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Radio Resource Management
Algorithms in B9
B9 Claro Workshop - February 14th 2006
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Agenda
Autonomous Packet Resource allocation
Computation of MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
Selection of allocated PDCH
Impacts on CS Preemption algorithm
TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
Transmission resources usage
Best candidate allocation of radio TS
Modifications of TBF reallocations algorithms
Parameters & Quality of Service indicators
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Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Autonomous Packet Resource Allocation
In B8:The BSC evaluates the number of timeslots that the MFS could use
to carry PS traffic (Max_SPDCH_Dyn),
The MFS does not know which timeslots are usable for PS traffic,
To serve a new TBF, the MFS needs to request new timeslots to theBSC.
Event-triggered mechanism
Max_SPDCH_Dyn = 8
TS allocated to BSC
TS allocated to
MFS
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Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Autonomous Packet Resource Allocation (RAE4)
In B9, the following new needs have appeared:
Need to know the list of basic Abis nibbles which are currentlyavailable to establish GCHs,
Need to know which basic Abis nibbles are preemptable / not-preemptable for CS traffic by the BSC. This information is useful:
For the QoS feature (in order to be able to ensure a given GBR foran RT PFC).
To define some priorities in the Abis nibble selection (preference isgiven to the non-preemptable basic Abis nibbles in order to limit theinteraction of CS over PS traffic).
Need to accelerate TBF establishment times (the B8 round trip delaybetween MFS and BSC to allocate some PDCHs can be avoided).
To meet all those needs, a process called AutonomousPacket Resource Allocation has been introduced in B9.
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Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Autonomous Packet Resource Allocation (RAE4)
In B9: The BSC evaluates a number of timeslots that the MFS can use to
carry PS traffic (Max_SPDCH_Limit),
Periodical exchange of messages between the BSC and the MFS:
BSC to MFS: list of RTS that the MFS can use,
MFS to BSC: acknowledgement of allocated / de-allocated RTS.
The MFS knows which timeslots can be used to serve a new TBF.
Periodical mechanism
Max_SPDCH_Limit = 8
TS allocated to BSC
TS allocated to
MFS
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Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Autonomous Packet Resource Allocation (RAE4)
CS/PS sharing is based on the evaluation of Max_SPDCH_Limit. The Max_SPDCH_Limit value:
Corresponds to a number of timeslots allocated to the MFS,
Evaluated at the BSC level,
Periodically, every TCH_INFO_PERIOD * RR_ALLOC_PERIOD,
Transmitted to the MFS using the RR Allocation Indication message,
Comprised between Min_SPDCH and Max_SPDCH.
The evaluation of Max_SPDCH_Limit is based on:
O&M parameters (Max_PDCH, Min_PDCH, Max_PDCH_HIGH_LOAD,HIGH_TRAFFIC_LOAD_GPRS, THR_MARGIN_PRIO_PS),
CS and PS load, averaged using a sliding window of sizeLoad_EV_Period_GPRS,
PS load: provided to the BSC by the RR Usage Indication message.
Sharing of unused TSs between CS and PS traffic.
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At the expiry of the TCH_INFO_PERIOD timer, the following loadsamples are calculated: NB_USED_CS_TS(k) & NB_USED_PS_TS(k)
NB_USED_TS(k) = NB_USED_CS_TS(k) + NB_USED_PS_TS(k)
NB_UNUSED_TS(k)
for each cell, every RR_ALLOC_PERIOD * TCH_INFO_PERIOD, the BSCcomputes three averaged values through a sliding window of sizeLOAD_EV_PERIOD_GPRS (default value = 3):
TCH_INFO_PERIOD = 5s
AV_USED_CS_TS(k)
AV_USED_PS_TS(k)
AV_UNUSED_TS(k)
NB_USED_CS_TS(k)
NB_USED_PS_TS(k)
NB_USED_TS(k)
NB_UNUSED_TS(k)
kk-1k-2
LOAD_EV_PERIOD_GPRS = 3
k+1 k+2
AV_USED_CS_TS(k+2)
AV_USED_PS_TS(k+2)
AV_UNUSED_TS(k+2)
RR_ALLOC_PERIOD * TCH_INFO_PERIOD
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
RAE4 : Load evaluation
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the BSC periodically (every RR_ALLOC_PERIOD *TCH_INFO_PERIOD) computes the number of Slave PDCHs that itcan provide to the MFS: MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD
Computation of CS/PSMargin
AV_USED_CS_TSAV_USED_PS_TSAV_UNUSED_TS
NB_TS_DEFINEDNB_TS_SPDCH
Computation of
Thresholds
THR_MARGIN_PRIORITY_CSTHR_MARGIN_PRIORITY_PS
NB_TS
MARGIN_PRIORITY_CS
MARGIN_PRIORITY_PS
Computation of
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
MAX_PDCH_HIGH_LOADMAX_PDCHMIN_PDCH
NB_TS_MPDCH
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
MIN_SPDCHMAX_SPDCH
O&M parameters
O&M parameter
= 100 HIGH_TRAFFIC_LOAD_GPRS
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
RAE4 : MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT Calculation
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Two new margins are introduced, to guarantee that acertain number of timeslots are kept available for thearrival of new calls between two transmissions of the RR
Allocation Indication message
CS Margin TS that should be kept at BSC for possibly incoming CS calls
Computation based on HIGH_TRAFFIC_LOAD_GPRS
PS Margin TS that should be allocated to the MFS for possibly incoming TBF
Computation based on THR_MARGIN_PRIO_PS andMAX_PDCH_HIGH_LOAD
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
RAE4 : MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT Calculation
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MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT Calculation : It can be in the range of [MIN_SPDCH, MAX_SPDCH]
Unused TS are shared equally between BSC and MFS
If the number of unused TS is too low (e-g high CS/PS traffic), then
Margins are used
Higher priority is given to CS over PS, except when used PDCH arebelow Max_PDCH_High_Load
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
RAE4 : MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT Calculation
MIN_SPDCH
MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD
MAX_SPDCH
reserved for PS priority for PS priority for CS reserved for CS
MAX_SPDCH_Limit
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Agenda
Autonomous Packet Resource allocation
Computation of MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
Selection of allocated PDCH
Impacts on CS Preemption algorithm
TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
Transmission resources usage
Best candidate allocation of radio TS
Modifications of TBF reallocations algorithms
Parameters & Quality of Service indicators
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Radio Resource AllocationIndication message:
Periodically, everyTCH_INFO_PERIOD *RR_ALLOC_PERIOD,
SPDCHs_Allocationbitmap: containsinformation whether a timeslot isallocated to the MFS or not.
