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8/16/2019 Hukum Adat Pernikahan Minangkabau Jihad

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HUKUM ADAT PERNIKAHAN BUGIS

OLEH :

Damba Putra

1212011080

FAKULTAS HUKUM

UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG

2016


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BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

Ma!ara"at I#$%#&'a m&ru(a"a# uatu ma!ara"at ma)&mu" !a#* t&r$'r' $ar' ba#!a" u"u+ ba#*a+

a$at 't'a$at+ a*ama+ ba,aa+ bu$a!a+ $a# *%-%#*a# ata $aar )' (&"&r)aa#+ ($'$'"a# mau(u#

t'#*"at &"%#%m'#!a. A$a(u# bu$a!a !a#* $'m'-'"' %-&, ba#*a I#$%#&'a a$a-a, bu$a!a !a#* $'*a-'

$ar' ,a'- "ar!a+ /'(ta $a# $a!a ma!ara"at !a#* (a$a "!ataa##!a &ba*a' u)u$ a"t''ta $a-am

ua,a m&mu,' tu#tuta# "&butu,a# !a#* ma"'# m$&a".

Tata #'-a' "&,'$u(a# ma!ara"at a$a-a, &mua a"t''ta !a#* t&r/&rm'# $a-am "&,'$u(a# ma!ara"at.

M*'#*at b&ar#!a (&ra#a# bu$a!a $a-am (*&mba#*a# "&,'$u(a# b&rba#*a $a# b&r#&*ara+ ma"a

ba#*a I#$%#&'a t&ru b&rua,a u#tu" m**a-' $a# m*&mba#*"a# "&bu$a!aa# !a#* t&r&bar $'

b&rba*a' $a&ra, !a#* m&ru(a"a# bu"t' "&"a!aa# bu$a!a #a'%#a- &ba*a' '$t'ta ba#*a I#$%#&'a

$' $u#'a '#t&r#a'%#a-.

I#$%#&'a a$a-a, #&*ara "&(u-aua# !a#* t&r-&ta" (a$a *ar' ",atu-'t'a+ $' a#tara amu$&ra -auta#

t&$u, $a# amu$&ra I#$%#&'a. P$u$u"#!a b&raa- $ar' (u-au(u-au !a#* b&ra#&"a ra*am a$at

bu$a!a $a# ,u"um a$at#!a. M&"' $&m'"'a# b&rb&$a+#amu# rum(u# aa-#!a a$a-a, atu !a'tu ba#*a

m&-a!u (urba.

P&rb&$aa# Su"u+ 3a#*a+ A*ama $a# a$at 't'a$at -&b', $'"&mba#*"a# %-&, atu '"ata# (&r"a'#a#

$'"a-a#*a# ma!ara"at ,'#**a m&mbtu" "&,'$u(a# "&-uar*a.

P&r"a'#a# t'$a"-a, &mata (r'ba$' !a#* m&-a"u"a##!a+ "&,'$u(a# b&r"&-uar*a t&r)a$' -&at

(&r"a'#a# !a#* a,+ ba'" murut ,u"um a*ama mau(u# "&ttua# (&ru#$a#*u#$a#*a# !a#*

b&r-a"u. Dar' '#' a"a# t&r/'(ta "&,'$u(a# !a#* ,arm%#'+ ttram+ $a# &)a,t&ra -a,'r bat,'# !a#*

$'$amba"a# %-&, &t'a( '#a# !a#* #%rma-. P&r#'"a,a# $a-am I-am m&ru(a"a# 'tra, ma#u'a a*ar

&%ra#* mu-'m $a(at m&m'"u- ama#at ta#**u#* )aab#!a !a#* (a-'#* b&ar $a-am $'r'#!a t&r,a$a(

%ra#* !a#* (a-'#* b&r,a" m$a(at ($'$'"a# $a# (&m&-',araa#. P&r#'"a,a# m&m'-'"' ma#aat !a#*

(a-'#* b&ar t&r,a$a( "&(t'#*a#"&(t'#*a# %'a- -a'##!a. K&(t'#*a# %'a- 'tu a$a-a,

m&m&-',ara "&-a#*u#*a# )' ma#u'a + m&m&-',ara "&turu#a#+ m)a*a "&&-amata# ma!ara"at

$ar' &*a-a ma/am (!a"'t !a#* $a(at m&mba,a!a"a# "&,'$u(a# ma#u'a &rta m)a*a

"&tt&rama# )'a.

U(a/ara (&r#'"a,a# &/ara tra$''%#a- $'-a"u"a# murut atura#atura# a$at &t&m(at. I#$%#&'a

m&m'-'"' ba#!a" &"a-' u"u !a#* ma'#*ma'#* m&m'-'"' tra$'' u(a/ara (&r#'"a,a# $'r'. Da-am

uatu (&r#'"a,a# /am(ura#+ (*a#t'# b'aa#!a m&m'-', a-a, atu a$at+ atau a$a "a-a#!a (u-a "&$uaa$at 'tu $'(&r*u#a"a# $a-am a/ara !a#* t&r('a,.


3/16

A$at 't'a$at (&r"a'#a# uatu $a&ra,+ &-a'# m&muat atura#atura# $*a# 'a(a &&%ra#* b%-&,

m&-a"u"a# (&r"a'#a#+ b&r'' tata /ara $a# ta,a(a# !a#* ,aru $'-a-u' %-&, (aa#*a# (*a#t'# $a#

(',a"(',a" !a#* t&r-'bat $'$a-am#!a &,'#**a (&r"a'#a# '#' $a(at (*aba,a# $ar' ma!ara"at+

tata /ara ra#*"a'a# a$at (&r"a'#a# 'tu t&ra#*"at $a-am uatu rt&ta# "&*'ata# u(a/ara (&r"a'#a#.

