1.1 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
MINGGU #1Sistem Informasi ManajemenSistem Informasi Manajemen
Pokok Bahasan:Managing the Digital Firm
Tujuan Instruksional Khusus:Mahasiswa mampu mendefinisikan Sistem Informasi dalam perspektif bisnis
Referensi:• Laudon, Kenneth dan Jane Laudon (2004), Essentials of
Management of Information Systems, Edisi ke-6, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc Chapter 01
• O’Brien, James A (2005), Introduction To Information Systems,
Edisi ke 12, Mc Graw Hill Chapter 01
1.2 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Kuliah SIM M#1Kuliah SIM M#1Disampaikan oleh Humdiana Disampaikan oleh Humdiana
Untuk Program Studi Sistem InformasiUntuk Program Studi Sistem Informasi iBii iBiiKode Mata Kuliah : MKB6111/3 sksKode Mata Kuliah : MKB6111/3 sks
Deskripsi Mata Kuliah : Mata kuliah ini mempelajari tentang Deskripsi Mata Kuliah : Mata kuliah ini mempelajari tentang Pengelolaan Sistem Informasi dan berbagai subfungsi yang ada Pengelolaan Sistem Informasi dan berbagai subfungsi yang ada di dalamnya baik dari aspek SDMnya sampai kepada berbagai di dalamnya baik dari aspek SDMnya sampai kepada berbagai subfungsi yang ada di dalamnya sesuai dengan kebijakan dan subfungsi yang ada di dalamnya sesuai dengan kebijakan dan prosedur sistem informasi dalam organisasi. prosedur sistem informasi dalam organisasi.
Tujuan Mata Kuliah : Agar Mahasiswa mampu memahami konsep Tujuan Mata Kuliah : Agar Mahasiswa mampu memahami konsep pengelolaan sistem informasi dalam suatu organisasi, baik dari pengelolaan sistem informasi dalam suatu organisasi, baik dari aspek SDMnya sampai kepada berbagai subfungsi yang ada di aspek SDMnya sampai kepada berbagai subfungsi yang ada di dalamnya sesuai dengan kebijakan dan prosedur sistem informasi dalamnya sesuai dengan kebijakan dan prosedur sistem informasi dalam organisasi sehingga sistem informasi yang dikelola dalam organisasi sehingga sistem informasi yang dikelola tersebut dapat memberikan nilai keunggulan bersaing yang tersebut dapat memberikan nilai keunggulan bersaing yang strategis.strategis.
1.3 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Perkuliahan M#1Perkuliahan M#1
Information Systems Information Systems Perspective on Information Perspective on Information System Opportunities with System Opportunities with
TechnologyTechnology
Managing The Digital Firm Managing The Digital Firm
1.4 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Why study information systems?
• An end-user perspective– Enhance personal productivity, and the productivity
of their work groups and department.– Increase your opportunities for success:
• An enterprise perspective: Information systems play a vital role in the business success of an enterprise.– Efficient operations– Effective management– Competitive advantage
1.5 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
What is an enterprise?
p. 714
Next
Large organization such as multinational corporation, university, hospital, research laboratory, or government organization
Requires special computing solutions because of its size
Enterprise computingEnterprise computing—use of computers in networks that
encompass variety of operating systems, protocols, and network architectures
1.6 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
What are the four management activities?
p. 719 Fig. 14-4
Next
1. Planningobjectivesstrategiestactics
2. Organizingmoneypeoplemanagement structure
3. Leadingcommunicationsinstructionsmotivation
4. Controllingperformancemeasurementcorrective action
1.7 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Executive managementExecutive managementstrategic decisions
Middle managementMiddle managementtactical decisions
What are the four categories of users?
p. 717 Fig. 14-3Next
Operational managementOperational managementoperational decisions
Nonmanagement employeesNonmanagement employeeson-the-job decisions
Support Strategies for
Competitive Advantage
Support forBusiness Decision Making
Support forBusiness Processes and Operations
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Peran SIM dalam Perusahaan era Digital
Support Strategies for
Competitive Advantage
SupportBusiness Decision Making
Support Business Processes and Operations
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The Role of Information Systems in Business Today
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business TodayChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today
The Interdependence Between Organizations and The Interdependence Between Organizations and Information TechnologyInformation Technology
There is a growing interdependence between a firm’s information systems and its business capabilities. Changes in strategy, rules, and business processes increasingly require changes in hardware, software, databases, and telecommunications. Often, what the organization would like to do depends on what its systems will permit it to do.
Figure 1-2
1.10 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Perspectives on Information Systems
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business TodayChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today
Using information systems effectively requires an understanding of the organization, management, and information technology shaping the systems. An information system creates value for the firm as an organizational and management solution to challenges posed by the environment.
Figure 1-5
Information Systems Are More Than ComputersInformation Systems Are More Than Computers
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Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business TodayChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today
The Role of Information Systems in Business Today
Information Technology Capital InvestmentInformation Technology Capital Investment
Figure 1-1
Information technology investment, defined as hardware, software, and communications equipment, grew from 34% to 50% between 1980 and 2004.Source: Based on data in U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Income and Product Accounts, 2006.
1.12 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
What is enterprise information?
p. 718
Next
Information gathered in ongoing operations of enterprise
Allows managers to make better decisions
Collected, combined, and analyzed over time
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How does information flow within an enterprise?Enterprise manages large amounts of information over an
extensive geographical area and disparate groups of people
p. 714 Fig. 14-1Next
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How are enterprises organized?
p. 716 Fig. 14-2Next
Most are organized in a hierarchy
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Information Systems in the Enterprise
What is an information system?
p. 720 Fig. 14-5
Next
Set of hardware, software, data, people, and procedures that work together to produce information
Procedures are instructions users follow to accomplish activities
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The Role of Information Systems in Business Today
• How information systems are transforming business
• Globalization opportunities
• The emerging digital firm
• Strategic business objectives of information systems• Operational excellence
• New products, services, and business models
• Customer and supplier intimacy
• Improved decision making
• Competitive advantage
• Survival
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business TodayChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today
1.17 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
• What is an information system?
