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I HC THI NGUYN I HC KTCN

VN QUN

BI TP

NHIT NG LC HC

Thi nguyn, 7-2013

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Chng 1. MT S KHI NIM C BN V TRNG THI CA MI CHT LM VIC (WORKING FLUIDS)

I. Cc dng bi tp mu c li gii Bi 1. Xc nh th tch ring v khi lng ring ca kh N2 iu kin tiu chun vt l v iu kin p sut d pd = 0,2bar vi nhit t = 127oC. Bit p sut kh quyn 750mmHg. Hng dn gii

- iu kin tiu chun vt l: po = 760 mmHg; t0 = 0oC iu kin tiu chun vt l th tch ring vo v khi lng ring o ca N2 c

xc nh t phng trnh trng thi:

- iu kin pd = 0,2bar nhit t = 127oC th tch ring v v khi lng ring

ca N2 cng c xc nh tng t:

Bi 2. Mt bnh c th tch 0,5m3 cha khng kh p sut d 2 bar, nhit 20oC. Lng khng kh cn thot ra khi bnh l bao nhiu p sut trong bnh c chn khng 420mmHg trong iu kin nhit trong bnh coi nh khng i. Bit p sut kh quyn 768mmHg. Hng dn gii

- Lng khng kh thot ra khi bnh G: G = G1 - G2 - y: G1, G2 l lng khng kh c trong bnh lc u v sau khi ly khng kh ra

khi bnh, c xc nh t phng trnh trng thi Bi 3. Mt bnh th tch 200lt cha 0,2 kg kh N2 p sut kh quyn l 1 bar. Xc nh ch s p k gn trn np bnh nu: a. Nhit trong bnh l 7o C? b. Nhit trong bnh l 127oC? Hng dn gii

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Bi 4. Cho h thng nh hnh bn di:

Manomet ch 80 kPa, xc nh chnh lch chiu cao h khi lu cht trong ng hnh ch U?. Hng dn gii

Bi 5.

o p sut trong ng dn kh bng chnh lch chiu cao ct cht lng:

Lu cht trong ng l Hg c Hg =13600 kg/m3, u ng tip xc vi kh quyn c p sut pkq=760mmHg.

Hy xc nh: p sut trong ng? Hng dn gii p sut trong ng: p=pkq+pd =760+15=775mmHg

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Bi 6. o p sut trong ng dn kh bng chnh lch chiu cao ct nc: Hng dn gii

Bi 7. Cho h thng thy lc cn bng nh hnh v xc nh ng knh D2 :

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Bi 8. Cho h thng bm nh hnh v:

B qua chnh lch chiu cao, nhit gia u vo v ra ca nc. Xc nh hiu

sut truyn ng trn trc ?. Hng dn gii:

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Bi 9. Kh N2 ban u trng thi 600kPa, 300K, th tch 0,8 m3. Kh c nn ng nhit n th tch 0,1 m3. Xc nh cng trao i trong qu trnh?. Hng dn gii

Bi 10. Phng cha 60 kg khng kh trng thi 120 kPa, 25oC. Bc x mt tri i vo trung bnh 0,8kJ/s , qut c cng sut 120 W c m lu thng khng kh. Xc nh nhit phng sau 30 pht ?. Hng dn gii

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Bi 11. Xc nh bin thin ni nng ca 0,7 kg kh CO2 khi nhit thay i t 300 K n 800 K. Hng dn gii

II. Bi tp sinh vin t lm:

Bi 1. Xc nh khi lng ring v th tch ring ca khng kh iu kin nhit t = 27oC, p sut p =1 bar. Bi 2. Kh CO2 c bm vo bnh cha vi th tch V =3m3 bng my nn. Ch s p k gn vi np bnh cha trc v sau khi nn l 0, 3at v 3at nhit tng t 45oC n 70oC. Xc nh lng CO2 c bm vo bnh bit p sut kh quyn bng 700mmHg. Bi 3. Mt bnh kn th tch l 100 lt cha 2kg O2 nhit 47oC. Bit p sut kh quyn po=1bar. Xc nh ch s ng h p k gn trn np bnh. Bi 4. Mt hn hp kh gm H2 v O2. Thnh phn khi lng H2 l 10%. Xc nh hng s cht kh ca hn hp, th tch ring ca hn hp iu kin tiu chun. Bi 5.Mt kg khng kh gm O2 v N2 c thnh phn th tch rO2=21%, rN2=79%. Xc nh phn t lng ca hn hp, hng s cht kh ca hn hp v phn p sut ca O2 v N2 trong hn hp khi p sut ca hn hp l 10 bar. Bi 6. Mt qu cu cha 0,288 (kg) kh hydr (H2) p sut pd = 1,5 bar v nhit 27C. Nu p sut kh quyn l 750 mmHg th ng knh ca qu cu l bao nhiu?. Bi 7. Mt bnh Gas c th tch 0,866 m3 cha kh mtan (CH4) p sut 18 bar v nhit 27C. Nu mi ngy s dng ht 0,5 (kg) un nu th bnh Gas s dng c bao lu?. Bi 8. Mt bnh hnh tr c ng knh 1000m cha 5 (kg) kh oxy (O2) p sut pd = 2,5 bar v nhit 65C. Nu p sut kh quyn l 750 mmHg th chiu cao ca bnh cha kh oxy l bao nhiu?. Bi 9. Mt bnh c th tch 2 m3 cha kh Nit (N2) nhit 27C v c p sut bng p sut kh quyn (750 mmHg). Sau khi s dng ht 1kg trong khi nhit bnh khng thay i th chn khng trong bnh bng bao nhiu?. Bi 10. Mt bnh cha 4 (kg) kh Oxy (O2) , sau khi s dng ht 900 (g) th nhit trong bnh l 25C cn p sut trong bnh l pd = 0,5 bar. Th tch ca bnh cha l bao nhiu?. Bit p sut ca kh quyn l 750 mmHg. Bi 11. Mt bnh cha kh CO2 c th tch l 1,06 m3 p sut 2,5 bar v nhit 27C. Sau khi c np thm 1,7 kg kh CO2 th p sut trong bnh l 3,5 bar. Nhit ca bnh kh CO2 sau khi np thm c gi tr bng bao nhiu?.

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Chng 2. NNG LNG TON PHN CA H NHIT NG LC Bi 1. Gi chuyn ng vi vn tc n nh 8,5(m/s) Hy xc nh nng lng gi ng vi: a. Mi n v khi lng, kg b. Khi lng 10 kg c. Lu lng G =1154 (kg/s) Hng dn gii

Bi 2. Hy xc nh cng sut truyn trn trc khi moment xon yu cu T=200 N.m, quay vi vn tc n=4000 vng/pht. Hng dn gii

Bi 3. Xe hi c khi lng 1200 kg chuyn ng u vi vn tc =90km/h trn mt ngang. Xe bt u leo dc c nghing 30oso mt ngang, gi s xe vn gi vn tc n nh nh ban u. Hy xc nh cng sut ng c trong qu trnh leo dc?. Hng dn gii Trong qu trnh leo dc gi nguyn vn tc nn ng nng gi khng i, trong trng hp ny ng c cung cp nng lng tng th nng ( b qua cng ma st), cng sut ng c l nng lng cungcp trong mt n v thi gian.

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Bi 4. Xe hi c khi lng 900 kg chuyn ng trn mt ng nm ngang. Xc nh cng sut ng c xe t trng thi tnh tng tc t vn tc 80km/h trong 20 giy. Hng dn gii Trng hp ny cng cung cp lm thay i ng nng ( b qua cng ma st), cng sut ng c l nng lng cung cp trong mt n v thi gian.

Bi 5. Mt bnh kn cha lu cht nng ang ta nhit, trong qu trnh ny bnh nhn mt cng truyn t trc cnh khuy. Vo lc ban u ni nng ca lu cht trong bnh U1 = 800kJ, nhit lng ta ra mi trng qua thnh bnh l 500 kJ, cng nhn t trc cnh khuy l 100 kJ. Xc nh ni nng ca lu cht trng thi sau, b qua bin i nng lng ca cnh khuy v trc nm trong h thng. Hng dn gii Bin i ng nng v th nng ca h thng bng 0, bin thin nng lng ca h thng l bin i v ni nng.

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Bi 6. Qut c cng sut 20W dng lu ng khng kh trong phng. S dng qut ny p ng yu cu lu lng khng kh qua qut G=0,75(kg/s) vn tc u ra = 8(m/s) c khng?.

Hng dn gii

Motor bin i nng lng in u vo mt phn lm quay trc lm tng ng nng dng khng kh, mt phn thnh nhit ta ra mi trng do ma st. Trong trng hp l tng b qua ma st, do ton b nng lng in dng lm tng ng nng dng kh, b ng nng khng kh u vo.

Vn tc l tng ch t 7,3(m/s) nn yu cu trn khng c p ng. Bi 7. Trong mt phng ban u c nhit bng nhit bn ngoi tout=30oC. Ngi ta s dng qut ln c cng sut 200W lu ng gi trong phng, do qut hot ng lm pht sinh chnh lch nhit gia trong phng v bn ngoi nn c nhit lng trao i, nhit lng trao i xc nh theo biu thc:

Trong A= 30m2 din tch cc vch ca phng tout nhit ngoi phng, oC tin nhit trong phng, oC Kf = 6(W/m2K)- h s truyn nhit qua vch. Hy xc nh nhit khng kh trong phng khi h thng lm vic iu kin n nh. Hng dn gii

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Bi 8. Hp truyn ng iu kin lm vic n nh c trao i nng lng nh hnh bn di: Cng sut nhn trc truyn ng u vo 60 kW, trong qu trnh hot ng do c chnh lch nhit gia b mt hp truyn ng v khng kh mi trng nn c trao i nhit i lu:

Hy xc nh cng sut trn trc u ra. Hng dn gii

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Bi 9. Chip in t c din tch 5mm x 5mm, chiu dy 1mm gn trn tm ceramic, iu kin lm vic n nh, cng sut in u vo l 0,225 W. B qua nhit lng dn gia chip v ceramic, mt trn c lm mt bng khng kh c nhit 20oC, h s ta nhit i lu 150(W/m2K). Xc nh nhit mt trn ca chip. Hng dn gii

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Chng 3. CHT THUN KHIT I. Cc dng bi tp mu c li gii

Bi 1. Kho st hn hp kh l tng gm 2 kh CO2 v N2 c khi lng l Ghh=1,5kg c cha trong mt h xylanh pittng. trng thi ban u khi kh c th tch l V1=0,5m3; nhit t1=27 oC. Sau ngi ta nn hn hp kh ny n trng thi 2 c V2=0,311m3; nhit t2=57oC. Bit thnh phn khi lng ca kh CO2 trong hn hp l 40%. Hy xc nh: a. S m a bin ca qu trnh? b. Cng v nhit lng ca qu trnh? Nhn xt? c. Kim tra li nh lut I. Hng dn gii Cvhh=0,71422 kJ/kgK; Cphh = 0,97058 kJ/kgK; k=1,359; = 32,766 kg/kmol; n=1,2; W= -57 kJ; Q= -25,55 kJ; U = 32,14 kJ. Bi 2. Kho st mt hn hp kh l tng c cc thnh phn theo khi lng nh sau: gCO2=12,3%; gO2=7,2%; gN2=80,5%. Ban u hn hp c th tch V1=970(lt) , nhit t1=300oC, p sut p1=8bar. Sau khi gin n hn hp c p sut p2=1,5bar , nhit t2=120oC 1. Xc nh khi lng ca tng kh trong hn hp. 2. Xc nh cng thay i th tch ca qu trnh. Hng dn gii 1. Xc nh khi lng ca tng kh trong hn hp.

2. Xc nh cng thay i th tch ca qu trnh.

Bi 3. Kho st mt khi kh CO2 c khi lng l G=3kg cha trong mt h xylanh pittng. trng thi ban u khi kh c p1=2bar, t==27oC. Sau ngi nn khi kh ny n trng thi 2 c p2=3,5bar v t2=57oC. Hy xc nh: a. S m a bin ca qu trnh. b. Cng v nhit lng trao i ca qu trnh. Nhn xt? Hng dn gii

U = 60 kJ; W = -85 kJ; n = 1,2; V1 = 0,85 m3; p2 = 3,543 bar; V2 = 0,52778 m3; Q2 = 16,73 kJ Bi 4. Kho st 1,2 kg khng kh ban u c p sut p1 = 7,2 bar, nhit t1=80oC c gin n a bin n trng thi 2 c p sut p2 = 1,1 bar, th tch V2=0,95m3 . Hy xc nh: 1. S m a bin ca qu trnh ang kho st. 2. Tnh cng thay i th tch v nhit lng trao i ca qu trnh. Hng dn gii

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Bi 5. Kho st 0,6 kg hn hp 2 kh l tng N2 v CO2 cha trong mt h thng pittng xylanh. trng thi ban u hn hp c p1 = 2 bar; V1 = 0,3 m3. Sau ngi ta nn on nhit hn hp ny n trng thi 2 c p2 = 5 bar; V2 = 0,15364 m3. Hy xc nh: a. S m on nhit ca qu trnh. b. Cng trao i ca qu trnh. Nhn xt?. c. Khi lng ca tng kh cha trong hn hp?. d. Nhit ca hn hp trng thi 1 v 2?. Hng dn gii

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Bi 6. Kho st mt khi khng kh lc ban u c V1 = 120 lt, t1 = 35oC v p1 = 2 bar. Sau khi tin hnh mt qu trnh, ngi ta thy nhit ca khng kh l t2 = 70oC. Xc nh cng v nhit lng trao i gia khi khng kh ang kho st v mi trng bn ngoi, ng thi v ng biu din cc qu trnh ang kho st trn cng th p v tng ng vi cc trng hp sau: 1. Qu trnh kho st l ng p. 2. Qu trnh kho st l ng tch. 3. Qu trnh kho st l on nhit. 4. Qu trnh kho st l a bin vi n = 1,25. Hng dn gii

Bi 7. Kho st hn hp 2 kh l tng CO2 v N2 cha trong mt h xylanh pittng. Thnh phn khi lng ca kh CO2 cha trong hn hp l gCO2=0,4. trng thi ban u hn hp c p1=2bar; t1=35oC v V1=0,4m3. Sau hn hp ny c nn on nhit n trng thi 2 c t2=50oC. Hy xc nh a. p sut v th tch ca hn hp trng thi 2. b. Tnh cng trao i ca qu trnh. Nhn xt?

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Hng dn gii

Bi 8. Kh CO2 cha trong bnh kn ban u c p sut p1 = 5,2 bar, nhit t1=30oC. Sau khi np thm CO2 th p sut p2 = 16 bar, nhit t2=60oC. Hy xc nh khi lng kh CO2 np vo bnh. Bit th tch bnh V = 120 lt. Hng dn gii

Bi 9. Khng kh cha trong h thng cylinder-piston ban u c th tch V1 = 50 lt , p sut p1 = 45 bar, nhit t1=1600oC. Sau khi gin n theo qu trnh a bin, trng thi sau c th tch V2 =300 lt , nhit t2=600oC. Hy xc nh: 1. S m a bin ca qu trnh ang kho st. 2. Cng sinh ra ca qu trnh W [kJ]. 3. Nhit lng trao i ca qu trnh Q [kJ]. Hng dn gii

Bi 10. Kho st mt h xylanh pittng bn trong c cha 1,8 kg kh CO2. trng thi ban u khi kh c t1 =21oC; V1 = 0,5 m3. Sau ngi ta nn khi kh ny n trng thi 2 c p2 =3 bar; t2 = 42oC. Hy xc nh: 1. S m a bin ca qu trnh. 2. Cng v nhit lng trao i ca qu trnh. Nhn xt.