Radio Resource UsageIndication message:
Periodically, everyTCH_INFO_PERIOD or in responseto a RR Allocation Indication,
SPDCHs_Confirmation bitmap:indicates or confirms whether atimeslot is allocated or not to the MFS,
SPDCHs_Usage bitmap: providesoccupancy states of timeslotsallocated to the MFS.
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT TS selection
BSC MFS
Radio Resource AllocationSPDCHs_Allocation
Radio Resource UsageSPDCHs_Confirmation
SPDCHs_Usage
Radio Resource UsageSPDCHs_Confirmation
SPDCHs_Usage
Radio Resource AllocationSPDCHs_Allocation
Radio Resource UsageSPDCHs_Confirmation
SPDCHs_Usage
TCH_
INFO_
PERIOD
TCH_
INFO_
PERIOD
TCH_
INFO_
PERIOD
xRR_
ALLOC_
PERIOD
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The way to set the priority of the PS capable TRX (TRX_PREF_MARK= 0) is slightly modified in B9 release with the introduction of afrequency band criterion:
PS_PREF_BCCH_TRX
HW TRE capability (G4 HP -> G4 MP -> G3)
DR TRE capability (FR TRX -> DR TRX)
E-GSM TRX preference (new in B9, E-GSM TRX -> P-GSM/GSM850/DCSTRX)
TRX having the maximum number of consecutive SPDCHs
TRX identity (low TRX id -> high TRX id)
PS TS and TRX ordering:
First step : the TRX with lowest rank (see above) is selected first
Second step: once the TRX has been selected, the TCH/SPDCH timeslotshaving the lowest timeslot index, e-g. located at the most left side is selectedfirst
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT TS selection : ordering
o ca on o e a oca on s ra egy
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o ca on o e a oca on s ra egy
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT TS selection : PS TSzones
example: MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD = 8,MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT = 10
example: MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD = 8,MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT = 3
TRX2 TRX1
1 3 42 5 6 7 8 9 10 1211 13 14 15 16
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT zone
PS CSPS CS CSCS CS
MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD zone
PS PS PS PS
Non pre-emptable PS zone
PS traffic zone
TRX2 TRX1
1 3 42 5 6 7 8 9 10 1211 13 14 15 16
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT zone
PS CSPS CS CSCS CS
MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD zone
PS CS CS
Non pre-emptable PS zone
PS traffic zone
CS
MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD zone:
the MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOADconsecutive PS capable TS that arepreferred for PS allocation
Non pre-emptable PS zone:
always insideMAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD zone
in this latter zone, we search for therightest TS allocated to the MFS andused. Then, all the TS located at its leftdefine the non pre-emptable PS zone
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT zone:
the MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT consecutivePS capable TS preferred for PSallocation
PS traffic zone:
the larger zone between the 2 above
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Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT TS selection
Impact on SPDCH capable TS carrying CS traffic: If located inside the PS traffic zone, they are pre-reserved for PS.
No new incoming CS call can be served on this TS, if it becomes unusedonce it is pre-reserved for PS.
Valid until the TS becomes not pre-reserved for PS again and of coursestill handled by the BSC
If located inside the Non pre-emptable PS zone and theMAX_SPDCH_LIMIT zone, an intracell Handover can be triggered
if EN_RETURN_CS_ZONE_HO = enabled, the BSC shall check whether
TCHs are allocated in both the MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT zone and the non pre-emptable PS zone, and trigger the HO (cause 30)
the TS will be considered as unused only once the handover will have beensuccessfully performed. As the pre-reservation state of such a TS is set topre-reserved for PS, no new incoming CS call can be allocated on it
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Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT TS selection
CS calls in the Non pre-emptable PS zone:
TRX2 TRX1
1 3 42 5 6 7 8 9 10 1211 13 14 15 16
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT zone
PS CSPS CS CSCS CS
MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD zone
PS PS PS PS
Non pre-emptable PS zone
PS traffic zone
TRX2 TRX11 3 42 5 6 7 8 9 10 1211 13 14 15 16
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT zone
PS CSPS CS CSCS CS
MAX_SPDCH_HIGH_LOAD zone
PS CS CS
Non pre-emptable PS zone
PS traffic zone
CS
PS CSused by PS used by CS CS used by CS, candidatefor HO cause 30
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PS PS CS CS CS CS CSCS CSPS PS CS CS CS CS CSCSCSPS PS CS CS CS CS CSCS CS
Examples of SPDCHs_Allocation_bitmap building:
2 TRXs in the cell
initial situation: TS1 and TS2 on TRX2 allocated to the MFS
the non pre-emptable PS zone is always included in the
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT zoneMAX_SPDCH_LIMIT = 5
TRX 2 TRX 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT_ZONE
PS traffic zone
1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT TS selection
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PS PS CS CS CS CS CSCSPS PS CS CS CS CS CSCSPS PS CS CS CS CS CSCS
Examples of SPDCHs_Allocation_bitmap building:
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT = 7
TRX 2 TRX 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT_ZONE
PS traffic zone
1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT TS selection
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Examples of SPDCHs_Allocation_bitmap building:
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT = 4
PS PS CS CS CS CS CSCS
TRX 2 TRX 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT_ZONE
PS traffic zone
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
PS PS CS CS CS CS CSCS
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT TS selection
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Agenda
Autonomous Packet Resource allocation
Computation of MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
Selection of allocated PDCH
Impacts on CS Preemption algorithm
TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
Transmission resources usage
Best candidate allocation of radio TS
Modifications of TBF reallocations algorithms
Parameters & Quality of Service indicators
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Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
CS Preemption (1/2)
BSC MFS
Radio Resource AllocationSPDCHs_Allocation
Radio Resource UsageSPDCHs_Confirmation
SPDCHs_Usage
Radio Resource UsageSPDCHs_Confirmation
SPDCHs_Usage
T_
PDCH_
PREEMPTION
=TCH
_INFO_
PERIOD
-1sec
TCH_I
NFO_
PERIOD
1) MFS knows which SPDCHs shall begiven back to the BSC
2) Impacted SPDCHs not used areimmediately given back to the BSCNote : SPDCHs considered not used ifno TBF resources are allocated onthese SPDCHs and their basic Abis
nibbles are free)3) Remaining impacted SPDCHs, which
are in use (at least one TBF isestablished on those SPDCHs or thebasic Abis nibbles of those SPDCHsare used by a GCH channel), aremarked as de-allocating
4) the CS pre-emption process shall becompleted beforeT_PDCH_Preemption timer (set toTCH_INFO_PERIOD - 1s)
5) When T_PDCH_Preemption expires,the fast preemption is launched.
