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Advanced Workshop on Standard of Lightning Protection Technology雷电防护技术标准高级讲习班日程表雷电防护技术标准高级讲习班日程表

Advanced Workshop on Standard of Lightning

Protection Technology雷电防护技术标准

高级讲习班Application of two port SPDs:How By Alain Rousseau

高级讲习班pp p

two ports SPD can solve coordination problem and provide enhance protection?

y

IEC SC37A WG3 Convener, CLC 37A

October 12, 2011Bon-Garden Business Hotel,

Shenzhen, China 时间 年 月

二端口SPD的应用:二端口SPD如何解决配合问题并增强保护效果?

Chairman, SEFTIM ChairmanIEC SC37A WG3召集人时间:2011年11月12日

地点:深圳博园商务酒店

Lightning Commission

解决配合问题并增强保护效果? 人,CLC 37A 主席,SEFTIM主席

Lightning CommissionChina Meteorological Society

中国气象学会雷电委员会

Advanced Workshop on Standard of Lightning Protection Technology雷电防护技术标准高级讲习班日程表

Application of two port SPDs:How two ports SPD can solve coordination problemports SPD can solve coordination problem

and provide enhance protection?

Al i RAlain Rousseau [email protected]

2/17

Introduction• SPDs have a UP defined at its terminals

– may differs from what appears at equipments terminalsmay differs from what appears at equipments terminals.

– this is explained in IEC 61643‐12 and 62305‐4.

• Parameters that have influence are :– lead length from active conductors to SPD, from SPD to g ,its disconnector (if any) and from disconnector to ground terminalg

– distance between the SPD and the equipment to be protectedprotected

– technology of the SPD (1 port : parallel SPD, 2 ports : parallel SPD + filtering)parallel SPD + filtering)

Withstand voltages

We can assume that Uw is the same between active cables and PE and active cables themselves because no other available data

Withstand voltages and immunity levels (EMC)

Withstand voltages and immunity levels

Comparison between IEC 62305‐4Comparison between IEC 62305‐4 and IEC 61643‐12  : Up/fp/

Annex D of IEC 62305-4

Comparison between IEC 62305‐4 and IEC 61643‐12 : Up/f

UP/f between the live conductorUP/f between the live conductor and the bonding bar is higher than the protection level Up of the SPD, because of the e S , because o einductive voltage drop ΔU at the bonding conductors

Namely, the partial lightning current flowing through the SPD induces additional voltage into the loop on the protected side of the circuit following the SPD. Therefore the maximum voltage endangering the connected equipment can be considerably higher then the protection level UP f th SPD

Annex D of IEC 62305-4

UP of the SPD.

Comparison between IEC 62305‐4 and IEC 61643‐12 : oscillations

Annex D of IEC 62305-4

Comparison between draft IEC 62305‐4 and IEC 61643‐12 : oscillations

V lt i d t th i t illVoltage experienced at the equipment will depend on the frequency of the surge and the length of the conductors. Depending on the value of r oscillations between L and Cthe value of r, oscillations between L and C can increase the voltage at the equipment terminals u’ up to ku.

Voltage at the terminals of equipment canVoltage at the terminals of equipment can reach double the voltage at the SPD terminals. In case of 2 ports SPD using a filter the steepness is reduced and thefilter, the steepness is reduced and the oscillation phenomenon can be reduced too

Annex K of IEC 61643-12

Oscillation phenomenon versus di t b t SPD d i tdistance between SPD and equipment

Computer simulation (thanks to ABB)

3 000K

4.000KSIMUL OSCILLATION PHENOMENUM.CIR

The red line is representing the

2.000K

3.000K

845.999n,2.244K

representing the voltage at the source terminals

0.000K

1.000K 80.000u,926.589 The green line is representing the

id l lt t0.000u 16.000u 32.000u 48.000u 64.000u 80.000u

-1.000K

B v(1) (V)(2) (V)

Left Right Delta Slope2.244K 926.589 -1.318K -16.649M1 500K 130 721 1 500K 18 954M

residual voltage at the capacitor terminals

T (Secs)

v(2) (V) v(1) (V)