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3. Khi lng CO2 cn ly i khi kh quay tr li trng thi ban u. Hng dn gii

1. S m a bin ca qu trnh: n=1,205 2. Cng v nhit lng trao i ca qu trnh. Nhn xt.

Nhn xt: nhn cng v nh nhit lng

3. Khi lng CO2 cn ly i khi kh quay tr li trng thi ban u. G=0,51444(kg)

Bi 11. Mt bnh kn cha 50 kg nc bo ha 90oC.

Hy xc nh p sut v th tch ca bnh cha?. Hng dn gii

Bi 12. Piston-cylinder cha 2 ft3 hi nc bo ha p sut 50 spia

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Hy xc nh nhit v khi lng ca hi trong cylinder?. Hng dn gii

Bi 13. Nc bo ha c khi lng 200 g bay hi hon ton p sut khng i 100 kPa.

Hy xc nh: a. Th tch thay i. b. Nhit lng truyn cho nc. Hng dn gii

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Bi 14. Mt bnh kn cha 10 kg nc 90oC. 8 kg nc trng thi lng v 2 kg cn li trng thi hi

Hy xc nh a. p sut trong bnh. b. Th tch ca bnh cha. Hng dn gii

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Bi 15. Mt bnh kn c th tch 80 lt cha 4 kg R-134a p sut 160 kPa

Hy xc nh a. Nhit b. kh c. Enthalpy d. Th tch ca pha hi Hng dn gii

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II. Cc bi tp sinh vin t lm

Bi 1. Nc dng bng c phi cht thun khit khng?. Ti sao? Bi 2. Phn bit s khc nhau gia lng bo ha v lng cha si? Bi 3. Phn bit gia hi bo ha v hi qu nhit?. Bi 4. Ti sao nhit v p sut li ph thuc vo nhau trong vng bo ha?. Bi 5. Phn bit s khc nhau gia im ti hn v im ba th?. Bi 6. Xc nh ni nng ca nc p sut 6 bar v 200oC ?. Bi 7. Xc nh nhit ca nc trng thi 0,5 Mpa v i=2890 kJ/ kg ?. Bi 8. Xc nh ni nng ca nc cha si 80oC v 5 Mpa. Hy xc nh theo: a. S liu bng lng cha si v hi qu nhit. b. S liu bng hi bo ha Bi 9. Xc nh cc thng s cn thiu trong bng sau:

Bi 10. Hon thnh bng sau cho hi nc H2O

Bi 11. Hon thnh bng sau cho R134a.

Bi 12. Mt thng cha hi nc c th tch 1,8m3, nhit 220oC. Mt phn 3 th tch pha lng, cn li l pha hi. Xc nh p sut ca hi?. Khi lng ca hi v khi lng ring ?.

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Bi 13. Mt xylanh-piston cha 0,85(kg) mi cht lnh R134a nhit -10oC. Piston dch chuyn t do v c khi lng 12kg v ng knh 25cm. p sut kh quyn bng 88kPa. Nhit c cp cho R134a n khi nhit bng 15oC. Xc nh p sut cui, bin thin th tch v bin thin entanpi ca R134a?. Bi 14. Mt xylanh-piston cha 50L nc nhit 40oC v p sut 200kPa. Nhit c truyn ti nc p sut khng i cho n khi ton b cht lng ha thnh hi. Xc nh khi lng ca nc, nhit trng thi cui, xc nh tng bin thin entanpi?. Tr li: 49,61kg; 120,21oC; 125,943kJ. Bi 15. Mt thng cha ban u c th tch 0,3m3 cha hi bo ha m c nhit 150oC. Nc c gia nhit n khi t n trng thi ti hn. Xc nh khi lng v th tch ca nc trng thi u?. Tr li: 96,1; 0,105m3. Bi 16. Mt bnh kn c th tch c t trn bp in. Ban u bnh cha hn hp nc hai pha c p sut p1=1 (bar), kh x= 50%. Sau khi c gia nhit p sut trong bnh tng ln p2=1,5(bar). Hy th hin qu trnh trn th T-v v xc nh a. Nhit trng thi u v sau, oC b. Khi lng ca hi mi trng thi, kg c. Nu c gia nhit tip tc th p sut l bao nhiu nu n t n trng thi bo ha. Bi 17. Mt h thng piston-cylinder hng ln cha 0,05 kg NH3 . Trng thi ban u l hi bo ha v c t trn bp in. Di tc ng ca trng lng piston v p sut mi trng, p sut ca NH3 l 1,5 bar. Qu trnh gia nhit din ra t t vi p sut khng thay i v kt thc khi nhit t gi tr 25oC Hy th hin qu trnh trn th T-v, p-v v xc nh: a. Th tch ca NH3 mi trng thi, m3 b. Cng thc hin trong qu trnh, kJ. Bi 18. Mt bnh kn c cch nhit tt c th tch V=0,25m3 cha hi nc bo ha 100oC. Hi nc c khuy nhanh bng cnh khuy trn trc cho n khi t p sut 1,5 bar Xc nh: a. Nhit trng thi sau b. Cng thc hin trn trc Bi 19. Hi nc cha trong h thng pisron-cylider chu tc ng ca hai qu trnh ni tip nhau t trng thi ban u c p sut 10 bar v nhit 400oC. Qu trnh 1: hi nc c lm lnh theo qu trnh ng p n trng thi hi bo ha; Qu trnh 2: hi nc tip tc c lm lnh theo qu trnh th tch khng i n nhit 150oC a. Th hin c hai qu trnh trn th T-v v p-v b. Cng trao i trong mi qu trnh, kJ /kg c. Nhit lng trao i trong mi qu trnh, kJ/kg

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Bi 20. Kh cha trong h thng piston-cylinder gin n theo qu trnh a bin pvn=const. Trng thi ban u kh c p sut p1=3 (bar), th tch V1=0,1(m3) . Sau qu trnh gin n th tch khi kh l V2=0,2(m3). Hy xc nh cng trao i trong qu trnh ng vi a. n=1,5 b. n=1 c. n=0 Bi 21. Cho 4 kg kh cha trong h thng piston-cylinder, qu trnh din ra theo quan h pV1,5=const. Trng thi ban u kh c p sut p1=3(bar), th tch V1=0,1(m3). Sau qu trnh gin n th tch khi kh l V2=0,2(m3). Bin thin ni nng ca h thng l u2-u1=-4,6(kJ/kg) H thng khng c s thay i v ng nng v th nng. Hy xc nh nhit lng trao i trong qu trnh?. Bi 22. Khng kh cha trong piston-cylinder t thng ng c gia nhit bng nhit tr. Piston c khi lng 45 kg, tit din 0,09 m2, p sut mi trng tc ng ln piston l 1 bar. Th tch khng kh tng thm 0,045 m3trong khi p sut c duy tr khng i. Khi lng khng kh trong h thng l 0,27 kg, ni nng tng thm 42 kJ/ kg. Khng kh v piston ng yn trng thi u v kt thc, vt liu lm piston-cylinder l ceramic v c cch nhit tt, b qua ma st khi piston chuyn ng, gia tc trng trng 9,81 m/s2. Xc nh nhit lng truyn t in tr theo hai h thng:

a. H ch gm khng kh b. H gm c khng kh v piston.

Bi 23. H thng piston-cylinder cha kh ban u c th tch V1=0,05(m3) p sut p1=200kPa, trng thi ny mt l xo c cng k=150kN/m c t vo nhng cha c tc ng lc. Ngi ta gia nhit cho khi kh, khi kh gin n nn l xo cho n khi khi kh gin n n th tch gp i ban u. Bit tit din piston 0,25m2. Hy xc nh: a. dch chuyn ca piston b. p sut kh trong h thng trng thi cui c. Tng cng tc ng ln khi kh d. Phn cng tc ng chng li lc l xo. Bi 24. 1kg nc p sut 1 bar, nhit 20oC c t nng n 200oC trong iu kin p sut khng i. Xc nh nhit lng q1 t nng nc ban u n nhit si, nhit lng q2 bin nc si thnh hi bo ho kh, nhit lng q3 bin hi bo ho kh thnh hi qu nhit v nhit lng q bin nc ban u thnh hi trng thi cui. Bi 25. Xylanh c ng knh d = 400 mm cha khng kh c th tch 0,08 m3, p sut 3,06 at, nhit 15oC. Nu khng kh nhn nhit trong iu kin pistng cha kp dch

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chuyn v nhit khng kh tng ti 398oC. Xc nh lc tc dng ln mt pistng, khi lng khng kh c trong xylanh, nhit lng cung cp, lng bin i entanpi. Bi 26. t nng 1 kg khng kh trong iu kin p sut khng i p = 2 bar t nhit 20oC n 110oC. Tnh th tch cui, nhit lng, cng thay i th tch, lng thay i ni nng v entrpi. Bi 27. Khng kh c th tch 2,48 m3, nhit 15oC, p sut 1 bar, khi b nn on nhit khng kh nhn cng thay i th tch 471kJ. Xc nh nhit cui, s thay i ni nng v entanpi. Bi 28. 2 kg kh O2 thc hin qu trnh a bin vi ch s m a bin n = 1,2 t nhit t1 = 27oC n t2 = 537oC. Xc nh bin i entrpi, lng nhit ca qu trnh, bin i ni nng, cng thay i th tch v cng k thut ca qu trnh. Bi 29. Xc nh s m a bin khi qu trnh a bin thay i t p sut 0,001at, nhit 73o C n p sut 1000 at, nhit 172oC. Bi 30. Hi nc bo ho m p sut p = 2 bar, kh x = 0,9. Hy xc nh cc gi tr th tch ring vx, entanpi ix, entrpi sx, ni nng ux. bng bng s v s dng th i-s ca hi nc. Bi 31. Mt bnh th tch V=0,035m3 cha 5kg hi nc bo ho m. Nhit trong bnh 310oC. Xc nh kh ca hi nc trong bnh. Bi 32. Bao hi ca hi l hi c th tch V = 9 m3. Mt phn ba th tch cha y hi bo ho kh, phn cn li cha nc si. p sut trong bao hi p = 100 bar. Xc nh lng nc si, lng hi bo ho v kh. Bi 33. Lng hi nc bo ho m G =1,4 kg/s p sut p =100 bar, kh x = 0,96 chuyn ng trong ng vi tc l 40 m/s. Xc nh ng knh trong ca ng. Bi 34. Mt lng hi nc bo ho m t tuabin i vo bnh ngng G=200kg/s kh x = 0,872. Xc nh lu lng th tch ca hi bo ho m vo bnh ngng, nu bit p k ca bnh ngng ch 720 tor v p sut kh quyn chn 1bar. Bi 35. Bao hi ca l hi c th tch V=12m3 cha lng nc si v hi c khi lng G=1800 kg p sut p =110 bar. Xc nh lng nc si v lng hi bo ho kh trong bao hi. Bi 36. Mt bnh c th tch V = 0,5m3 cha y hi bo ho kh p sut p=1,5bar. Khi ra ngoi tri bnh ngui i v c nhit t2=30oC. Xc nh lng nhit to ra v trng thi cui ca hi trong bnh. Bi 37. Mt lng hi nc bo ho m G = 25 kg/s p sut p = 0,05 bar v kh x1 = 0,83 t tuabin i vo bnh ngng. Hi trong bnh ngng t trong iu kin p sut khng i to thnh cht lng. Hy xc nh lng nc lm mt cn thit cho bnh ngng, nu bit nhit nc lm mt vo t1 = 22oC, nhit ra t2 = 27oC. Bi 38. C hai bnh gia nhit A v B. Bnh A c t nng bng hi trch t tuabin c p sut pA = 6 bar v nhit tA = 260oC. Bnh B c t nng bng hi trch t tuabin c p sut pB = 1,2 bar, nhit tB = 140oC v hi nc ngng t bnh A chuyn sang. Hy xc nh lng hi GA v GB vo hai bnh A v B nu bit lng nc cn c t nng qua A v B l Gn = 8 kg/s v c t nng t t1 = 60oC

26

n t2 = 110oC. Nhit nc c t nng gia bnh A v bnh B l t = 96,8oC hiu sut ca bnh gia nhit A = B = 98%. Bi 39. 100kg/h hi nc trng thi u p1 = 8 bar, t1 = 240oC gin n on nhit n p sut p2 = 2 bar. Xc nh kh ca hi sau khi gin n v cng k thut ca qu trnh. Bi 40. Kh CO2 c bm vo bnh cha c th tch V = 3m3 bng my nn. Ch s p k gn trn np bnh cha ch p sut d trc khi nn 0,3at v sau khi nn 3at, nhit kh CO2 trong bnh tng t t1 = 45oC n t2 = 70oC. Xc nh lng kh CO2 bm vo bnh cha nu p sut kh quyn l 700mmHg? Bi 41. Nn on nhit 1kg khng kh t p sut p1 = 1at n p sut p2=8at. Hy xc nh cc thng s trng thi ca khng kh sau khi nn v cng k thut ca qu trnh, nu bit nhit khng kh trc khi nn t1=15oC? Bi 42. Lng hi nc 100kg/s p sut u p1= 20bar, nhit u t1 = 400oC gin n on nhit trong tuabin n kh x2 = 0,95. Xc nh p sut cui, th tch cui v cng k thut (cng ca tuabin). Bi 43. C hai bnh A v B c ni vi nhau bng mt van. Trong bnh A cha kh O2 khi lng GO2=7,98(kg) p sut pO2 =5(at), nhit tO2 =200oC. Trong bnh B cha kh N2 c khi lng GN2=26,1(kg) p sut pN2 =10(at), nhit tN2 =150oC. Hy xc nh nhit , p sut ca hn hp khi m van ni hai bnh. Bi 44. Dng khng kh th nht c lu lng G1 = 100kg/s, nhit 150oC hn hp vi dng khng kh th hai c lu lng G2 = 144000kg/h, nhit 200oC. Xc nh nhit ca hn hp. Bi 45. Mt dng khng kh c khi lng G2 = 10kg nhit t2 = 127oC c np vo bnh c th tch V = 10m3 cha sn mt khng kh nhit t1 = 27oC, p sut p = 1 bar. Hy xc nh nhit ca hn hp v p sut ca hn hp?. Bi 46. Kh O2 p sut p1 = 60 at, nhit t1 = 100oC chuyn ng qua ng tng tc nh dn vo mi trng c p sut p2 = 36at. Xc nh tc ca dng kh O2 ti tit din ra ca ng v lu lng nu tit din ra f2 = 20mm2. Bi 47. Khng kh t b cha c p sut p1 = 100bar, nhit t1 = 15oC chy ra ngoi tri qua ng c ng knh trong bng 10mm. Xc nh tc v lu lng ca khng kh nu bit p sut ca kh quyn bng 1bar. Bi 48. Hi nc qu nhit p sut v nhit ban u p1 = 30bar; t1=450oC, gin n on nhit trong ng tng tc nh dn vo mi trng trong hai trng hp c p sut. Xc nh tc ca hi ti ca ra ca ng v lu lng hi trong hai trng hp nu bit tit din ti ca ra ca ng f2 = 30cm2: a) p2 = 18bar; b)p2 =10bar. Bi 49. Khng kh c p sut p1= 10at, nhit t1= 300oC phun vo mi trng c p2= 1bar qua ng tng tc Laval. Bit lu lng ca khng kh G= 4kg/s. Xc nh tc lu ng v kch thc c bn ca ng. Bi 50. Hi nc qu nhit p sut v nhit ban u p1 = 30 bar; t1 = 450oC, lu ng on nhit qua ng tng tc hn hp vo mi trng c p sut p2 = 10bar. Xc nh tc ti ca ra ca ng v lu lng nu bit ng knh ti ca ra ca ng d2= 40mm, xc nh tc thc nu bit hiu sut ca ng tng tc t = 0,81. Bi 51. Kh hai nguyn t c hng s cht kh R = 294,3J/kg K p sut p1= 63,7 bar, nhit

