1.
Levine
(Levine2002; Beck and Levine2002)(bank-based)
(Gerschenkron1962; and Zingales1998)
(Allen and Gale 1999)
315
(market-based)
()
(Raj an 1992)
(Weinstein and Yafeh 1998)
(Wenger and
Kaserer 1998)
(financial services)
(Levine 1997)
(law and finance)
( Porta,Lopez-de-Silanes,Shleiferand Vishny 2000)
316
(King and
Levine 1993; Levine and Zervos 1998)
(Tadasse 2002)Gerschenkron
()(Demirguc-
Kunt and Maksimovic 2002;Levine 2002;Beck and Levine 2002)
Gerschenkron
()
(Great Devide)
(Berglof and Bolt2002)
317
2001
318
2.
7V
319
7V
1i = (n
z7()
0z71
(O1)
12)
/(/7/)
1fX,(72
(/1)(O1)
[1(1)2]
[1(1)2](a)w
()2212(1)1(2(1)22}2
(2()M72
(:
141)
320
X = (n2)/(z72
z71d/dOd/d
O(n =0)
XNz7
()
321
da/dhO
()
w =(1)Nw
N -inm = N n I
(/=1)
322
b
m=0(n =N -I)
77=1d77/dO
323
()
(,0)
o
y7
324
3.s.
n =0
1,7yv1l/(nXN=n
1)ZN
)
()
()oc)
()
l(A)
()
()()
(, A,, A,, 1)
122
325
A = A,
1/yv1
326
I2(I,72
()
1
yV
327
,7
(1)7V
328
7V
2
,
329
4.
330
331
332
(Weinstein and Yafeh 1998; Wenger and
Kaserer1998)
()(Stiglitz
1985;Bhide 1993)
()
333
335