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TBFs candidate for T1 reallocation:PACCH impacted by the pre-emption (as in B8)
TBFs for which the M-EGCH link size becomes too low to serve the
Max_Allowed_(M)CS of the TBF (new in B9).
Reallocated with a decrease of MaxMCS
DL
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
UL
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
No T1 candidate
T1 candidate
M-EGCHEGPRS TBF
TRX
2 preempted GCHsMax_EGPRS_MCS = MCS9 5 GCHs needed
4 GCHs
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
CS Preemption (2/2)
f f C
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Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Related Parameters
HMI name Definition Sub-system
Instance
OMC-Raccess
Type Defvalue
Range Unit
NEW :RR_ALLOC_PERIOD
This parameter allows to tune the time betweentwo sendings of the BSCGP RR AllocationIndication message
BSC BSC None(DLS)
Number
2 [1,30] None
NEW :
THR_MARGIN_PRIO_PS
Margin of radio timeslots reserved for PS trafficbetween two sendings of the BSCGP RRAllocation Indication message. The threshold isexpressed in percentage of radio timeslots
BSC BSC None(DLS)
Percentage
10 [0,100] %
NEW :EN_RETURN_CS_ZONE_HO
Flag enabling the intracell handovers allowing to
move TCH from the PS zone to the CS zone of
PDCH/TCH allocation
BSC cell Changeable
flag 1 [0,1] None
Removed parameters :
T_PDCH_PREEMPTION
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Agenda
Autonomous Packet Resource allocation
Computation of MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
Selection of allocated PDCH
Impacts on CS Preemption algorithm
TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
Transmission resources usage
Best candidate allocation of radio TS
Modifications of TBF reallocations algorithms
Parameters & Quality of Service indicators
M difi ti f th PDCH ll ti t t
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TRX capabilities for GPRS (maximum CS) and for EGPRS (EGPRSpossible or not, maximum MCS) are defined at MFS side using:
HW PS capability for each TRX,
Max_GPRS_CS O&M parameter,
En_EGPRS O&M parameter,
Max_EGPRS_MCS O&M parameter.
TRE generation HW PS capability of the TRX
G2 (TRE in a DRFU BTS) CS-1/2
G3 (TRE in an Evolium BTS) CS-1/4
G4 (TRE in an Evolium BTS) CS-1/4 + MCS-1/9
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Definitions
M difi ti f th PDCH ll ti t t
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TRX is said established if there is an M-EGCH link associated tothis TRX with GCHs.
For each TRX, the following variables are defined:
Established_Nb_GCH:
Number of GCHs that are activated in the M-EGCH link
Non CS Preemptable GCH:
GCH, whose Abis nibble is not CS preemptable (Extra Abis nibble,Bonus Abis nibble,Basic Abis nibble mapped on a RTS inside theMax_SPDCH_High_Load zone.
CS Preemptable GCH:
GCH, whose Abis nibble is CS preemptable (Basic Abis nibblemapped on a RTS outside the Max_SPDCH_High_Load zone)
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Definitions
M difi ti f th PDCH ll ti t t
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Target_Nb_GCH:
Estimation of the GCHs necessary in a given M-EGCH link to carry thetraffic
It may of course not be reached in case of congestion situations at
transmission level (Abis and/or Ater).It is a function of:
-Number of PDCHs on the TRX, on which radio resources have been allocated forBE TBFs,
-Max_GPRS_CS and Max_EGPRS_MCS O&M parameter values,
-Number of GCH needed per PDCH forMax_GPRS_CS / Max_EGPRS_MCS
-Whether Ater Usage in the GPU is high or not. If it is high, the value ofTarget_Nb_GCH is reduced so as to decrease the global Ater resourceconsumption in the GPU.
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
M-EGCH link size : Target_Nb_GCH
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
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Target_Nb_GCH is updated:At TBF allocation / reallocation,
At TBF release.
Example of Target_Nb_GCH evaluation:
Target_Nb_GCH =4 * 4.49 = 18GCHs for the MEGCH link of a TRX supportingone 4-TS EGPRS TBF (Max_EGPRS_MCS = MCS-9),
Target_Nb_GCH = 4 * 1.64 = 7GCHs for the M-EGCH link of a TRX supportingone 4-TS GPRS TBF (Max_GPRS_CS = CS-4).