27

T1 = 300oK lu ng qua ng tng tc nh dn phun vo mi trng c p sut p2 = 35,4 bar. Xc nh tc ti ca ra ca ng, lu lng ca dng kh nu ng knh ca tit din ra d2 = 5 mm v t s p sut ti hn c = 0,528? Bi 52. Hi nc qu nhit p sut p1 = 10 bar, nhit t1 = 300oC lu ng qua ng tng

tc nh dn vo mi trng qua 2 trng hp: a, C p sut p2 = 7 bar. b, C p sut p2 = 4 bar. Xc nh tc ca dng hi ti ca ra ca ng tng tc trong 2 trng hp trn, bit t s p sut ti hn c = 0,55?. Bi 53. Khng kh lu ng qua ng tng tc hn hp c p sut p1 = 8 at, nhit t1 = 127oC vo mi trng c p sut p2 = 1 at. Xc nh tc ti ca ra ca ng v ng knh tit din ra nu bit lu lng ca khng kh l 2 kg/s? Bi 54.Dng my ht m sy (qu trnh sy du) cho cng sut ca my nn N = 0,5kW, h s lm lnh ca my =5. Nhit ca khng kh bo ha khi qua dn sy t1 = 25oC, sau t nng trong dn ngng khng kh c nhit t2 = 75oC. Lng nc bc hi ra khi vt sy Gn = 2,5kg/h. Xc nh nng sut lnh Qo ca my lnh, lng nhit t nng khng kh trong dn ngng Q, nhit t3 v m tng i 3 ca khng kh sau kh sy, lng khng kh cn G, lng nc ngng t dn bc hi Gnn trong 1h. Bi 55. Cn iu ho nhit cho mt phng lm vic c th tch V = 150m3, nhit trong phng cn gi nhit tT = 26oC, m trong phng T = 0,7, trong khi nhit ngoi tri tN = 32oC, m N = 0,8. Trong phng c 15 ngi lm vic bn giy c trang b 10 bng n ng 40W. Bit nhit qua kt cu bao che phng Qt= 400 kcal/h, nhit bc x qua ca s Q4 = 300 kcal/h. Xc nh lng gi L, lng gi ti tun hon LT v nng sut lnh Q0 ca my. Bi 56. Mt my nn hot ng trng thi n nh vi khng kh i vo my nn c p sut p1=1 (Bar), t1 =20oC v ra khi my nn p sut p2=5(bar). Xc nh cng v lng nhit truyn cho mi trng trn mt n v khi lng i qua my nn nu qu trnh tin hnh theo qu trnh a bin c n=1,3. B qua bin thin ng nng v th nng gia u vo v u ra ca my nn v khng kh c coi l kh l tng. Bi 57. Cho mt xylanh- piston cha 25g hi nc bo ha c duy tr p sut khng i 600kPa. Mt in tr c dng gia nhit cho hi nc trong xylanh c dng in 0,2A v trong thi gian 5 pht in p 120V. Cng vi khong thi gian nh trn th hi nc tn tht nhit ra ngoi mi trng bng 3,7(kJ).

28

a. Hy ch ra rng h thng trn l h thng kn v quan h gia cng thay i th tch

vi bin thin ni nng ng bng bin thin entanpi theo nh lut nhit ng 1 trong qu trnh ng p.

b. Xc nh nhit cui ca hi. Bi 58. Mt thng cha mi cht c chia thnh hai phn bng nhau. Thi im ban u, mt phn ca thng cha 5(kg) nc p sut 120kPa, nhit 40oC. Pha cn li c tho ht ra ngoi v vch ngn gia hai phn ca thng cha sau c d b, nc gin n hon v chim ton b thng cha. Sau nc trao i nhit vi mi trng bn ngoi cho n khi nhit bng nhit ti trng thi u 40oC. Xc nh th tch ca bnh cha?. p sut cui ca qu trnh?. Lng nhit trao i trong qu trnh?.

29

Bi 59. Cho mt bnh cha c th tch V=0,4(m3) cha y 2 (kg) nc p sut 600kPa. Xc nh khi lng, th tch ca nc pha lng v khi lng, th tch pha hi? Bi 60. Khi nn ng nhit 4 kg cht kh c hng s kh R = 189 J/kg.K t p sut 2 at n 5,4 at, cn thi mt lng nhit 378 kJ (coi l kh l tng). Xc nh nhit ca qu trnh, th tch cui cng ca cht kh ?.

30

Chng 4. NH LUT NHIT NG 2 I. Cc dng bi tp mu c li gii

Bi 1.

Bi 2.

31

Bi 3.

Bi 4.

32

Bi 5.

33

Bi 6.

Bi 7.

Bi 8.

34

II. Phn bi tp sinh vin t lm

Bi 1. Mt nh sng ch ci to mt chu trnh ng c nhit c kh nng sinh cng ti u ra l 410kJ v nng lng cp vo cho ng c l 1000kJ. H thng hot ng theo chu trnh v nhn nhit t ngun nng c nhit 500K v thi nhit cho mi trng khng kh c nhit 300K. Hi rng ci tin trn c kh thi hay khng?.

Bi 2. Mt chu trnh bm nhit c dng duy tr nhit trong ngi nh 20oC. trng thi n nh, bm nhit nhn nng lng t nc c nhit 10oC v thi nhit vo trong ngi nh vi nng sut 120000kJ/h. Trong khong 14 ngy ng h bo ch s in s dng cho bm nhit l 1490 kW.h. Xc nh:

a. Lng nhit bm nhit nhn c t nc trong khong thi gian 14 ngy. b. H s lm nng ca bm nhit. c. H s lm nng ca bm nhit khi n hot ng gia nhit ngun nng v nhit

ngun lnh ln lt l 20oC v 10oC.

35

Bi 4.

Bi 5.

Bi 6.

Bi 7.

Bi 8.

Bi 9.

Bi 10.

36

Bi 11.

Bi 12.

Bi 13.

Bi 14.

Bi 15.

Bi 16.

37

Bi 17.

Bi 18.

Bi 19.

Bi 20.

Bi 21.

Bi 22.

38

Bi 23.

Bi 24.

Bi 25.

39

Bi 26.

Bi 27.

Bi 28.

40

Chng 5. CHU TRNH NHIT NG CA MT S THIT B NHIT

I. Cc dng bi tp mu c li gii Bi 1. Chu trnh thit b ng lc hi nc lm vic vi cc thng so nh sau: p sut hi nc sau khi ra khi l hi l 80bar, p sut v kh ca hi nc sau khi ra khi tuabin ln lt l 0,05bar v 0,8. B qua cng bm, hy xc nh: 1. Entanpi ti cc trng thi 1, 2, 3 v nhit hi trc khi vo tuabin, hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh. 2. Lu lng nc gii nhit cho bnh ngng, bit chnh lch nhit nc vo v ra l 6oC. Cho bit cng sut ca tuabin l 40MW. 3. Biu din chu trnh trn th T s.

Li gii 1. Entanpi ti cc trng thi 1, 2, 3 v nhit hi trc khi vo tuabin, hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh.

41

2. Lu lng nc gii nhit cho bnh ngng, bit chnh lch nhit nc vo v ra l 6oC. Cho bit cng sut ca tuabin l 40MW.

Bi 2. Kho st chu trnh thit b ng lc hi nc nh hnh v. Bit: Nhit v p sut ca hi trc khi vo tuabin l t=500oC v p=120bar, p sut ca hi sau khi ra khi tuabin l p=0,045bar. Lu lng hi tun hon l G=100tn/gi. a. Hy nu chc nng ca tng thit b trong chu trnh v nguyn l hot ng ca chu trnh ? b. Gii thch ti sao trng thi ra khi bnh ngng l trng thi lng si? c. Tnh hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh (b qua cng bm) . d. Tnh lu lng nc gii nhit cho bnh ngng nu bit chnh lch nhit nc vo v ra bnh ngng l 6oC.

Li gii Cch lm tng t nh bi 1 v ta c p s ln lt nh sau: i1 = 3347 kJ/kg; s1 = 6,487 kJ/kgK; x2 = 0,7564; i2 = 1963,5 kJ/kg; i3 = 130 kJ/kg, = 43%; Q2 = 50,93 MW; Gn = 2030,7 kg/s. Bi 3.

43

Bi 4.

44

Bi 5.

45

Bi 6.

47

Bi 7.

49

Bi 8.

51

Bi 9.

52

Bi 10.

55

Bi 11.

56

Bi 12.

59

Bi 13.

61

Bi 14.

63

Bi 15.

67

Bi 16.

70

II. Cc bi tp sinh vin t lm Bi 1. Chu trnh thit b ng lc hi nc lm vic vi cc thng s nh sau: p1=100bar; p2=0,05bar; x2=0,8. Nng sut l hi l G=150tn/h. B qua cng bm, hy xc nh: a. Nhit ca hi trc khi vo tua bin? b. Hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh? c. Lu lng nc gii nhit cho bnh ngng. Bit chnh nhit nc vo v ra bnh ngng l 5oC v hiu sut ca bnh ngng l 85%. d. Biu din chu trnh trn 3 th P-v, T-s v i-s. Bi 2. Cho chu trnh Rankine l tng c hi vo tuabin l hi bo ha p sut 8,0MPa v lng bo ha thot khi bnh ngng c p sut 0,008Mpa. Cng sut ca chu trnh l 100MW. Xc nh hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh?. Xc nh cng ca bm cp?. Xc nh lu lng hi?. Xc nh lng nhit cp cho l hi?. Xc nh lng nhit ngng bnh ngng?. Xc nh lu lng nc lm mt?. Bit nc lm mt i vo bnh ngng c nhit 15oC v i ra c nhit 35oC.

71

Bi 3. Cho chu trnh Rankine nh bi 1 nhng trong qu trnh bm qua bm cp v gin n trong tuabin ca hiu sut on nhit bng 85%. Xc nh hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh?. Xc nh cng ca bm cp?. Xc nh lu lng hi?. Xc nh lng nhit cp cho l hi?. Xc nh lng nhit ngng bnh ngng?. Xc nh lu lng nc lm mt?. Bit nc lm mt i vo bnh ngng c nhit 15oC v i ra c nhit 35oC.

Bi 4. Cho chu trnh Rankine l tng c hi vo tuabin l hi qu nhit v c qu nhit trung gian. p sut vo phn th nht ca tuabin 8,0MPa, nhit 480oC v gin n n p sut 0,7MPa. Sau c gia nhit n nhit 440oC trc khi i vo phn th hai ca tuabin sau gin n n p sut bnh ngng 0,008MPa. Cng sut ca chu trnh l 100MW. Xc nh hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh?. Xc nh lu lng hi?. Xc nh lng nhit cp cho l hi?. Xc nh lng nhit ngng bnh ngng?. Nhn xt nh hng ca qu nhit trung gian n chu trnh?.

72

Bi 5. Cho chu trnh Rankine l tng c gia nhit hi nhit nc cp kiu hn hp. Hi vo tuabin c p sut 8,0MPa, nhit 480oC v gin n n p sut 0,7MPa. Ti y, hi c trch v gia nhit cho b gia nhit hi nhit nc cp kiu hn hp p sut 0,7 MPa. Hi nc cn li gin n qua phn tuabin th hai n p sut bnh ngng ca 0,008 MPa. Lng bo ha ra khi b gia nhit nc cp p sut 0,7 MPa. Qu trnh bm qua bm cp v gin n trong tuabin ca hiu sut on nhit bng 85%. Cng sut ca chu trnh l 100MW. Xc nh hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh?. Xc nh lu lng hi i qua tua bin?.

73

Bi 6. Xt mt chu trnh Rankine c gia nhit hi nhit nc cp bao gm b gia nhit hi nhit kiu hn hp v b gia nhit hi nhit kiu b mt. Hi vo tuabin c p sut 8,0MPa, nhit 480oC gin n n p sut 0,7MPa. Sau , hi c a qua b qu nhit trung gian gia nhit ti nhit 440oC trc khi vo phn tuabin th hai. Ti y, hi nc tip tc c gin n n p sut bnh ngng 0,008 MPa. Hi nc c trch t phn tuabin th nht c p sut 2 MPa v gia nhit cho b gia nhit kiu b mt. Nc cp ra khi b gia nhit kiu b mt c nhit bng 205oC v p sut 8,0 MPa v hi nc sau khi gia nhit ngng t thnh dng lng bo ho p sut 2 MPa. Nc ngng c a hi tr li b ra nhit kiu hn hp bi van mt chiu. Hi nc trch t phn tuabin th hai p sut 0,3MPa c gia nhit cho b gia nhit hn hp cng hot ng p sut 0,3 MPa. Nc ra khi b gia nhit kiu hn hp trng thi lng bo ha p sut 0,3 MPa. Cng sut ca Tuabin l 100 MW. B qua tn tht nhit ra ngoi mi trng. Nu mi cht lm vic khi i qua cc tuabin, bm cp, l hi, b qu nhit trung gian, v bnh ngng l cc qu trnh thun nghch. Hy xc nh (a) hiu sut nhit, (b) lu lng hi nc vo phn tuabin u tin, theo kg/h.

74

Bi 7. Mt chu trnh nh my in kt hp tua bin kh-hi c cng sut l 45 MW. Khng kh i vo my nn ca tua bin kh 100 kPa, 300K, v c nn n 1200 kPa. Hiu sut on nhit ca my nn l 84%. Cc iu kin u vo tuabin l 1200 kPa, 1400K. Kh gin n qua tua bin kh c hiu sut on nhit 88%, p sut 100 kPa. Sn phm kh sau i qua thit b hm nc ca chu trnh Rankine v gia nhit cho nc cp v nhit khi thot ra 400 K. Thng s hi vo tuabin c p sut v nhit 8 MPa, 400oC, v gin n n p sut ngng t bng 8 kPa. Nc ngng vo bm cp l lng bo ha c p sut 8 kPa. Hiu sut on nhit ca tuabin v bm cp ln lt bng 90 v 80%. Xc nh lu lng khi lng ca khng kh Gk v lu lng hi Gh? Hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh? Bi 8: Cho chu trnh lm lnh dng my nn hi c qu lnh qu nhit cng sut my nn khi nn on nhit N=100(W), mi cht lnh l R12 c cc thng s: nhit ha hi to=-10oC; nhit qu nhit tqn=-5oC; nhit ngng t tk=25oC; nhit qu lnh tql=15oC. Biu din chu trnh trn th T-s v p-i? Xc nh nng sut lnh v h s lm lnh ca chu trnh?. Bi 9: Cho chu trnh lm lnh dng my nn hi c qu lnh qu nhit cng sut my nn khi nn on nhit N=100(W), mi cht lnh l R134a c cc thng s: nhit ha hi to=-5oC; nhit qu nhit tqn=0oC; nhit ngng t tk=30oC; nhit qu lnh tql=20oC. Biu din chu trnh trn th T-s v p-i? Xc nh nng sut lnh v h s lm lnh ca chu trnh?. Cu 10: Cho chu trnh Rankine c hi nhit nc cp m t nh hnh v sau: Cc thng s ti cc trng thi:

Cc thng s trng thi p(Mpa) t(oC) i (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) s(kJ/kgK) Trng thi 1 15 600 3583,1 - 6,6796 Trng thi 2 1,2 218,84 2860,2 0,1955 s2=s1 Trng thi 3 0,01 - - - s3=s1 Trng thi 4 0,01 - 191,81 0,00101 - Trng thi 5 1,2 - - - s5=s4 Trng thi 6 1,2 - 798,33 0,001138 - Trng thi 7 15 - - - s7=s6

Ti trng thi 3, entropi v entanpi trng thi lng bo ha v hi bo ha kh ln lt l s=0,6492 (kJ/kgK); s=8,149(kJ/kgK); i =191,81(kJ/kg); i=2584(kJ/kg).

