Transcript
  • PH LC THI TUYN SINH C8

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    KHOA IN IN T CLB NGHIN CU KHOA HC

    Tp. H Ch Minh, ngy 24 thng 02 nm 2013

    PH LC THI TUYN SINH C8

    GII THIU LINH KIN TRONG BOARD

    MSP430G2553

    Bi ny gip bn la chn v nhn bit cc linh kin ph hp thit k mch main

    MSP430G2553 DEV.

    1. T in t ho: (electrolytic capacitor)

    L t phn cc do khi gn cn ch cc tnh: thng chn di hn l

    chn dng, ngoi ra trn v t bn m c du tr - . in dung v

    in p chu ng ca t c ghi trn v t. Hai gi tr ny cng ln th

    kch thc t cng ln.

    i vi mch MSP430G2553 DEV. th ta s s dng cc t ho c thng

    s nh sau:

    1000uF/25V, 100uF/16V, 22uF/16V(uF = F = microFara)

    V gi tr in p cho php (25V hay

    16V) ca cc t ny, cc bn c th chn

    mua t ln hn cng c (v d

    22uF/50V).

    Lu , t ho nu hn ngc cc hoc

    in p t trn n ln hn in p cho

    php, t s b n. Khi cp in vo

    mch, trnh khng nhn thng cc t ny

    t trn xung, nu c sai st khi lp t, t

    n s vng vo mt.

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    2. T gm (t ceramic):

    T c cc tr s nh, tr s ghi trn thn t tnh theo n v l picoFara (vit l pF, bng 10-12 F) .

    V d:

    o T c ghi 2 ch s, chng hn 22 (hoc 33) => 22pF

    (33pF)

    o T c ghi 3 ch s:

    T ghi 102 = 10 x 102 pF = 1nF

    T ghi 104 = 10 x 104 pF = 100nF = 0.1uF

    T ghi 683 = 68 x 103 pF = 68nF = 0.068uF

    i vi mch MSP430G2553 DEV. th ta s s dng cc t c thng s: 104 (0.1uF) v 102 (1nF)

    3. Cu Diode 1 A, dng trn:

    Cn xc nh c chn dng (+), chn pha i din s l chn m

    (-). 2 chn cn li l 2 chn cp

    ngun AC nn kh ng cn phn bit

    cc tnh. Thng thng, chn

    dng l chn di hn cc chn

    cn li, v trn mt v tng ng

    c du (+).

    4. LED:

    Led c chn dng l chn di hn. Thng

    thng, khi nhn vo trong LED, bn c bn

    cc (tm kim loi) nh hn l bn dng.

    LED c nhiu mu sc v ng knh khc

    nhau.Trong mch thit k ny th ta c th s

    dng led 5 ly hoc 3 ly (ng knh 5mm hay

    3mm).

    Trong hnh bn, 2 LED mu trng l Led 5 ly,

    cn li l Led 3 ly.

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    5. Terminal Block (thng gi l Domino):

    Dng bt dy in. Domino cng c nhiu hnh dng v kch thc khc nhau.

    Chng ta s dng loi domino dng cm (gm 2 ming c th tho ri, dng loi chn cong 90

    tin li cho vic kt ni ngun).

    Ngoi ra cn c dng Domino nh hnh bn phi.

    i vi mch MSP430G2553 DEV. th ta s s dng Domino bn tri, ly ngun 12VAC t

    bin p cp vo cho mch.

    6. Header 40 pins:

    Ngoi ch c th gi l hng

    ro 40 chn (!).

    C cc loi c/ci, n/i,

    chn thng/cong 90.

    Header female n v i Header male n v i

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    7. Transitor C1815:

    L loi transistor NPN thng dng.

    Th t chn t tri sang:

    + Chn 1: Emitter

    + Chn 2: Collector

    + Chn 3: Base

    Transitor A1015:

    L loi PNP.

    Th t chn ging nh C1815

    8. in tr:

    2 loi in tr 1/4W thng thy ch Nht To. Thng thng, loi mu vng c 4 vch mu,

    loi mu xanh c 5 vch mu.

    Cch c tr s tham kho ti:

    http://www.payitforward.edu.vn/wordpress/tutorials/for-beginner/2-dien-tro/

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    9. LED 7 on (7-segment LED):

    Led 7 on c th c th coi c to thnh t cc led n ghp li nhng Led n ny c

    dng thanh. c chia ra lm 2 loi anode (A) chung v cathode (K) chung. Mt cch n gin, ta

    hiu rng thc ra 7 thanh ny ging nh l 7 con led. A chung tc l anode ca 7 con led ny

    ni vi nhau, cn cc chn K th ring (v mnh mun iu khin LED no sng i iu khin

    chn K tng ng ca n).

    i vi loi K chung cng c th hiu tng t nh vy.

    i vi mch MSP430G2553 DEV th ta s s dng loi led 7 on anot chung:

    10. Cng tc 3 nc:

    Cng tc c 3 chn, 3 nc c trng cho 3 trng thi

    (ng (ni) chn gia vi bn tri/ng chn gia

    vi bn phi/ m hai bn).

