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    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    INTRODUCTION

    2 ASTRIX RADIO PLANNING PRODUCT FEATURES2.1 Introduction

    2.2 Seamless map handling 2.3 Antenna modelling 2.4 Propagation loss predictions

    2.5 Automatic propagation model tuning tool2.6 Efficient processing

    2.6.1 Multithreading Support 2.6.2 Multiple resolution coverage files 2.6.3 Official coverage files 2.6.4 Raster export of calculated layers

    2.7 Flags and filters 2.8 Combined coverage 2.9 Neighbours relations management 2.10 Automatic neighbourhood planning tool

    2.11 Interference analysis2.11.1 Cell/Channel selection

    2.11.2 Hopping/Non-hopping 2.12 Interference matrix calculation 2.13 Model tuning tool 2.14 Statistics module 2.15 Traffic analysis 2.16 Dual-band functionality

    3 ASTRIX 3G PLANNER (UMTS)3.1 Introduction

    3.2 UMTS calculations

    3.3 UMTS planning tools

    4 ASTRIX 4G PLANNER (LTE)4.1 Introduction

    4.2 LTE calculations 4.3 LTE Planning tools

    5 ASTRIX FREQUENCY PLANNER (AFP)

    6 RADIO LINK TOOL6.1 Functional overview

    7 ASTRIX PUBLISHER

    8 DOCUMENTATION

    9 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONFIGURATION CONTROL

    10 COMPANY INFORMATION

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    INTRODUCTIONASTRIX Radio Planning system is essential for efficient planning, maintenance and optimisation ofcellular radio networks. ASTRIX has been developed by Teleplan Globe, who is an independentsupplier of software solutions.

    The main modules of the ASTRIX software are as follows:

    ASTRIX Basic 2G Planner. Main module for the ASTRIX solutions package for network planning. The main user interface is the geographical map of the planning area with the network

    elements presented. ASTRIX Professional 2G Planner (GSM). This is the module where 1G and 2G radio planning operations and calculations are performed. The Professional version includes support for using a database and possibility to use ASTRIX Publisher with 3rd party integrations. ASTRIX 3G Planner (UMTS): This UMTS module allows for planning of 3G networks, and

    simultaneous views of e.g. GSM networks and UMTS networks. This allows the user to plan mixed mode networks, to have data consistency across the networks, to plan with site re-use and to optimise network performance. ASTRIX 4G Planner (LTE). This LTE module allows for planning of 4G networks and simultaneous views of e.g. GSM, UMTS and LTE networks.

    ASTRIX Frequency Planner (AFP). This Automatic Frequency Planning module allows foradvanced automated frequency planning processes. The tool is based on the Telenor R&D developed optimisation algorithm for Automatic Frequency Assignments. ASTRIX Radio Link Tool (RLT). This module is used for planning microwave networks. The user interface is the same as for the ASTRIX Radio Coverage, but the functionality is tailored to radio

    link planning requirements of mobile communication operators.

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    2 ASTRIX RADIO PLANNING PRODUCTFEATURES

    2.1 INTRODUCTIONASTRIX has all the functionality of an advanced radioplanning tool. GSM functionality is an integrated part of

    the ASTRIX 2G module and allows simultaneous view ofe.g. GSM900/1800 networks and UMTS networks. Thisallows the user to plan mixed-mode networks, to havedata consistency across the networks and to plan withsite re-use.

    Figure 1 ASTRIX main window

    2.2 SEAMLESS MAP HANDLINGASTRIX uses an integrated GIS (GeographicalInformation System) as the basis for map handling.The GIS system provides advanced map features for

    best possible views and management of maps. The GISsystem supports dynamic map resolution and variousmap formats.The solution is designed to avoid the large growth ofcoverage file sizes when working with high-resolutionmap data (less than 1m).