- Xc nh t l hi trch gia nhit nc cp?. - Xc nh hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh?.

LH TB

B2 HN

BN

B1

1

2 3

4 5 6

7

LH: L hi TB: Tuabin BN: Bnh ngng HN: Hi nhit nc cp B1: Bm cp 1 B2: Bm cp 2

75

Cu 11: Cho chu trnh Rankine c hi nhit nc cp m t nh hnh v sau: Cc thng s ti cc trng thi:

Cc thng s trng thi p(Mpa) t(oC) i (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) s(kJ/kgK) Trng thi 1 10 500 3368 - 6,594 Trng thi 2 2,5 287 2979 0,09773 s2=s1 Trng thi 3 0,01 - - - s3=s1 Trng thi 4 0,01 - 191,81 0,00101 - Trng thi 5 2,5 - - - s5=s4 Trng thi 6 2,5 - 961,8 0,0011972 - Trng thi 7 10 - - - s7=s6



Cu 12: Cho chu trnh Rankine c hi nhit nc cp m t nh hnh v sau: Cc thng s ti cc trng thi:

Cc thng s trng thi p(Mpa) t(oC) i (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) s(kJ/kgK) Trng thi 1 11 554 3504 - 6,723 Trng thi 2 2 292 3002 0,1181 s2=s1

LH TB

B2 HN

BN

B1

1

2 3

4 5 6

7


LH TB

B2 HN

BN

B1

1

2 3

4 5 6

7


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Trng thi 3 0,01 - - - s3=s1 Trng thi 4 0,01 - 191,81 0,00101 - Trng thi 5 2 - - - s5=s4 Trng thi 6 2 - 908,5 0,0011766 - Trng thi 7 11 - - - s7=s6



Bi 13: Cho chu trnh tuabin phn lc c cc thng s nh hnh v:

Khng kh vo ng c phn lc c p sut 11,8lbf/in2, 430oR v tc kh vo l 909,3(ft/s). T s p sut qua my nn bng 8. Nhit vo tuabin l 2150oR v p sut ti ca ra ca vi phun 11,8lbf/in2. Cng sinh ra ca tuabin tng ng vi cng cp cho my nn. Cc qu trnh c tin hnh qua ng tng tc ln dn, my nn, tuabin v vi phun trong iu kin on nhit v qu trnh tin hnh trong bung t c p sut khng i. iu kin vn hnh n nh. Xc nh tc ti ca ra ca vi phun v p sut ti mi trng thi?. B qua ngoi ng nng ti cc thit b, ngoi tr ti u vo v u ra ca ng c. Th nng c b qua hon ton.

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trng i hc cng nghip h ni 121 bi tp k thut nhit

Bng 1: Nhit dung ring hng s

kcal/kmol kcal/kmol Kh Cv Cp Cv Cp

Mt nguyn t 3 5 12,6 20,9

Hai nguyn t 5 7 20,9 29,3

Ba v nhiu nguyn t 7 9 29,3 37,7

Bng 2: Nhit dung ring trung trnh ph thuc vo nhit

(trong khong 0oC 1500oC) Kh Nhit dung ring khi lng

kcal/kg0C

Nhit dung ring th tch

kcal/m3tc0C

O2

Cptb = 0,2198 + 0,00002544.t Cvtb = 0,1577+ 0,00002544.t

Cptb = 0,3238 + 0,0003766.t Cvtb = 0,2252 + 0,000603766.t

N2

Cptb = 0,2446+ 0,00002115.t Cvtb = 0,1737 + 0,00002115.t

Cptb = 0,3057 + 0,0002643.t Cvtb = 0,2171 + 0,0002643.t

Khng kh

H2O

Cptb= 0,2378 + 0,00002221.t Cvtb = 0,1693 + 0,00002221.t Cptb = 0,4379 + 0,0000713.t Cvtb = 0,3276 + 0,0000713.t

Cptb= 0,3073 + 0,00002869.t Cvtb= 0,2187+ 0,00002869.t Cptb= 0,3519+ 0,00005967.t Cvtb= 0,2633+ 0,00005967.t

CO2 Cptb = 0,2067 + 0,00005836.t Cvtb = 0,1616 + 0,00005836.t

Cptb= 0,4058+ 0,00001146.t Cvtb= 0,3172+ 0,00001146.t

Kh Nhit dung ring khi lng kJ/kg0C

Nhit dung ring th tch kJ/m3tc

0C

O2

Cptb = 0,9203 + 0,00001065.t Cvtb = 0,6603 + 0,00001065.t

Cptb = 1,3138 + 0,0001577.t Cvtb = 0,9429 + 0,0001577.t

N2

Cptb = 1024 + 0,00008855.t Cvtb = 0,7272 + 0,00008855.t

Cptb = 1,2799 + 0,0001107.t Cvtb = 0,9089 + 0,0001107.t

Khng kh

H2O

Cptb = 0,9956 + 0,00009299.t Cvtb = 0,7088 + 0,00009299.t Cptb = 1,833 + 0,0003111.t Cvtb = 1,3716 + 0,0003111.t

Cptb = 1,2866 + 0,0001201.t Cvtb = 0,9757 + 0,0001201.t Cptb = 1.4733 + 0,0002498.t Cvtb = 1.1024 + 0,0002498.t

CO2 Cptb = 0,8654 + 0,00002443.t Cvtb = 0,0764 + 0,00002443.t

Cptb = 1.1690 + 0,0004798.t Cvtb = 1.3281 + 0,0004798.t

Edited by Foxit ReaderCopyright(C) by Foxit Software Company,2005-2008For Evaluation Only.



Bng 3: Nc v hi nc bo ha theo nhit

t oC

p

bar

v

m3/kg

v

m3/kg

kg /m3

i

kJ/kg

i

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

0,01 0.006108 0.0010002 206.3 0.004847 0 2501 2501 0 9.1544

5 0.008719 0.0010001 147.2 0.006793 21.05 2510 2489 0.0762 9.0241

10 0.012277 0.0010004 106.42 0.009398 42.04 2519 2477 0.1510 8.8994

15 0.017041 0.0010010 77.97 0.01282 62.97 2528 2465 0.2244 8.7806

20 0.02337 0.0010018 57.84 0.01729 83.90 2537 2454 0.2964 8.6665

25 0.03166 0.0010030 43.40 0.02304 104.81 2547 2442 0.3672 8.5570

30 0.04241 0.0010044 32.93 0.03037 125.71 2556 2430 0.4366 8.4523

35 0.05622 0.0010061 25.24 0.03962 146.60 2565 2418 0.5049 8.3519

40 0.07375 0.0010079 19.55 0.05115 167.50 2574 2406 0.5723 8.2559

45 0.09584 0.0010099 15.28 0.06544 188.40 2582 2394 0.6384 8.1638

50 0.12335 0.0010121 12.04 0.08306 209.3 2592 2383 0.7038 8.0753

55 0.15740 0.0010145 9.578 0.1044 230.2 2600 2370 0.7679 7.9901

60 0.1917 0.0010171 7.678 0.1302 251.1 2609 2358 0.8311 7.9084

65 0.2501 0.0010199 6.201 0.1613 272.1 2617 2345 0.8934 7.8297

70 0.3117 0.0010228 5.045 0.1982 293.0 2626 2333 0.9549 7.7744

75 0.3855 0.0010258 4.133 0.2420 314.0 2635 2321 1.0157 7.7415

80 0.4736 0.0010290 3.408 0.2934 334.9 2643 2308 1.0750 7.6780

85 0.5781 0.0010324 2.828 0.3536 355.9 2651 2295 1.1942 7.5438

90 0.7001 0.0010359 2.361 0.4325 377.0 2659 2282 1.1625 7.4787

95 0.8451 0.0010396 1.982 0.5045 398.0 2668 2270 1.2502 7.4155

100 1.0132 0.0010435 1.673 0.5977 419.1 2676 2257 1.3071 7.3547

105 1.2079 0.0010474 1.719 0.7047 440.2 2683 2243 1.3632 7.2959

110 1.4326 0.0010515 1.210 0.8264 461.3 2691 2230 1.4184 7.2387

115 1.6905 0.0010559 1.036 0.9652 482.5 2698 2216 1.4733 7.1832

120 1.9854 0.0010603 0.8917 1.121 503.7 2702 2202 1.5277 7.1298

125 2.3208 0.0010649 0.7704 1.298 525.0 2713 2188 1.5814 7.0777

130 2.7011 0.0010697 0.6683 1.496 546.3 2721 2174 1.6345 7.0272

135 3.130 0.0010747 0.5820 1.718 567.5 2727 2159 1.6869 6.9781

140 3.614 0.0010798 0.5087 1.966 589.0 2734 2145 1.7392 6.9304

145 4.155 0.0010851 0.4461 2.242 610.5 2740 2130 1.7907 6.8839

150 4.760 0.0010906 0.3926 2.574 632.2 2746 2114 1.8418 6.8383

155 5.433 0.0010962 0.3466 2.885 653.9 2753 2099 1.8924 6.4940

160 6.180 0.0011021 0.3068 3.258 675.5 2758 2082 1.9427 6.7508

165 7.008 0.0011081 0.2725 3.670 697.3 2763 2066 1.9924 6.7081




Bng 3: Nc v hi nc bo ha theo nhit (tip)

t oC

p

bar

v

m3/kg

v

m3/kg

kg /m3

i

kJ/kg

i

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

170 7.920 0.0011144 0.2426 4.122 719.2 2769 2050 2.0417 6.6666

175 8.925 0.0011208 0.2166 4.617 741.1 2773 2032 2.0909 6.6266

180 10.027 0.0011275 0.1939 5.157 763.1 2778 2015 2.1395 6.5858

185 11.234 0.0011344 0.1739 5.750 785.2 2782 1997 2.1876 6.5465

190 12.553 0.0011415 0.1564 6.394 807.5 2786 1979 2.2357 6.5074

195 13.989 0.0011489 0.1409 7.097 829.9 2790 1960 2.2834 6.4694

200 15.551 0.0011565 0.1272 7.862 852.4 2793 1941 2.3308 6.4318

205 17.245 0.0011644 0.1151 8.688 875.0 2796 1921 2.3777 6.3945

210 19.080 0.0011726 0.1083 9.588 897.7 2798 1900 2.4246 6.3577

215 21.062 0.0011812 0.09465 10.56 920.7 1879 1879 2.4715 6.3212

220 23.201 0.0011900 0.08606 11.62 943.7 1858 1858 2.5179 6.2849

225 25.504 0.0011992 0.07837 12.76 966.9 1835 1835 2.5640 6.2488

230 27.979 0.0012087 0.07147 13.99 990.4 1813 1813 2.6101 6.2133

235 30.635 0.0012187 0.06527 15.32 1013.9 1790 1790 2.6561 6.1780

240 33.480 0.0012291 0.05967 16.76 1037.5 1766 1766 2.7021 6.1425

245 36.524 0.0012399 0.05462 18.30 1061.6 1741 1741 2.7478 6.1073

250 39.776 0.0012512 0.05006 19.98 1085.7 1715 1715 2.7934 6.0721

255 43.25 0.0012631 0.04591 21.78 1110.2 1689 1689 2.8394 6.0366

260 46.94 0.0012755 0.04215 23.72 1135.1 2796 1661 2.8851 6.0013

265 50.87 0.0012886 0.03871 25.83 1160.2 2794 1631 2.9307 5.9657

270 55.05 0.0013023 0.03560 28.09 1185.3 2790 1605 2.9764 5.9297

275 59.49 0.0013168 0.03274 30.53 1210.7 2785 1574.2 3.0223 5.8938

280 64.91 0.0013321 0.03013 33.19 1236.9 2780 1542.9 3.0681 5.8573

285 69.18 0.0013483 0.02774 36.05 1263.1 2773 1510.2 3.1146 5.8205

290 74.45 0.0013655 0.02554 39.15 1290.0 2766 1476.3 3.1611 5.7827

295 80.02 0.0013839 0.02351 42.53 1317.2 2758 1441.0 3.2079 5.7443

300 85.92 0.0014036 0.02164 46.21 1344.9 2749 1404.2 3.2548 5.7049

305 92.14 0.001425 0.01992 50.20 1373.1 2739 1365.6 3.3026 5.6647

310 98.70 0.001447 0.01832 54.58 1402.1 2727 1325.2 3.3508 5.6233

315 105.61 0.001472 0.01683 59.42 1431.7 2714 1282.3 3.3996 5.5802

320 112.90 0.001499 0.01545 64.72 1462.1 2700 1237.8 3.4495 5.5353

325 120.57 0.001529 0.01417 70.57 1493.6 2684 1190.3 3.5002 5.4891

330 128.65 0.001562 0.01297 77.10 1526.1 2666 1139.6 3.5522 5.4412

335 137.14 0.001599 0.01184 84.46 1559.8 2646 1085.7 3.6056 5.3905




Bng 3: Nc v hi nc bo ha theo nhit (tip)