U(a/ara 'tu $'r' $'art'"a# &ba*a' t'#*"a, -a"u r&m' !a#* $'bu"u"a# u#tu" (&r't'a(&r't'a

!a#* t'$a" $'tu)u"a# (a$a "&*'ata# t&"#' &,ar',ar'+ a"a# t&ta(' m&m(u#!a' "a'ta# $*a#

"&(&r/a!aa# $'-uar "&"uaaa# ma#u'a. O-&, "ara 'tu $a-am &t'a( u(a/ara (&r"a'#a# "&$ua

m&m(&-a' $'tam('-"a# &/ara 't'm&a+ $'-*"a(' tata r'a a)a,+ tata r'a a#**u-+ &rta tata r'aa

bua#a !a#* -*"a( $*a# b&rba*a' a$at 't'a$at &b&-um (&r"a'#a# $a# &u$a,#!a.

Ma!ara"at 3a"u#* $a-am 't&m (&r"a'#a# b&rba*a' ma/am u(a/ara &ba*a' (*u"u,a# #%rma

#%rma %'a- !a#* b&r-a"u $a-am m*&mba#*"a#

tra$'' u(a/ara (&r"a'#a# b&r$aar"a# ata a$at. Pa$a umu#!a &b&-um $' -a"u"a# (&r"a'#a# ,aru

a$a mu!aara, "&$ua b&-a, (',a" u#tu" mtu"a# a$at a(a !a#* #a#t'#!a a"a# $'(a"a'.


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BAB II

PEMBAHASAN

P&-'t'a# '#' m**u#a"a# b&b&ra(a "%#&( t&%r'+ !a"#' t&%r' tta#* (&r#'"a,a#+ (&r#'"a,a# $a-am

'-am+ !arat!arat $a# aaaa (&r"a'#a#+ a$at $a# ,u"um a$at $a# t&%r' tta#* #'-a'. A$a(u#

$&"r'(' t&%r' !a#* t&-a, $'&but"a# $'ata a$a-a, &ba*a' b&r'"ut.

Pertama t&%r' tta#* (&r#'"a,a#. P&r#'"a,a# m&ru(a"a# b&ratu#!a &%ra#* (r'a $*a# &%ra#*

a#'ta &ba*a' uam' 'tr' u#tu" m&mbtu" "&-uar*a. Pa$a umum#!a ma'#*ma'#* (',a" t&-a,

m&m(u#!a' (r'ba$' $'r'+ (r'ba$'#!a t&-a, m&mbtu" . O-&, "ara 'tu u#tu" $a(at m!atu"a#

atu $*a# !a#* -a'# (&r-u a$a#!a a-'#* (!&ua'a#+ a-'#* (*%rba#a#+ a-'#* (*&rt'a#+ $a# ,a-

t&r&but ,aru $'a$ar' barbar %-&, "&$ua (',a" !a'tu %-&, uam' 'tr'.

Murut 3'm% 4a-*'t% 5 2000: 11 + m*&mu"a"a# ba,a (&r#'"a,a# a$a-a, : u(a!a !a#* $'-a"u"a#

&(aa#* ma",-u" ,'$u( b&r-aa#a# )' u#tu" m&m(&r%-&, "&turu#a# $&m' m&-&tar'"a#

*%-%#*a##!a $'ata mu"a bum' '#'. P&r#'"a,a# ba*' ma#u'a m&ru(a"a# ,a- !a#* a"ra-+ a#*at

$'a#)ur"a# %-&, a*ama $'atur %-&, u#$a#*u#$a#* (&r#'"a,a# $a# ttu#!a a*ar &%ra#* ma#u'a

!a#* m&ma#* $'/'(ta"a# b&r(aa#*(aa#*a# t'$a" ,'$u( $'r'. P&r"a'#a# )u*a m&ru("a# '"ata#

-a,'r bat,'# a#tara &%ra#* (r'a $*a# &%ra#* a#'ta &ba*a' uam' 't&r' $*a# tu)ua# m&mbtu"

"&-uar*a 5ruma, ta#**a !a#* ba,a*'a $a# "&"a- b&r$aar"a# K&tu,a#a# 7a#* Ma,a Ea. Da-am

E#'"-%(&$'a I#$%#&'a 5t.t. 5$a-am 3'm% 4a-*'t% 2000:11 (&r"ataa# (&r"a'#a# #'"a, 9 $''' -a'#

Pura$arm'#ta 51;6 5$a-am 3'm% 4a-*'t% 2000:11 "a'# (&r)a$%,a# -a"'-a"' $a# (&r&m(ua#

m)a$' uam' 't&r'9 (&r"a'#a# (&r#'"a,a# . S&$a#*"a# murut H%r#b! 51


5/16

m&-a"a#a"a# u(a/ara (&r"a'#a#. S&mtara 'tu+ 't'-a, (&r"a'#a# $a-am ba,aa 3u*' $'&but

'a-a !a#* b&rart' a-'#* m*amb'- atu ama -a'#. D*a# $&m'"'a#+ (&r"a'#a# a$a-a, '"ata#

t'mba- ba-'" a#tara $ua '#a# !a#* b&r-a'#a# )' "&-am'# u#tu" m)a-'# &bua, "&m'traa#. Murut

't'-a, (&r"a'#a# $a(at )u*a $'&but 'abb'#C#* $ar' "ata b'#C !a#* b&rart' b', (a$'. Da-am tata

ba,aa 3u*'+ "ata b'#C )'"a m$a(at aa-a# maB m)a$' mabb'#C b&rart' ma#am b',. Kata

b'#C atau mabb'#C '#' m&m'-'"' "&$&"ata# bu#!' $a# ma"#a $*a# "ata ba'#C 5'tr' atau mabba'#C

5b&r'tr'. Ma"a $a-am "%#t&" '#'+ "ata 'abb'#C#* m*a#$u#* ma"#a ma#am b', $a-am

"&,'$u(a# ruma, ta#**a.

