularis
gonadotropic cell = FSH , LH
Pars intermediapars intermedia = rudimentary
basophilic cell ( α-MSH)
neurohypohysis1- pars nervosa
2- infundibulum
3- neural stalk
Pars nervosa, infundibulumInfundibulum: Herring body
structure-secretory neuron(unmylinated)
--Pitucyte (25%)=neuroglia
-
hormones1-Oxytocin (neurophysin) + ATP
2-vaso pressin (ADH) (Neurophysin) + ATP
Epiphysis = pineal glandShap: flattened conical organ
StructureCapsule: pia mater
Septa: pia mater irregular lobule
1-Fenestrated capillary
2-Cells:
A-pinealocyte
B-asterocyte = glial cell
regulatory of physiological systematic
A-pinealocyte: Produce: melatonin , serotonin
melatonin (dark period)
serotonin (light region)
Aging=Brain sand
pineal gland =visual stimuli relayed
langerhan's islet (pancreas)round cluster of cell
number: > million islets (Tail)
capsule: reticular C.T
stroma: reticular C.T
cell (cord) + capillary
Type of cellscells: 4 – type different hormones
A-cell = 20% = marginal zone
glucagun
B-cell = 70% = central zone
Insulin
D-cell = somatostatin = transitional zone = < 5%
F-cell = transitional zone (little) pancreatic polypeptide
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