    Figure 2 Examples of ASTRIX map layers

    The following map layers are supported: Raster/grid ground heights Raster/grid clutter Vector/linear features

    Ortho photo Raster/grid building heights Demographic data

    2.3 ANTENNA MODELLINGThe effect of the physical environment on the antennaradiation patterns is a neglected part of many radioplanning tools.ASTRIX takes into account a number of antenna issues: ASTRIX handles mechanical tilt and/or electrical tilt correctly in side and back lobes. Mast concept, with the possibility to have antennas

    at a position other than the site position Measured side lobes and back lobes Effects of wall mounting on the back-lobe True over-the-roof propagation angles in urban areas

    ASTRIX provides full flexibility for creating, editing and modelling of antennaelements and combined antenna structures.

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    2.4 PROPAGATION LOSS PREDICTIONS

    The default propagation model in ASTRIX is based onindustry standards: Okumura-Hata, COST231-Hata,COST231-Walfisch, Walfisch-Bertoni, Blomqvist-Ladelland a general model. Added to these models are

    a number of correction factors which have beendeveloped to improve accuracy in hilly terrain. There areseveral diffraction methods, effective antenna heightand LOS correction methods optimised for handlingmountainous and water/sea areas.

    2.5 AUTOMATIC PROPAGATION MODEL TUNING TOOL

    ASTRIX includes a sophisticated propagation model tuningtool. The tool can be used to analyse the agreement betweenpredicted and measured signal levels. The tool also includes

    algorithms and features for automatic tuning of propagationmodel coefficients.

    To exclude spurious data, measurements can be filtered basedon signal level, distance, angle, samples, and morphology type.The profile with morphology information from transmitter toeach measurement point is found directly. The histogram of theerror, the mean error, the median error, the RMS and the 10 %and 90 % values are presented for all loaded measurements orfor the current measurement.For the automatic tuning, the user can select which modelcoefficients to tune and set limits or constraints to resultingallowable model coefficient values. The optimisation algorithmwill then calculate new estimates of the selected coefficientswithin the defined constraints.

    Special care has been made to make the algorithm

    robust in handling uncertainties and inconsistenciesin measurements, and problems caused by mutualdependencies between model coefficients and byinsufficient measurement data. In the latter case,the algorithm will make a minimum modification toexisting model coefficients.Correction layer: ASTRIX offers a unique and advancedalgorithm that combines calculated coveragepredictions with drive test measurements to calculatesignificantly improved measurement based predictions.Using drive test measurements to produce a correctionlayer on top of normal coverage predictions the

    accuracy is improved to a standard deviation of 5 to 6dB - close to the theoretical limit. The Teleplan uniquealgorithm fills gaps between measurement tracks inan intuitively correct way.

    Meassurement Tunning Tool

    Initialprediction

    Correctedprediction

    Difference layershowing initial

    prediction anddrive measurements

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    2.6 EFFICIENT PROCESSINGASTRIX employs several strategies to achieve efficientprocessing, as described below.To exclude spurious data, measurements can befiltered based on signal level, distance, angle, samples,and morphology type. The profile with morphology

    information from transmitter to each measurementpoint is found directly. The histogram of the error,the mean error, the median error, the RMS and the10 % and 90 % values are presented for all loadedmeasurements or for the current measurement.For the automatic tuning, the user can select whichmodel coefficients to tune and set limits or constraintsto resulting allowable model coefficient values.The optimisation algorithm will then calculate newestimates of the selected coefficients within the definedconstraints.

    2.6.1 Multithreading Support

    ASTRIX coverage calculation engine, RADIX, supportsmultithreading, multi-platform (Unix/Linux/Windows)and double parallel processing functionality. The parallelprocessing calculation engine is utilising multithreadingwhen calculating.

    2.6.2 Multiple resolution coverage filesMultiple resolution coverage files resolve size problemsrelated to high resolution maps. High resolution mapstypically introduce demanding work environment interms of processing time, memory and disk storagespace. The ASTRIX multi-resolution concept permits

    calculations over large areas by reducing the resolutionwhen moving away from the site.

    2.6.3 Official coverage filesThe concept of official coverage files makes it easy to: Get an updated coverage map at any moment for any given state and project, without recalculating coverage files. Have just one coverage file to be used by all planners simultaneously. This keeps the overall disk space requirements at a reasonable level, and reduces the need to recalculate large coverage files

    when modifications are done to the plan.

