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CORINTHIAN ORDER
• The name "Corinthian" is derived from the ancienGreek city of Corinth
• With its offshoot the Composite, is stated to be thornate (decorative) of the orders, characterized b
slender fluted columns and elaborate capitalsdecorated with acanthus leaves and scrolls.
• the last developed of the three principal classica
of ancient Greek and Roman architecture.
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HISTORY• It is related that the original discovery of this form of capital was as follows. A
maiden of Corinth, just of marriageable age, was attacked by an illness andaway. After her burial, her nurse, collecting a few little things which used to gpleasure while she was alive, put them in a basket, carried it to the tomb, antop thereof, covering it with a roof-tile so that the things might last longer in tair. This basket happened to be placed just above the root of an acanthus.
• The acanthus root, pressed down meanwhile though it was by the weight, w
springtime came round put forth leaves and stalks in the middle, and the stagrowing up along the sides of the basket, and pressed out by the corners of through the compulsion of its weight, were forced to bend into volutes at theedges.
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HISTORY• Just then Callimachus passed
by this tomb and observed thebasket with the tender youngleaves growing round it.Delighted with the novel styleand form, he built somecolumns after that pattern for
the Corinthians, determinedtheir symmetrical proportions,and established from that timeforth the rules to be followedin finished works of theCorinthian order Vitruvius.
The origin of the Corinthian Order, Claude Perrault's Vitruvius, 1684
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HISTORY• The oldest known Corinthian column was found in the Temple of Apollo Epic
Bassae in Arcadia, built by the architect Iktinos (who with Kallikrates designedParthenon) and dated to circa 420 BC..
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PARTS• torus - Molding in the shape of a large ring, located at the base of the colum
• Modillion - Ornamental motif placed under the corona of the cornice.
• dentil - Rectangular ornament in relief.
• rosette - Ornamental motif inspired by a plant and used to decorate the ca
• volute - Ornament sculpted in spirals.
•
acanthus - Decorative pattern characterized by a series of carved leaves whrounded top is in relief.
• astragal - Molding that separates the capital of the column from the shaft.
• flute - Vertical groove along the length of the column.
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• fillet - Flat surface between the flutes.
• middle torus - Molding separating two tori.
• scotia - Concave molding located at the baseof the column.
• Crepidoma - Base upon which the buildingrests; it is composed of several levels.
• base - Lower part of the column, on which theshaft rests.
• Column
- Circular pillar supporting theentablature; it is composed of three parts: thebase, the shaft and the capital.
• Shaft - Fluted part of the column, locatedbetween the base and the capital.
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EXAMPLES
Choragic Monument of Lysicrat
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Temple of Olympian Zeus (Athen
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Rome
Pantheon, Rome (illustration) Temple of Mars
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France
Maison Carrée, Nimes The July Colum
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Portugal
Renaissance and Baroque Templo de Diana,
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Neoclassical and Beaux-Arts
St. La Salle Hall, Manila United States Cap
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Syria
Palmyra
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Ukraine
Great Lavra Belltower
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United Kingdom
University College London
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United States of America
United States Supreme Court Building