t oC

p

bar

v

m3/kg

v

m3/kg

kg /m3

i

kJ/kg

i

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

340 146.08 0.001639 0.01078 92.76 1594.7 2622 1027.0 3.6605 5.3361

345 155.48 0.001686 0.009771 102.34 1639 2595 963.5 3.7184 5.2769

350 165.37 0.001741 0.008803 113.6 1671 2565 893.5 3.7786 5.2117

355 175.77 0.001807 0.007869 127.1 1714 2527 813.0 3.8439 5.1385

360 186.74 0.001894 0.006943 144.0 1762 2481 719.3 3.9162 5.0530

365 198.30 0.00202 0.00599 166.8 1817 2421 603.5 4.0009 4.9463

370 210.53 0.00222 0.00493 203 1893 2331 438.4 4.1137 4.7951

375 255.22 0.00280 0.00347 288 485.3 512.7 27.4 10332 4.5029

Bng 4: Nc v hi nc bo ha theo p sut

p

bar

t oC

v

m3/kg

v

m3/kg

kg /m3

i

kJ/kg

i

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

0.010 6.92 0.0010001 129.9 0.00770 29.32 2513 2484 0.1054 8.975

0.015 13.038 0.0010007 87.90 0.01138 54.75 2525 2470 0.1958 8.827

0.020 17.514 0.0010014 66.97 0.01493 73.52 2533 2459 0.2609 8.722

0.025 21.094 0.0010021 54.24 0.01843 88.50 2539 2451 0.3124 8.642

0.030 24.097 0.0010028 45.66 0.02190 101.04 2545 2444 0.3546 8.576

0.035 26.692 0.0010035 39.48 0.2533 111.86 2550 2438 0.3908 8.521

0.040 28.979 0.0010041 34.81 0.02873 121.42 2554 2433 0.4225 8.473

0.045 31.033 0.0010047 31.13 0.03211 130.00 2557 2427 0.4507 8.431

0.050 32.88 0.0010053 28.19 0.3547 137.83 2561 2423 0.4761 8.393

0.060 36.18 0.0010064 23.74 0.04212 151.50 2567 2415 0.5207 8.328

0.070 39.03 0.0010075 20.53 0.04871 163.43 2572 2409 0.5591 8.274

0.080 41.54 0.0010085 18.10 0.05525 173.9 2576 2402 0.5927 8.227

0.090 43.79 0.0010094 16.20 0.06172 183.3 2580 2397 0.6225 8.186

0.10 45.84 0.0010103 14.68 0.06812 191.9 2584 2392 0.6492 8.149

0.11 47.12 0.001011 13.40 0.07462 199.7 2588 2388 0.6740 8.116

0.12 49.45 0.0010119 12.35 0.08097 207.0 2591 2384 0.6966 8.085

0.13 51.07 0.0010126 11.46 0.08726 213.8 2594 2380 0.7174 8.057

0.14 52.58 0.0010133 10.69 0.09354 220.1 2596 2376 0.7368 8.031

0.15 54.00 0.0010140 10.02 0.09980 226.1 2599 2373 0.7550 8.007

0.20 60.08 0.0010171 7.647 0.1308 251.4 2609 2358 0.8321 7.907

0.25 64.99 0.0010199 6.202 0.1612 272.0 2618 2346 0.8934 7.830




Bng 4: Nc v hi nc bo ha theo p sut (tip)

p

bar

t oC

v

m3/kg

v

m3/kg

kg /m3

i

kJ/kg

i

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

0.30 69.12 0.0010222 5.226 0.1913 289.3 2625 2336 0.9441 7.769

0.40 75.88 0.0010264 3.994 0.2504 317.7 2636 2318 1.0261 7.670

0.50 81.35 0.0010299 3.239 0.3087 340.6 2645 2304 1.0910 7.593

0.6 85.95 0.0010330 2.732 0.3661 360.0 2653 2293 1.1453 7.531

0.7 89.97 0.0010359 2.364 0.4230 376.8 2660 2283 1.1918 7.479

0.8 93.52 0.0010385 2.087 0.4792 391.8 2665 2273 1.2330 7.434

0.9 96.72 0.0010409 1.869 0.5350 405.3 2670 2265 1.2696 7.394

1.00 99.64 0.0010432 1.694 0.5903 417.4 2675 2258 1.3026 7.360

1.1 102.32 0.0010452 1.550 0.6453 428.9 2679 2250 1.3327 7.328

1.2 104.81 0.0010472 1.429 0.6999 439.4 2683 2244 1.3606 7.298

1.3 107.14 0.0010492 1.325 0.7545 449.2 2687 2238 1.3866 7.271

1.4 109.33 0.0010510 1.236 0.8080 458.5 2690 2232 1.4109 7.246

1.5 111.38 0.0010527 1.159 0.8627 467.2 2693 2226 1.4336 7.223

1.6 113.32 0.0010543 1.091 0.9164 475.6 2696 2221 1.4550 7.202

1.7 115.17 0.0010559 1.031 0.9699 483.2 2699 2216 1.4752 7.182

1.8 116.94 0.0010575 0.9773 1.023 490.7 2702 2211 1.4943 7.163

1.9 118.62 0.0010591 0.9290 1.076 497.9 2704 2206 1.5126 7.445

2.0 120.23 0.0010605 0.8854 1.129 504.8 2707 2202 1.5302 7.127

2.1 121.78 0.0010619 0.8459 1.182 511.4 2709 2198 1.5470 7.111

2.2 123.27 0.0010633 0.8098 1.235 517.8 2711 2193 1.5630 7.096

2.3 124.71 0.0010646 0.7768 1.287 524.0 2713 2189 1.5783 7.081

2.4 126.09 0.0010659 0.7465 1.340 529.8 2715 2185 1.5929 7.067

2.5 127.43 0.0010672 0.7185 1.392 535.1 2717 2182 1.6071 7.053

2.6 128.73 0.0010685 0.6925 1.444 540.9 2719 2178 1.621 7.040

2.7 129.98 0.0010697 0.6684 1.496 546.2 2721 2175 1.634 7.027

2.8 131.20 0.0010709 0.6461 1.548 551.4 2722 2171 1.647 7.015

2.9 132.39 0.0010721 0.6253 1.599 556.5 2724 2167 1.660 7.003

3.0 133.54 0.0010733 0.6057 1.651 561.4 2725 2164 1.672 6.922

3.1 134.66 0.0010744 0.5873 1.703 566.3 2727 2161 1.683 6.981

3.2 135.75 0.0010754 0.5701 1.754 577.1 2728 2157 1.695 6.971

3.3 136.82 0.0010765 0.5539 1.805 575.7 2703 2154 1.706 6.961

3.4 137.66 0.0010776 0.5386 1.857 580.2 2731 2151 1.717 6.951

3.5 138.88 0.0010786 0.5241 1.908 584.5 2732 2148 1.728 6.941





p

bar

t oC

v

m3/kg

v

m3/kg

kg /m3

i

kJ/kg

i

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

3.6 139.87 0.0010797 0.5104 1.959 588.7 2734 2145 1.738 6.932

3.7 140.84 0.0010807 0.4975 2.010 592.8 2735 2142 1.748 6.933

3.8 141.9 0.0010817 0.852 2.061 596.8 2736 2139 1.758 6.914

3.9 142.71 0.0010827 0.4735 2.112 600.8 2737 2136 1.768 6.905

4.0 143.62 0.0010836 0.4624 2.163 604.7 2738 2133 1.777 6.897

4.1 144.51 0.0010845 0.4518 2.213 608.5 2740 2131 1.768 6.889

4.2 145.39 0.0010855 0.4416 2.264 612.3 2741 2129 1.795 6.881

4.3 146.25 0.0010865 0.4319 2.315 616.1 2742 2126 1.804 6.873

4.4 147.09 0.0010874 0.4227 2.366 619.8 2743 2123 1.812 6.865

4.5 147.92 0.0010883 0.4139 2.416 623.4 2744 2121 1.821 6.857

5.0 151.84 0.0010927 0.3747 2.669 640.1 2749 2109 1.860 6.822

6.0 158.84 0.0011007 0.3156 3.169 670.5 2757 2086 1.931 6.761

7.0 164.96 0.0011081 0.2728 3.666 697.2 2764 2067 1.992 6.709

8.0 170.42 0.0011149 0.2403 4.161 720.9 2769 2048 2.046 6.663

9.0 175.35 0.0011213 0.2149 4.654 742.8 2774 2031 2.094 6.623

10 179.86 0.0011273 0.1946 5.139 762.7 2778 2015 2.136 6.587

11 184.05 0.0011331 0.1775 5.634 81.7 2781 2000 2.179 6.554

12 187.95 0.0011385 0.1633 6.124 789.3 2785 1987 2.216 6.523

13 191.60 0.0011438 0.1512 6.614 814.5 2787 1973 2.251 6.495

14 195.04 0.0011490 0.1408 7.103 830.0 2790 1960 2.284 6.469

15 198.28 0.0011539 0.1317 7.593 844.6 2792 1947 2.314 6.445

16 201.36 0.0011586 0.1238 8.080 858.3 2793 1935 2.344 6.422

17 204.30 0.0011632 0.1167 8.569 871.6 2795 1923 2.371 6.400

18 207.10 0.0011678 0.1104 9.058 884.4 2796 1912 2.397 6.379

19 209.78 0.0011722 0.1047 9.549 896.6 2798 1901 2.422 6.359

20 212.37 0.0011766 0.09958 10.041 908.5 2799 1891 2.447 6.340

21 214.84 0.0011809 0.09492 10.54 919.8 2800 1880 2.470 6.322

22 217.24 0.0011851 0.09068 11.03 930.9 2801 1870 2.492 6.305

23 219.55 0.0011892 0.08679 11.52 941.5 2801 1860 2.514 6.288

24 221.77 0.0011932 0.08324 12.01 951.8 2802 1850 2.534 6.272

25 223.93 0.0011972 0.07993 12.51 961.8 2802 1840 2.554 6.256

26 226.03 0.0012012 0.07688 13.01 971.7 2803 1831 2.573 6.242

27 228.06 0.0012050 0.07406 13.50 981.3 2803 1822 2.592 6.227





p

bar

t oC

v

m3/kg

v

m3/kg

kg /m3

i

kJ/kg

i

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg

28 230.04 0.0012088 0.07141 14.00 990.4 2803 1813 2.611 6.213

29 231.96 0.0012126 0.06895 14.50 999.4 2803 1804 2.628 6.199

30 233.83 0.0012163 0.06665 15.00 1008.3 2804 1796 2.646 6.186

32 237.44 0.0012238 0.06246 16.01 1025.3 2803 1778 2.679 6.161

34 240.88 0.0012310 0.05875 17.02 1041.9 2803 1761 2.710 6.137

36 244.16 0.0012380 0.05543 18.04 1057.5 2802 1745 2.740 6.113

38 247.31 0.0012450 0.05246 19.06 1072.7 2802 1729 2.769 6.091

40 250.33 0.0012520 0.04977 20.09 1087.5 2801 1713 2.796 6.070

42 253.24 0.001288 0.04732 21.13 1101.7 2800 1698 2.823 6049

44 256.05 0.0012656 0.04508 22.18 1115.3 2798 1683 2.849 6.029

46 258.75 0.0012724 0.04305 23.23 1128.8 2797 1668 2.874 6.010

48 261.37 0.0012790 0.04118 24.29 1141.8 2796 1654 2.898 5.991

50 263.91 0.0012857 0.03944 25.35 1154.4 2794 1640 2.921 5.973

55 269.94 0.0013021 0.03564 28.06 1184.9 2790 1604.6 2.976 5.930

60 275.56 0.0013185 0.03243 30.84 1213.9 2785 1570.8 3.027 5.890

65 280.83 0.0013347 0.02973 33.64 1241.3 2779 1537.5 3.076 5.851

70 285.80 0.0013510 0.02737 36.54 1267.4 2772 1504.9 3.122 5.814

75 290.50 0.0013673 0.02532 39.49 1292.7 2766 1472.8 3.166 5.779

80 294.98 0.0013838 0.02352 42.52 1317.0 2758 1441.1 3.208 5.745

85 299.24 0.0014005 0.02192 45.62 1340.8 2751 1409.8 3.248 5.711

90 303.22 0.0014174 0.02048 48.83 1363.7 2743 1379.3 3.287 5.678

95 307.22 0.0014345 0.01919 52.11 1385.9 2734 1348.4 3.324 5.646

100 310.96 0.0014521 0.01803 55.46 1407.7 2725 1317.0 3.360 5.615

110 318.04 0.001489 0.01598 62.58 1450.2 2705 1255.0 3.430 5.553

120 324.63 0.001527 0.01426 70.13 1491.1 2685 1193.5 3.496 5.492

130 330.81 0.001567 0.01277 78.30 1531.5 2662 1130.8 3.561 5.432

140 336.63 0.001611 0.01149 87.03 1570.8 2638 1066.9 3.623 5.372

150 342.11 0.001658 0.01035 99.62 1610 2611 1001.1 3.684 5.310

160 347.32 0.001710 0.009318 107.3 1650 2582 932.0 3.746 5.247

170 352.26 0.001768 0.009682 119.3 1690 2648 858.3 3.807 5.177

180 356.96 0.001837 0.007504 133.2 1732 2510 778.2 3.871 5.107

190 361.44 0.001921 0.00668 149.7 1776 2466 690 3.938 5.027

200 365.71 0.00204 0.00585 170.9 1827 2410 583 4.015 4.928

210 369.79 0.00221 0.00498 200.7 1888 2336 448 4.108 4.803




Bng 5: Nc cha si v hi qu nhit

p; bar

t; oC

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

v 0.0010018 36.12 38.45 40.75 43.07 45.39 47.69 50.01 52.31 54.63

0.04 i 83.7 2574 2612 2650 2688 2726 2764 2803 2841 2880

s 0.2964 8.537 8.651 8.762 8.867 8.966 9.060 9.150 9.238 9.321

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 19.19 20.34 21.50 22.66 23.82 24.97 26.13 27.29

0.08 i 83.7 167.5 2612 2650 2688 2726 2764 2802 2841 2880

s 0.2964 0.5715 8.331 8.441 8.546 8.645 8.740 8.830 8.917 9.000

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 15.35 16.27 17.20 18.13 19.06 19.98 20.90 21.83

0.10 i 83.7 167.5 2611 2649 2688 2726 2764 2802 2841 2879

s 0.2964 0.5715 8.227 8.337 8.442 8.542 8.636 8.727 8.814 8.897

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 12.79 13.55 14.33 15.10 15.87 16.64 17.42 18.19

0.12 i 83.7 167.5 2611 2649 2687 2725 2764 2802 2841 2897

s 0.2964 0.5715 8.143 8.253 8.358 8.457 8.552 8.643 8.730 8.813

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 10.95 11.61 12.27 12.94 13.60 14.26 14.92 15.58

0.14 i 83.7 167.5 2611 2649 2687 2725 2763 2802 2840 2879

s 0.2964 0.5715 8.071 8.181 8.287 8.386 8.481 8.572 8.659 8.742

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 9.573 10.160 10.740 11.320 11.899 12.478 13.057 13.635

0.16 i 83.7 167.5 2610 2649 2687 2725 2763 2802 2840 2879

s 0.2964 0.5715 8.009 8.120 8.225 8.324 8.419 8.510 8.597 8.680

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 0.0010171 8.119 8.584 9.049 9.513 9.977 10.441 10.905

0.20 i 83.7 167.5 251.1 2648 2687 2725 2763 2801 2840 2897

s 0.2964 0.5715 0.8307 8.015 8.120 8.220 8.135 8.406 8.493 8.576

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 0.0010171 5.400 5.713 6.025 6.335 6.645 6.955 7.246

0.30 i 83.7 167.5 251.1 2646 2685 2724 2762 2801 2839 2878

s 0.2964 0.5715 0.8307 7.825 7.931 8.031 8.126 8.217 8.304 8.388

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 0.0010171 0.0010289 1.695 1.795 1.889 1.984 2.078 2.172

0.10 i 83.7 167.5 251.1 334.9 2676 2717 2757 2796 2835 2875

s 0.2964 0.5715 0.8307 1.0748 7.361 7.4665 7.562 7.654 7.743 7.828

v 0.0010018 0.0010079 0.0010171 0.0010289 0.0010434 1.491 1.572 1650 1.729 1.807

1.2 i 83.9 167.5 251.1 334.9 419.0 2715 2755 2795 2834 2874

s 0.2964 0.5715 0.8307 1.0748 1.3067 3.376 7.475 7.568 7.657 7.742

v 0.0010015 0.0010076 0.0010168 0.0010287 0.0010432 0.0010601 0.0010797 0.3167 0.3348 0.3520