(In this example, it is supposed that the Ater usage of the GPU is nothigh)
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
M-EGCH link size : Target_Nb_GCH
Max_GPRS_CS Nb_GCH(Max_GPRS_CS)
CS-1 0,73
CS-2 1,00
CS-3 1,25
CS-4 1,64
Max_EGPRS_MCS
Nb_GCH(Max_EGPRS_MCS)
MCS-1 0,89
MCS-2 1,00
MCS-3 1,33
MCS-4 1,50
MCS-5 1,86
MCS-6 2,36
MCS-7 3,49MCS-8 4,14
MCS-9 4,49
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
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When establishing new GCHs in the M-EGCH link of a given TRX, the freeAbis nibbles are selected with the following priorities:
1)Free basic Abis nibbles mapped to RTSs currently available for PS traffic
and within the Max_SPDCH_High_Load zone of the cell,
2)Free extra Abis nibblesandfree bonus Abis nibbles,
3)Free basic Abis nibbles mapped to RTSs currently available for PS traffic
and out of the Max_SPDCH_High_Load zone of the cell.
If not enough free Abis nibbles, or free Ater nibbles, use of GCH preemption:
4)Inter-cell GCH preemption,5)Intra-cell GCH preemption.
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Abis selection in M-EGCH link
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
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Triggers for M-EGCH link establishment or capacity increase:New TBF allocated on the TRX
And Target_Nb_GCH becomes strictly higher than
Established_Nb_GCH.
Periodical GCH establishment process
Periodical attempt to increase the M-EGCH link size of TRXs, if its
size is lower than Target_Nb_GCH.
Addition of GCHs to the TRX of the cell (target TRX), whose
deficit in terms of number of GCHs is the highest.
Fast Initial PS Access feature O&M parameter at cell-level :
EN_FAST_INITIAL_GPRS_ACCESS.
Ensures that one M-EGCH link is always established on the the
most PS-prioritary TRX of the cell
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
M-EGCH link establishment or increase
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
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When a TBF is released and Target_Nb_GCH becomes strictlylower than Established_Nb_GCHunused GCHs: Triggers an inactivity timer (T_GCH_Inactivity)
Anticipates new TBF arrival,
GCH preemption.
At timer expiry, if Target_Nb_GCH is still strictly lower thanEstablished_Nb_GCH, the unused GCHs are released:
Choice of GCHs to release is the reverse order than the one used forGCH establishment.
If there is no TBF traffic in the cell and the TRX is the last established TRXof the cell:
Not all the GCHs are released (keep N_GCH_Fast_PS_Access GCHs),
Triggers T_GCH_Inactivity_Last timer.
Only valid if Fast Initial PS Access is disabled.
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Handling of unused GCHs
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
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M-EGCH link
7 used GCHs
GCH1 B HL
GCH2 B HL
GCH3 B HL
GCH5 Extra
GCH4 Extra
GCH7 B > HL
GCH6 B > HL
Established_Nb_GCH = 10
3 unused GCHsGCH9 B > HL
GCH8 B > HL
GCH10 B > HL
B > HL: GCH uses a basic Abisnibble mapped on a RTS out of the
Max_SPDCH_High_Load zone of
the cell.
Extra: GCH uses an extra Abis
nibble or a bonus basic Abis nibble.
B HL: GCH uses a basic Abisnibble mapped on a RTS within the
Max_SPDCH_High_Load zone of
the cell.
At T_GCH_Inactivity timer
expiry
Established_Nb_GCH = 7
Target_Nb_GCH = 7
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
Handling of unused GCHs
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
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M-EGCH link capacity decrease:
GCHs are removed from an M-EGCH link of a TRX:
When a TBF is released and Target_Nb_GCH becomes
strictly lower than Established_Nb_GCH (unused GCHs andinactivity timer mechanism),
GCH preemption: inter-cell and intra-cell,
CS preemption: a basic Abis nibble used in the M-EGCH
link is mapped on a RTS that must be given back to theBSC (CS preempted RTS).
Modification of the PDCH allocation strategy
M-EGCH link capacity decrease
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
TBF Resource establishment process
The TBF resource establishment process operates in two steps:
Radio Resource Allocation
Algorithm
Find best candidate timeslot allocation
Verify if enough transmission resource
GCH reservation
GCH establishment
Maximum allowed (M)CS
Two policies are defined
ASAP,
Optimal
TBF Establishment
If Allocation = OK
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Two TBF allocation policies are defined: ASAP: used for BE TBF establishment, T1, T2 and T4 reallocation. Its goal is to
serve the request as soon as possible.
OPTIMAL: used for T3 reallocation. Its goal is to ensure that a significant bandwidthwill be offered to the MS upon T3 reallocation, even if it takes some time to establishall the necessary GCHs
Nb_GCH_For_TBF_Estab:
Minimum number of GCHs, which are required on the TRX to serve the request.
Type of request Policy Nb_GCH_For_Estab
TBF establishment (without concurrent) ASAP 1
TBF establishment (with concurrent) ASAP 1 to 5 (depending on the Max_Allowed_(M)CS ofthe concurrent TBF)
T1 TBF reallocation ASAP 1
T4 TBF reallocation ASAP 1 to 2 (depending on the Max_Allowed_CS ofconcurrent TBF)
T3 TBF reallocation Optimal 1 to 5 (depending on the Max_Allowed_(M)CS ofconcurrent TBF)
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
TBF Resource establishment process
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Determination of the Max_Allowed_(M)CS of a TBF: Depends on the type of TBF (GPRS / EGPRS) and of the direction of the
TBF (UL / DL)
Is based on the number of established GCHs
Is limited by:
GPRS / EGPRS TRX capability, Max_GPRS_CS and Max_EGPRS_MCS (O&M parameters).