S&mtara 'tu Murut U#$a#*u#$a#* R&(ub-'" I#$%#&'a N%m%r 1 ta,u# 1; (aa- 1 5 $a-am L'-'

Ra)'$' 11:< $'rumu"a# ba,a (&r#'"a,a# 'tu a$a-a, :B... '"ata# -a,'r bat'# a#tara &%ra#* (r'a

$*a# &%ra#* a#'ta &ba*a' uam' 'tr' $*a# tu)ua# m&mbtu" "&-uar*a 5ruma, ta#**a !a#*

ba,a*'a $a# "&"a- b&r$aar"a# "&tu,a#a# 7a#* Ma,a Ea.B3a,a '"ata# bat'# m&ru(a"a# ,a- (t'#*

$ar' (&r"a'#a# mu)u"a# ba,a murut u#$a#*u#$a#* '#'+ tu)ua# (&r"a'#a# bu"a#-a, &mata

mata u#tu" m&mu,' ,aa #au. P&r"a'#a# $' (a#$a#* &ba*a' uatu ua,a u#tu" m&u)u$"a#

"&,'$u(a# !a#* b&rba,a*'a b&r-a#$a"a# K&tu,a#a# 7a#* Ma,a Ea. O-&, "ara 'tu+ u#tu" ma"u$

t&r&but $'(&r-u"a# a$a#!a (&ratura# $a-am mtu"a# (&r!arata# a(a !a#* ,aru $'(u,' u#tu"

$'-a#*u#*"a# (&r"a'#a# 'tu $'am('#* (&ratura# tta#* "&-a#)uta# &rta t&r(utu#!a (&r"a'#a#

'tu. S&bab +$*a# t'$a" a$a#!a (&ratura# t&r&but a"a# u"ar-a, a(a !a#* m)a$' tu)ua# utama

$'-a#*u#*"a##!a 'tu &ba*a'ma#a !a#* t&-a, $'&but $'ata.

3&r$aar"a# (*&rt'a# tta#* (&r#'"a,a# $'ata $a(at 'm(u-"a# ba,a (&r#'"a,a# m&ru(a"a#

&uatu !a#* u/' + &uatu !a#* $'a#**a( -u,ur u#tu" $'-a"u"a#. O-&, "ara 'tu + "a-au &&%ra#*

,$a" m&-a#*u#*"a# (&r#'"a,a# $*a# tu)ua# !a#* 'at#!a &mtara a)a &%-a,%-a, &ba*a'

t'#$a"a# (&rma'#a# + a*ama I-am t'$a" m&m(&r"a#"a##!a. P&r#'"a,a# ,$a"#!a

$'#'-a' &ba*a' &uatu !a#* u/' !a#* ,a#!a ,$a" $'-a"u"a# a#tara &%ra#* a#'ta $*a# &%ra#*

(r'a &ba*a' uam' 'tr' $*a# tu)ua# m&mbtu" "&-uar*a 5ruma, ta#**a !a#* ba,a*'a $a# "&"a-

b&r$aar"a# K&tu,a#a# 7a#* Ma,a Ea.

Kedua t&%r' tta#* (&r#'"a,a# $a-am I-am. P&r#'"a,a# $a-am &*' a*ama I-am+ !arat a,

(&r#'"a,a# (t'#* &"a-' t&rutama u#tu" mtu"a# &)a" "a(a# &(aa#* (r'a $a# a#'ta 'tu

$',a-a-"a# m&-a"u"a# ,ubu#*a# &"ua- &,'#**a t&rb&ba $ar' (&r'#aa#. '#a m&ru(a"a# (&rbuata#

!a#* a#*at "%t%r $a# $a(at m&rua" "&,'$u(a# ma#u'a.

L&b', -a#)ut Mu,amma$ Ab$u- Ham'$ 5 200 : ; b&r($a(at ba,a (&r#'"a,a# m&ru(a"a# a-a,

atu ,u"um a-am "&,'$u(a# !a#* t'$a" a'#* -a*' $a-am $u#'a ma#u'a+ ,aa# $a#

tumbu,a#.P&r#'"a,a# m&ru(a"a# ara#a !a#* t&-a, $'('-', A--a, u#tu" m)am'# a$a#!a "&turu#a#

$a# "&-a#*u#*a# (&'& ma#u'a+ &t&-a, A--a, m/'(ta"a# (r'a $a# a#'ta $a# m&-*"a('#!a


6/16

$*a# %r*a# (u#)a#*#!a. S&-a'# 'tu+ a*ar (r'a $a# a#'ta m)a-a#"a# (&ra##!a ma'#*ma'#*

$&m' m&u)u$"a# tu)ua# !a#* mu-'a .A--a, t'$a" m*'#*'#"a# ,ubu#*a# a-am' a#tara (r'a $a#

a#'ta ta#(a atura# &(&rt' ,a-#!a ma",-u"ma",-u" &-a'# ma#u'a. S&,'#**a #a-ur' "&$ua#!a b&ba

-&(a ta#(a "$a-' $a# bata. Kara ,a- $&m'"'a# a"a# m!&bab"a# t&r)a$'#!a "&'m(a#* 'ura#

#aab $a# t&r#%$a'#!a "&,%rmata# $a# (a$a *'-'ra##!a a"a# -!a(-a, '#t'tu' "&-uar*a $a#

ma!ara"at. A--a, t&-a, m&ta("a# atura# !a#* &ua'9 atura# !a#* $a(at m&m&-',ara "&mu-'aa#

ma#u'a $a# m)a*a "&,%rmata# &rta "&-a#*u#*a# (&'& ma#u'a. Kara#!a+ A--a,

m!ar' at"a# (&r#'"a,a# $a# m&-*"a('#!a $*a# b&rba*a' atura# !a#* $a(at m&m&-',ara‟

"&,%rmata# $a# a*ama &(aa#* '#a#.