6.0 i 84.3 167.9 251.5 335.2 419.1 503.7 589.1 2759 2805 2849

s 0.2964 0.5716 0.8302 1.0744 1.3062 1.5265 1.738 6.767 6.869 6.963

v 0.0010015 0.0010076 0.0010167 0.0010286 0.0010431 0.0010600 0.0010795 0.0011020 0.2473 0.2609

8.0 i 84.5 168.1 251.7 335.3 419.2 503.8 589.1 6.753 2792 2839

s 0.2962 0.5714 0.8300 1.0742 1.3060 1.5263 1.737 1.941 6.715 6.814

v 0.0010014 0.0010075 0.0010166 0.0010285 0.0010430 0.0010598 0.0010794 0.0011018 0.1949 0.2060

10 i 84.7 168.3 251.8 335.4 419.3 503.9 589.2 675.4 2778 2827

s 0.2960 0.5712 0.8298 1.0740 1.3058 1.5261 1.737 1.941 6.588 6.692

v 0.0010013 0.0010074 0.0010165 0.0010284 0.0010429 0.0010597 0.0010793 0.0011016 0.1645 0.1693

12 i 84.9 168.5 251.9 335.5 419.4 504.0 589.3 675.5 2790 2816

s 0.2956 0.5711 0.8297 1.0738 1.3056 1.5259 1.737 1.940 6534 6.588

v 0.0010012 0.0010073 0.0010164 0.0010282 0.0010427 0.0010596 0.0010792 0.0011015 0.0011271 0.1429

14 i 85.1 168.7 252.1 335.7 419.6 504.2 589.5 675.7 763.2 2803

s 0.2958 0.5710 0.8296 1.0736 1.3054 1.5257 1.736 1.940 2.137 6.497




Bng 5: Nc cha si v hi qu nhit (tip)

p; bar

t; oC

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

v 0.0010011 0.0010072 0.0010163 0.0010282 0.0010426 0.0010595 0.0010790 0.0011013 0.0011270 0.0011565

16 i 85.3 168.8 252.2 335.8 419.7 504.3 589.6 675.7 763.2 8524

s 0.2958 0.5710 0.8296 1.0735 1.3052 1.5256 1.736 1.940 2.137 2.329

v 0.0010010 0.0010071 0.0010162 0.0010281 0.0010425 0.0010594 0.0010789 0.0011012 0.0011268 0.0011562

18 i 85.5 169.0 252.4 336.0 419.9 504.5 589.8 675.8 763.2 852.4

s 0.2957 0.5709 0.8295 1.0733 1.3050 1.5254 1.736 1.939 2.136 2.328

v 0.0010009 0.0010070 0.0010161 0.0010280 0.0010424 0.0010593 0.0010878 0.0011011 0.0011267 0.0011561

20 i 85.7 169.2 252.6 336.2 420.1 504.7 589.9 675.9 763.2 852.4

s 0.2957 0.5708 0.8294 1.0731 1.3048 1.5252 1.736 1.939 2.136 2.328

v 0.0010004 0.0010065 0.0010157 0.0010275 0.0010419 0.0010587 0.0010782 0.0011004 0.0011258 0.0011551

30 i 86.7 170.1 253.5 337.0 420.9 505.4 590.6 676.4 763.7 852.6

s 0.2956 0.5707 0.8290 1.0726 1.3038 1.5244 1.735 1.938 2.137 2.826

v 0.000983 0.00100043 0.0010134 0.0010354 0.0010398 0.0010564 0.0010972 0.00111220 0.0011420 0.0011504

80 i 91.3 174.6 257.8 342.1 424.9 509.1 593.4 679.6 766.7 855.0

s 0.2943 0.5686 0.8260 1.0689 1.2996 1.518 1.730 1.931 2.126 2.317

v 0.0009978 0.0010038 0.0010129 0.0010249 0.0010393 0.0010559 0.0010749 0.0010966 0.0011213 0.0011496

90 i 92.3 175.5 258.7 342.1 425.7 509.8 594.6 680.3 767.4 855.5

s 0.2941 0.5681 0.82353 1.0682 1.2988 1.189 1.729 1.930 2.125 2.316

v 0.0009975 0.0010031 0.0010125 0.0010245 0.0010386 0.0010552 0.0010741 0.0010956 0.0011201 0.0011482

100 i 92.2 176.9 259.6 342.9 426.5 510.5 595.3 681.0 768.0 856.0

s 0.2939 0.5674 0.8247 1.0676 1.2982 1.5182 1.718 1.919 2.123 2.314

v 0.0009965 0.0010024 0.0010116 0.0010236 0.0010379 0.0010544 0.0010732 0.0010946 0.0011189 0.0011622

120 i 95.1 178.2 261.4 344.6 428.1 512.0 596.7 682.4 769.1 901.5

s 0.2935 0.5668 0.8236 1.0662 1.2967 1.5165 1.727 1.927 2.121 2.404

v 0.0009961 0.0010020 0.0010112 0.0010231 0.0010573 0.0010538 0.0010725 0.0010939 0.0011182 0.0011458

130 i 96.0 179.0 262.2 345.4 428.9 512.7 597.4 683.0 769.7 857.4

s 0.2931 0.5664 0.8230 0.0655 1.2959 1.5165 1.726 1.926 2.119 2.309

v 0.0009957 0.0010016 0.0010108 0.0010226 0.0010368 0.0010533 0.0010719 0.0010932 0.0011174 0.0011448

140 i 96.9 179.9 263.0 346.2 429.6 513.1 598.0 683.6 770.2 857.9

s 0.2930 0.5660 0.8224 1.0648 1.251 1.5148 1.724 1.925 2.118 2.308

v 0.0009948 0.0010007 0.0010099 0.0010217 0.0010359 0.0010522 0.0010707 0.0010918 0.0011157 0.0011430

160 i 98.9 181.7 264.7 347.9 31.2 524.9 599.4 684.9 771.3 858.8

s 0.2925 0.5653 0.8212 1.0634 1.2937 1.5131 1.722 1.922 2116 2.305

v 0.0009912 0.0009973 0.0010065 0.0010182 0.0010320 0.0010479 0.0010660 0.0010864 0.0011095 0.0011357

240 i 106.4 188.8 2715 254.3 437.2 520.8 604.6 689.9 775.7 862.6

s 0.2911 0.5625 0.8169 0.0582 1.2881 1.5062 1.715 1.915 2108 2.295

v 0.0009886 0.0009949 0.0010041 0.0010156 0.0010293 0.0010450 0.0010662 0.0010825 0.0011050 0.0011305

300 i 112.0 194.1 276.5 359.1 441.9 525.1 609.0 693.6 779.1 865.4

s 0.2902 0.5603 0.8140 0.0545 1.2864 1.5024 1.709 1.908 2.100 2.287




Bng 5: Nc cha si v hi qu nhit (Tip)

p bar toC 220 240 260 280 300 350 400 450 500 600

v 56.93 59.24 61.56 63.87 66.18 71.96 77.73 85.31 89.28 100.84

0.04 i 2918 2958 2997 3037 3077 3177 32.80 3384 3490 3707

s 9.402 9.479 9.554 9.627 9.698 9.866 10.024 10.174 10.317 10.585

v 28.44 2.960 30.75 31.90 33.06 35.94 38.84 41.72 44.61 50.38

0.08 i 2918 2957 2997 3037 3077 3177 3280 3384 3490 3707

s 9.081 9.159 9.234 9.306 9.377 9.546 9.704 9.854 9.997 10.265

v 22.76 23.68 24.60 25.53 26.46 28.76 31.08 33.39 35.70 40.32

0.10 i 2918 2957 2997 3037 3077 3177 3280 33.84 3490 3707

s 8.978 9.056 9.131 9.203 9.274 9.443 9.601 9.751 9.895 10.162

v 18.69 19.73 20.50 21.27 22.04 23.96 25.88 27.82 29.74 33.60

0.12 i 2918 2957 2996 3036 3177 3177 3280 33.84 3490 3707

s 8.894 8.972 9.047 9.119 9.190 9.359 9.517 9.667 9.810 10.078

v 16.24 16.90 17.56 18.22 18.88 20.53 22.18 29.83 25.49 28.79

0.14 i 2918 2957 2997 3037 3077 3077 32.80 3384 3490 3707

s 8.823 8.900 8.975 9.048 9.119 9.288 9.446 9.596 9.739 10.007

v 14.213 14.790 15.367 15.943 16.52 17.96 19.41 20.85 22.29 25.18

0.16 i 2918 2957 2997 3037 3077 3177 32.80 3384 3490 3707

s 8.761 8.838 8.913 8.986 9.057 9.226 9.384 9.534 9.678 9.945

v 11.369 11.832 12.295 12.758 13.220 14.376 15.530 16.68 17.82 20.15

0.20 i 2918 2957 2996 3036 3077 3177 3280 3384 3490 3707

s 8.657 8.735 8.610 8.883 8.954 9.123 9.281 9.431 9.575 9.842

v 7.573 7.882 8.191 8.500 8.809 9.580 10.351 11.121 11.891 13.430

0.30 i 2917 2956 2996 3036 3075 3177 3280 3384 3490 3707

s 8.469 8.547 8.622 8.695 8.766 8.935 9.093 9.244 9.388 9.655

v 2.266 2.358 2.452 2.545 2.638 2.871 3.102 3.334 3.565 4.028

0.10 i 2914 2954 2993 3033 3074 3175 3278 3382 3488 3706

s 7.910 7.988 8.064 8.139 8.211 8.381 8.541 8.690 8.333 9.097

v 1.886 1.964 2.042 2.120 2.197 2.391 2.584 2.777 2.970 3.357

1.2 i 2913 2953 2993 3033 3073 3174 3278 3382 3488 3705

s 7.824 7.903 7.979 8.053 8.126 8.296 8.456 8.606 8.749 9.013

v 0.3688 0.3855 0.4019 0.4181 0.4342 0.4714 0.5136 0.5528 0.5919 0.6697

6.0 i 2891 2933 2975 3017 3059 3164 3270 3376 3483 3701

s 7.051 7.135 7.215 7.292 7.366 7.541 7.704 7.857 8.001 8.266

v 0.2739 0.2867 0.2993 0.3118 0.3240 0.3542 0.3842 0.4137 0.4432 0.5018

8.0 i 2883 2926 2969 3011 3054 3160 3267 3373 3481 3699

s 6.905 6.991 7.037 7.151 7.226 7.404 7.568 7.722 7.866 8.132

v 0.2169 02274 0.2377 0.2478 0.2578 0.2822 0.0365 0.3303 0.3539 0.401

10 i 2874 2918 2962 3005 3058 3156 3263 3370 3479 3698

s 6.788 6.877 6.961 7.040 7116 7.296 7.461 7.615 7.761 8.027

v 0.1788 0.1879 6.1967 0.2054 0.2139 0.2343 0.2547 0.2747 0.2944 0.333

12 i 2865 2911 2955 2999 3042 3151 3260 3364 3477 3696

s 6.688 6.780 6.866 6.947 7.025 7.206 7.373 7.529 7.674 7.942




Bng 5: Nc cha si v hi qu nhit (Tip)

p bar

toC 220 240 260 280 300 350 400 450 500 600

v 0.1515 0.1596 0.1673 0.1748 0.1823 0.2001 0.2176 0.2349 0.2520 0.285

14 i 2855 2902 2948 2992 3036 3147 3256 3365 3474 3695

s 6.602 6.697 6.784 6.867 6.945 7.130 7.299 7.455 7.601 7.870

v 0.1309 0.1382 0.1452 0.1519 0.1585 0.1743 0.1899 0.2051 0.2201 0.249

16 i 2844 2893 2940 286 3030 3142 3253 3363 3472 3691

s 6.524 6.622 6.711 6.796 6.877 7.063 7.233 7.390 7.537 7.804

v 0.1149 0.1216 0.1280 0.1341 0.1401 0.1545 0.1683 0.1819 0.1953 0.2211

18 i 2833 2884 2932 2979 3025 31338 3249 3360 3470 3690

s 6.452 6.554 6.646 6.732 6.7814 7.003 7.175 7.333 7.480 7.750

v 0.1021 1.084 0.1143 0.1200 0.1255 0.1384 0.1511 0.1634 0.1755 0.199

20 i 2812 2875 2924 2972 3019 3134 3246 3357 3468 3690

s 6.385 6.491 6.585 6.674 6.757 6.949 7.122 7.282 7.429 7.701

v 0.0011891 0.06826 0.07294 0.07720 0.08119 0.09929 0.09929 0.1078 0.1161 0.1325

30 i 943.5 2823 2882 2937 2988 31111 3229 3343 3406 3682

s 2.514 6.225 6.337 6.438 6.530 6.735 6.916 7.080 7.231 7.506

v 0.0011833 0.001221 0.0012689 0.001357 0.0249 0.03003 0.03438 0.03821 0.04177 0.04844

80 i 945.1 1037.9 1134.4 1235.4 2784 2985 3135 3270 3397 3640

s 2.504 2.688 2.873 3.059 5.788 6.126 6.358 6.552 6.722 7.019

v 0.0011822 0.0012207 0.0012669 0.0013246 0.0014016 0.02586 0.03001 0.03354 0.03680 0.04285

90 i 945.2 1038.1 1134.2 1234.9 1344.4 2954 3114 3254 3386 3631

s 2.502 2.686 2.870 3.056 3.249 6.033 6.280 6.481 6.656 6.957

v 0.0011805 0.0012185 0.001265 0.0013217 0.0013970 0.02247 0.02646 0.02979 0.03281 0.03837

100 i 945.8 1038.3 1134.1 1234.5 1342.2 2920 3093 3239 3372 3621

s 2.500 2.684 2.868 3.053 3.244 5.940 6.207 6.416 6.596 6.901

v 0.0011788 0.0012164 0.0012612 0.0013164 0.0013886 0.01726 0.02113 0.02414 0.02681 0.03163

120 i 946.6 3038.7 1133.9 1233.7 1340.0 2844 3049 3206 3347 3603

s 2.497 2.680 2.863 3.046 3.235 5.755 6.071 6.298 6.487 6.803

v 0.0011777 0.0012150 0.0012593 0.0013137 0.0013847 0.01514 0.01905 0.02197 0.02450 0.02903

130 i 946.9 1038.9 1133.8 1233.3 1339.0 2799 3026 3189 3334 3294

s 2.495 2.678 2.860 3.043 2.320 5.657 6.006 6.243 6.138 6.758

v 0.0011766 0.0012136 0.0012575 0.0013111 0.0013808 0.01325 0.01726 0.02010 0.02252 0.02683

140 i 947.3 1039.1 1133.8 1232.9 1338.0 2750 3000 3172 3312 3585

s 2.493 2.676 2.858 3.040 3.226 5.550 5.492 6.190 6.390 6.716

v 0.0011744 0.0012109 0.0012539 0.0013061 0.0013735 0.00978 0.01429 0.01704 0.01930 0.2322

160 i 948.0 1039.5 1133.7 1232.2 1336.2 2612 2945 3137 3294 3567

s 2.489 2.672 2.853 3.035 3.218 5.302 5.816 6.090 6.303 6.640

v 0.0011658 0.0012004 0.0012404 0.0012883 0.001375 0.001612 0.00676 0.00977 0.01174 0.01478