    2.7 RASTER EXPORT OF CALCULATED LAYERSCalculated coverage can be exported to the GSMAssociation/Coversoft coverage file format.Other calculated layers, i.e. cell coverage, Best Server,C/I and several UMTS layers, can be exported to thefollowing formats: Google Earth ESRI ASCII-GRID format MapInfo TAB/TIFF format

    2.7 FLAGS AND FILTERSFlag groups can be defined as global (available to allusers), for a project, or private (for one user only) in afull flexible and dynamic way. Groups of flags can bedefined and flags can be assigned to cells. The flagscan be used as a filter when making queries to the

    database, when viewing cells in the map or whenselecting cells for use in calculations.

    2.8 COMBINED COVERAGE

    The combined coverage results are automatically storedin files. This permits the user to access the results atlater times for further analysis, post-processing andexporting, without having to perform new calculations.Different combined coverage calculations with differentnetwork parameters can be stored under differentnames. Previous calculations can thus be retrievedwithout losing the current result. It is possible tocompare different named calculations and showdifferences in coverage graphically on top of the map.

    2.9 NEIGHBOUR RELATIONS MANAGEMENTNeighbour data can be imported from the operationsand maintenance centre (OMC) via the import tool.A relation editor is available to add, delete and editneighbour relations graphically in the map.

    2.10 AUTOMATIC NEIGHBOUR PLANNING TOOLASTRIX offers an advanced Automatic NeighbourPlanner tool. By searching coverage data, measurementand network statistics, the tool can plan and suggestneighbours based on parameters as: Co Site, Distance,Border Counter, Geometrical (Delaunay Triangulation)and overlap areas.

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    2.11 INTERFERENCE ANALYSISThe interference analysis module is used to calculate

    the interference raster based on the frequency plan andthe predicted coverage. Several options are available.Different calculation results can be stored underdifferent names. Previous calculations can be retrievedwithout losing the current result. It is also possible tocompare different named calculations.

    2.12 INTERFERENCE MATRIX CALCULATIONThe interference matrix module calculates the pair-wisefrequency re-use restrictions between cells in a cellularnetwork. The results can be exported and used as inputto automatic frequency planning algorithms.

    The interference relations and separation relations canalso be created and edited with the graphical relationeditor, also used for the neighbour editing.Various options exist for the calculation: Up-/Down-link. It is possible to base the calculation on up-link, down-link or worst-case interference probability. Asymmetric/Symmetric. The interference between cells A and B can be recorded asymmetrically for A to B and B to A or symmetrically (worst case of the two). Traffic-/Area weighting. The interference probability of a cell can be weighted with traffic raster, or assume uniform traffic across the coverage area. Thresholds. It is possible to set thresholds for acceptable co-channel and adjacent channel interference. Unit selection and partial calculation. Various options exist for selecting cells to be part of the calculation

    and for partial calculation of the interference matrix.

    2.13 MODEL TUNING TOOLThe model tuning tool is used to analyse drive tests andCW measurements. The tool can present network

    measurements as coloured tracks in the map, as 2Dgraphs or as numeric displays.

    The module can establish automatic or manual links between measured BCCH/BSIC pairs and planned cell identities (CI), if such data are present in the plan.

    2.14 STATISTICS MODULEASTRIX generates area and demographic statistics forcoverage, interference, GPRS and UMTS (per services,carriers, etc.).

    Filters for different thresholds, morphology typesand inside of polygons can be specified. Aggregatedstatistics as well as per cell, per morphology type or perpolygon statistics can be calculated.The statistics may be exported directly to MicrosoftExcel or ASCII text files.

    2.15 TRAFFIC ANALYSISThe traffic analysis module permits the calculation oftraffic density maps based on Measured or estimated traffic in the network Best server plot Morphology map (Clutter) DemographicsLive traffic per cell can be imported from the operationsand maintenance centre, scaled with the expectedtraffic growth, and used to predict the number oftransmitters on each cell in the future network.