• Dimensions of information systems– Organizations
– Management
– Technology
• It isn’t just a technology: A Business perspective on information systems
• Complementary assets: Organizational capital and the right business model
Perspectives on Information Systems
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business TodayChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today
1.18 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Sistem InformasiSistem Informasi
• Sistem informasi adalah komponen-komponen yang saling berhubungan untuk mengumpulkan, memproses, menyimpan dan memberikan informasi yang dapat mendukung pengambilan keputusan, koordinasi, pengawasan, analisis dan visualisasi didalam suatu organisasi (Laudon,2004, p8).
1.19 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Mengapa mempelajari SI & TI?Mengapa mempelajari SI & TI?
Sistem Informasi :
Teknologi Informasi:
Adalah kesatuan sistem terdiri atas orang,h/w,s/w,jaringan komunikasi, sumber daya data yg mengumpulkan, mengubah, dan menyebarkan info dlm sebuah organisasi
Adalah h/w, s/w, telekomunikasi, manajemen database, dan teknologi pemrosesan info lainnya yg digunakan dlm SI berbasis komputer
SIM: adalah sistem pendukung manajemen yg menghasikan laporan, tampilan, dan respons yg telah dispesifikasi, secara periodik, khusus, berdasarkan permintaan dgn berbasis pelaporan wajib. (J.O’Brien)
1.20 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Konsep Sistem
manajemen
SD Ekonomi:
Orang,Uang,Bahan Baku,Mesin,Tanah,Fasilitas,Energi,Informasi
Proses Bisnis:
Pasarkan,Kembangkan, Produksi & Berikan
Produk &Jasa, Dukungan utk Pelanggan Proses
Lainnya
Sistem Informasi
Barang & Jasa:
Produk,Layanan Pembayaran,Kontrib
usInformasi Pengaruh Lainnya
pengendalian
input pemrosesan output
Umpan balik
Pemasok
Lembaga Pemerintah
Serikat Pekerja
Pelanggan
Lembaga Keu
Masyarakat
Pemegang saham
Pesaing
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MENGENALI SI & KOMPONEN SI
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e-Business dan e-Commerce
e-Business : penggunaan teknologi internet utk menghubungkan dan pemberdayaan proses bisnis, e-commerce, dan komunikasi perusahaan serta kerja sama di dlm perusahaan dgn para pelanggan, pemasok, dan pemilik kepentingan bisnis lainnya (stakeholder).
e-Commerce : pembelian dan penjualan, pemasaran dan pelayanan, serta pengiriman dan pembayaran produk, jasa, dan informasi di internet, intranet, ekstranet, dan jaringan lainnya, antara perusahaan berjaringan dgn prospek, pelanggan, pemasok, dan mitra bisnis lainnya.
1.23 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
The e-Business Application Architecture
1.24 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
CONTOH PERAN SIMUntuk industri secara garis besar SIM terbagi atas tiga section, yaitu section raw materials (bahan mentah), section processing, section selling (pasca produksi dan penjualan) dan section report. Masing - masing section terbagi atas beberapa sub section lagi. Selengkapnya dapat dilihat di bawah ini :
Sumber CGB
1.25 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Section ini adalah 'jantung' SIM yang bertugas menangani hasil laporan dari ketiga section di atas. Dari sinilah pihak top manager atau middle manager dapat mengetahui ringkasan (atau rincian) laporan keadaan perusahaan, sesuai dengan fungsi dan wewenang jabatannya.
Section report
Terbagi atas sub section gudang dan agen penjual. Bagian ini yang bertanggungjawab untuk melaporkan hasil penjualan produk ke pihak manajemen pusat.
Section Selling
Terbagi atas sub section alat produksi / mesin - mesin dan sub section tenaga kerja (manusia). Untuk mesin bagian ini akan mencatat jadwal pemeriksaan rutin / berkala, service, overhaul, stock suku cadang, dsbnya. Sedangkan untuk tenaga kerja bagian ini akan memantau masalah absensi, pelatihan dan pengembangan karyawan, rekruting, promosi jabatan, mutasi, pensiun, dsbnya.
Section Processing
Terbagi atas sub section pengadaan bahan mentah, penyimpanan dan pemakaiannya dalam proses produksi.Section
Raw Materials
1.26 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Bila dilihat dari segi pengolahan data, SIM mengumpulkan semua data dari unit kerja yang terkait langsung di lapangan. Data & informasi yang dikumpulkan selanjutnya disimpan dalam file database untuk diproses lebih lanjut. Dalam pemrosesan ini SIM memiliki kaidah seperti piramid (kerucut) yang artinya semakin ke atas hasil pemrosesan data tadi akan semakin ringkas namun padat dan informatif!
1.27 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Smart Systems and Smart Ways of Working Help Toyota Become Number One
• Problem: Tough competition and demanding customers.
• Solutions: Redesigned order and production processes reduce costs, increase revenue, and improve customer service.
• Oracle E-Business Suite makes it possible to build cars to order and forecast demand and production requirements more accurately.
• Demonstrates IT’s role in analyzing market trends and monitoring quality, efficiency, and costs.
• Illustrates the emerging digital firm landscape where businesses can use tools to analyze critical data.
Management Information SystemsManagement Information SystemsChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business TodayChapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today
1.28 © 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management InformationSystems
Leading Business into the Future