240 i 950.9 1041.3 1134.0 1230.3 1331.2162 1265 2638 2971 3174 3493

s 2.477 2.657 2.835 3.011 3.190 3.684 5.236 5.723 5.999 6.394

v 0.0011597 0.0011931 0.0012315 0.0012764 0.0013311 0.001556 0.00283 0.00672 0.00869 0.01144

300 i 953.3 1042.9 1134.7 1229.0 1329.0 1608 2155 2816 3073 3434

s 2.468 2.647 2.822 2.996 3.171 3.640 4.476 5.446 5.799 6.242




Bng 6: Tnh cht vt l amonic trn ng bo ha

t oC

p

bar

Cp k/J/kgK

Cp k/J/kgK

10-2W/mK

10-3 W/mK

10-4 Ns/m2

10-4 Ns/m2

Pr Pr m/s

10-3N/m

-70 0.110 - 2.02 70.5 14.9 (4.85) (7.5) - 1.04 361.6 -

-60 0.120 4.38 2.05 68.3 15.3 (4.10) (7.8) 2.63 1.02 370.0 -

-50 0.410 4.41 2.09 66.0 16.9 3.46 8.15 2.31 1.00 377.2 38.0

-40 0.719 4.44 2.14 63.8 18.0 2.41 8.45 2.03 1.00 383.8 35.7

-30 1.198 4.73 2.21 61.4 19.1 2.50 8.75 1.82 1.01 389.6 33.4

-20 1.906 4.51 2.30 59.0 20.6 2.18 9.10 1.68 1.01 394.8 31.1

-10 2.914 4.55 2.41 56.6 22.3 1.93 9.40 1.58 1.02 399.4 28.9

0 4.301 4.60 2.54 54.3 24.2 1.74 9.70 1.49 1.03 403.0 26.6

10 6.158 4.65 2.70 52.0 26.2 1.59 10.05 1.42 1.04 405.4 24.3

20 8.582 4.71 2.88 49.7 28.4 1.45 10.40 1.37 1.06 406.9 22.0

30 11.68 4.78 3.10 47.3 31.0 1.33 10.75 1.34 1.08 407.2 19.6

40 15.56 4.86 3.36 45.0 33.7 1.22 11.15 1.32 1.11 406.3 17.4

50 20.35 4.96 3.68 42.5 36.6 1.11 11.55 1.31 1.16 404.2 15.1

60 26.46 5.15 4.06 40.0 39.6 1.01 12.00 1.30 1.23 400.7 12.8

70 33.15 5.32 4.55 37.7 42.8 (0.91) 12.45 1.30 1.32 395.7 (10.5)

80 41.45 5.53 5.12 35.0 46.8 (0.82) 12.90 1.30 1.41 388.8 ()8.2

Bng 7: Tnh cht vt l R12 trn ng bo ha

t oC

p

bar

Cp k/J/kg.K

Cp

k/J/kg.K

10-2W/mK

10-3 W/mK

10-4 Ns/m2

10-5 Ns/m2

Pr Pr m/s

10-3N/m

-70 0.1226 0.859 0.500 9.67 3.27 5.99 0.897 5.32 1.37 126.8 -

-60 0.2261 0.684 0.524 9.40 4.00 5.20 0.938 4.78 1.23 129.0 19.7

-50 0.3913 0.871 0.540 9.13 4.70 4.56 0.980 4.35 1.13 131.0 18.3

-40 0.6415 0.879 0.565 8.85 5.42 4.05 1.022 4.02 1.05 132.6 17.0

-30 1.004 0.888 0.590 8.58 6.16 3.63 1.067 3.76 0.99 134.0 15.7

-20 1.509 0.900 0.615 8.30 6.88 3.28 1.109 3.55 0.98 135.2 14.4

-10 2.191 0.915 0.640 8.03 7.59 2.98 1.150 3.39 0.90 135.9 13.1

-0 3.086 0.931 0.660 7.75 8.30 2.72 1.194 3.27 0.92 136.1 11.8

10 4.233 0.951 0.685 7.47 9.02 2.50 1.237 3.18 0.92 136.0 10.5

20 5.672 0.975 0.710 7.20 9.74 2.30 1.286 3.12 0.94 135.3 9.3

30 7.449 1.005 0.745 6.92 10.50 2.13 1.340 3.10 0.95 134.2 8.0

40 9.606 1.04 0.785 6.65 11.28 1.98 1.398 3.09 0.98 132.2 6.7

50 12.19 1.09 0.840 6.37 12.10 1.84 1.461 3.15 1.02 129.6 5.5

60 15.26 1.15 0.905 6.10 12.97 1.72 1.529 3.24 1.08 126.4 4.4

70 18.86 1.24 0.995 (5.83) 13.88 1.60 1.616 3.40 1.16 122.0 3.4

80 23.05 1.37 1.140 5.65 14.90 1.50 1.718 3.64 1.32 116.7 2.3




Bng 8: Bng hi bo ha ca amoniac.

t oC

p

bar

kg/dm3

kg/m3

v

dm3/kg

v

m3/kg

h

kJ/kg

h

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg.K

s

kJ/kg.K

-75 7.5142 -02 0.7311 7.8001 -02 1.3679 1.2820 +01 161.8 1645.1 1483.2 -0.4430 7.0425

-74 8.1178 -02 0.7299 8.3864 -02 1.3700 1.1924 +01 166.2 1647.0 1480.7 -0.4208 7.0144

-73 8.7622 -02 0.7288 9.0092 -02 1.3721 1.1100 +01 170.6 1648.8 1478.2 -0.3988 6.9866

-72 9.4495 -02 0.7277 9.6702 -02 1.3742 1.0341 +01 175.0 1650.7 1475.6 -0.3768 6.9592

-71 1.0182 -01 0.7265 1.0371 -01 1.3764 9.6421 +00 179.5 1652.5 1473.1 -0.3549 6.9322

-70 1.0962 -01 0.7254 1.1114 -01 1.3785 8.9976 +00 183.9 1654.4 1470.5 -0.3332 6.9055

-69 1.1792 -01 0.7243 1.1901 -01 1.3807 8.4029 +00 188.3 1656.2 1468.0 -0.3115 6.8791

-68 1.2675 -01 0.7231 1.2733 -01 1.3829 7.8535 +00 192.7 1658.1 1465.4 -0.2899 6.8531

-67 1.3612 -01 0.7220 1.3613 -01 1.3851 7.3458 +00 197.1 1659.9 1462.8 -0.2684 6.8274

-66 1.4608 -01 0.7208 1.4543 -01 1.3873 6.8760 +00 201.5 1661.8 1460.2 -0.2470 6.8021

-65 1.5664 -01 0.7197 1.5526 -01 1.3895 6.4410 +00 206.0 1663.6 1457.6 -0.2257 7770

-64 1.6784 -01 0.7185 1.6562 -01 1.3917 6.0379 +00 210.4 1665.4 1455.0 -0.2045 6.7523

-63 17970 -01 0.7174 1.7655 -01 1.3940 5.6641 +00 214.8 1667.2 14524 -0.1834 6.7278

-62 19226 -01 0.7162 1.8807 -01 1.3962 5.3172 +00 219.3 1669.0 1449.8 -0.1623 6.7037

-61 20554 -01 0.7151 2.0020 -01 1.38985 4.9950 +00 223.7 1670.8 1447.1 - 1414 6799

-60 2.1959 -01 0.7139 2.1297-01 1.4008 4.6956+00 228.1 1672.6 1444.5 -0.1205 6.6563

-59 2.3443 -01 0.7127 2.2640-01 1.4030 1.4170+00 232.6 1674.4 1441.8 -0.0997 6.6330

-58 2.5009 -01 0.7116 2.4052-01 1.4053 4.1577+00 237.0 1676.2 1439.2 -0.0790 6.6101

-57 2.6663 -01 0.7104 2.5535-01 1.4077 3.9162+00 241.5 1678.0 1436.5 -0.0584 6.5873

-56 2.8406 -01 0.7092 2.7092-01 1.4100 3.6911+00 245.9 1679.7 1433.8 -0.0379 6.5649

-55 3.0243 -01 0.7081 2.8727-01 1.4123 3.4811+00 250.4 1681.5 1431.1 -0.0174 6.5427

-54 3.2178 -01 0.7069 3.0441-01 1.4147 3.2850+00 254.8 1683.2 1428.4 0.0030 6.5207

-53 3.4214 -01 0.7057 3.2238-01 1.4170 3.1019+00 259.3 1685.0 1425.6 0.0233 6.4991

-52 3.6356 -01 0.7045 3.4121-01 1.4194 2.9308+00 263.8 1686.7 1422.9 0.0435 6.4776

-51 3.8608 -01 0.7033 3.6092-01 1.4218 27707+00 268.2 1688.4 1420.2 0.0636 6.4564

-50 4.0975 -01 0.7021 3.8155-01 1.4242 2.6209+00 272.7 1690.1 1417.4 0.0837 6.4355

-49 4.3460 -01 0.7009 4.0312-01 1.4226 2.4806+00 277.2 1691.8 1414.6 0.1037 6.4148

-48 4.6067 -01 0.6998 4.2568-01 1.4291 2.3492+00 281.7 1693.5 1411.8 0.1236 6.3943

-47 4.8803 -01 0.6986 4.4926-01 1.4315 2.2259+00 286.1 1695.2 1409.9 0.1435 6.3740

-46 5.1671 -01 0.6974 4.7388-01 1.4340 2.1103+00 290.6 1696.9 1406.2 0.1632 6.3540

-45 5.4676 -01 0.6962 -014.9958 1.4365 20017+00 295.1 1698.5 1403.4 0.1829 6.3342

-44 5.7823 -01 0.6949 5.2640-01 1.4390 1.8997+00 299.6 1700.2 1400.6 0.2026 6.3146

-43 6.1117 -01 0.6937 5.5437-01 1.4415 1.8039+00 304.1 1701.8 1397.7 0.2221 6.2952

-42 6.4563 -01 0.6925 5.8353-01 1.4440 1.7137+00 308.6 1703.4 1394.8 0.2416 6.2760

-41 6.8167 -01 0.6913 6.1391-01 1.4465 1.6289+00 313.1 1705.1 1392.0 0-2610 6.2570

-40 7.1934 -01 0.6901 6.4555-01 1.4491 1.5491+00 317.6 1706.7 1389.1 0.2803 6.2382




Bng 8: Bng hi bo ha ca amoniac (tip)

t oC

p

bar

kg/dm3

kg/m3

v

dm3/kg

v

m3/kg

h

kJ/kg

h

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg.K

s

kJ/kg.K

-39 7.5869 -01 0.6889 6.7850-01 1.4516 1.4738+00 322.1 1708.3 1386.2 0.2996 6.2196

-38 7.9977 -01 0.6877 7.1278-01 1.4542 1.4030+00 326.6 1709.9 1383.2 0.3188 6.2012

-37 8.4265 -01 0.6864 7.4845-01 14.568 1.3361+00 331.1 1711.4 1380.2 0.3379 6.1830

-36 8.8738 -01 0.6852 7.8553-01 1.4594 1.2730+00 335.7 1713.0 1377.4 0.3570 6.1849

-35 9.3402 -01 0.6840 8.2407-01 1.4621 1.2135+00 340.2 1714.6 1374.4 0.3759 6.1471

-34 9.8263 -01 0.6827 8.6411-01 1.4647 1.1573+00 344.7 1716.1 1371.4 0.3949 6.1294

-33 1.0333 +00 0.6815 9.0570-01 1.4674 1.1041+00 349.2 1717.6 1368.4 0.4137 6.1119

-32 1.0860 +00 0.6802 9.4887-01 1.4701 1.0539+00 353.7 1719.1 1365.4 0.4325 6.0946

-31 1.1409 +00 0.6790 9.9367-01 1.4726 1.0064-01 358.3 1720.7 1362.4 0.4512 6.0774

-30 1.1980 +00 0.6777 1.0402+00 1.4755 9.6140-01 362.8 1722.1 1359.3 0.4699 6.0604

-29 1.2574 +00 0.6765 1.0883+00 1.4782 9.1882-01 367.3 1723.6 1356.3 0.4884 6.0136

-28 1.3191 +00 0.6752 1.1383+00 1.4810 8.7850-01 371.9 1725.1 1353.2 0.5070 6.0269

-27 1.3833 +00 0.0740 1.1901+00 1.4837 8.4028-01 376.4 1726.5 1350.1 0.5254 6.0104

-26 1.4499 +00 0.6727 1.2437+00 1.4865 8.0404-01 381.0 1728.0 1347.0 0.5428 5.9940

-25 1.5191 +00 0.6714 1.2993+00 1.4893 7.6967-01 385.5 1729.4 1343.9 0.5621 5.9778

-24 1.5910 +00 0.6702 1.3567+00 1.4921 7.3706-01 390.1 1730.8 1340.8 0.5804 5.9617

-23 1.6655 +00 0.6689 1.4162+00 1.4950 7.0609-01 394.6 1732.2 1337.6 0.5986 5.9458

-22 1.7428 +00 0.6676 1.4778+00 1.4979 6.7668-01 399.2 1733.6 1334.4 0.6167 5.9300

-21 1.8229 +00 0.6663 1.5415+00 1.5007 6.4874-01 403.7 1735.0 1331.2 0.6347 5.9143

-20 1.9059+00 0.6651 1.6073+00 1.5036 6.2217-01 408.3 1736.3 1328.0 0.6527 5.8988

-19 1.9920+00 0.6638 1.6753+00 1.5066 5.9691-01 412.9 1737.7 1324.8 0.6707 5.8835

-18 2.0811+00 0.6625 1.7456+00 1.5095 5.7287-01 417.4 1739.0 1321.6 0.6886 5.8682

-17 2.1733+00 0.6612 1.8182+00 1.5125 5.5000-01 422.0 1740.3 1318.3 0.7064 5.8531

-16 2.2688+00 0.6599 1.8932+00 1.5154 5.2821-01 426.6 1741.6 1315.1 0.7241 5.8381

-15 2.3675+00 0.6586 1.9706+00 1.5184 5.0746-01 431.1 1742.9 1311.8 0.7418 5.8233

-14 2.4697+00 0.6573 2.0505+00 1.5215 4.6885-01 435.7 1744.2 1308.5 0.7594 5.8085

-13 2.5753+00 0.6560 2.1329+00 1.5245 4.5087-01 440.3 1745.4 1305.2 0.7770 5.7939

-12 2.6844+00 0.6546 2.2179+00 1.5276 4.3372-01 444.9 1746.7 1301.8 0.7945 5.7794

-11 2.7972+00 0.6533 2.3056+00 1.5307 4.1736-01 449.4 1747.9 1298.5 0.8119 5.7650

-10 2.9136+00 0.6520 2.3960+00 1.5338 4.0173-01 454.0 1749.1 1295.1 0.8293 5.7508

-9 3.0339+00 0.6507 2.4892+00 1.5369 3.8681-01 458.6 1750.3. 1291.7 0.8467 5.7366