S&-a#)ut#!a Ka&-a#! 52000:1> m*art'"a# #'"a, atau (&r"a'#a# a$a-a, a"a$ a#tara /a-%# uam'

'tr' u#tu" m&mu,' ,a)at )'#!a murut !a#* $' atur %-&, !ar' a,. D*a# a"a$ 'tu "&$ua /a-%#‟

a"a# $' (&rb%-&,"a# b&r*au- &ba*a' uam' 'tr'. A"a$ 'a-a, ')ab $ar' (',a" a-' (&r&m(ua# atau

a"'-#!a $a# "abu- $ar' (',a" /a-%# uam' atau a"'-#!a.

K&mu$'a# Su-a'ma# Ra!'$ 518;:>8 m$&'#''"a# ba,a #'"a, a$a-a,: Sa-a, atu aa (%"%"

,'$u( !a#* t&rutama $a-am (&r*au-a# atau ma!ara"at !a#* &m(ur#a. 3u"a# a)a (&r"a'#a# 'tu

atu )a-a# !a#* amat mu-'a u#tu" m*atur "&,'$u(a# ruma, ta#**a $a# "&turu#a#+ t&ta(' (&r"a'#a#

'tu $a(at $'(a#$a#* &ba*a' uatu )a-a# mu)u ('#tu (&r"a-a# 'tu a"a# m)a$' )a-a# buat

m!am(a'"a# b&rt%-%#*t%-%#*a#

a#tara atu $*a# !a#* -a'##!a.S&bar#!a (&rta-'a# m'"a, a$a-a, (&rta-'a# !a#* &t&*u,

t&*u,#!a $a-am ,'$u( $a# "&,'$u(a# ma#u'a+ bu"a# a)a uam' 'tr' $a# turu#a#+ ba,"a# a#tara $ua

"&-uar*a. 3&ta(a t'$a" Dar' &bab ba'"#!a (&r*au-a# a#tara ' 'tr' $*a# uam'#!a+ "a',

m*a','+ a"a# b&r('#$a-a, "&ba'"a# 'tu "&(a$a &mua "&-uar*a $ar' "&$ua b&-a, (',a"#!a+

&,'#**a m&r&"a m)a$' atu $a-am &*a-a urua# b&rt%-%#*m%-%#* &ama#!a $a-am

m)a-a#"a# "&ba'"a# $a# m)a*a &*a-a "&)a,ata# &-a'# 'tu+ $*a# (&r"a'#a# &&%ra#* a"a#

t&r(&-',ara $ar' "&b'#aaa# ,aa #au#!a.

D''' -a'# Abu urr%, 51;:1


7/16

Dar' b&b&ra(a ($a(at $'ata $a(at $''m(u-"a# ba,a A*ama I-am m**u#a"a# tra$''

(&r"a'#a# !a#* &$&r,a#a+ $*a# tu)ua# a*ar &&%ra#* t'$a" t&r)&ba" atau t&r)&rumu "& $a-am

(&r'#aa#. P&r"a'#a# a$a-a, a, a(ab'-a $'-a"u"a# murut ,u"um ma'#*ma'#* a*ama $a#

"&(&r/a!aa##!a. Sa-a, atu tata /ara (&r"a'#a# a$at !a#* ma', "&-',ata# am(a' aat '#' a$a-a,

(&r"a'#a# !a#* t'$a" $'/atat"a# (a$a (&)abat !a#* b&ra#* atau $'&but #'"a, 'r'. P&r"a'#a#

'#' ,a#!a $'-a"a#a"a# $'$&(a# (*,u-u atau a,-' a*ama $*a# m&mu,' !ar'at I-am &,'#**a

(&r"a'#a# '#' t'$a" am(a' $'/atat"a# $' "a#t%r !a#* b&ra#* u#tu" 'tu.

Ketiga t&%r' tta#* !arat!arat (&r"a'#a# $a# aa,u"um (&r"a'#a#.

1. Syarat-syarat Perkawinan Yaitu

a. Tu)ua# (&r"a'#a# a$a-a, m&mba#tu "&-uar*a !a#* ba,a*'a $a# m&-*"a(' a*ar ma'#*ma'#*

$a(at m*&mba#*"a# "&(&r'ba$'a##!a m&mba#tu $a# m/a(a' "&&)a,t&raa# ('r'tua-.

b. Da-am u#$a#*u#$a#* '#' $'#!ata"a# ba,a uatu (&r#'"a,a# a$a-a, b'-a ma#a $'-a"u"a#

murut ,u"um ma'#*ma'#* a*ama#!a $a# "&(&r/a!aa##!a 'tu $a#+ $' am('#* 'tu+ t'a(t'a(

(&r"a'#a# ,aru $' /atat murut (&ratura# (&ru#$a#*u#$a#*a# !a#* b&r-a"u.