Nb_GCH Max_Allowed_CS
1 CS-2 (UL) / CS-1
(DL) 2 CS-4
Nb_GCH Max_Allowed_MCS
1 MCS-2 (UL) / MCS-1 (DL)
2 MCS-5
3 MCS-6
4 MCS-7
5 MCS-9
Modification of the TBF allocation/re allocation strategy
TBF Resource establishment process
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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3 cells @ 2 TRX: Max_PDCH_High_Load = 4 a maximum of 4 non CS preemptable basic Abis nibbles
can be established in the cell,
Max_PDCH = 8,
Max_EGPRS_MCS = MCS-9, Max_GPRS_CS = CS-4,
Max_SPDCH_Limit = 6 a maximum of 6 basic Abis nibbles can be established in thecell.
C
S
radio
Cell A
Cell B
Cell C
Abis
Basic
nibbles
6x4 extra
nibbles
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Transmission resources establishment
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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First EDGE MS (MS1), class 8 in cell A -> Target_Nb_GCH = 18 GCH Allocation for MS1
4 basic Abis nibble in the Max_PDCH_High_Load zone,
14 extra Abis nibbles,
Total = 18 GCHs.
Cell A
Cell B
Cell C
basic
extra
C
SMS1C
SCell A
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Transmission resources establishment
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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Second EDGE MS (MS2), class 8 in cell B -> Target_Nb_GCH = 18 GCH Allocation for MS2 4 basic Abis nibbles in the Max_PDCH_High_Load zone,
10 free extra Abis nibbles,
2 basic Abis nibbles outside the Max_PDCH_High_Load zone,
Inter GCH preemption between Cell A and Cell B: 14 extra Abis in cell A, 10 extra Abis in cell B,
2 extras Abis nibbles are pre-empted from Cell A to Cell B
Total = 18 GCHs. basic
extra
Cell A
Cell B
Cell C
C
SMS1MS2
C
SCell ACell B
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Transmission resources establishment
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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After GCH allocation of MS2 in cell B:
In Cell A: Established_Nb_GCH = 16
Next Periodical GCH process in Cell A:
2 basic Abis nibbles outside the Max_PDCH_High_Load zone,
Total = 16 + 2 = 18 GCHs.
basic
extra
C
SMS1MS2
C
SCell ACell B
Cell A
Cell B
Cell C
od cat o o t e a ocat o / e a ocat o st ategy
Transmission resources establishment
A d
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Agenda
Autonomous Packet Resource allocation
Computation of MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
Selection of allocated PDCH
Impacts on CS Preemption algorithm
TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
Transmission resources usage
Best candidate allocation of radio TS
Modifications of TBF reallocations algorithms
Parameters & Quality of Service indicators
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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gy
TRX List computing
The goal of the TRX list computing step is to determine the TRX list onwhich the TBF or one UL block candidate allocations will be searched
The conditions for a TRX to be inserted into the TRX list are:
the TRX shall be PS capable
if the TRX is not already mapped to a DSP, and no DSP can be associated tothe TRX, then the TRX shall not be considered
Difference with B8 release:
there are no longer some restricted EGPRS capable TRX lists (i.e. selectionof the EGPRS TRX of highest class (that is which offer the highest
throughput) as long as the maximum number of EGPRS TBF per PDCH onthese TRX is not higher than a threshold). Indeed, all the EGPRS capableTRXs can offer the same potential throughput: they are all mapped on G4TRE, and the B8 concept of TRX pool type has disappeared
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gy
Best candidate allocation computation
Once all the usable PDCHs are determined, the different
candidate timeslot allocations are sorted according to
their respective available throughput, in order to
choose the one offering the highest throughput to serve theconsidered request. This is a complete change compared to
the previous BSS releases (B6, B7 and B8)
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gy
Definition : PDCH states
Allocated:
new in B9: the PDCH is a SPDCH indicated as usable for PS traffic by theBSC
B8 definition: radio resource allocated to the MFS, but associated transmissionresources are not allocated
Active:
new definition in B9: an allocated PDCH is active if it supports at least one
radio resource allocated for a TBF the B8 definition was considering the parameterN_TBF_PER_SPDCH which
is removed in B9 release
Full : as in B8 release
EGPRS: an allocated PDCH is in the EGPRS state if some radio resources areallocated in DL, for an EGPRS TBF. Only used when running the radioresource (re)allocation algorithm in GPRS mode and when considering the ULdirection of the candidate TBF allocations
Remark: the busy PDCH state (number of established TBF on the PDCHhigher than N_TBF_PER_SPDCH) is no more used by the allocation algorithm
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Best candidate allocation computation
Available throughput of a candidate timeslot allocation
New metric introduced in B9 release.
It is the overall throughput provided by its PDCHs.
Depends on two variables: the potential throughput of its PDCHs
the available capacity on each of its PDCHs
Note : in the past releases the idea was already to give the highest
possible throughput to a TBF (allocating the highest number of TS, ifpossible not busy) but there was no explicit metric evaluating thethroughput provided by a candidate TS allocation
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Best candidate allocation computation
Potential throughput of a given PDCH The potential throughput of a PDCH is calculated as follows according to O&M
parameters for the Evolium BTS case:
GPRS best effort TBF: R_AVERAGE_GPRS (default = 12kbit/s)
EGPRS best effort TBF: R_AVERAGE_EGPRS (default = 30kbit/s)
This potential throughput and its associated parameters are only used in thecomputation of the best allocation. No impact at all on the effective throughput !