-8 3.1580+00 0.6493 2.5852+00 1.5401 3.7255-01 463.2 1751.5 1288.3 0.8639 5.7226

-7 3.2861+00 0.6480 2.6842+00 1.5432 3.5893-01 467.8 1752.6 1284.8 0.8811 5.7086

-6 3.4183+00 0.6466 2.7861+00 1.5464 3.4590-01 472.4 1753.8 1281.4 0.8983 5.6948

-5 3.5546+00 0.6453 2.8910+00 1.5497 3.3344-01 477.0 1754.9 1277.9 0.9154 5.6811





t oC

p

bar

kg/dm3

kg/m3

v

dm3/kg

v

m3/kg

h

kJ/kg

h

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg.K

s

kJ/kg.K

-4 3.6951+00 0.6440 2.9990+00 1.5529 3.2152-01 481.6 1756.0 1274.4 0.9324 5.6674

-3 3.8400+00 0.6426 3.1102+00 1.5562 3.1011-01 486.2 1757.1 1270.9 0.4949 5.6539

-2 3.9892+00 0.6412 3.2246+00 1.5595 2.9919-01 490.8 1758.2 1267.4 0.9663 5.6405

-1 4.1430+00 0.6399 3.3424+00 1.5628 2.8873-01 495.4 1759.2 1263.9 0.9832 5.6272

0 4.3013+00 0.6385 3.4634+00 1.5662 2.7871-01 500.0 1760.3 1260.3 1.0000 5.6139

1 4.4643+00 0.6371 3.5880+00 1.5695 2.6911-01 504.6 1761.3 1256.7 1.0168 5.6008

2 4.6322+00 0.6358 3.7160+00 1.5729 2.5990-01 509.2 1762.3 1253.1 1.0335 5.5877

3 4.8048+00 0.6344 3.8476+00 1.5764 2.5107-01 513.8 1763.3 1249.5 1.0501 5.5748

4 4.9925+00 0.6330 3.9829+00 1.5798 2.4260-01 518.5 1764.3 1245.8 1.0667 5.5619

5 5.1652+00 0.6316 4.1219+00 1.5833 2.3448-01 523.1 1765.3 1242.2 1.0832 5.5491

6 5.3531+00 0.6302 4.2648+00 1.5868 2.2668-01 527.7 1766.2 1238.5 1.0997 5.5364

7 5.5463+00 0.6288 4.4115+00 1.5904 2.1919-01 532.3 1767.1 1234.8 1.1162 5.5238

8 5.7448+00 0.6274 4.5622+00 1.5939 2.1200-01 537.0 1768.0 1231.1 1.1326 5.5112

9 5.9487+00 0.6260 4.7169+00 1.5975 2.0510-01 541.6 1768.9 1227.5 1.1489 5.4988

10 6.15836+00 0.6245 4.8757+00 1.6012 1.9846-01 546.2 1769.8 1223.5 1.1652 5.4864

11 6.3735+00 0.6231 5.0388+00 1.6046 1.9208-01 550.9 1770.6 1229.7 1.1814 5.4741

12 6.5944+00 0.6217 5.2062+00 1.6085 1.8595-01 555.5 1771.5 15.9 1.1976 5.4618

13 6.8213+00 0.6203 5.3779+00 1.6122 1.8005-01 560.2 1772.3 12.1 1.2138 5.4497

14 7.0541+00 0.6188 5.5541+00 1.6160 1.7437-01 564.8 1773.1 1208.2 1.2299 5.4376

15 7.2929+00 0.6174 5.7349+00 1.6198 1.6891-01 569.5 1773.8 1204.4 1.2459 5.4255

16 7.5380+00 0.6159 5.9204+00 1.6236 1.6365-01 574.1 1774.6 1200.5 1.2619 5.4136

17 7.7893+00 0.6145 6.1105+00 1.6274 1.5859-01 578.8 1775.3 1196.5 1.2779 5.17

18 8.0471+00 0.6130 6.3055+00 1.6313 1.5372-01 583.5 1776.0 1192.6 1.2938 5.3899

19 8.3113+00 0.6115 6.5055+00 1.653 1.5372-01 598.1 1776.7 11.88.6 1.3097 53781

20 8.582+00 0.6101 6.7105+00 1.6392 1.4902-01 592.8 1777.4 1184.6 1.3255 5.3664

21 8.8597+00 0.6086 6.9206+00 1.6432 1.4450-01 597.5 1778.1 1180.6 1.3413 5.3548

22 9.1441+00 0.6071 7.1359+00 1.6472 1.4014-01 602.2 1778.7 1176.5 1.3070 5.3432

23 9.4354+00 0.6056 7.3566+00 1.6513 1.3593-01 609.9 1779.3 1172.4 1.3727 5.3317

24 9.7838+00 0.6041 7.5827+00 1.6354 1.3183-01 611.6 1779.9 1168.3 1.3884 5.3202

25 1.0039+01 0.6026 7.8144+00 1.6595 1.2797-01 616.3 1780.5 1164.2 1.4040 5.3098

26 1.0352+01 0.6011 8.0517+00 1.6637 1.2420-01 621.0 1781.0 1160.1 1.4196 5.2975

27 1.0672+01 0.5995 8.2948+00 1.6679 1.2056-01 625.7 1791.6 1155.9 1.4352 5.2862

28 1.1000+01 0.5980 8.5438+00 1.6722 1.1704-01 630.4 1782.1 1151.7 1.4507 5.2749

29 1.1335+01 0.5965 8.7988+00 1.6765 1.1365-01 635.1 1782.6 1147.4 1.4662 5.237

30 1.1678+01 0.5949 9.0599+00 1.6808 1.1038-01 639.9 1783.0 1143.2 1.4816 5.2525

31 1.2029+01 0.5934 9.3273+00 1.6852 1.0721-01 644.6 1783.5 1138.9 1.4970 5.2414





t oC

p

bar

kg/dm3

kg/m3

v

dm3/kg

v

m3/kg

h

kJ/kg

h

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg.K

s

kJ/kg.K

32 1.2338+01 0.5918 906010+00 1.6897 1.0416-01 649.4 1783.9 1134.5 1.5124 5.2304

33 1.2755+01 0.5903 9.8813+00 1.6941 1.0120-01 654.1 1784.3 1130.2 1.5277 5.2193

34 1.3130+01 0.5887 1.0168+01 1.6987 9.8346-02 658.9 1784.7 1125.8 1.5431 5.2084

35 1.3513+01 0.5871 1.0462+01 1.7032 9.5566-02 663.6 1785.0 1121.4 1.5584 5.1974

36 1.3905+01 0.5855 1.0762+01 1.7078 9.2916-02 668.4 1785.4 1116.9 1.5736 5.1865

37 1.3906+01 0.5839 1.1070+01 1.7125 9.0335-02 673.2 1785.7 1112.5 1.5889 5.1757

38 1.4715+01 0.5807 1.1385+01 1.7172 8.7837-02 678.0 1785.9 1107.9 1.6041 5.1648

39 1.5133+01 0.5807 1.1707+01 1.7220 8.5420-02 682.8 1786.2 1103.4 1.6192 5.1551

40 1.5559+01 0.5791 1.2037+01 1.7268 8.3080-02 687.6 1786.4 1098.8 1.6344 5.1433

41 1.5995+01 0.5775 1.2374+01 1.7317 8.0816-02 692.4 1786.8 1094.2 1.6495 5.1326

42 1.6440+01 0.5758 1.2719+01 1.7366 7.8623-02 697.3 1787.0 1089.5 1.6647 5.1219

43 1.6895+01 0.5742 1.3072+01 1.7416 7.6500-02 702.1 1787.0 1084.9 1.6798 5.1112

44 1.7358+01 0.5725 1.3433+01 1.7466 7.4443-02 707.0 1787.1 1080.1 1.6948 5.1006

45 1.7832+01 0.5709 1.3803+01 1.7517 7.2450-02 711.8 1787.2 1075.4 1.7099 5.0899

46 1.8315+01 0.5692 1.4181+01 1.7568 7.0518-02 716.7 1787.3 1070.6 1.7249 5.0794

47 1.8807+01 0.5675 1.4567+01 1.7620 6.8646-02 721.6 1787.3 1065.7 1.7400 5.0688

48 1.89310+01 0.5658 1.4963+01 1.7673 6.6832-02 726.5 1787.4 1060.8 1.7550 5.0582

49 1.9823+01 0.5641 1.5368+01 1.7726 6.5072-02 731.4 1787.3 1055.9 1.7700 5.0477

50 2.0346+01 0.5624 1.5781+01 1.7780 6.3366-02 736.4 1787.3 1051.0 1.7850 5.0372

51 2.0879+01 0.5607 1.6205+01 1.7835 6.1710-02 741.3 1787.3 1045.9 1.8000 5.0267

52 2.1423+01 0.5590 1.6638+01 1.7890 6.0104-02 746.3 1787.2 1040.9 1.8149 5.0162

53 2.1977+01 0.5572 1.7081+01 1.7946 5.8545-02 751.2 1797.0 1035.8 1.8299 5.0057

54 2.2542+01 0.5555 1.7534+01 1.8002 5.7033-02 756.2 1786.9 1030.7 1.8448 4.9953

55 2.3118+01 0.5537 1.7997+01 1.8060 5.5564-02 761.2 1786.7 1025.5 1.8598 4.9848

56 2.3705+01 0.5519 1.8471+01 1.8118 5.4138-02 766.2 1796.5 1020.2 1.8748 4.9744

57 2.4303+01 0.5502 1.8956+01 1.8177 5.2723-02 771.3 1786.2 1015.0 1.8897 4.9639

58 2.4912+01 0.5484 1.9452+01 1.8236 5.1408-02 776.3 1786.0 1009.6 1.9047 4.9535

59 2.5532+01 0.5465 1.9959+01 1.2897 5.0101-02 781.4 1785.6 1004.2 1.9196 4.9431

60 26165+01 0.5447 2.0478+01 1.8358 4.8832-02 786.5 1785.3 998.8 1.9346 4.9326

61 2.6808+01 0.5429 2.1009+01 1.8420 4.7598-02 791.6 1784.9 993.3 1.9495 4.9222

62 2.7464+01 0.54.10 2.1553+01 1.8483 4.6398-02 796.7 1794.5 987.8 1.9645 4.9117

63 2.8131+01 0.5392 2.1108+01 1.8547 4.5232-02 801.9 1784.1 982.2 1.9795 4.9013

64 2.8811+01 0.5373 2.2677+01 1.8611 4.4098-02 807.1 1783.6 976.5 1.9945 4.8908

65 2.9503+01 0.5354 2.3259+01 1.8677 4.2995-02 812.3 1783.0 970.8 2.0095 4.8803

66 3.0207+01 0.5335 2.3854+01 1.8744 4.1922-02 817.5 1782.5 965.0 2.0245 4.8698

67 3.0924+01 0.5316 2.4463+01 1.8811 4.0378-02 822.7 1781.9 959.2 2.0395 4.8593





t oC

p

bar

kg/dm3

kg/m3

v

dm3/kg

v

m3/kg

h

kJ/kg

h

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg.K

s

kJ/kg.K

68 3.1654+01 0.5297 2.0587+01 1.8889 3.9862-02 828.0 1781.2 953.3 2.0515 4.8488

69 3.2396+01 0.5277 2.5725+01 1.8949 3.0873-02 833.3 1780.6 947.3 2.0696 4.8383

70 3.3151+01 0.5256 2.6378+01 1.9020 3.7911-02 838.6 1779.8 941.3 2.0847 4.8277

71 3.3991+01 0.5238 2.7046+01 1.9092 3.6974-02 843.9 1779.1 935.1 2.0998 4.8171

72 3.4701+01 0.5218 2.7731+01 1.9165 3.6061-02 849.3 1778.3 929.0 2.1149 4.8061

73 3.5496+01 0.5193 2.8432+01 1.9239 3.5172-02 854.7 1777.4 2922.7 2.1301 4.7958

74 3.6304+01 0.5177 2.911+01 1.9315 3.4306-02 860.1 1776.3 916.4 2.1453 4.7851

75 3.7127+01 0.5157 2.9384+01 1.9319 3.3463-02 865.5 1775.5 910.0 2.1605 4.7753

76 3.7963+01 0.5136 3.0637+01 1.9469 3.2640-02 871.0 1774.5 903.5 2.1758 4.7635

77 3.8813+01 0.5116 3.1403+01 1.9548 3.1839-02 876.5 1773.5 897.0 2.1911 4.7527

78 3.9677+01 0.5094 3.2198+01 1.9629 3.1057-02 882.1 1772.4 890.3 2.2064 4.7418

79 4.0556+01 0.5073 3.3008+01 1.9711 3.0296-02 887.7 1771.3 883.6 2.2218 4.7309

80 4.1449+01 0-5052 3.3838+01 1.9795 2.9553-02 893.3 1770.0 876.8 2.2372 4.7199

85 4.6137+01 0.4941 3.8315+01 2.0237 2.6100-02 921.9 1763.2 841.2 2.3151 4.6639

90 5.1212+01 0.4825 4.3412+01 2.0727 2.3035-02 951.6 1754.7 803.0 2.3946 4.6059

95 5.6693+01 0.4701 4.9258+01 2.1274 2.0301-02 982.5 1744.2 761.7 2.4760 4.5449

100 6.2603+01 0.4567 5.6030+01 2.185 1.7848-02 1014.9 1731.4 761.5 2.5599 4.4800

105 6.8964+01 0.4422 6.3984+01 2.2613 1.5629-02 1049.1 1715.7 666.6 2.6471 4.4099

110 7.5798+01 0.4262 7.3507+01 2.3462 1.3604-02 1035.4 1696.2 610.8 2.7384 4.3325

115 8.3131+01 0.4081 8.5239+01 2.4505 1.1732-02 1124.6 1671.5 546.9 2.8354 4.2443

120 9.0987+01 0.4867 1.0037+02 2.5859 9.9629-03 1167.7 1639.0 471.3 2.9406 4.1395

125 9.9391+01 0.4596 1.2163+02 2.7812 8.2216-03 1216.9 1593.3 376.4 2.0594 4.0047

130 1.0837+02 0.4170 1.5849+02 3.1544 16.3096-03 1281.0 1517.0 236.0 2.2126 3.7981

V d cch tra s liu: p = 7.5142 - 0.2bar = 7.514210-2 = 0.075142 bar

s = 0.7311 kg/ dm3 = 0.7311 kg/dm3

k hiu: tc m thanh ca hi bo ha kh 5.4676 - 01 = 5.4676 . 10-1 = 0.5467




Bng 9: Bng hi bo ha R12

t oC

p

bar

kg/dm3

kg/m3

v

dm3/kg

v

m3/kg

h

kJ/kg

h

kJ/kg

r

kJ/kg

s

kJ/kg.K

s

kJ/kg.K

-80 6.1682-02 1.6266 4.6728-01 0.6148 2.1400+00 429.11 614.86 185.75 0.6944 1.6561

-79 6.6316-02 1.6240 4.9997-01 0.6158 2.0001+00 429.97 615.32 185.35 0.6988 1.6535

-78 7.1236-02 1.6214 5.3449-01 0.6167 1.8709+00 430.83 615.78 184.95 0.7032 1.6510

-77 7.6455-02 1.6288 5.7093-01 0.6177 1.7515+00 431.69 616.24 184.56 0.7076 1.6485

-76 8.1988-02 1.6162 6.0937-01 0.6187 1.6411+00 432.55 616.71 184.16 0.7120 1.6461

-75 8.7848-02 1.6136 6.4988-01 0.6197 15388+00 433.41 617.17 183.76 0.7163 1.6437

-74 9.4051-02 1.6110 6.9255-01 0.6207 1.4439+00 434.27 617.63 18