/. U#$a#*u#$a#* 'tu m*a#ut aa m%#%*am'. Ha#!a a(ab'-a, $' "&,$a"' %-&, !a#*

b&ra#*"uta# "ara ,u"um $a# a*ama $ar' b&ra#*"uta# m*''#"a##!a+ &&%ra#* uam' $a(at

b&r'tr' $ar' &&%ra#*. Namu# (&r"a'#a# &&%ra#* uam' $*a# -&b', $ar' &%ra#* 'tr'+ m&"'(u#

,a- 'tu $'"&,$a"' %-&, (',a"(',a" b&ra#*"uta#+ ,a#!a $a(at $'-a"u"a# a(ab'-a, $'(u,' b&rba*a'

(&r!arata# t&rttu $a# $'(utu"a# %-&, (*a$'-a#.

$. U#$a#*u#$a#* '#' m*a#ut (r'#'( ba,a uam''tr' 'tu ,aru t&-a, maa" )'a ra*a#!a u#tu"

$a(at m&-a#*u#*"a# (&r"a'#a# a*ar $a(at m&u)u$"a# tu)ua# (&r"a'#a# &/ara ba'" ta#(a

b&ra",'r (a$a (&r/&ra'a# $a# $a(at "&turua# !a#* ba'" $a# &,at.

&. Kara tu)ua# (&r"a'#a# a$a-a, u#tu" m&mbtu" "&-uar*a !a#* ba,a*'a+ "&"a-+ $a# &)a,t&ra

ma"a u#$a#*u#$a#* '#' m*a#ut (r'#'( u#tu" m&m(&ru"ar t&r)a$'#!a (&r/&ra'a#.

. Ha" $a# "&$u$u"a# 'tr' &'mba#* $*a# ,a" $a# "&$u$u"a# uam'+ba'" $a-am "&,'$u(a# ruma,

ta#**a mau(u# $a-am (&r*au-a# ma!ara"at &,'#**a $&m'"'a# &*a-a &uatu $' $a-am "&-uar*a

$a(at $'ru#$'#*"a# $a# $'(utu"a# b&rama %-&, uam' 'tr'.

!. Asas-asas "uku# Perkawinan

a. K&u"ar&-aa#

K&u"ar&-aa# m&ru(a"a# ata t&r(t'#* (&r"a'#a# '-am. K&u"ar&-aa# 'tu t'$a" ,a#!a ,arut&r$a(at a#tara "&$ua /a-%# uam' 'tr'+ t&ta(' )u*a a#tara "&$ua %ra#* tua+ "&$ua b&-a (',a".


8/16

b. P&r&tu)ua# "&$ua b&-a, (',a"

P&r&tu)aua# "&$ua b&-a, (',a" m&ru(a"a# "%#&"u' -%*' ata aa (&rtama ta$'. I#' b&rart' ba,a

t'$a" b%-&, a$a (a"aa# $a-am m&-a#*u#*"a# (&r"a'#a# . P&r&tu)ua# &%ra#* *a$' u#tu"

$'#'"a,"a# &%ra#* (&mu$a + m'a-#!a+ ,aru $'m'#ta -&b', $a,u-u %-&, a-' atau %ra#* tua#!a.

/. K&b&baa# m&m'-',

K&b&baaa# m&m'-', (aa#*a#+ )u*a $'&but"a# $a-am u##a, #ab' $' /&r'ta"a# %-&, 'b#u abba

ba,a (a$a uatu "&t'"a &%ra#* *a$' b&r#ama )ar'!a, m*,a$a( rau--a, $a# m!ata"a# ba,a

'a t&-a, $'"a'#"a# %-&, a!a,#!a $*a# &&%ra#* !a#* t'$a" $uu"a'#!a. S&t&-a, m$*ar

(*a$ua# 'tu+ #ab' m&*a"a# ba,a )ar'!a $a(at m&m'-', u#tu" muru"a# (&r"a'#a# $*a#

%ra#* !a#* t'$a" $'u"a'#!a 'tu atau m&m'#ta u(a!a (&r"a'#a##!a $'bata-"a# u#tu" $a(at m&m'-',

(aa#*a# $a# "a'# $*a# %ra#* -a'# !a#* $' u"a'#!a.

$. K&m'traa# uam''tr'

K&m'traa# uam''tr' $*a# tu*a $a# u#*' !a#* b&rb&$a "&ra (&rb&$aa# "%$rat. K&m'traa# '#'

m!&bab"a# "&$u$u"a# uam''tr' $a-am b&b&ra(a ,a- ama+ $a-am ,a- !a#* -a'# b&rb&$a: uam'

m)a$'

"&(a-a "&-uar*a+'tr' m)a$' "&(a-a $a# (a**u#* )aab (*atura# ruma, ta#**a.

&. U#tu" &-ama-ama#!a

U#tu" &-ama-ama#!a mu)u"a# ba,a (&r"a'#a# $'-a"a#a"a# u#tu" m&-a#*u#*"a# "&turu#a#

$a# m&mb'#a /'#ta &rta "a', a!a#* &-ama ,'$u( 5.S A-Rum.

. M%#%*am' T&rbu"a

D''m(u-"a# $ar' a-ur a# urat A-N'a 5 a!at 12. D' $a-am a!at > $'#!ata"a ba,a &%ra#* (r'a‟

mu-'m $'b%-&,"a# atau b%-&, b&r'r' -&b', $ar' &%ra#*+ atau m&mu,' b&b&ra(a !arat t&rttu+ $'

a#tara#!a a$a-a, !rat mam(u b&r-a"u a$'- t&r,a$a( &mua a#'ta !a#* m)a$' 'tr'#!a.

$. Huku# Perkawinan

a. 4a)'b

4a)'b ba*' %ra#* !a#* t&-a, a#**u( "a'#. Sa#**u( $a-am (*&rt'a# $a,'r+ !a'tu a"t%r &"%#%m'.