    2.16 DUAL-BAND FUNCTIONALITYASTRIX currently supports dual-band functionality whichincludes: Working with multiple systems in one plan Prediction of different systems in one plan Combined coverage and dominance plots based on

    dual-band functioning

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    3 ASTRIX 3G PLANNER (UMTS)

    3.1 INTRODUCTIONThe UMTS network planning functionality in ASTRIXis based on a combination of analytical calculationsand simulations using a number of different network

    parameters. Calculation- and simulation results can bepresented in a number of plots and statistical reports.The UMTS module allows simultaneous view of e.g.GSM networks, together with the UMTS network. Thisallows the user to plan mixed mode networks, to havedata consistency over the network, and to plan withsite re-use.

    3.2 UMTS CALCULATIONS

    Pilot interference calculations Pilot reception calculations CPICH RSCP

    Multiple combined coverage calculations, 10 levels Ec/Io calculations relative to load Pilot pollution detection and out of cell ratio

    calculations Capacity and coverage vs. population statistics tools

    3.3 UMTS PLANNING TOOLS

    Automatic scrambling code planning Scrambling code conflict detection HSDPA support Drive test analysis tools

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    4 ASTRIX 4G PLANNER (LTE)

    4.1 INTRODUCTION

    The LTE planning functionality in ASTRIX is developedin close cooperation with ASTRIX customers, researchinstitutes and system vendors. The LTE module allowssimultaneous view of 2G, 3G and 4G networks. Thisallows the user to plan mixed mode networks, to havedata consistency throughout its networks, and to planwith site re-use of existing infrastructure.

    4.2 LTE CALCULATIONS RSRP

    RSSI RSRQ LTE Inter Cell Counter Out of Cell Ratio Calculations C/(I+N) calculations Terminal Noise figure Offered bit rate per RB

    4.3 LTE PLANNING TOOLS

    Automatic PCI planning Automatic assignment of RSI PCI and RSI conflict detection Capacity and Coverage vs population maps Throughput based on various network configurations Capacity vs population density Drive test analysis tool

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    5 ASTRIX FREQUENCY PLANNER (AFP)

    ASTRIX Frequency PlannerASTRIX Frequency Planner is based on an optimizationalgorithm developed at Telenor Research Lab thatsupports the Frequency Assignments work processes.

    After Teleplan Globe acquired the algorithm fromTelenor, it was integrated in the ASTRIX Radio PlanningSystem as an automatic frequency planning module.Functionality highlights Full user flexibility in defining constraints and weighting of : C/I, C/A, Traffic and Neighbour

    Statistics. Handling and management of several frequency plans simultaneously. Supports non hopping, baseband hopping and synthesized hopping BSIC and HSN planning. Full user flexibility for adjusting Co and Adjacent penalties for traffic and handover statistics. Supports full network retune and partial planning of new cells and TRXs. Visually view proposed changes to analyze, accept or retune. Adjust, tune and manage matrixes by exchange with third party systems

    Why ASTRIX Frequency Planner Proven AFP solutions chosen by Telenor Operators around the world for over 10 years 20 years experience in delivering Radio Planning and

    GIS software to the Telecommunication industry.

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    6 RADIO LINK TOOL

    6.1 FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEWThe ASTRIX Radio link tool is used for planningmicrowave networks. The user interface and databasesupport are the same as in the main module, but the

    functionality is tailored to the radio link planning needsof mobile communication operators.

    The functionality of the radio link tool includes: Creation of radio links Site sharing

    - The sites created in any part of the ASTRIX systemcan be shares with the other modules. This facilitates

    the planning tasks and data consistency checks. Map analysis

    - Terrain profile, between terrain points, between cells, from one cell to any point in the terrain

    stepwise or continuously. - Terrain height tracking, morphology tracking, peak height search - Line-of-sight (LOS) analysis Calculation of the LOS is made from each transmitter to a receiver with given height in a selected area. - Demographic analysis Link profile analysisThe link profile is presented graphically with Fresnelzone, earth curvature, and morphology heights. Linkfading and performance data are calculated on thebasis of relevant ITU recommendations.