Available capacity on a given PDCH
For a Best effort GPRS TBF, it takes into account all other BE GPRS TBF or EGPRSTBF on the same TS ( = 1 / Nb_BE_TBF_SAME_PRIOR_XL)
For a Best effort EGPRS TBF, it takes into account only the other BE EGPRS TBF on thesame TS ( = 1 / Nb_BE_EGPRS_ TBF_SAME_PRIOR_XL)
Available throughput of a given candidate timeslot allocation
Computed using available capacity and throughput for all PDCH of the allocation
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Best candidate allocation computation
Candidate time slot allocations sorting : throughput-based: [ALPHA]: For ASAP policy only: the candidate timeslot allocations, which
are on some TRXs for which Established_Nb_GCH is greater thanNb_GCH_For_TBF_Estab are preferred.
[A]: For UL GPRS TBF establishment / reallocation only: the candidatetimeslot allocations, which have the lowest number of PDCHs in the EGPRSstate are preferred.
[B]: the candidate timeslot allocations, which have the highest availablethroughput in the direction of the bias are preferred.
[C]: the candidate timeslot allocations, which have the highest availablethroughput in the direction opposite to the bias are preferred.
[D]: the candidate timeslot allocations, which are on the TRX with the highest
priority, are preferred. [E]: for EGPRS TBFs establishments only: the candidate timeslot allocations,
which have the lowest number of GPRS TBFs in the direction of the bias, arepreferred.
[F]: combinations with the PDCHs that have the lowest index are preferred.
Agenda
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Agenda
Autonomous Packet Resource allocation
Computation of MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
Selection of allocated PDCH
Impacts on CS Preemption algorithm
TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
Transmission resources usage
Best candidate allocation of radio TS
Modifications of TBF reallocations algorithms
Parameters & Quality of Service indicators
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
TBF ll i
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TBF reallocation cases
T1: reallocation to maintain a TBF alive despite the CS preemption ofsome RTSs or of some GCHs in the cell.
T2: reallocation of an on-going TBF when establishing a concurrentTBF.
T3: reallocation useful to
Provide a higher throughput, if it is possible, to a TBF,
Establish a new M-EGCH link for one of the TRXs of the cell,
Perform a radio de-fragmentation process.
T4: reallocation to move an UL GPRS TBF sharing one PDCH with aDL EGPRS TBF onto PDCHs which do not support a DL EGPRS TBF.It concerns only GPRS TBFs.
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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Conditions for a MS to be candidate for T3 reallocation: the BSS systematically requests a T3 reallocation for any MS which has an
established TBF in the direction of the bias verifying the followingconditions:
more than N_CANDIDATE_FOR_REALLOC bytes have been sent on the DL TBFor received on the UL TBF since their establishment
T3192 is not running
Principles of T3 TBF reallocation:
Computing of a THROUGHPUT_RATIO (= Allocated_Throughput /
Optimal_Throughput)to know how sub-optimal a TBF allocation is.
A T3 TBF reallocation will only be allowed if a significant
THROUGHPUT_RATIO gain is reached. The minimal gain is set by the
system parameter: MIN_THROUGHPUT_GAIN (= 40%).
T3 TBF reallocation cases
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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Initial situation: 3 MSs (MSa, MSb, and MSc), all GPRS and (4+1),
MSc is the most impacted by the multiplexing in terms of throughput.
In B8:
MSc is not candidate for T3 reallocation because its allocation is optimal (4 TS in DL),
In B9:
MSc is candidate for T3 reallocation,
A new TRX will be established (cf. Optimal policy) and MSc will then be reallocated on this new
TRX.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
D
L
U
L
MSaMSaMSaMSa MSbMSbMSbMSb
MScMScMScMSc
MSc MSbMSa
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
D
L
U
L
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
D
L
U
L
MSaMSaMSaMSa MSbMSbMSbMSb
MSbMSa
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
D
L
U
L
MScMScMScMSc
MSc
T3 TBF reallocation cases : example
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
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A T3 TBF reallocation can also be played for a radio defragmentation purpose:
TBF1
TBF2
Initial situation Final situation
T3 TBF reallocation cases
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
T4 TBF ll ti
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T4 TBF reallocation cases
T4 TBF reallocation:to avoid the UL GPRS - DL EGPRS TBF
multiplexing situations
triggering conditions
a GPRS MS becomes candidate for a T4 reallocation as soon as its ULGPRS TBF shares at least one PDCH with a DL EGPRS TBF
the MS remains candidate for a T4 reallocation, after an UL TBF release, ifa DL TBF is still ongoing => a DL TBF can be T4 reallocated even with noUL concurrent TBF
best candidate allocation computation
No need to have the same number of PDCHs than the current allocation
in UL direction, the candidate TS allocations cannot contain PDCHs inEGPRS state.