Da# a(ab'-a 'a $'",aat'r"a# b'a t&r)&rumu "&$a-am "&ma"'ata# 5b&r'#a+ &bab "&butu,a#

b'%-%*'+ "a', a!a#* /'#ta+ a$a-a, 'tra '#a#'a+ t'$a" b'a $'t%-a".

b. Su##a,


9/16

Hu"um#!a u##a, ba*' %ra#* !a#* m&m'-'"' "&a#**u(a# "a'# #amu# 'a (u# a#**u(

m&m&-',araa# $'r' $ar' (&rbuata# ma"'at. M&-',at a"ta t&r&but+ a-au(u# ,u"um#!a u##a,+

#amu# &ba'"#!a (u# &*&ra $'"&r)a"a# m*'#*at $ata#*#!a 't#a, "ara a#'ta $''barat"a# &(&rt'

t%( m%$&- !a#* &r'#* mar'" ba*' -a"'-a"' mau(u# $'r'#!a (u# m&m'-'"' "&butu,a# &ru(a

t&r,a$a( -aa# )'#!a.

/. Ma"ru,

3a*' m&r&"a !a#* t'$a" m&m'-'"' "&a#**u(a# u#tu" "a'#+ &/ara ,u"um $'bar"a# m&r&"a

m'"a,+ ,a#!a $'",aat'r"a# ta" mam(u m&mb'#a ruma, ta#**a &/ara ar' $a# b')a"a#a. U#tu"

ba'"#!a m&m(&r'a("a# $'r' $a,u-u+ t&rutama $a-am m%$a- a*ama+ m%$a- "&'ma#a#+ a$a-a, umb&r

"&"uata# $a# umb&r '#('ra'.

$. Haram

3%-&, )a$' %ra#* !a#* b&-um (u#!a !arat!arat a(aa(a + ba'" 'ma# mau(u# #a"a,+ b'a )u*a !a#*

t&-a, m&mu,' !arat &"%#%m'+#amu# $'",aat'r"a# m&mba,a!a"a# )'a 'tr' atau uam'#!a 5 a-a,

atu (',a" + $a-am ruma, ta#**a.

Keempat t&%r' tta#* a$at $a# ,u"um a$at 't&m #'-a' bu$a!a+ (a#$a#*a# ,'$u( $a# '$&%-%*'+ 't&m

#'-a' bu$a!a '#' m&ru(a"a# t'#*"at !a#* (a-'#* t'#**' $a# abtra" $ar' a$at 't'a$at. ,a- 'tu $'

&bab"a# "ara #'-a'#'-a' bu$a!a 'tu m&ru(a"a# "%#&("%#&( m*a' a(a !a#* ,'$u( $a-am

a-am ('"'ra#+ &ba*'a# b&ar $ar' ar*a ma!ara"at m*a' a(a !a#* m&r&"a a#**a( b&r#'-a'+

b&r,ar*a+ $a# (t'#* $a-am ,'$u(+ $a(at b&ru#*' &ba*a' uatu (&$%ma# !a#* m&mb&r' ara, $a#

%r'ta' "&(a$a "&,'$u(a# (ara ar*a ma!ara"at.

Ab$u- !a#' 51


10/16

D''' -a'# Da?'$ 3&rr! 5 18> 5$a-am Ab$u- !a#' 1


11/16

Undang Dasar itu berlaku juga hukum dasar yang tidak tertulis ialah aturan-aturan dasar yang

timbul dan terpelihara dalam praktik penyelenggaraan negara, meskipun tidak tertulis”

S&ua' $*a# 'at $*a# /'r' utama ,u"um a$at !a#* tu$a" t&rtu-' $a-am art' t'$a" $'u#$a#*"a#

$a-am btu" (&ru#$a#*a# (&ratura#+ ,u"um a$at tumbu, $a# b&r"&mba#* &rta b&rurat a"ar (a$a"&bu$a!aa# tra$''%#a- &ba*a' (&raaa# ,u"um ra"!at !a#* #!ata 5$a-am S%&r!a+ 1>:


12/16

Murut E--! S&t'a$' 5200;:116 #'-a' b&r,ubu#*a# &rat $*a# "&*'ata# ma#u'a m'-a'. M'-a'

b&rart' m'mba#*+ !a'tu "&*'ata# ma#u'a m*,ubu#*"a# &uatu $*a# &uatu !a#* -a'# + !a#*

&-a#)ut#!a $'amb'- uatu "&(utua# . K&(utua# #'-a' $a(at m!ata"a# b&r*u#a atau t'$a" b&r*u#a+

bar atau t'$a" bar+ ba'" atau buru"+ ma#u'a' t'$a" ma#u'a'+ r&-'*'u atau t'$a" r&-'*'u.

P'-a'a# '#' $',ubu#*"a# $*a# u#uru#ur atau ,a- !a#* a$a (a$a ma#u'a +&(&rt' )ama#'+ /'(ta+

raa+ $a# "&!a"'#a#. S&uatu $'(a#$a#* b&r#'-a' "ara &uatu 'tu b&r*u#a+ ma"a $'&but #'-a'

"&*u#aa#+ b'-a bar $'(a#$a#* b&r#'-a' ma"a $'&but #'-a' "&bara# +'#$a, $'(a#$a#* b&r#'-a' ma"a

$'&but #'-a' "&'#$a,a# 5 &t&t' + ba'" $'(a#$a#* b&r#'-a' ma"a $'&but #'-a' m%ra- 5 &t' + r&-'*'u

$'(a#$a#* b&r#'-a' ma"a $'&but #'-a' "&a*amaa#.