845.999n 80.000u 79.154u 1.000

1.500K -130.721m -1.500K -18.954M2.244K 926.589 -1.318K -16.649M

terminals

Oscillation phenomenon versus di t b t SPD d i tdistance between SPD and equipment

Variarion of added voltage (1,5kV with rise time of 0,6µs) depending on distance measurement

0 180%90%

100%

y = 0,1x

30%40%50%60%70%

%

0%10%20%30%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Residual voltage can be gradually doubled from 0 to 10m if voltage steepness is not decreased by filter.

Oscillation phenomenon depending on the front time of the impulse voltage: Typical voltage rise for MOV SPDsimpulse voltage: Typical voltage rise for MOV SPDs 

residual voltage under 5 kA current

impulse (8/20)

Zoom of the front waveZoom of the front wave

∆U/∆t= 12 36 kV/µs∆U/∆t= 12,36 kV/µs

I 3 5 10 20 kA 8/20∆u/∆t 13,06 12,36 16,90 20,27 kV/µs

Oscillation phenomenon depending onOscillation phenomenon depending on the front time of the impulse voltage

1.600K

2.400KSIMUL OSCILLATION PHENOMENUM.CIR

10.339u,1.558K3.000K

4.000KSIMUL OSCILLATION PHENOMENUM.CIR

0.000K

0.800K

1.000K

2.000K1.213u,2.061K

0.000u 16.000u 32.000u 48.000u 64.000u 80.000u-1.600K

-0.800K

B (1) (V)Left Right Delta Slope

80.000u,-785.440

1 558K 785 440 2 344K 33 642M

0.000u 16.000u 32.000u 48.000u 64.000u 80.000u-1.000K

0.000K

Left Right Delta Slope

80.000u,-767.610

B v(1) (V)

T (Secs) v(2) (V)

1.558K -785.440 -2.344K -33.642M

10.339u 80.000u 69.661u 1.0001.500K 964.332m -1.499K -21.519M

B v(1) (V)

T (Secs) v(2) (V)

2.061K -767.610 -2.829K -35.903M

1.213u 80.000u 78.787u 1.0001.500K 143.540m -1.500K -19.036M

∆u/∆t=1 5kV/µs ∆u/∆t=0 15kV/µsIn case of slow rise time of the residual voltage (provided by a

2 port SPD for instance) even if the distance is as long as

∆u/∆t=1,5kV/µs ∆u/∆t 0,15kV/µs

2 port SPD for instance) even if the distance is as long as 50m, the voltage is far from to be doubled.

TWO PORTS SPDsTWO PORTS SPDs

Typical two port SPDs  : 

Left : PSEE Soulé (ABB)( )

Right :  AO – ADEE

TWO PORTS SPDsTWO PORTS SPDs

Left product : two groups of varistor based SPDsLeft product : two groups of varistor based SPDs decoupled by inductances

Ri h d f Di d MOV i l iRight product : front stage : Diode or MOV, isolating transformer, filter

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSInstallation rules for SPDs are generally considering a 10 mInstallation rules for SPDs are generally considering a 10 m distance between SPD and equipment to be protected as the limit above which the equipment is not properlythe limit above which the equipment is not properly selected.

Calculations have shown that 10 m can be reduced to onlyCalculations have shown that 10 m can be reduced to only a few meters depending on equipment type, SPD type and front of the wavefront of the wave.

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSOn the reverse the two ports SPD with their capability toOn the reverse, the two ports SPD, with their capability to reduce the steepness at the output of the SPD, are much more flexible regarding installations rules and in particularmore flexible regarding installations rules and in particular distance between SPD and equipment to be protected. 

At the origin IEC 61643 11 draft standard has consideredAt the origin IEC 61643‐11 draft standard has considered inclusion of a new parameter being the steepness of the wave at the output of the SPDwave at the output of the SPD.

This is now done in 61643‐11 Ed1. Let’s use it !

Th kThank you