ASAP policy (favouring TRX with Nb_GCH_For_TBF_Estab alreadyestablished GCHs)
Agenda
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Agenda
Autonomous Packet Resource allocation
Computation of MAX_SPDCH_LIMIT
Selection of allocated PDCH
Impacts on CS Preemption algorithm
TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
Transmission resources usage
Best candidate allocation of radio TS
Modifications of TBF reallocations algorithms
Parameters & Quality of Service indicators
Modification of the TBF allocation/re-allocation strategy
R l t d P t
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Related Parameters
HMI name Definition Sub-system
Instance
OMC-Raccess
Type Defvalue
Range Unit
NEW :R_AVERAGE_GPRS
average bitrate per PDCH for non-Edge capableterminals in this cell
MFS cell Changeable
Throughput
12000 [0,20000]
Bit/s
NEW :
R_AVERAGE_EGPRS
average bitrate per PDCH for Edge capable terminalsin this cell
MFS cell Changeable
Throughput
30000 [0,59000]
Bit/s
NEW :T_MAX_FOR_TBF_SCHEDULING
maximum time between two scheduling of a given NRTTBF (either between two DL block requests for a NRT
DL TBF, or between two UL blocks received for a
given NRT UL TBF)
MFS MFS None(DLS)
Time 0.3 [0.12,0.3]
s
NEW :MIN_THROUGHPUT_G
AIN
minimum throughput gain required to be provided tothe MS when performing a T2 or T3 TBF reallocation
MFS MFS None(DLS)
Number
0.4 [0.1,5] None
NEW :N_MAX_PERIODIC_RE
ALLOC_T3
total number of (unsuccessful) T3 radio resourcereallocation attempts that are allowed to be performedupon expiry of the T_CANDIDATE_TBF_REALLOCtimer. As soon as a T3 radio resource reallocationattempt succeeds, no other attempt is performed (evenif less than N_MAX_PERIODIC_REALLOC_T3attempts have been performed so far). The UL-biasedMSs and the DL-biased MSs are considered
regardless of each other. As a result, in a given cell, upto 2 x N_MAX_PERIODIC_REALLOC_T3 T3 radioresource reallocation attempts will be performed uponexpiry of the T_CANDIDATE_TBF_REALLOC timer
MFS MFS None(DLS)
Number
20 [0,500] None
NEW :N_MAX_PERIODIC_RE
ALLOC_T4
defines the total number of T4 radio resourcereallocation attempts (successful or not) that areperformed upon expiry of theT_CANDIDATE_TBF_REALLOC timer
MFS MFS None(DLS)
Number
5 [0,500] None
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Related Parameters
Following B8 parameters are removed in B9 release:
N_TBF_PER_SPDCH
EN_RES_REALLOCATION
N_MAX_PERIODIC_REALLOC
B9 Channel allocation strategy for PS transfers
New BSC Counters
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Counternumber
Name Definition
MC480 NB_TCH_HO_REQ_30_ReturnCSZone
Number of TCH intracell HO cause 30 requests
MC481 NB_TCH_HO_ATPT_30_ReturnCSZone
Number of TCH intracell HO cause 30 attempts.
MC924a TIME_SPDCH_LIMIT_HIGH_LOAD Time during which the cell is in high load situation for PStraffic. This situation impacts the number of slave PDCHs that
can be allocated to the MFS.
New BSC Counters
B9 Channel allocation strategy for PS transfers
Removed MFS Counters
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Counter
number
Name Definition
P1 TIME_HIGH_LOAD_GPRS Time during which the cell is in a high load situation for PS traffic. Thissituation impacts the number of slave PDCHs that can be allocated to theMFS.
P414 CUMULATED_MAX_PDCH_DYN_SECONDS This counter integrates over time the value of MAX_SPDCH_DYN duringthe whole granularity period.
P415 MAX_MAX_PDCH_DYN This counter gives the maximum value of MAX_SPDCH_DYN during thewhole granularity period.
P416 MIN_OF_MAX_PDCH_DYN This counter indicates the minimum value of MAX_SPDCH_DYN that hasbeen observed over the whole granularity period.
P418 NB_SOFT_PREEMPTION Number of times the MFS receives a BSCGP LOAD INDICATION messagerequesting the MFS to de-allocate at least one slave PDCH that is currentlyallocated to the MFS.
P54 NB_PDCH_DYN_ALLOC_REQ Number of PDCH dynamic allocation requests.
P19 NB_PDCH_DYN_ALLOC_SUCC Number of PDCH dynamic allocation success.
P166 NB_DL_TBF_2_3_partial_succ Number of downlink TBF establishment requests requesting 2 or 3 slots,which are only partially satisfied by the initial allocation.
P167 NB_UL_TBF_2_3_partial_succ Number of uplink TBF establishment requests requesting 2 or 3 slots whichare only partially satisfied by the initial allocation.
P168 NB_DL_TBF_4_5_partial_succ Number of downlink TBF establishment requests requesting 4 or 5 slotswhich are only partially satisfied by the initial allocation.
P169 NB_UL_TBF_4_5_partial_succ Number of uplink TBF establishment requests requesting 4 or 5 slots whichare only partially satisfied by the initial allocation.
Removed MFS Counters
B9 Channel allocation strategy for PS transfers
New MFS Counters
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Counter
number
Name Definition
P414bis CUMULATED_TIME_ALLOCATED_SPDCH
This counter integrates over time the values of the allocatedSPDCH during the whole granularity period.
P415bis MAX_OF_ALLOCATED_SPDCH This counter gives the maximum value of allocated SPDCHduring the whole granularity period.
P416bis MIN_OF_ALLOCATED_SPDCH This counter gives the minimum value of allocated SPDCHduring the whole granularity period.
P451a CUMULATED_TIME_PDCH_UL_TBF_CELL Cumulated time during which an UL TBF uses one PDCH,for all PDCHs of the TBF, and for all TBFs of the cell (inGPRS or EGPRS mode).
P451b CUMULATED_TIME_PDCH_DL_TBF_CELL
Cumulated time during which an DL TBF uses one PDCH,for all PDCHs of the TBF, and for all TBFs of the cell (inGPRS or EGPRS mode).
P452 CUMULATED_TIME_PDCH_DL_TBF_GMM_SIG_CELL
Cumulated time during which a DL TBF established forGMM signalling purposes uses a PDCH (in GPRS orEGPRS mode), for all TBFs of the cell.
P38e CUMULATED_TIME_PDCH_USED_DL_CELL
Cumulated time during which a PDCH is used by at leastone DL TBF (in GPRS or EGPRS mode), cumulated over allthe PDCHs of the cell.
P38f CUMULATED_TIME_PDCH_USED_UL_CELL
Cumulated time during which a PDCH is used by at leastone UL TBF (in GPRS or EGPRS mode), cumulated over allthe PDCHs of the cell.