S&-a#)ut#!a E--! S&t'a$' 5200;:122+ m$&'#''"a# (*&rt'a# #'-a' u-'t u#tu" m/ar' "&'m(u-a#

!a#* "%m(r&,' a*ar m&a"'-' &t'a( "&(t'#*a# $a# b&rba*a' u$ut (a#$a#* +t&ta(' a$a ,a- !a#*

$'&(a"at' $ar' &mua (*&rt'a# #'-a' t&r&but ba,a #'-a' b&r,ubu#*a# $*a# ma#u'a+ $a#

&-a#)ut#!a #'-a' 'tu (t'#*. U#tu" m&-',at &)au, ma#a ?ar'a' (*&rt'a# #'-a' t&r&but+ t&rutama

ba*a'ma#a ,ubu#*a# a#tara &t'a( (*&rt'a# 'tu $*a# ($'$'"a#.

K&mu$'a# Ab$u- S!a#' 51:6>+ m$&'#''"a# #'-a' &ba*a' "um(u-a# (&raaa# m*a' a(a

!a#* $''#*'#"a# atau !a#* t'$a" $',ara("a# + m*a' a(a !a#* b%-&, $'-a"u"a# atau !a#* tabu

$'-a"u"a# .

A-?'# L. 3&rtra#$ 5 180 5$a-am Ab$u- S!a#' 1:6>+ m!ata"a# ba,a #'-a'#'-a' 5$a-am

(*&rt'a# (**ambara# "&/$&ru#*a# t&r,a$a( a(aa(a !a#* $'u"a' $a# a(aa(a !a#* ta"

$'u"a' a"a# "&-',ata# 't&m't&m %'a- $'(a"a' &ba*a' a-at "%#&(' $' $a-am m*a#a-''

t'#$a"a#t'#$a"a# %'a-. N'-a'#'-a' 'tu m&ru(a"a# /'r' 't&m &ba*a' uatu "&&-uru,a#+ $a# bu"a#

m&ru(a"a# &"&$ar a-a, atu ba*'a# "%m(%##!a b&-a"a#*. S&$a#*"a# "%#&( "&!a"'#a#

m&ru(a"a# "um(u-a# ('"'ra# $a# "&(&r/a!aa# t&r,a$a( uatu (a"ta !a#* b%-&, atau t'$a" b%-&, u#tu"

$'bu"t'"a# "&bara##!a. K&!a"'#a#+ a(ab'-a, t'$a" t&r/&ma,"a# &ba*a' #'-a'+ ma"a 'a t'$a" (&r-u $'

uut "&bara##!a &/ara &m('r'.

S&-a#)ut#!a murut Ab$u- S!a#' 51:6+ #'-a' !a#* $'a"u' b&rama &ba*a' ,a'- "%#&"u'+

&rat "a'ta##!a $*a# (a#$a#*a# t&r,a$a( ,ara(a# "&&)a,t&raa# b&rama $a-am ,'$u(

b&rma!ara"at. Ha- '#' b&rart' #'-a'#'-a' %'a- $a(at $'&but &ba*a' "&ttua# atau /'ta/'ta $ar'

uatu $'#'-a' ba'" $a# bar %-&, ma!ara"at -ua. N'-a'#'-a' !a#* u$a, m)a$' "&t&(ata# umum

$'a#**a( &ba*a' u"ura# "&ba'"a# atau (&$%ma# ,'$u( 5 a! % -'& !a#* /$&ru#* $'(&rta,a#"a#.

J'"a &&%ra#* b&r(&r'-a"u m!'m(am* atau b&rbuat murut u"ura# #'-a' $'r'#!a $'r'+ ma"a 'a

a"a# m&r'ma a#"' atau $'"u/'-"a# $ar' (&r*au-a# ma!ara"at &"'tar#!a. Ja$' #'-a'#'-a' %'a-

m&ru(a"a# "um(u-a# ata $aar (&raaa# b&rama 5'# *r%u( &&-'#* !a#* $a(at b&ru#*' &ba*a'

(&tu#)u" ara, $a-am ra#*"a ua,a m/a(a' tu)ua# b&rama $a-am "&,'$u(a# b&rma!ara"at.D'$a-am

(a#$a#*a# %'%-%*' + #'-a'#'-a' %'a- $a(at -a#*u#* m&m(*aru,' &*a-a a"t'?'ta '#$'?'$u atau


13/16

"&-%m(%" + t&rutama $a-am ra#*"a m!&ua'"a# $'r' $*a# #%rma#%rma !a#* a$a $a-am

ma!ara"at &"&-'-'#*#!a .

3&r$aar"a# ($a(at $'ata $a(at $''m(u-"a# P*&rt'a# #'-a' m&-'#*"u(' (&raaa# !a#* (a-'#*

b&ra,a)a $a# (a-'#* (r'm't'+ ma"a -!a(-a, (&rb&$aa# a#tara "&-a"ua# ma#u'a $a# "&-a"ua#,&a#. D*a# $&m'"'a# #'-a' $'buat m)a$' '#%#'m $*a# "&(&r-ua#+ $a# t'$a" $' b&$a"a#

"&-a"ua# mau(u# "&(&r-ua# '#$'?'$u.


14/16

BAB III

PENUTUP

P&r#'"a,a# murut %ra#* 3u*' bu"a#-a, &"&$ar u#tu" m!atu"a# "&$ua m&m(&-a' (r'a $a#

a#'ta+ t&ta(' -&b', $ar' (a$a 'tu a$a-a, u#tu" m!atu"a# $ua "&-uar*a b&ar &,'#**a t&r)a-'#

,ubu#*a# "&"&rabata# $a# ,ubu#*a# '-aturra,m' !a#* &ma"'# &rat.