    Cn phn bit vi cng tc cng c hnh dng ging

    vy, 3 chn nhng ch c 2 nc (2 trng thi, khng

    c trng thi h) (gt cn cng tc qua li kim

    tra c bao nhiu nc).

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    11. Nt nhn Button:

    L cng tc thng m (OFF), khi nhn s

    trng thi ng (ni) mch (ON).

    i vi mch ny, ta s dng nt nhn c 2 chn.

    Ngoi ra cn c loi nt nhn 4 chn, thng

    c ni sn bn trong thnh 2 cp chn.

    Cng tc DIP:

    Ta s dng cng tc DIP-2 (2 cng tc) c 4 chn

    cho mch MSP430G2553 DEV.

    Trong hnh bn l cng tc DIP-4 v DIP-2.

    Gt sang pha ON s ni cc chn tng ng li vi

    nhau.

    12. IC 20 chn, l trn:

    Ngi ta thng khng hn trc tip IC ln board m hn 1

    IC tng ng vi s chn ca IC ri gn IC ln ny

    cho tin vic thay i IC.

    Nn dng loi IC c l trn nh trong hnh (thay v loi

    l vung/kp), vic thay/tho IC s d dng hn.

    Cn ch trn IC (cng nh trn IC), mt bn s c 1

    l khuyt hnh bn nguyt, l ny s nh du v tr chn s

    1 ca IC (xem trn hnh). Chn 1 s ng vi pad c hnh

    vung (hnh ch nht) trong footprint.

    13. MSP430G2553:

    Vi iu khin MSP430G2553 c 20 chn dng DIP (cm

    xuyn l).

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    14. IC 7805 (to ngun 5V):

    Th t chn t tri sang (nhn vo mt

    c ch ca IC):

    + Chn 1: Input (cp ngun 7 VDC)

    + Chn 2: Ground (GND)

    + Chn 3: Output (5VDC)

    Nn gn km vi IC ny 1 tn nhit

    (do IC lm vic s nng ln).

    15. IC 1117 (to ngun 3.3V):

    IC ny l linh kin dn (SMD).

    Th t chn t tri sang (nhn vo

    mt c ch ca IC):

    + Chn 1: Ground

    + Chn 2: Output (3.3VDC)

    + Chn 3: Input

    Ch : Do lm mch 1 lp (lp

    BOTTOM), IC ny s hn mt

    di board nn khi layout cn phi lt (flip) li chuyn IC ny xung lp BOTTOM. (bm

    phm T trong OrCAD Layout).

    16. Bin tr:

    Ta s dng bin tr volume c gi tr

    10(k). Chn gia ca bin tr volume l

    chn chy.

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    Ngoi ra ta cng dng loi bin tr nh nh hnh bn (cn gi l

    bin tr cc o). S 102 ghi trn nm vn (mu trng) ngha l

    10x10^2 = 1 k. Trong mch MSP430G2553 DEV ta dng loi

    103 (10 k).

    Xem thm v bin tr ti:

    http://www.payitforward.edu.vn/wordpress/tutorials/for-

    beginner/3-bien-tro/

    17. Thch anh:

    Tn s dao ng ca thch anh c ghi trn b mt thch anh (32.768 (kHz), 4.000 (MHz),

    20.000 (MHz)).

    i vi mch MSP430G2553 DEV th ta s s dng thch anh c thng s: 32.768 kHz (hnh bn

    tri)

    18. LCD:

    Ging nh led 7 on, LCD l mt thit b ngoi vi dng giao tip vi ngi dng, so

    vi led 7 on th LCD c u im l hin th c tt c cc k t trong bng m ascci, trong khi

    led 7 on ch hin th c mt s k t, nhng LCD li c nhc im l gi thnh cao v

    khong cch nhn gn. LCD l t vit tt ca Liquid Crystal Display (mn hnh tinh th lng). C

    nhiu loi mn hnh LCD vi cc kch c khc nhau, v d nh LCD 16x1 (16 ct v 1

    hng), LCD 16x2 (16 ct v 2 hng), LCD 20x2 (20 ct v 2 hng)

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    Trong mch MSP430G2553 DEV ny, ta dng loi LCD 16x2 bn ph bin trn th

    trng nh sau:

    Th t cc chn ca LCD cho nh hnh di y.

    Thng thng, khng nn hn lun LCD vo mch.

    V tr ca LCD trn board nn thay bng mt hng ro

    ci (female). Cn vi LCD ny cc bn hn cho n

    hng ro c (male) quay ngc xung (tc l mi

    hn mt trn nh hnh bn cnh).

    Khi cn dng th gn LCD vo board, khng cn

    li tho ra gn vo mch khc ( ph).

    19. Buzzer:

    Buzzer l loi loa nh pht ra ting ku tt tt thng thy

    trong case my tnh, ng h,

    m thanh pht ra ca Buzzer c th iu khin c, lu

    buzzer l linh kin c cc tnh, phi gn ng chiu.

    BCN CU LC B