New MFS Counters
B9 Channel allocation strategy for PS transfers
RNO Indicators
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Ref. name Name Formula Unit
HCRCARRN HO_Cell_Return_CS_Zone_request MC480 number
HCRCARAN HO_Cell_Return_CS_Zone_allocated MC481 number
HCRCARFN HO_Cell_Return_CS_Zone_prep_fail MC480 - MC481 number
HCRCARFR HO_Cell_Return_CS_Zone_prep_fail_rate
(MC480-MC481) / MC480 %
HCRCARRR HO_Cell_Return_CS_Zone_rate HO_Cell_Return_Cs_Zone_allocated / CHO_all
%
QRPALCGT GPRS_BSC_high_load_time MC924a seconds
QRPALCGP GPRS_BSC_high_load_percent MC924a / GPRS_obs_period %
QRPALSAT GPRS_MAX_PDCH_Dyn_cumulated_over_time
P414bis seconds
QRPALSAN GPRS_MAX_PDCH_Dyn_avg P414bis / GPRS_obs_period %
QRPALSAR GPRS_MAX_PDCH_Dyn_reduction_rate ((P415bis *GPRS_obs_period ) -P414bis) / (P415bis *GPRS_obs_period)
%
QRPALSAM_MA
GPRS_MAX_PDCH_Dyn_max P415bis number
QRPALSAI_NA GPRS_MAX_PDCH_Dyn_min P416bis number
RNO Indicators
B9 Channel allocation strategy for PS transfers
RNO Indicators
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Ref. name Name Formula Unit
ARPDCTUBUT GPRS_PDCH_used_UL_TBF_overall_time P451a seconds
ARPDCTUBUR GPRS_UL_TBF_occupancy_on_used_PDCH P451a / GPRS_obs_period number
ARPDCUUBUT GPRS_PDCH_UL_traffic_time P38f seconds
TRPDCUUN GPRS_PDCH_active_UL_avg P38f / GPRS_obs_period number
ARPDCUUO GPRS_PDCH_UL_traffic_time_ratio P38f / P38b %
TRPDUPDA GPRS_UL_useful_throughput_radio_PDCH_avg
GPRS_UL_useful_throughput_bits_ack / GPRS_PDCH_UL_traffic_time*
1000
kbits/s
ARPDCTUPIN GPRS_UL_TBF_Pilled_avg P451a/P38f number
: MS1
: MS2
: MS3
: MS5
: MS4
After 10 seconds in the same configuration :
GPRS_PDCH_used_UL_TBF_overall_time =
4 * 20 s (MS1 -> MS4) + 10 s (MS5) = 90s.GPRS_UL_TBF_occupancy_on_used_PDCH = 90 /10 = 9
GPRS_PDCH_UL_traffic_time = 6 * 10 s = 60 s
GPRS_PDCH_active_UL_avg = 60 / 10 = 6
GPRS_UL_TBF_Pilled_avg = 90 / 60 = 1,5
Example of UL TBF configuration :
RNO Indicators
B9 Channel allocation strategy for PS transfers
RNO Indicators
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Ref. name Name Formula Unit
ARPDCTDBUT GPRS_PDCH_used_DL_TBF_overall_time P451b seconds
ARPDCTDBUR GPRS_DL_TBF_occupancy_on_used_PDCH P451b / GPRS_obs_period number
ARPDCUDBUT GPRS_PDCH_DL_traffic_time P38e seconds
TRPDCUDN GPRS_PDCH_active_DL_avg P38e / GPRS_obs_period number
ARPDCUDO GPRS_PDCH_DL_traffic_time_ratio P38e / P38b %
TRPDDPDA GPRS_DL_useful_throughput_radio_PDCH_avg
GPRS_DL_useful_throughput_bits_ack / GPRS_PDCH_DL_traffic_time*
1000
kbits/s
ARPDCTUPIN GPRS_UL_TBF_Pilled_avg P451b/P38e number
ARPDCTDSGT GPRS_PDCH_used_DL_TBF_GMM_signalling
_overall_time
P452 seconds
ARPDCTDSGO GPRS_PDCH_used_DL_TBF_GMM_signalling_time_ratio
P452/P451b %
RNO Indicators
B9 Channel allocation strategy for PS transfers
RNO Indicators
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Ref. name Name Formula Unit
TRXDTPRN GPRS_PDCH_soft_preemption_request P418 number
QRPALPRR GPRS_PDCH_soft_preempted_per_softpreemption P417/P418 %
TRPALRQN GPRS_PDCH_dynamic_allocation_request P54 number
QRPALSUN GPRS_PDCH_dynamic_allocation_success P19 number
TRPALSUR GPRS_PDCH_dynamic_allocation_success_rate P19/P54 %
QRPALUNN GPRS_PDCH_dynamic_allocation_unsuccess P54-P19 number
QRPALUNR GPRS_PDCH_dynamic_allocation_unsuccess_rate (P54-P19)/P54 %
QRDTEP3N GPRS_DL_TBF_2_OR_3_TS_partial_success P166 number
QRDTEP3R GPRS_DL_TBF_2_OR_3_TS_partial_success_rate P166 / (P166 + P162 ) %
QRUTEP3N GPRS_UL_TBF_2_OR_3_TS_partial_success P167 number
QRUTEP3R GPRS_UL_TBF_2_OR_3_TS_partial_success_rate P167 / (P167 + P163) %
QRDTEP5N GPRS_DL_TBF_4_OR_5_partial_success P168 number
QRDTEP5R GPRS_DL_TBF_4_OR_5_partial_success_rate P168 / (P168 + 164) %
QRUTEP5N GPRS_UL_TBF_4_OR_5_TS_partial_success P169 number
QRUTEP5R GPRS_UL_TBF_4_OR_5_partial_success_rate P169 / (P169 +165) %
RNO Indicators
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