P&ta (&r#'"a,a# ba*' %ra#* 3u*' bu"a# &"&$ar u(a/ara (&r)amua# b'aa + t&ta(' -&b', "&(a$a

('#*"ata# tatu %'a-. S&ma"'# m&r'a, S&bua, (&ta +ma"a &ma"'# t'#**' tatu %'a- &&%ra#*.

O-&, "ara 'tu + ta" Jara#* &bua, "&-uar*a m)a$'"a# (&ta (&r#'"a,a# &ba*a' a)a#* u#tu"

m'#*"at"a# tatu %'a- m&r&"a.

3a*' %ra#* 3u*' (r%& (&m'#a#*a# !a#* ,aru $'-a"u"a# %-&, m&m(&-a' (r'a . Ha- '#' mu#)u""a#

uatu u(a!a u#tu" m*,ar*a' "aum a#'ta $*a# m&m'#ta r&tu $ar' "&$ua %ra#* tua#!a .

P*,ar*aa# t&r,a$a( (&r&m(ua# )u*a $a(at $'-',at $*a# a$a#!a (&mb&r'a# ma,ar b&ru(a ma

"a'# $a# $u' ba-a#/a !a#* /u"u( t'#**' $ar' (',a" -a"' -a"' "&(a$a (',a" (&r&m(ua# . K&b&ra$aa#

ma,ar &ba*a' ,a$'a, '#' m&ru(a"a# '!arat atau ta#$a "&mu-'aa# (&r&m(ua# .

SIMPU%AN DAN SARAN

Si#&u'an

3&r$aar"a# (&mba,aa# $' ata ma"a $a(at $'tar'" "&'m(u-a# &ba*a' b&r'"ut :

1. P&r#'"a,a# murut %ra#* 3u*' bu"a#-a, &"&$ar u#tu" m!atu"a# "&$ua m&m(&-a' (r'a $a#

a#'ta+ t&ta(' -&b', $ar' (a$a 'tu a$a-a, u#tu" m!atu"a# $ua "&-uar*a b&ar &,'#**a t&r)a-'#

,ubu#*a# "&"&rabata# $a# ,ubu#*a# '-aturra,m' !a#* &ma"'# &rat.

2. P&ta (&r#'"a,a# ba*' %ra#* 3u*' bu"a# &"&$ar u(a/ara (&r)amua# b'aa + t&ta(' -&b', "&(a$a

('#*"ata# tatu %'a-. S&ma"'# m&r'a, S&bua, (&ta +ma"a &ma"'# t'#**' tatu %'a- &&%ra#*.

O-&, "ara 'tu + ta" Jara#* &bua, "&-uar*a m)a$'"a# (&ta (&r#'"a,a# &ba*a' a)a#* u#tu"

m'#*"at"a# tatu %'a- m&r&"a.

>. 3a*' %ra#* 3u*' (r%& (&m'#a#*a# !a#* ,aru $'-a"u"a# %-&, m&m(&-a' (r'a . Ha- '#'

mu#)u""a# uatu u(a!a u#tu" m*,ar*a' "aum a#'ta $*a# m&m'#ta r&tu $ar' "&$ua %ra#*

tua#!a . P*,ar*aa# t&r,a$a( (&r&m(ua# )u*a $a(at $'-',at $*a# a$a#!a (&mb&r'a# ma,ar b&ru(a

ma "a'# $a# $u' ba-a#/a !a#* /u"u( t'#**' $ar' (',a" -a"' -a"' "&(a$a (',a" (&r&m(ua# .

K&b&ra$aa# ma,ar &ba*a' ,a$'a, '#' m&ru(a"a# '!arat atau ta#$a "&mu-'aa# (&r&m(ua# .


15/16

Saran

3&r$aar"a# ura'a# $'ata ma"a (&-'t' m!ara#"a# &ba*a' b&r'"ut:

1. G&ra' mu$a &ba*a' (&ru (&mba#*u#a# ba#*a (&r-u "'ra#!a m*&ta,u' ma"#a $ar'

(&r"a'#a# &/ara a$at &rta #'-a''#'-a' !a#* t&r"a#$u#* $'$a-am#!a+ (&r-u t&ru $')a*a $a#

$'-&tar'"a#.

2. K&(a$a ma!ara"at 3a"u#* $',ara("a# a*ar #'-a' ,u"um a$at+ $a-am (r%&' 't&m (&r"a'#a#

t&ta( $'-a"a#a"a# $*a# ba'" $a# bar &,'#**a $a(at $'-&tar'"a# &rta $'ar'"a# "& *&ra'

!a#* a"a# $ata#*.

>. D',ara("a# "&(a$a t%"%, a*ama+ t%"%, a$at+ $a# t%"%, ma!ara"at a*ar u(a!a $a(at m&mba#tu

$a# m&mb'#a (ara *&ra' mu$a a*ar t&ta( b'a m)a*a &rta m&m&-',ara "&bu$a!aa# !a#* a$a

&,'#**a $*a# $&m'"'a# $a(at m*,'$u("a# "&mba-' "a#*a# (&r't'a maa -am(au &ba*a'

t&m(at b&r(')a" (a$a maa &"ara#* '#' *u#a m&m&-',ara $a# m*&mba#*"a# bu$a!a $a&ra,

",uu#!a bu$a!a a$at (&r#'"a,a# u"u 3u*' .

. 3a*' (&-'t' $',ara("a# a"a# $'-a"a#a"a# (&-'t'a#(&-'t'a# &ru(a $*a# "a-a !a#* -&b',

-ua -a*' a*ar $a(at $'"&ta,u' -&ta" "&"ura#*a# !a#* (&r-u $'(&rba'"' &/ara b&ramaama.


16/16