Arousal and Sleep

Reticular formation

About sleep

• 1. All birds and mammals show characteristic sleep/wake cycles.

• 2. sleep is an active state(recorded by EEG)• 3. bottlenose dolphins

Sleep stages sleep is divided into two broad types:

•rapid eye movement (REM)

•non-rapid eye movement (NREM or non-REM) sleep.

Regulating by reticular activating system

Sleep process

REM sleep

NREM sleep

electroencephalography (EEG ) of sleep stages

Cerebrum

Brainstem

Regulating

StimulatingForSleep

StimulatingForArousal

Reticular Formation

1.Pon2.Medulla

Midbrain

Melatonin(hormone)produced bypineal gland

Reticular Formation

• 1.maintaining tone, balance, and posture • 2. integrating stimuli motor coordination• 3. gaze centers, central pattern generators• 4. the cardiac and vasomotor centers of the

medulla oblongata

movementFunction

• 5. pain modulation • 6. habituation• 7. sleep and arousal

Defining signals

reticular activating system

For example

• In our lives 1.Car accident 2.Boxing 3.Coffee 4.Learning

• Disorder 1.Schizophrenia 2.Rapid eye

movement behavior disorder

• reference

Thanks for your attention