    Performance predictions - Link budget - Diversity Space and frequency diversity improvement is

    calculated, based on ITU-R P 530-11 - Parameters based on performance objectives in G.821 and G.826. Support for both calculation and management of objectives - Fading and fading probabilities based on ITU-R P 530-11 and ITU-R P 530-8

    Interference Co- and adjacent channel interference. Precipitation Calculation of unavailability due to rain in 0.001% of the time. Support for frequency and channel plans Creation of channel plans based on ITU recommendations. Fill in channels based on channel arrangements (for example co-channel re-use). Unavailability due to poor link connection. Support for hop chains Create hop chains by selecting more hops. Some calculations can be carried out for the chain, as for

    example total length and total unavailability due to rain.

    Reflection protection

    Calculation of optimum space between space diversity antennas, calculation of wavelength difference based on ITU-R P 530-11. Detection of sea path reflections. Site candidate search From an arbitrary point or site in the map, find other sites which can be candidates for a hop to that point or site. The selection may be based on criteria, as for

    example line of sight. The result is a list of candidate

    hops with distance, direction and other data. Each item in the list can be opened into the hop profile window.

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    7 ASTRIX PUBLISHER

    ASTRIX publisher is a service oriented applicationdesigned to enable third party tools and systemsto integrate and exchange coverage files and cell /site data with the radio planning system. The ASTRIX

    Publisher can offer tools for integration, collaborationand automation of coverage maps and cell and sitedata exchange. It can publish coverage maps in openand standard formats and it can integrate for cell andsite data exchange with other systems. It will typicallybe used for integrations and data exchange with i.ehelp desk applications, web applications, marketingtools, billing systems, and OSS solutions. Integrationsare done through described web services. This can beperformed real time for applications that need updatedcoverage maps in i.e. Network Management Centres oras scheduled tasks for nightly updates for i.e. customer

    care systems.

    ASTRIX Publisher can exchange Cell / Site data andCoverage Maps for: Automation Collaboration Integrations Publishing

    Additionally the ASTRIX Publisher can automatecoverage calculations with an internal propagationcalculation engine. This is to enable automated updatesto be produced, managed and published to third party

    systems. This is for i.e updating coverage maps afterchanges are performed in the network, on a real timebasis without involving manual coverage updates by.

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    8 DOCUMENTATION

    The software is delivered with a complete set of UserManual, System Manual, Installation Guide, and ReleaseNotes. All documentation can be delivered in bothelectronic and printed form.

    9 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONFIGURATIONCONTROLTeleplan Globe is certified according to ISO 9001. TheASTRIX software is developed according to TeleplanGlobes Quality Assurance Procedures.10 MARIA GIS SYSTEMASTRIX radio planning tool is using the Teleplan Globedeveloped Maria GIS. Through the Maria GIS systemASTRIX offers advanced GIS functionality integratedin the product. It supports i.e. WMS map services, 3Dvisualisation and several open standards for digital map

    exchange.

    11 COMPANY INFORMATIONTeleplan AS was established in 1959 and is a leadingindependent consultancy and systems engineeringhouse. Teleplan Globe is part of the Teleplan family ofcompanies.Teleplan has provided a wide range of services toprivate organisations, public civilian authorities, and tomilitary authorities in NATO member countries. Teleplanhas considerable experience in design and developmentof systems for radio planning, communications,

    information management, command and control,and electronic warfare. Teleplan has a long historyof providing consultancy services within the fields oftelecommunication.

    Contact details are as follows:

    Teleplan Globe ASP.O. Box 69Fornebuveien 31NO-1324 LysakerNorway

    Tel: (+47) 67 12 70 00Fax: (+47) 67 12 72 70

    Web: http://www.teleplanglobe.noEmail: [email protected]

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    NOTES

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    Teleplan Globe ASFornebuveien 31P.O.Boks 69NO 1324 L k

    T:+4767127000F:+4767127270E: [email protected]